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• The orthogonally polarized dual-wavelength Tm,Ho:(LLF/YLF) laser is first reported. • The high power stability and wide power ratio tunability of the dual-wavelength laser are achieved. • The orthogonally polarized dual-wavelength single longitudinal mode Tm,Ho:(LLF/ YLF) laser is also realized. An orthogonally polarized dual-wavelength laser with high power-stability and wide power-ratio tunability, based on the combined Tm,Ho:LuLiF 4 and Tm,Ho:YLiF 4 dual crystals, has been first reported. Output power equalization of two orthogonal polarizations was realized at various pump powers. At the maximum total output power of 578 mW, the root mean square instabilities were 0.8 % and 0.6 % for the S-polarized 2067.3 nm and P-polarized 2065.5 nm lasers, respectively. The ratio of output powers between S-polarized laser and P-polarized laser could be tuned from 0.009 to 78.54 by controlling the axial position of pump laser waist. Moreover, the orthogonal polarization dual-wavelength single longitudinal mode laser was also successfully realized. Under 1.54 W absorbed pump power, the maximum output powers of 69.3 mW and 74.6 mW were obtained for the S-polarized 2053.5 nm laser and P-polarized 2068.0 nm laser, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new torsion potential function for bond rotations without rotational symmetry is proposed. This function is composed of a few Gaussian-type terms each corresponding to an eclipsed conformation of the 1,2 substituents of the C–C bonds. Different from the truncated Fourier series or the truncated cosine polynomial, it is easy to determine how many terms are needed to represent any type of torsion potential barrier at a glance using the Gaussian-type function. It could also intuitively deduce the physical meaning of the expansion parameters of the new torsion potential function, which corresponds to the barrier height, the dihedral defining the eclipsed conformations, and the size of the substituents, respectively. The new torsion potential function is also applied to the 1, 2-substituted haloethanes with satisfactory results, where three Gaussian-type terms corresponding to the fully eclipsed and the partially eclipsed conformations are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes three data transmission strategies for resource monitoring in cloud computing platforms, which are dynamic periodic push strategy, window-based event-driven push strategy, and window-based hybrid push strategy, respectively. The dynamic periodic push strategy periodically pushes resource status information at a dynamic time interval that is dynamically updated by considering the change degree of resource status information. The window-based event-driven push strategy pushes resource status information if the change degree of resource status information is larger than a threshold that is dynamically updated by using the exponentially weighted moving average. The window-based hybrid push strategy combines the dynamic periodic push strategy and the window-based event-driven push strategy and then further reduces the communication overhead and improves the data coherence. Experimental results show that the window-based hybrid push strategy performs better than previous data transmission strategies in terms of the number of data transmissions and the data coherence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-rate acetylene black (AB) decorated NiCo 2 S 4 hollow microsphere is prepared via a gas bubble soft template and hydrothermal methodology. Benefiting from the combined advantages of the AB with high conductivity and the nanopetals assembled NiCo 2 S 4 with unique hollow micro-/nano- structures, abundant porosity and high conductivity, the as-obtained composites are found to exhibit high specific capacitances (768 F g −1 at 2 A g −1 ) and remarkable rate capabilities (92.2, 80.1 and 70.3% of capacity retention rate at 20, 50 and 100 A g −1 ). The fabrication mechanism of the AB-NiCo 2 S 4 composite is also proposed. Furthermore, an asymmetric supercapacitor is fabricated by using the AB-NiCo 2 S 4 composite as a positive electrode and activated carbon as a negative electrode. Owing to the excellent electrochemical properties of the AB-NiCo 2 S 4 electrode, the asymmetric device delivers high energy density (24.7 Wh kg −1 ) at a power density of 428 W kg −1 or high power density (17.12 kW kg −1 ) at a reasonable energy density of 7.1 Wh kg −1 , and exceptional cycling stability (105.6% of the initial capacity retention at 5 A g −1 over 5000 cycles). These results above demonstrate the significance and great potential of mesoporous NiCo 2 S 4 hollow microsphere-based composites in the development of high-performance energy-storage systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2D organic–inorganic halide perovskites (OIHPs) have received considerable attention due to their attractive photoelectronic properties. Nevertheless, the selection of components for 2D OIHPs with target bandgap is still challenging. To address this issue, a collaborative machine learning model to screen promising 2D OIHPs materials with tailored bandgap is established. Based on the high‐throughput screening via machine learning model, 18 materials with bandgap of 0.9–1.6 eV are obtained to meet the requirement of Shockley–Queisser theory. And considering the application of weak light indoor, 30 candidates with bandgap of about 2.0 eV are also screened out successfully. The prediction results are verified to be reliable by comparing with the published results. Moreover, the Shapley Additive exPlanation and statistical analysis indicate that the electronegativity of the X site, the electronegativity of B site, the vertical ionization potential of A site, and the number of inorganic layers play decisive roles in the prediction of bandgap. This collaborative prediction combining with interpretable strategies can achieve rapid and accurate prediction of bandgap, thus accelerating the development of the 2D OIHP materials in various applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Efficient and effective prediction of the basal spacing is of great importance to materials design of layered double hydroxides (LDHs). In this work, the QSPR model was constructed to predict the basal spacing of LDHs from 7.5 to 8.0 Å by using the support vector regression (SVR) algorithm. The genetic algorithm (GA)–support vector regression (SVR) method was used to filter the main molecular descriptors in modeling. The QSPR model available was tested by an external test set consisting of 8 compounds. As a case study of controllable synthesis based on the QSPR model, the new LDH of Mg–Al–CO 3 system with the desired basal spacing 7.6 Å, which was screened out from a list of LDH dataset consisting of 30 different kinds of samples, was verified by our experiment with the relative error equal to 0.93%. The method outlined here can be served as a new computational template for the materials design and control synthesis of the LDH with the desired basal spacing based on QSPR model for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, spinel NiCo 2 O 4 is prepared by a facile sol–gel method with the effect of three different chelating agents including citric acid (CA), oxalic acid (OA) and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) explored upon the fabrication methodology and resulting electrochemical and supercapacitor properties. The electrochemical measurements reveal that NiCo 2 O 4 prepared using OA exhibits ultrahigh specific capacitance of 1254 F g −1 at 2 A g −1 due to the resultant high specific surface area, while NiCo 2 O 4 prepared by EDTA exhibits the best rate capability and cycling stability owing to the subsequent large pore size. The obvious differences can be primarily ascribed to the use of the differing chelating agents which are shown, for the first time, to greatly affect the particle