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Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a tumor that occurs in the nasopharynx. Although advances in detection and treatment have improved the prognosis of NPC the treatment of advanced NPC remains challenging. Here, we explored the effect of microRNA (miR)-122-5p on erastin-induced ferroptosis in NPC cells and the role of ferroptosis in the development of NPC. The effect of miR-122-5p silencing and overexpression and the effect of citrate synthase on erastin-induced lipid peroxidation in NPC cells was analyzed by measuring the amounts of malondialdehyde, Fe2+, glutathione, and reactive oxygen species and the morphological alterations of mitochondria. The malignant biological behavior of NPC cells was examined by cell counting kit-8, EDU, colony formation, Transwell, and wound healing assays. The effects of miR-122-5p on cell proliferation and migration associated with ferroptosis were examined in vivo in a mouse model of NPC generated by subcutaneous injection of NPC cells. We found that erastin induced ferroptosis in NPC cells. miR-122-5p overexpression inhibited CS, thereby promoting erastin-induced ferroptosis in NPC cells and decreasing NPC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: This study evaluated the influence of four active dry yeasts (ADYs) on nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation in lambs through in vitro and in vivo experiments. Notably, Vistacell (Vis) and Procreatin7 (Pro) showed enhanced total gas production and pH levels in vitro. Vis improved in vivo propionate molar proportion, NDF digestibility, and total VFA concentration, suggesting it is the most suitable for lamb growth. However, the study highlighted discrepancies between in vitro and in vivo outcomes, cautioning against directly translating batch culture results to live animal effects. This study assessed the impact of active dry yeast (ADY) on nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation, using both in vitro and in vivo experiments with lambs. In vitro, ADYs were incubated with rumen fluid and a substrate mixture to assess gas production, pH, volatile fatty acid (VFA) profiles, and lactate concentration. In vivo, Hu lambs were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments: a control group and four groups receiving one of two dosages of either Vistacell or Procreatin7. Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation parameters, and bacterial community composition were measured. Pro enhanced the propionate molar proportion while it decreased the n-butyrate molar proportion. Vis reduced the lactate concentration in vitro. In the in vivo experiment, Vis increased the propionate molar proportion and the Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-001 abundance while it decreased the n-butyrate molar proportion and the Lachnospiraceae_ND3007 abundance. Additionally, Vis showed a greater impact on improving the NDF digestibility and total VFA concentration in vivo compared to Pro. Overall, the effects of ADYs on rumen fermentation were found to vary depending on the specific ADY used, with Vis being the most suitable for lamb growth. It was observed that Vis promoted propionate fermentation and Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-001 abundance at the expense of reduced n-butyrate fermentation and Lachnospiraceae_ND3007 abundance. Importantly, differences were noted between the outcomes of the in vitro and in vivo experiments concerning the effects of ADYs on rumen fermentation, highlighting the need for caution when generalizing batch culture results to the in vivo effects of ADYs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] Highly reactive nanoclusters of metal oxides are extremely difficult to be synthesized due to their thermodynamic instability. For the first time, CuO x nanoclusters supported on anatase TiO 2 nanotubes (NT) with many defects as anchoring sites were successfully prepared. Although the copper loading reached as high as 2.5 %, the size of CuO x nanoclusters in the sample of 2.5 %CuO x /NT were mainly around 1.0 nm. The aggregation of copper species during the calcination process was undoubtedly hampered by the anchoring effects of the abundant defects in NT support. Due to the highly exposed undercoordinated atoms of CuO x nanoclusters, the mixed valences of copper, and the strong interface interaction between CuO x nanoclusters and NT support, 2.5 %CuO x /NT-catalyzed ozonation showed the highest pseudo-first-order reaction rate constant of 8.5 × 10−2 min−1, 2.2 and 4.0 times that of NT-catalyzed ozonation and ozonation alone, respectively. Finally, the catalytic mechanism was revealed by both experiments and density functional theory calculations (DFT). The results demonstrated that the undercoordinated Cu in CuO x /NT could highly promote the adsorption of ozone with a high adsorption energy of −125.16 eV and the adsorbed ozone was activated immediately, tending to dissociate into a O 2 molecule and a surface O atom. Thus, abundant reactive oxygen species, e.g., hydroxyl radical (·OH), superoxide radical (·O 2 –) and singlet oxygen (1O 2), could be generated via chain reactions. Especially, ·OH mainly contributed to the removal of ibuprofen pollutants. This work sheds a light on the design and preparation of highly reactive nanoclusters of metal oxide catalysts for catalytic ozonation of refractory organic pollutants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phosphogypsum (PG) modified by milk of lime (namely lime‐preconditioned phosphogypsum, PPG) is investigated to evaluate the adsorption thereof for removing Congo Red (CR) from aqueous solution. The experimental parameters, such as adsorbent dosage, pH, adsorption temperature, initial CR concentration and contact time, are carefully studied in the batch system. FT‐IR, XRD, BET and SEM are used to characterize the structure and morphology of PPG in the various conditions. The adsorption kinetic and isotherm of PPG onto CR from aqueous solution are fitted using quasi‐first‐order and quasi‐second‐order kinetic equations, and Langmuir and Freundlich models, respectively. The quasi‐second‐order