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In this paper, a convective fluid flow mixed with different nanoparticles (NPs) flowing on a vertical plate is studied. The impacts of slip boundary wall, Newtonian heating, and magnetic field are also pondered. Using Fourier's rule of heat conductivity and Caputo-time (CT) fractional derivative (FD), the nondimensional governing equations for this mathematical model are obtained. The Laplace transformation (LT) technique is used to get a generalized solution to the equations of momentum and energy. The physical interpretation of velocity distribution in some particular cases is well recognized in the past research works and is also highlighted to scrutinize some further physical perception into the subject and to fortify the novelty of this research communication. Furthermore, graphical depictions are created using the mathematica program to assess the physical importance of the considered topic. As a result, we concluded that the blood-based aluminium oxide (A l 2 O 3) NPs show more decaying behavior as compared to titanium dioxide (Ti O 2) NPs for temperature and velocity profile. Moreover, changing the fractional parameter's value for a long period of time improves thermal and velocity profiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we investigate time-dependent viscous fluid flow along a stretching horizontal plate with a magnetic field, viscous dissipation and chemical reaction are taken into account. A system of partial differential equations (PDEs) governs the flow problem. Using dimensionless variables, system of governing PDEs is transformed to dimensionless form. Finite difference method is the numerical method adopted for solving the system of PDEs with initial and boundary conditions. The impact of potential variables is examined and displayed graphically. The results suggest that greater Hartmann number reduces velocity and temperature, whereas raising chemical reaction parameter decreases concentration profile. Moreover, skin friction increases with Hartmann number values and Nusselt number, showing increase for growing Eckert and Prandtl numbers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The major purpose of this study is to observe the flow properties of an electrically conducting hybrid nanofluid (HNF) consist of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and iron ferrite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (nps) passes through a linearly expanded sheet with the slip velocity. The non‐Newtonian fluid models provide a better insight of the flow and heat allocation properties of nanofluids. For this purpose, we have used a Maxwell nanoliquid as the basis fluid in our experiment, with an inclined magnetic field applied to the flow direction. The flow regulating equations are turned into a system of non‐dimensional differential equations via resemblance substitutions. The computational procedure "parametric continuation method" (PCM) has been used to compute the velocity, energy, and mass of the HNF. The statistical results are displayed through graphs and tables. Maxwell parameter, porosity, and velocity slip tend to minimize HNF velocity, while its temperature rises with the action of thermal radiation, inclined magnetic field, unsteadiness variable, and viscous dissipation. Furthermore, the porous medium's penetration has a greater influence on the reduction of nanofluid velocity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Slow-release oxidation is important for effectively and selectively treating aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants like phenol in water. This research work focuses on persulfate candles formation for slow-relaese oxidation of phenol in water. To control the persulfate release rate polystyrene coating was applied to the beads. Four predetermined PAHs to ferrous molar ratios accompanied with persulfate candles were applied for the oxidation process. In the presence of ferrous activator the degradation of phenol was achieved. The increasing concentration of ferrous with constant persulfate and phenol concentration the higher degradation can be achieved up to certain Ph:Fe+2 ratio. The crossing the optimum ratio the inhibition starts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transport of complex rheological fluids in physiological ducts is often facilitated by the dynamic phenomenon of peristalsis. Additionally, peristaltic transport assisted by cilia plays a significant role in various natural processes such as respiration, circulation, locomotion, and reproduction. This study focuses on magnetically induced flow bounded by non-uniform curved walls, motivated by the importance of peristalsis and micro-organism motility. To characterize the complex rheology of the fluid liner, a viscoelastic model described by the constitutive equation of Jeffrey's fluid is employed. The flow problem is mathematically formulated using curvilinear coordinates. Subsequently, linear transformations and scaling factors are applied to convert the equations into dimensionless form, while considering biotic restrictions such as creeping transport and long wavelength to reduce dependent variables. By utilizing the stream function and cross-differentiation, a fourth-order equation is obtained and numerically approximated using the shooting method. The effects of various parameters on the flow are illustrated through graphs, and a physical interpretation of the graphical results is provided. It is observed that ciliated walls of the channel enhance the velocity and pumping, while trapping phenomena are more pronounced in a non-uniform channel compared to a uniform channel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research captures nonlinear thermo-solutal buoyancy (i.e., nonlinear mixed convection) impact in nanofluid flow based on magnetized Casson model. The generalized porosity concept (i.e., Darcy–Forchheimer relationship) is employed by considering incompressible liquid that saturates the porous space. Effects of thermophoresis, Robin conditions, thermo-solutal stratifications and Brownian diffusion are accounted. Consideration of transpiration phenomenon captures suction/injection aspects. Fluid mechanics basic laws are depleted to simplify the governing rheological expressions. A transformation procedure is then employed to convert the nonlinear governing partial systems into differential systems. Homotopy