size, pore structure and specific surface area of the fabricated NiCo 2 O 4 . Such work is of fundamental importance and demonstrates that the tailoring of these different properties can be readily obtained through the use of differing chelating and is responsible for the observed differing electrochemical properties. Additionally, first-principles calculations were employed to investigate the electronic structure of NiCo 2 O 4 , which can help to further understand its excellent electrochemical behaviors. These results above provide a facile, cost-effective and high-performance strategy for supercapacitor electrode applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • All-organic asymmetric supercapacitor device with 1.7 V is demonstrated. • 27 m ammonium and potassium acetate are used as low-cost electrolytes. • ASC device delivers energy & power densities of 22.2 Wh kg−1 and 8.5 kW kg−1. • The device has 79 % of capacity retention after 10,000 charge-discharge cycles. Engineering the polymers with electrochemical functionality is a topic of contemporary research towards developing lightweight and low-cost energy storage devices. In this study, a pair of organic polymers is successfully synthesized by coupling the redox-active moieties such as perylenetetracarboxylic diimide together through monosulfide and disulfide groups. The introduction of two different sulfide linkages in the polymeric chain yields two distinct morphologies due to the different structures of sulfide linkage groups. These polymers are tested as the electrode materials for supercapacitors in two different water-in-salt electrolytes. The interactions of K+/NH 4 + ions with polymer electrodes are separately studied in 27 m potassium acetate (KAc) and 27 m ammonium acetate electrolytes. The polymer with monosulfide moieties shows better specific capacitance, rate capability, and cyclic stability in 27 m KAc compared to the one with disulfide moieties. In order to demonstrate the practical application, the asymmetric supercapacitors are fabricated by using the polymer and activated carbon as the negative and positive electrodes, respectively. The device with 27 m KAc delivers an energy density of 29.9 Wh kg−1 at the power density of 850 W kg−1 and exhibits 79% of the initial capacitance after 10,000 charge-discharge cycles at the current density of 2 A g−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Perovskite materials have been one of the most important research objects in materials science due to their excellent photoelectric properties as well as correspondingly complex structures. Machine learning (ML) methods have been playing an important role in the design and discovery of perovskite materials, while feature selection as a dimensionality reduction method has occupied a crucial position in the ML workflow. In this review, we introduced the recent advances in the applications of feature selection in perovskite materials. First, the development tendency of publications about ML in perovskite materials was analyzed, and the ML workflow for materials was summarized. Then the commonly used feature selection methods were briefly introduced, and the applications of feature selection in inorganic perovskites, hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs), and double perovskites (DPs) were reviewed. Finally, we put forward some directions for the future development of feature selection in machine learning for perovskite material design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Monodisperse silica microspheres were prepared by solvent extraction process. [•] Microfluidic technique was used to prepare silica sol droplets. [•] Solid, hollow, hole-shell and asymmetric silica microspheres could be prepared. [•] The cavity size and hole size could be adjusted. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: NASICON-type Na3V2(PO4)2F3 is employed as a promising cathode for sodium-ion batteries in order to explore the ion-migration mechanism and diffusion capability. Two kinds of Na sites, namely Na(1) site and Na(2) site exist in the crystal structure per formula unit to accommodate a total of three sodium ions. The ion at Na(2) site with half occupation extracts first and inserts the last due to its high chemical potential, while the whole extraction/insertion of two ions between 1.6 and 4.6 V vs. Na+/Na can produce three plateaus in charge/discharge processes because of the reorganization of ions. The first discharge capacity of 111.6 mAh g−1 with retention of 97.6% after 50 cycles could be obtained by electrochemical testing at 0.091C. Electrochemical activation and/or structural reorganization of the system by cycling could improve the diffusion coefficient of sodium with a comparatively large magnitude of 10−12 cm2 s−1, though many influences on the resistance factors also can be attributed to the cycling process. Such work is of fundamental importance to the progression of sodium-based batteries to be fully realized and be implemented over existing Li-ion based batteries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

[Display omitted] • A thin and porous solid-electrolyte interface (SEI) engineered from deep-eutectic solvent. • It effectively prevents the continuous decomposition of electrolytes. • It further suppresses the formation of ionically-insulating thick inorganic deposits. • The engineered SEI enhanced the capacity and cyclic stability of 1T-MoS 2 /RGO-N+. Formation of an inferior solid-electrolyte interface (SEI) over the electrode severely diminishes the specific capacity and cyclic stability of Li-ion batteries (LIB). Although this issue is tackled to some extent by the in-situ generation of SEI coatings via the use of electrolyte additives, the control over the optimum thickness and composition of SEI is still challenging. To address this issue, porous and flexible SEI coating is electrochemically deposited over the active electrode material from an aqueous deep-eutectic solvent. The uniform SEI film of 20 to 35 nm with the composition of C, N, F, O, and Li elements is preformed on the surface of a self-assembled composite of 1T-MoS 2 and the positively charged reduced graphene oxide. With the aid of preformed SEI, the composite electrode significantly increases its specific capacity from 907 to 1350 mAh g−1 and rate capability from 28 to 75%. Even at a higher current density of 1 A g−1, specific capacity gradually rises from 960 to 1647 mAh g−1 after 2000 charge/ discharge cycles. Furthermore, the device shows indistinct electrolyte decomposition and negligible increase of charge transfer resistance during cycling. Our novel approach is extrapolated as a general protocol to improve the performance of LIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Mesoporous-TiO2 nanoparticles (meso-TiO2) and nano-TiO2 particles (nano-TiO2) were synthesized and characterized using scanning electron microscopy. The electrochemical behaviours of carbon paste electrodes (CPE), nano-TiO2/CPE and meso-TiO2/CPE were investigated using K3[Fe(CN)6] as the electrochemical probe. It was observed that the peak potential separation was remarkably decreased at the meso-TiO2/CPE with higher peak currents in comparison with the other two CPEs. Moreover, the electrochemical performance towards phenol and p-substituted phenol detection was studied with remarkably enhanced oxidation signals at meso-TiO2/CPE. The meso-TiO2 shows considerable surface enhancement effects towards phenols which increase linearly with Hammett’s constants. Additionally at higher NaCl concentrations, the oxidation peak currents of phenols notably increases at meso-TiO2/CPE, while remaining unchanged at CPE and nano-TiO2/CPE. In summary meso-TiO2 nanoparticles are superior electrode materials for electrocatalysis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The methanol distribution and electroosmotic drag in hydrated poly(perfluorosulfonic) acid electrolyte membrane are studied using molecular