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In this study, the Bu2SnIH-catalyzed direct coupling of 1,3-dienes with aldehydes was developed. This reaction could be suitable for coupling without the use of transition-metal catalysts. Many types of aldehydes were applied to this reaction. The addition of MeOH promoted the catalytic cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The catalytic annulation of methylenecyclopropane 1 with 1,1-dicyanoalkenes 2 using a Mg--Sn catalytic system was developed. Selective formation of cyclopentylidenemalonates 3 and spiro[2,3]hexane-1,1-dicarboxylates 4 was accomplished via the choice of a proper solvent and an effective catalytic system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The catalytic synthesis of -butyrolactams was established via [3 + 2]-cycloaddition of cyclopropanes with isocyanates. An organotin iodide ate complex, MgBr+[Bu2SnBrI2]-, was employed as an effective catalyst. Simple cyclopropanes that lack aryl or vinyl substituents were useful precursors. Even acyl cyclopropanes were applicable. The hybrid characteristics of a tin complex, acidic MgBr+ with nucleophilic tin iodide, was responsible for the catalytic reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]