methodology is used to obtain analytical solutions and convergence is ensured. Graphical and tabular outcomes are presented to address the importance of emerging variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of nanoparticles in heat transmission is an interesting research subject and many scholars have shown an interest in this topic. In accordance with the motivating relevance of nanomaterials, the current research advocates for an evaluation of Casson nanofluid using porous medium thermal analysis in conjunction with vibrant implementations of mixed convection through a chemical reaction. Additionally, a nonlinear suction/injection phenomenon is taken into consideration. A consistent flow pattern is created by the stretched porous structure. The extended Casson nanofluid model is used to identify the heat production of non-Newtonian fluids. The essential incentives for choosing the Casson nanofluid model are validated as it simultaneously achieves Casson fluid, nanofluid and porous medium outcomes. The convective transport of nanofluid has been addressed using convective temperature boundary conditions and convective flow. A dimensionless form with similarity variables is used to simplify the fundamental equations for the provided flow model. The fourth-order Runge–Kutta (RK) strategy is deployed to arrive at a numerical solution for simulated flow. The physical conveyance of flow variables is accessed visually. It is calculated from engineering quantities (i.e., skin friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number) to generate the numerical values. The velocity declines with increasing porosity and material factors while opposite outcomes are witnessed for buoyancy factors (mixed convection and buoyancy ratio) and injection factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractA theoretical study is carried out to explore the heat and mass transfer features in the flow of two types nanofluid, i.e., Al2O3/H2O micropolar nanofluid and (Al2O3+Ag)/H2O hybrid nanofluid, adjacent to a solid sphere. Furthermore, simultaneous effects of linear thermal radiation and chemical reaction are also explored on the heat and mass transfer characteristics. In mathematical formulation basic conservation laws are utilized along with the Soret and Doufer effects as a coupling agents in the energy and mass concentration equations. The normalized variables are used to transform the governing system of non-linear partial differential equations into the system of dimensionless partial differential equations. Stream function reduces the number of dependent variables and the resulting system is solved numerically by Keller box method. Several plots are presented to explore the impact of involved parameters on the different profiles and engineering interest quantities for both types of fluids. The temperature profile and Nusselt number are large in magnitude for hybrid nanofluid as compared to Al2O3/water based nanofluid. The heat transfer and mass transfer rates rises with thermal radiation parameter and chemical reaction parameter, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis manuscript reports a numerical study on mixed convection heat transfer of Cu-water nanofluid in a porous cavity with an isothermal solid block in the state of local thermal non equilibrium. The set of governing equations are solved by finite volume method combined with SIMPLE algorithm. Through streamlines and isothermal contour plots as well as the average Nusselt number, the impact of various parameters like the nanoparticle concentration, Richardson number, Darcy number, and inter phase heat transfer coefficient is highlighted. The main findings indicate that the Local thermal non-equilibrium state (H = 1, 10) produces the maximum heat transfer rate than the local thermal equilibrium state (H = 1000). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this analysis, rotation, magnetic fields, and Hall current effects are considered as they pertain to the flow of a Prandtl fluid via a conduit with slip boundary conditions. Closed-form solutions for velocity and temperature are derived using a long-wavelength approximation and conditions of low Reynolds numbers in the analysis. The results show that the pressure gradient rises for larger values of the first-order slip parameter and the second-order slip parameter but falls for larger values of the Prandtl fluid parameter. Furthermore, in the free, peristaltic, and retrograde pumping regimes, pumping rates increase with an increase in the slip parameters, while pumping rates drop in the back-pumping zone. Although fluid temperature drops with an increase in the Prandtl fluid parameter, it is still affected by the Prandtl fluid parameter and the slip parameters. The ramifications of these findings for developing pumping systems and gastrointestinal health are substantial. They allow the body's fluids to flow smoothly, which improves the efficiency of functions, including oxygen delivery, waste removal, and nutrient delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research article is to investigate the impact of magnetic dipole on the flow of nano-fluids over the stretching surface with variable viscosity and thermal conductivity. Fluid fills the porous space. Heat transfer analysis is carried out in the presence of Newtonian heating. Water and ethylene glycol are used as base fluid while gamma alumina acts as a nanoparticle. System of ordinary differential equations is obtained by appropriate transformations. Numerical solutions are computed for the resulting nonlinear differential system by applying shooting method with RK-4 scheme. Impact of different parameters on the velocity and temperature profiles is examined. Computations for surface drag force and heat transfer rates are presented and examined for the influences of pertinent parameters. It is observed that fluid velocity reduces for larger viscosity parameter while opposite behavior is observed for temperature. Increasing values of ferro hydrodynamic interaction parameter and Curie temperature correspond to the enhancement in temperature. Surface drag force increases for larger values of nanoparticles volume fraction. Gamma alumina-ethylene glycol nano-fluid produce less surface drag force than gamma alumina-water nano-fluid. Heat transfer rate is increasing function of Prandtl number. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]