dynamics simulations under various electric fields applied. The results indicate that the methanol molecules are preferentially distributed near the hydrophobic PFSA backbones with their methyl groups in contact with the fluorine atoms and their hydroxyl groups pointing to the hydrophilic subphase. As the hydroxyl groups of methanol forming hydrogen bonds, hydroxyl groups are more likely to accept hydrogen atoms than to donate hydrogen atoms. The calculated methanol diffusion coefficient is in good correspondence with experimental values, and the electroosmotic drag coefficient for methanol is much smaller than that of water molecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aqueous all-organic battery-supercapacitor hybrid (BSH) devices are emerging as promising alternative energy storage systems to conventional metal-ion batteries/supercapacitors in terms of their easy processability, high tunability, cost-effectiveness, and recyclability. In this study, we demonstrate an all-organic BSH device using a record concentration of ammonium acetate (30 m NH 4 Ac) as a cheap and green electrolyte. This novel water-in-salt system possesses an electrochemical stability window up to 2.1 V. In addition, organic polymers comprising of perylenetetracarboxy diimide core and the mixed aromatic amine groups are employed as negative and positive electrodes, respectively. The polymers show low water solubility, good crystallinity, and nano-morphology, which make them decent candidates for the all-organic aqueous BSH device. More importantly, electrochemical kinetic analysis of polymer electrodes reveals that the negative and positive electrodes display pseudocapacitive and battery-type behaviors, respectively. For the first time, an all-organic BSH device with 30 m NH 4 Ac is fabricated, which delivers a specific capacity of 42 mA h g−1 at 200 mA g−1 and capacity retention of ca. 63% after 5000 cycles. It further shows the maximum energy density of 16.5 Wh kg−1 and power density of 719 Wh kg−1, depicting great potential in energy storage applications. [Display omitted] • All-organic battery-supercapacitor hybrid device with 1.9 V has been demonstrated • High concentrated aqueous ammonium acetate of 30 m is used as a cheap electrolyte • The hybrid device exhibited the specific capacity of 42 mA h g−1 at 200 mA g−1 • After 2000 cycles of GCD, the hybrid device possessed 60% of capacity retention [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The electrochemical reduction of aqueous hexamminecobalt(III) is studied using cyclic voltammetry, observing the current–voltage response using a range of scan rates covering seven orders of magnitude. At lower scan rates, it is clear that the voltammetry is diffusion-controlled, but as the scan rate is increased, the system undergoes a transition to a regime that is governed by adsorption. These experimental results are compared with a previously developed theoretical treatment of adsorption (F.G. Chevallier, O.V. Klymenko, L. Jiang, T.G. Jones, R.G. Compton, J. Electroanal. Chem. 574 (2004) 217). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A novel nanoparticle film modified electrode has been constructed using a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) coated with a carbon nanotube-dihexadecylphosphate (DHP) film. This modified electrode exhibits an enhanced effectiveness for the oxidation of azithromycin. A method is also described for the evaluation of azithromycin–bovine serum albumin (BSA) interaction. The electrochemical behavior of azithromycin as well as its interaction with BSA at this nanoparticle film electrode has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry, linear sweep voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and chronocoulometry. The binding number and association constant between azithromycin and bovine serum albumin have been obtained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are filled in the cavity at the tip of a microelectrode to form a carbon nanotubes powder microelectrode (CNTs-PME). CNTs-PME was used to study electrochemical properties of superoxide anion in aprotic media. The reversibility of the oxygen/superoxide anion couple (O2/O2·−) at the different powder microelectrode in different aprotic media was compared by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The result indicated that the nearly reversible redox process of the O2/O2·− couple was obtained at a CNTs-PME. The heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant (ks) can be measured by steady-state voltammogram and the result is 4.7×10−3 cm s−1, suggesting that the electrode reaction is a nearly reversible process as expected. The scavenging activities of bilirubin, α-tocopherol (vitamin E), are examined, and the experimental results confirm that α-tocopherol is the better scavenger toward O2·− between them. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Na4Mn1.5Fe1.5(PO4)2P2O7 (NMFPP), with its low cost and high energy density, is essential for accelerating the commercialization of sodium‐ion batteries. However, its practical application is limited by serious voltage hysteresis and detrimental Jahn‐Teller distortions. Herein, a high operating voltage and superior stable Nb‐doped NMFPP with fewer intrinsic anti‐site defects are elaborately designed by the reconstruction of the crystal lattice and electronic distribution. By introducing higher charge density Nb─O bonds, the lengths of Mn‐O bonds are shortened, enhancing lattice stability. As a result, the lattice volume contracted during Na+ extraction/insertion is decreased with niobium‐modified Na4(Mn0.5Fe0.5)2.94Nb0.06(PO4)2P2O7, mitigating lattice distortion from the Jahn‐Teller effect and increasing the capacity retention after 1000 cycles from 57.5% to 82.3%. More importantly, the delayed effect of Mn2+ involvement in redox reactions is significantly reduced, raising the average operating voltage from 3.32 to 3.64 V and increasing the overall energy density by 13%. This study opens new avenues to develop advanced sodium‐ion battery cathode materials with high energy density and long calendar life for energy storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Garnet electrolyte Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12 (LLZTO) has been identified as a promising candidate for solid‐state batteries (SSBs). However, the implementation of garnet‐based SSBs is severely restricted owing to the Li dendrite originating from the uneven Li+ deposition and the electron leakage. Herein, one high‐performance garnet‐based SSB is proposed through the enhancement of interfacial dynamics and the inhibition of electron penetration, induced by an artificial harmonized interphase (LSF). The formation of a tightly bonded LLZTO|Li interface is facilitated by the Li3Sb with lower interfacial energies against LLZTO and Li, elucidated by the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Furthermore, electron leakage and dendrite infiltration are effectively suppressed by the LiF with the electron‐insulating nature and an exceptional γE value. Therefore, a low interfacial resistance of 4.8 Ω cm2 is successfully achieved by the utilization of the functional LSF interphase layer, and the Li|LLZTO‐LSF|Li symmetric cell displayed prolonged Li plating/stripping stability over 1200 h at 0.3 mA cm−2. Moreover, the LFP|LLZTO‐LSF|Li full cell also exhibited notable cycling performance (93.1% capacity retention after 200 cycles at 1 C). The utilization of a synergistic interlayer has been identified as an effective strategy for the advancement of garnet‐based solid‐state lithium batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attracted by the high specific capacity and energy density, transition metal‐sulfides exhibit great application potential as sodium‐ion batteries anode, but still suffer from the uncontrolled separation of M/S phase and inferior conductivity. Herein, the flower‐like Fe1‐xS@Sb@C (FF) is rationally