kinetic equation is more suitable to describe the adsorption kinetics of CR by PPG than the quasi‐first‐order kinetic equation. The equilibrium data of CR is found to best fit to the Langmuir model. The adsorption capacity for CR achieved 79.5 mg/g according to Langmuir model. Further, the thermodynamic results show that the adsorption is an endothermic and spontaneous process. Meanwhile, desorption experiments are performed to verify and reveal the adsorption behavior. And the packed micro‐channel is firstly applied to remove CR from aqueous solution. Finally, the adsorption mechanism is speculated according the structure of CR and PPG. PG can be employed as waste‐recycling alternatives for recalcitrant dye removal from aqueous solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is one of the most hazardous pathogens causing seafood‐borne diseases in the southern Fujian coast, China. From June to October 2016, a total of 250 samples were collected from retail markets in the Xiamen, Quanzhou, and Zhangzhou regions. Seventy‐seven V. parahaemolyticus isolates were identified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Then, molecular typing was performed using repetitive extragenic palindromic‐PCR (REP‐PCR). The distribution of seven virulence genes was detected by PCR. In aquatic products, the prevalence of V. parahaemolyticus was 30.8%, and the prevalence of tdh+ and trh+ was 2.6 and 1.3%, respectively. The prevalence of type III secretion system‐2 (T3SS2) and the ureC gene was 5.2 and 3.9%, respectively. All 77 strains and the reference strain V. parahaemolyticus ATCC 17802 were classified into seven molecular types using REP‐PCR. Thus, our findings demonstrated that the prevalence of V. parahaemolyticus was severe in the southern Fujian coast and that the regulations for aquatic food safety should be strengthened. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The OVA sensitized AR mouse model and EOL-1 cells model are established. • The level of miR-223-3p is up-regulated in AR patients and AR mice. • MiR-223-3p affects AR inflammatory response by promoting eosinophil degranulation. • FBXW7 is a target gene of miR-223-3p, and its expression is low in AR group. • MiR-223-3p affects eosinophil degranulation and AR inflammation by targeting FBXW7. MiR-223-3p is a multifunctional microRNA regulated by multiple transcription factors and plays a critical role in inflammation. This paper was designed to investigate the regulatory role and mechanism of miR-223-3p in eosinophils degranulation and allergic rhinitis (AR) inflammation. OVA sensitized AR mouse model and EOL-1 cells model were established. RT-qPCR and FISH were performed to detect the miR-223-3p expression. ELISA and WB were utilized to evaluate mRNA and protein expression. HE staining and transmission electron microscopy were applied to observe the morphological changes in nasal mucosa. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining were performed to measure the proportion of eosinophils and eosinophilic major basic protein expression. The targeting relationship between miR-223-3p and FBXW7 was verified by bioinformatic analysis and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. The expression of FBXW7 was detected by immunohistochemistry. The level of miR-223-3p in nasal mucosa was significantly up-regulated in AR group. The expression of miR-223-3p, ECP, MBP, and EPO were increased in EOL-1 cells, further increasing the miR-223-3p level could promote the ECP and EPO mRNA expression. Upregulation of miR-223-3p increased eosinophils granule protein expression, aggravated mucosal destruction and enhanced AR inflammation. Luciferase assay verified miR-223-3p directly target the 3ʹ-UTR of FBXW7. In vitro, overexpression of FBXW7 could reverse the increase in MBP expression caused by the up-regulation of miR-223-3p. In vivo, knockdown of FBXW7 could reverse the down-regulation in granule protein level caused by the down-regulation of miR-223-3p, thereby aggravating AR inflammation. Collected evidence elucidated that miR-223-3p could regulate the eosinophil degranulation and enhances the inflammation in AR by targeting FBXW7. The miR-223-3p/FBXW7 axis may provide a novel approach for AR treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• In this study, we revealed that the TP53INP1 expression was was inversely associated with miR-155-5p in ILC2s. • MiR-155-5p disrupted the Th1/Th2 cytokines expression balance and suppressed the apoptosis of ILC2s via targeting TP53INP1 in AR. • TP53INP1 might exert its anti-inflammatory roles via inhibition NF-κB signaling pathway in AR. • Taken together, these findings suggested that miR-155-5p aggravated the inflammatory response of AR dominated by ILC2s via targeting TP53INP1, which may aid in the development of novel therapeutic agents for AR. As a key component of innate immunity, group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) play a key role in Allergic rhinitis (AR). We previously demonstrated that both miR-155-5p and ILC2s are overexpressed in the nasal mucosa of AR patients, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. At present study, we revealed that miR-155-5p was highly expressed in ILC2s of AR patients. Moreover, miR-155-5p promoted the secretion of Th2 cytokines of ILC2s, while inhibited the secretion of Th1 cytokines and the apoptosis of ILC2s. Meanwhile, the TP53INP1 expression was poorly expressed in ILC2s of AR patients. A dual luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that TP53INP1 was a direct target of miR-155-5p, and its expression was inversely associated with miR-155-5p in ILC2s. Furthermore, TP53INP1 inhibited the secretion of Th2 cytokines of ILC2s, while promoted the secretion of Th1 cytokines and the apoptosis of ILC2s. Notably, rescue experiments demonstrated that overexpression of TP53INP1 could partially reverse the effect of miR-155-5p on ILC2s. Taken together, these findings suggested that miR-155-5p aggravated the inflammatory response of AR dominated by ILC2s via targeting TP53INP1, which may aid in the development of novel therapeutic agents for AR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]