tailored, accompanied by double‐layer heterojunctions and C–S–Sb/Sb–S–Fe “bridge” bonds. Meanwhile, the bimetallic phases/boundary defects and built‐in electric fields are formed with a strong electronic coupling effect, effectively alleviating the separation of the M/S phase (Fe/Sb and S), and significantly enhancing ion/e− conductivity. As expected, FF delivers an ultra‐fast sodium‐ions storage rate capacity of 436.5/334.3 mAh g−1 even at 10.0/20.0 A g−1. When the operation temperature is lowered to ‐5 °C, the reversible capacity can still remain at ≈349.7 mAh g−1. Assisted by the detailed kinetic analysis and theoretical calculations, their great ion‐storage abilities mainly derive from improved interfacial Na+/e− transfer and surface/near‐surface redox behaviors. Moreover, the reassembling evolution of active phases is revealed by in/ex situ techniques, further demonstrating the stable adsorption/anchoring of intermediate reaction products Fe/Sb–S phases on the heterointerface, accompanying high reversible conversion‐alloying reaction. Given this, this interesting work is anticipated to offer an in‐depth insight into capacity fading mechanism, and effective strategy to design metal‐sulfur anodes for advanced sodium‐ion systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A separator modification strategy was proposed by placing nitrogen-doped carbon fibers (NCF700) in the middle of the separator to prevent direct contact between the coating and the rigid zinc metal anode, resulting in coating cracks. The NCF700 coating can homogenize the electric field distribution and increase the transference number of zinc ions. Therefore, the battery assembled with the NCF700 coated separator exhibits superior cycling stability compared to the bare separator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rechargeable Zn‐based batteries provide a compelling supplement to subsistent energy storage devices owing to their high energy density, good safety, and low cost. Nevertheless, inherent imperfections such as dendrite growth, side reactions, and andante reaction kinetics, severely impede their commercialization. As new 0D nanomaterials, carbon dots (CDs) with unique characteristics and excellent electrochemical activity, exhibit promising potential exploitation in electrochemistry and electrocatalysis areas. Herein, the adhibition of CDs in resolving the aforementioned drawbacks of Zn‐based batteries is introduced. To begin with, concepts, physicochemical properties, and synthetic methods of CDs are discussed. Next, recent developments and advances exploiting CDs in respectively ameliorating the performance of the Zn anode, the cathode, and electrolytes of Zn ion batteries and bifunctional electrocatalytic activities including oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction for Zn‐air batteries, are roundly reviewed and minutely generalized. Finally, current challenges and prospects are surveyed as well, aiming to offer a reference for the blossom of advanced Zn‐based batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) have become a global research hotspot in recent years due to their eco‐friendliness, safety, abundant resources, and low cost. However, some significant challenges seriously affect their overall performance, thus hindering their further development and practical applications. Recently, multifunctional and adjustable 2D carbides and nitrides (MXenes) are extensively used for the modification of ZIBs, and fruitful achievements are achieved. In order to make a systematic understanding of these studies, it is highly desirable to provide an overview of MXenes based on their modification methods and action mechanisms. In this review, a basic introduction to ZIBs and MXenes is presented and the main modification approaches of MXenes in solving the issues of ZIBs are discussed in detail, including activation and composite strategies of the cathode, interface engineering, structural optimization, and zinc metal‐free anode strategy of the anode, solid‐state strategy of the electrolyte, and functionalized strategy of the separator. Importantly, the functions and related mechanisms of MXenes in various components of ZIBs are analyzed in depth. Finally, the pathways for MXenes in solving the issues of ZIBs are summarized, and their future directions are prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The structural failure of Na2Mn[Fe(CN)6] could not be alleviated with traditional modification strategies through the adjustable composition property of Prussian blue analogues (PBAs), considering that the accumulation and release of stress derived from the MnN6 octahedrons are unilaterally restrained. Herein, a novel application of adjustable composition property, through constructing a coordination competition relationship between chelators and [Fe(CN)6]4− to directionally tune the enrichment of elements, is proposed to restrain structural degradation and induce unconventional energy coupling phenomenon. The non‐uniform distribution of elements at the M1 site of PBAs (NFM‐PB) is manipulated by the sequentially precipitated Ni, Fe, and Mn according to the Irving‐William order. Electrochemically active Fe is operated to accompany Mn, and zero‐strain Ni is modulated to enrich at the surface, synergistically mitigating with the enrichment and release of stress and then significantly improving the structural stability. Furthermore, unconventional energy coupling effect, a fusion of the electrochemical behavior between FeLS and MnHS, is triggered by the confined element distribution, leading to the enhanced electrochemical stability and anti‐polarization ability. Consequently, the NFM‐PB demonstrates superior rate performance and cycling stability. These findings further exploit potentialities of the adjustable composition property and provide new insights into the component design engineering for advanced PBAs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing novel anodes with outstanding fast‐charging properties is crucial for next‐generation energy storage research. Sb2S3 materials are deemed promising electrodes due to their high theoretical specific capacity. However, they are restricted by sluggish bulk‐phase kinetics, bringing about inferior electronic conductivity at high current density. In this work, the cable‐like SS@C‐x anodes are successfully prepared via the thermal‐chemical treatment method. Through the tailoring of habit modifiers, their unique core–shell architectures are induced with (hk1) preferential planes and the construction of S‐defects, accompanied by lowered energy barriers. Meanwhile, assisted by C─S and C─O─Sb bonds, the charge accumulation on the surface can be rapidly released toward the bulk phase. As expected, for the as‐optimized samples, the capacity of 603.7 mAh g−1 can remain after 100 cycles at 1.0 A g−1. Even at 10.0 A g−1, their superior capacity of 436.1 mAh g−1 can be noted, and it still displayed the reversible capacity of 479 mAh g−1 at −5 °C. Assisted by kinetic analysis, the great electrochemical properties mainly come from the reduced migration energy barriers and accelerated Li+ diffusion rates. Given this, the work is expected to shed light on crystal orientation tuning and defect engineering for advanced metal‐based energy storage materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unstable Zn interface with serious detrimental parasitic side‐reactions and uncontrollable Zn dendrites severely plagues the practical application of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries. The interface stability was closely related to the electrolyte configuration and Zn2+ depositional behavior. In this work, a unique Zn‐ion anchoring strategy is originally proposed to manipulate the coordination structure of solvated Zn‐ions and guide the Zn‐ion depositional behavior. Specifically, the amphoteric charged ion additives (denoted as DM), which act as zinc‐ion anchors, can tightly absorb on the Zn surface to guide the uniform zinc‐ion distribution by using its positively charged −NR4+ groups. While the negatively charged −SO3− groups of DM on the other hand, reduces the active water molecules within solvation sheaths of Zn‐ions. Benefiting from the special synergistic effect, Zn metal exhibits highly ordered and compact (002) Zn deposition and negligible side‐reactions. As a result, the advanced Zn||Zn symmetric cell delivers extraordinarily 7000 hours long lifespan (0.25 mA cm−2, 0.25 mAh cm−2). Additionally, based on this strategy, the NH4V4O10||Zn pouch‐cell with low negative/positive capacity ratio (N/P ratio=2.98) maintains 80.4 % capacity retention for 180 cycles. A more practical 4 cm*4 cm sized pouch‐cell could be steadily cycled in a high output capacity of 37.0 mAh over 50 cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unstable Zn interface with serious detrimental parasitic side‐reactions and uncontrollable Zn dendrites severely plagues the practical application of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries. The interface stability was closely related to the electrolyte configuration and Zn2+ depositional behavior. In this work, a unique Zn‐ion anchoring strategy is originally proposed to manipulate the coordination structure of solvated Zn‐ions and guide the Zn‐ion depositional behavior. Specifically, the amphoteric charged ion additives (denoted as DM), which act as zinc‐ion anchors, can tightly absorb on the Zn surface to guide the uniform zinc‐ion distribution by using its positively charged −NR4+ groups. While the negatively charged −SO3− groups of DM on the other hand, reduces the active water molecules within solvation sheaths of Zn‐ions. Benefiting from the special synergistic effect, Zn metal exhibits highly ordered and compact (002) Zn deposition and negligible side‐reactions. As a result, the advanced Zn||Zn symmetric cell delivers extraordinarily 7000 hours long lifespan (0.25 mA cm−2, 0.25 mAh cm−2). Additionally, based on this strategy, the NH4V4O10||Zn pouch‐cell with low negative/positive capacity ratio (N/P ratio=2.98) maintains 80.4 % capacity retention for 180 cycles. A more practical 4 cm*4 cm sized pouch‐cell could be steadily cycled in a high output capacity of 37.0 mAh over 50 cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electric eel is known as the most powerful creature to generate electricity with a discharge voltage up to 860 V and peak current up to 1 A. These surprising properties are the results of billions of years of evolution on the electrical biological structure and bulk, and now have triggered great research interest in electric eel biomimetics for designing innovated configurations and components of energy storage and conversion devices. In this review, first, the bioelectrical behavior of electric eels is surveyed, followed by the physiological structure to reveal the discharge characteristics and principles of electric organs and electrocytes. Additionally, underlying electrochemical mechanisms and models for calculating the potential and current of electrocytes are presented. Central to this review is the recent progress of electric‐eel‐inspired innovations and applications for energy storage and conversion, particularly including novel power sources, triboelectric nanogenerators, and nanochannel ion‐selective membranes for salinity gradient energy harvesting. Finally, insights on the challenges at the moment and the perspectives on the future research prospects are critically compiled. It is suggested that energy‐related electric eel biomimetics will greatly boost the development of next‐generation high performance, green, and functional electronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Direct regeneration is an effective strategy of spent lithium iron phosphate (S-LFP), with the principal aspect being the selection of the lithium source and reductant. Here, assisted with a thermodynamically favourable reaction involving a bifunctional organic lithium salt (lithium citrate), the single-step regeneration of S-LFP is successfully achieved. The structure and composition of the regenerated LFP are significantly restored, demonstrating excellent electrochemical performance (142.7 mA h g−1) with no degradation after 200 cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Garnet solid‐state electrolyte Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12 (LLZTO) holds significant promise. However, the practical utilization has been seriously impeded by the poor contact of Li|garnet and electron leakage. Herein, one new type of garnet‐based solid‐state battery is proposed with high performance through the disparity in interfacial energy, induced by the reaction between trace fluorinated carbon dots (FCDs) and Li. The work of adhesion of Li|garnet is increased by the acquired Li‐FCD composite, which facilitates an intimate Li|garnet interface with the promoted uniform Li+ deposition, revealed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. It is further validated that a concentrated C−Li2O−LiF component at the Li|garnet interface is spontaneously constructed, due to the significant disparity in interfacial energy between C−Li2O−LiF|LLZTO and C−Li2O−LiF|Li. Furthermore, The electron transport and Li dendrites penetration are effectively hindered by the formed Li2O and LiF. The Li‐FCD|LLZTO|Li‐FCD symmetrical cells demonstrate stable cycling performance for over 3000 hours at 0.3 mA cm−2 and 800 hours at 0.5 mA cm−2. Furthermore, the LFP|garnet|Li‐FCD full cell exhibits remarkable cycling performance (91.6 % capacity retention after 500 cycles at 1 C). Our research has revealed a novel approach to establish a dendrite‐free Li|garnet interface, laying the groundwork for future advancements in garnet‐based solid‐state batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Garnet solid‐state electrolyte Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12 (LLZTO) holds significant promise. However, the practical utilization has been seriously impeded by the poor contact of Li|garnet and electron leakage. Herein, one new type of garnet‐based solid‐state battery is proposed with high performance through the disparity in interfacial energy, induced by the reaction between trace fluorinated carbon dots (FCDs) and Li. The work of adhesion of Li|garnet is increased by the acquired Li‐FCD composite, which facilitates an intimate Li|garnet interface with the promoted uniform Li+ deposition, revealed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. It is further validated that a concentrated C−Li2O−LiF component at the Li|garnet interface is spontaneously constructed, due to the significant disparity in interfacial energy between C−Li2O−LiF|LLZTO and C−Li2O−LiF|Li. Furthermore, The electron transport and Li dendrites penetration are effectively hindered by the formed Li2O and LiF. The Li‐FCD|LLZTO|Li‐FCD symmetrical cells demonstrate stable cycling performance for over 3000 hours at 0.3 mA cm−2 and 800 hours at 0.5 mA cm−2. Furthermore, the LFP|garnet|Li‐FCD full cell exhibits remarkable cycling performance (91.6 % capacity retention after 500 cycles at 1 C). Our research has revealed a novel approach to establish a dendrite‐free Li|garnet interface, laying the groundwork for future advancements in garnet‐based solid‐state batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Garnet solid state electrolytes (SSEs) have emerged as propitious candidates for solid‐state batteries (SSBs) with exceptional ionic conductivity and excellent (electro)chemical stability. However, the Li|garnet interface contact deterioration still remains a major challenge resulting in Li dendrite propagation. Herein, a method is proposed to strengthen the adhesion of garnet SSE and Li by incorporating Sr3N2 into the Li metal. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the interfacial formation energy of Li|garnet is decreased by the obtained Li‐Sr‐N (LSN) composite, which can enable a shift from poor contact to intimate bonding at the Li|garnet interface and a homogenous Li+ flux as well as electric field distribution. Simultaneously, the produced Li3N and LiSrN, which are known for their strong Li adsorption affinity and rapid Li+ transfer kinetics, actively govern the Li plating process. Thereby this rational design brings a notable reduction in interfacial impedance (4.5 Ω cm2), along with the increased critical current density (1.3 mA cm−2) and enhanced cycle stability (1200 h at 0.3 mA cm−2). Furthermore, The LFP|garnet|LSN full cell has demonstrated remarkable cycling performance (95.9% capacity retention after 200 cycles at 1 C) and favorable rate capability (150.2 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C and 134.9 mAh g−1 at 1 C). The research provides a new sight into lithium modification that can restrain Li|garnet interface deterioration and lay the groundwork for future advancements in high‐performance garnet‐ based SSBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Captured by relatively low energy consumption and harmful gas‐emission, direct regeneration has captured numerous attention, but still suffers from different particle sizes and diverse doping hetero‐elements, hardly meeting the market demand. Herein, assisted by the crush‐sinter regeneration from element to grain further to particle, homogenized recovery of hetero spent LiCoO2 is successfully carried out. More interestingly, after tailoring Li/Co anti‐sites ratio, the redox activity of Co‐ions is remarkably enhanced, effectively inhibiting the irreversible escape of O‐atoms under high voltage, bringing about the fascinating electrochemical performance and structural stability. As anticipated, the regenerated LiCoO2 delivered a considerable capacity of 175.2 mAh g−1 at 1.0 C, whilst its capacity retention can remain at 88.86% even after 500 cycles at 5.0 C, better than that of commercial materials. Assembling regenerated materials versus. graphite pouch cell, their considerable practical capacity retention can be kept at ≈91.4% even after 500 cycles. Supported by in situ XRD, electronic structure analysis, and detailed DFT calculations, the excellent high voltage stability of optimized samples mainly comes from the alleviating of phase conversion and oxygen redox. This work is expected to shed light on the potential value of homogenized regenerations, and offer effective strategies of upcycling about spent LCO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fast‐charging ability of sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) is mainly determined by a highly effective redox reaction rate. However, traditional metal@carbon composites rarely achieve atom‐level dispersion at high density, resulting in poor reaction rates. Herein, supported by the introduction of carbon vacancies, abundant C─S/C─O chemical bonds are successfully established in a carbon carrier. Then, plenty of Sb single atoms (Sb SA/PC) are first anchored with a high loading of 31.4 wt%, achieving a high yield of 210.56 g per batch. Benefiting from dense Sb─O─C/Sb─S─C interfacial chemical bonds, Sb─S2O coordination configurations are firmly confined in the interior of carbon. Surprisingly, the conductivity of Sb SA/PC‐2 is approximately 2.2 × 107 times greater than that of pristine Sb2S3. Consequently, Sb SA/PC‐2 exhibits ultrahigh fast‐charging capability (201.7 mAh g−1 at 20.0 A g−1) and ultralong cycling life (364.4 mAh g−1 at 5.0 A g−1 after 5000 cycles). Theoretical calculations reveal that the fast‐charging capability can be attributed to the low migration barrier and increased number of active sites. Moreover, owing to the structural integrity of Sb single atoms, phase separation is effectively inhibited. This work is anticipated to open an avenue toward designing advanced electrode materials for ultrafast‐charging SIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mitochondria are essential for a diverse array of biological functions. There is increasing research focus on developing efficient tools for mitochondria-targeted detection and treatment. BODIPY dyes, known for their structural versatility and excellent spectroscopic properties, are being actively explored in this context. Numerous studies have focused on developing innovative BODIPYs that utilize optical signals for imaging mitochondria. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the progress made in this field, aiming to investigate mitochondria-related biological events. It covers key factors such as design strategies, spectroscopic properties, and cytotoxicity, as well as mechanism to facilitate their future application in organelle imaging and targeted therapy. This work is anticipated to provide valuable insights for guiding future development and facilitating further investigation into mitochondria-related biological sensing and phototherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assembly accuracy is an important index for measuring the assembly quality of a rudder system, which determines the attitude control accuracy of aircraft to a certain extent. In addition, the fit clearance between parts is an important factor affecting assembly accuracy. The manufacturing errors and assembly deformations of parts in the assembly process are the main factors that affect the fitting clearances. To reveal the effect of the fitting clearances on the assembly accuracy of a rudder system, this study focuses on a method for establishing an assembly accuracy prediction model that comprehensively considers the fitting clearances of the components. First, based on the small displacement torsor theory and homogeneous coordinate transformation theory, the error characterisation method and the system error transfer accumulation model construction method are studied. Second, the error models of plane and cylindrical features are constructed according to the error characterisation method. Third, the method of obtaining the actual fitting clearance of the fit surface by the least square method is studied, and the system assembly accuracy prediction model considering the fitting clearance factors of parts is constructed. Finally, taking a certain type of rudder system as an example, the assembly accuracy prediction model is analysed and verified. The results show that the existence of a fitting clearance in the assembly process leads to a lag in the deflection phase of the rudder system, and the deflection angle error at the end of the system can be 0.0139°. Therefore, the influence of fitting clearance on the assembly accuracy of the rudder system cannot be ignored. The method presented provides theoretical and technical support for the optimisation design and performance prediction of rudder systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Niobium oxides have fascinated numerous interests for ultrafast sodium‐ion batteries due to their impressive stability, fast pseudocapacitive kinetics, and high safety features. However, the poor intrinsic electronic conductivity and unrevealed mechanisms largely limit their further applications. Here, inspired by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the introduction of conductor heterostructure (Nb2O5/NbSe2) can largely decrease the bulk phase inserted energy of Na+ from 9.88 to −3.54 eV, as well as promote the delocalization of electron, greatly improving the electrical conductivity of Nb2O5. As expected, the as‐obtained orthorhombic niobium pentoxide (T‐Nb2O5‐x‐NbSe2@C) delivers a high conductivity of 3.69 S cm−1, exhibiting a great improvement of four orders magnitude than that of the parent Nb2O5 (1.87 × 10−4 S cm−1). Impressively, T‐Nb2O5‐x‐NbSe2@C possesses a high reversible capacity of 249 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, as well as excellent rate performance of 63 mAh g−1 at 5.0 A g−1, nearly twins the capacity of parent porous Nb2O5. Furthermore, the periodic evolutions of the main peaks for targeted electrodes during repeated charging/discharging processes have been further revealed by in situ XRD, demonstrating a highly reversible inserted/extracted storage mechanism of Na+. This work provides a novel method to improve the conductivity of materials by constructing conductor heterojunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] Na 4 Fe 3 (PO 4) 2 (P 2 O 7) (NFPP) is currently drawing increased attention as a sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) cathode due to the cost-effective and NASICON-type structure features. Owing to the sluggish electron and Na+ conductivities, however, its real implementation is impeded by the grievous capacity decay and inferior rate capability. Herein, multivalent cation substituted microporous Na 3.9 Fe 2.9 Al 0.1 (PO 4) 2 (P 2 O 7) (NFAPP) with wide operation-temperature is elaborately designed through regulating structure/interface coupled electron/ion transport. Greatly, the derived Na vacancy and charge rearrangement induced by trivalent Al3+ substitution lower the ions diffusion barriers, thereby endowing faster electron transport and Na+ mobility. More importantly, the existing Al—O—P bonds strengthen the local environment and alleviate the volume vibration during (de)sodiation, enabling highly reversible valence variation and structural evolution. As a result, remarkable cyclability (over 10,000 loops), ultrafast rate capability (200 C), and exceptional all-climate stability (−40–60 °C) in half/full cells are demonstrated. Given this, the rational work might provide an actionable strategy to promote the electrochemical property of NFPP, thus unveiling the great application prospect of sodium iron mixed phosphate materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) are promising candidates for grid‐energy storage due to their safety and cost‐effectiveness. However, the detrimental hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and dendrite growth on Zn‐metal anodes severely limit their applications. Herein, trace hydrophobic hyamine (HQA, 0.78 mmol L−1) is introduced as an electrolyte additive to improve the electrochemical performance of the Zn anode. Experiments and theoretical calculations revealed that cationic HQA can preferentially adsorb onto the anode surface to inhibit the HER and promote the uniform distribution of Zn ions by forming a water‐lean electric double layer (EDL). Moreover, the oriented adsorption of HQA induced exposure of the Zn (002) plane and prevented dendrite growth. Therefore, the symmetric cells using the HQA‐containing electrolyte exhibited stable cycle performance for more than 1600 h. Even at a high‐density current of 5 mA cm−2, it has a high cumulative capacity of 3250 mAh cm−2. It exhibited an excellent deep‐discharge performance (80%) with a stable cycle for 175 h. The Zn||NH4V4O10 full cell exhibited a high specific capacity and cycle stability at 4.0 A g−1 due to the excellent reversibility of Zn anode. These results provide a new and low‐cost approach for electrolyte design and EDL optimization of high‐performance zinc‐ion batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The utilization rate of active sites in cathode materials for Zn‐based batteries is a key factor determining the reversible capacities. However, a long‐neglected issue of the strong electrostatic repulsions among divalent Zn2+ in hosts inevitably causes the squander of some active sites (i.e. gap sites). Herein, we address this conundrum by unraveling the "gap‐filling" mechanism of multiple charge carriers in aqueous Zn‐MoS2 batteries. The tailored MoS2/(reduced graphene quantum dots) hybrid features an ultra‐large interlayer spacing (2.34 nm), superior electrical conductivity/hydrophilicity, and robust layered structure, demonstrating highly reversible NH4+/Zn2+/H+ co‐insertion/extraction chemistry in the 1 M ZnSO4+0.5 M (NH4)2SO4 aqueous electrolyte. The NH4+ and H+ ions can act as gap fillers to fully utilize the active sites and screen electrostatic interactions to accelerate the Zn2+ diffusion. Thus, unprecedentedly high rate capability (439.5 and 104.3 mAh g−1 at 0.1 and 30 A g−1, respectively) and ultra‐long cycling life (8000 cycles) are achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The utilization rate of active sites in cathode materials for Zn‐based batteries is a key factor determining the reversible capacities. However, a long‐neglected issue of the strong electrostatic repulsions among divalent Zn2+ in hosts inevitably causes the squander of some active sites (i.e. gap sites). Herein, we address this conundrum by unraveling the "gap‐filling" mechanism of multiple charge carriers in aqueous Zn‐MoS2 batteries. The tailored MoS2/(reduced graphene quantum dots) hybrid features an ultra‐large interlayer spacing (2.34 nm), superior electrical conductivity/hydrophilicity, and robust layered structure, demonstrating highly reversible NH4+/Zn2+/H+ co‐insertion/extraction chemistry in the 1 M ZnSO4+0.5 M (NH4)2SO4 aqueous electrolyte. The NH4+ and H+ ions can act as gap fillers to fully utilize the active sites and screen electrostatic interactions to accelerate the Zn2+ diffusion. Thus, unprecedentedly high rate capability (439.5 and 104.3 mAh g−1 at 0.1 and 30 A g−1, respectively) and ultra‐long cycling life (8000 cycles) are achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The uneven zinc‐ion flux and interfacial contact between the anode and electrolyte trigger malignant dendrites and byproducts, significantly hindering the practical application of zinc‐metal batteries. Herein, a H‐bonded supramolecular organic framework (HSOF) is proposed to help regulate Zn2+ flux and stabilize interfacial chemistry. The self‐assembled supermolecule structures by in‐plane H‐bond networks firmly trap water molecules to assist Zn2+ de‐solvation and block interfacial corrosion. The abundant polar groups provide strong guidance for Zn2+ distribution, ensuring homogeneous, and rapid ion transport‐deposition kinetics. Meanwhile, the π–π stacked space‐layout structure affords preferred Zn(002) plane stacking for smooth and flat growth. Benefiting from these advantages, the HSOFs are employed on Zn surface for interfacial adjustment and on separator decoration for spatial manipulation, successfully realizing an overall "interface‐space" dual‐regulation effect. It delivers over 3000 h for the HSOF@Zn anode in symmetric cell and up to 5000 h for HSOF‐decorated separator in Zn||Zn symmetric cell, respectively. The HSOF@Zn||V2O5 full cell with the HSOF‐decorated separator demonstrates enhanced capacity retention of 92.7% after 2500 cycles at 5 A g−1. The full cell can be easily scaled up into a pouch cell, which still has a capacity retention rate of 94% after 1000 cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antimony（Sb） has high theoretical specific capacity and moderate reaction potential, but poor cycling stability and rate performance caused by large volume expansion and sluggish reaction kinetics limit its development in alkali‐ion batteries. The construction of carbon/Sb composites can solve this problem, but the traditional single carbon composite and poor Sb/carbon interface have limited promotion. Here, under the guidance of theoretical calculations, a strategy of hierarchical double carbon composite is proposed to enhance the performance of Sb anode, and systematically reveal the lithium/sodium ions (Li+/Na+) storage mechanism of Sb in complex composite system. Sb nanoparticles (Sb NPs) are encapsulated in carbon sphere matrix with strong interfacial chemical bond to form the first level composite material, and then the highly conductive and mechanically strong graphene is used as a three‐dimensional skeleton network to connect the first level composite to form the second level composite material. The hierarchical double carbon/Sb composite exhibits excellent rate (228 mAh g−1 @ 20 A g−1) and long cycling performance (373.7 mAh g−1 @ 2 A g−1 after 2200 cycles, capacity retention of 93.1%). This work may expand structural design and interface regulation of Sb/C composites and providing theoretical guidance for metal anodes development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wadsley‐Roth niobium oxide phases have attracted extensive research interest recently as promising battery anodes. We have synthesized the niobium‐molybdenum oxide shear phase (Nb, Mo)13O33 with superior electrochemical Li‐ion storage performance, including an ultralong cycling lifespan of at least 15000 cycles. During electrochemical cycling, a reversible single‐phase solid‐solution reaction with lithiated intermediate solid solutions is demonstrated using in situ X‐ray diffraction, with the valence and short‐range structural changes of the electrode probed by in situ Nb and Mo K‐edge X‐ray absorption spectroscopy. This work reveals that the superior stability of niobium molybdenum oxides is underpinned by changes in octahedral distortion during electrochemical reactions, and we report an in‐depth understanding of how this stabilizes the oxide structure during cycling with implications for future long‐life battery material design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wadsley‐Roth niobium oxide phases have attracted extensive research interest recently as promising battery anodes. We have synthesized the niobium‐molybdenum oxide shear phase (Nb, Mo)13O33 with superior electrochemical Li‐ion storage performance, including an ultralong cycling lifespan of at least 15000 cycles. During electrochemical cycling, a reversible single‐phase solid‐solution reaction with lithiated intermediate solid solutions is demonstrated using in situ X‐ray diffraction, with the valence and short‐range structural changes of the electrode probed by in situ Nb and Mo K‐edge X‐ray absorption spectroscopy. This work reveals that the superior stability of niobium molybdenum oxides is underpinned by changes in octahedral distortion during electrochemical reactions, and we report an in‐depth understanding of how this stabilizes the oxide structure during cycling with implications for future long‐life battery material design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comprehensive Summary: Rationally developing efficient and durable bifunctional catalysts toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is critical for rechargeable zinc‐air batteries (ZABs). Herein, a bead‐like CoSe2@NC@NCNFs bifunctional catalyst was designed and fabricated by confining cubic CoSe2 nanoparticles to three‐dimensional (3D) porous MOFs‐derived nitrogen‐doped carbon (NC) and one‐dimensional (1D) N‐doped carbon nanofibers (NCNFs) through a facile encapsulate strategy. The 1D/3D continuous network structure contributes to the improvement of specific surface area and electronic conductivity, while the strong synergistic effect between CoSe2 sites and Co‐Nx‐C sites can effectively enhance electron/mass transfer and reduce the diffusion resistance. The as‐constructed CoSe2@NC@NCNFs catalyst exhibits high catalytic activity and stability toward ORR/OER with a high half‐wave potential of 0.80 V (vs. RHE) in ORR and a low overpotential of 280 mV at 10 mA·cm−2 in OER. More encouragingly, the rechargeable ZABs with CoSe2@NC@NCNFs cathode deliver high peak power densities (126.8 mW·cm−2), large specific capacities (763.1 mA·h·g−1), and robust charge‐discharge cycling stability over 240 cycles. This study provides a facile strategy for designing efficient bifunctional catalysts for rechargeable energy conversion applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Captured by the remarkable environmental/economic value, recycling spent LiFePO4 has attracted numerous attention. However, restricted by diverse failure mechanisms and different particle‐sizes/active‐sites, recycling strategies still suffer from uneven repairing results and poor accessibility. For promoting their application in commercial systems, the uniform physical‐chemical properties are urgent for regenerated samples. Herein, by tailoring oxidation‐reduction manners, the homogeneous cathode materials can be prepared, displaying uniform particle size and restored lattice. The capacity of as‐optimized samples can be kept ≈141.5 mAh g−1 at 1.0 C, and 137 mAh g−1 with a retention of 92% after 300 cycles at 2.0 C. After Kg‐scale experiments, the pouch full‐cell (LFP‐500 vs recovered graphite) delivers ≈4200 mAh capacity, with considerable cycling stability (retention 96.83%, after 500 loops). Importantly, the detailed mechanism of oxidation/reduction‐conditions is investigated, especially their lattice reconstitution and ions‐ diffusion behaviors. Supported by kinetic analysis and DFT calculations, the fascinating stability of LFP‐500 is further proved, mainly derived from the accelerated Li‐diffusion behaviors. Compared to traditional recovering manners, oxidation/reduction process displays low cost, energy‐consumption, and pollution, accompanied with considerable large‐scale application potential. Given this, this work is anticipated to illustrate the in‐depth mechanism of lattice‐reconstruction, while offering significant strategies for large‐scale and homogenized regeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hard carbon (HC) is widely regarded as the most promising anode material for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). For improving the sodium storage capacity of HC anode, current research primarily focuses on the high‐voltage slope region. Actually, increasing the storage capability in the low‐voltage plateau region is more important for enhancing the energy density of full cells. Therefore, in this study, HC anode with rich closed pore structure is designed and constructed with the help of carbon dots (CDs), and it is demonstrated that the presence of closed pore structure can provide more sodium storage sites in the plateau region, resulting in an obvious increase of sodium storage capacity. Moreover, the pore‐filling and intercalation mechanism for sodium storage in plateau region is revealed by in situ Raman spectroscopy and ex situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It is worth noting that the increase in capacity induced by closed pore‐filling is not accompanied by a decrease in initial coulombic efficiency (ICE), due to the fact that the introduction of closed pores does not increase the contact area between electrode and electrolyte. This work presents novel concepts for the structural design of HC and provides valuable insights into the effective utilization of plateau region in SIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Designing Sb/carbon composite is an effective strategy to enhance the cycle stability and rate capability of Sb anodes for sodium ion batteries. However, the introduction of carbon often leads to a loss in specific capacity and initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE). In this work, a new perspective is adopted by focusing on improving the "sloping capacity" contribution of carbon (C) in Sb/C composites, rather than solely increasing the platform capacity of Sb as traditionally done. Theoretical predictions indicate that constructing Sb/C composites with high Sb and carbon interfacial areas can provide more Na adsorption sites, thus enhancing the "sloping capacity" of amorphous carbon. Guided by DFT, a rational Sb/C/NSCDs‐2(N) is successfully developed by self‐embedding Sb nanodots into 2D‐amorphous carbon sheets doped with N/S. Sb/C/NSCDs‐2(N) exhibits abundant Sb/carbon interfacial areas and excellent nanoscale effects, demonstrating ideal electrochemical sodium storage performances. Impressively, the Sb/C/NSCDs‐2(N) provides a "sloping capacity" close to 160 mAh g−1. Significantly, owing to the fact that these interfaces and defects are not in direct contact with the electrolyte, the side reaction of electrolyte is effectively inhibited, leading to no decrease of ICE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]