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The escalating challenge of municipal solid waste (MSW) critically tests the sustainable development capacities of urban centers. In response, China initiated pilot policies in 2017 aimed at bolstering MSW management. The effectiveness of these initiatives, however, necessitates empirical scrutiny. This study leverages panel data spanning 95 cities at the prefectural level or higher, covering the period from 2006 to 2020, to assess the impact of the MSW sorting pilot policy on urban sustainable development using a difference-in-differences approach. The research found that the MSW sorting pilot policy has significantly increased the processing volume of MSW, thereby enhancing the sustainable development capabilities of cities. Further, the study identifies augmented fixed asset investments as a key mechanism through which pilot cities have enhanced their MSW management capabilities. Notably, the policy's stimulative effects are more pronounced in less densely populated and economically lagging regions. These findings provide critical insights for developing nations in shaping MSW sorting strategies and advancing urban sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The inverse halftoning technology refers to restoring a continuous-toned image from a halftoned image with only bi-level pixels. However, recovering the continuous images from their halftoned ones is normally ill-posed, which makes the inverse halftoning algorithm very challenging. In this paper, we propose an optimization model with two alternate projections (TAP) for image inverse halftoning under the weighted nuclear norm minimization (WNNM) framework. The main contributions are twofold. First, the WNNM nonlocal regularization term is established, which offers a powerful mechanism of nonlocal self-similarity to ensure a more reliable estimation. Second, the alternate minimization projections are formulated for solving the image inverse halftoning, which reconstructs the continuous-toned image without destroying the image details and structures. The experimental results showed that the proposed method outperformed the state of the arts in terms of both objective measurements and subjective visual performance. The codes and constructed models are available at: https://github.com/juneryoung2022/IH-WNNM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

P2P lending is an important part of Internet finance, which is popular among users because of its efficiency, low cost, wide range, and ease of operation. The problem of predicting loan defaults is affected by many factors, such as the linear and nonlinear nature of the data itself and time dependence and multiple external factors, which have not been well captured in the previous work. In this paper, we propose a multiattention mechanism to capture the different effects of various time slices and various external factors on the results, introduce ARIMA and LSTM to capture the linear and nonlinear characteristics of the lending data respectively, and establish a Time Series Multiattention Prediction Model (MAT-ALSTM) based on LSTM and ARIMA. This paper uses the Lending Club dataset from the United States to prove that our model is superior to ANN, SVM, LSTM, GRU, and ARIMA models in the prediction effect of MAE, RMSE, and DA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adversarial training (AT) has been demonstrated to be effective in improving model robustness by leveraging adversarial examples for training. However, most AT methods are in face of expensive time and computational cost for calculating gradients at multiple steps in generating adversarial examples. To boost training efficiency, fast gradient sign method (FGSM) is adopted in fast AT methods by calculating gradient only once. Unfortunately, the robustness is far from satisfactory. One reason may arise from the initialization fashion. Existing fast AT generally uses a random sample-agnostic initialization, which facilitates the efficiency yet hinders a further robustness improvement. Up to now, the initialization in fast AT is still not extensively explored. In this paper, focusing on image classification, we boost fast AT with a sample-dependent adversarial initialization, i.e., an output from a generative network conditioned on a benign image and its gradient information from the target network. As the generative network and the target network are optimized jointly in the training phase, the former can adaptively generate an effective initialization with respect to the latter, which motivates gradually improved robustness. Experimental evaluations on four benchmark databases demonstrate the superiority of our proposed method over state-of-the-art fast AT methods, as well as comparable robustness to advanced multi-step AT methods. The code is released at https://github.com//jiaxiaojunQAQ//FGSM-SDI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contrastive language-image pre-trained (CLIP) models have zero-shot ability of classifying an image belonging to " [ CLASS ] " by using similarity between the image and the prompt sentence "a [ CONTEXT ] of [ CLASS ] ". Based on exhaustive text cues in " [ CONTEXT ] ", CLIP model is aware of different contexts, e.g. background, style, viewpoint, and exhibits unprecedented robustness against a wide range of distribution shifts. However, recent works find further fine-tuning of CLIP models improves accuracy but sacrifices the robustness on downstream tasks. We conduct an empirical investigation to show fine-tuning will corrupt the context-aware ability of pre-trained CLIP features. To solve this problem, we propose Context-Aware Robust Fine-tuning (CAR-FT). CAR-FT regularizes the model during fine-tuning to capture the context information. Specifically, we use zero-shot prompt weights to get the context distribution contained in the image. By minimizing the Kullback–Leibler divergence (KLD) between context distributions induced by original/fine-tuned CLIP models, CAR-FT makes the context-aware ability of CLIP inherited into downstream tasks, and achieves both higher in-distribution (ID) and out-of-distribution (OOD) accuracy. The experimental results show CAR-FT achieves superior robustness on five OOD test datasets of ImageNet, and meanwhile brings accuracy gains on nine downstream tasks. Additionally, CAR-FT surpasses previous domain generalization (DG) methods and gets 78.5% averaged accuracy on DomainBed benchmark, building the new state-of-the-art. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a meta-analytic review that evaluated the overall strengths and problems in functioning in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients. Topics include the findings that effect sizes were not affected by arthritis subtype, gender or age as well as pain belief content emerging as a significant moderator. Also mentioned are problems in functioning that include functional impairment, affective distress and pain severity as well as content theme of belief indices.

The continuous variable multicolor entangled state of optical modes is one of the essential quantum resources for constructing quantum information networks composed of many nodes and channels. It has been well proved that the cascaded nondegenerate optical parametric oscillators (CNOPOs) are the most successful devices to produce bright entangled optical beams with different wavelengths. Here, we discuss the dependence of the possibly obtained largest-size multicolor entangled state and the entanglement degree on optical parameters of CNOPOs. Each NOPO in the cascaded system is operated above its oscillation threshold. One of two output optical beams produced by a NOPO is used for the pump light of the subsequent one, and the remained another beam serves as a submode of the multicolor entangled state. The obtainable maximal number of entangled submodes and the multicolor entanglement degree are numerically calculated under experimentally accessible conditions. The calculated results provide direct references for the design of generation systems of multicolor entangled optical beams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Entangled states of light including low-loss optical fiber transmission and atomic resonance frequencies are essential resources for future quantum information networks. We present the experimental achievement on the three-color entanglement generation at 852, 1550, and 1440 nm wavelengths for optical continuous variables. The entanglement generation system consists of two cascaded nondegenerated optical parametric oscillators (NOPOs). The flexible selectivity of nonlinear crystals in the two NOPOs and the tunable property of NOPO provide large freedom for the frequency selection of three entangled optical beams. The presented system will hopefully be developed as a practical entangled source to be used in quantum-information networks with atomic storage units and long fiber transmission lines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The key role of the hypothalamic neuropeptides orexins in maintenance and promotion of arousal has been well established in normal mammalian animals, but whether orexins exert arousal effects under pathological condition such as coma was little studied. In this study, a model of unconscious rats induced by acute alcohol intoxication was used to examine the effects of orexins through intracerebroventricular injection. The results revealed that either orexin A or orexin B induced decrease of duration of loss of right reflex in alcohol-induced unconscious rats. In the presence of the selective orexin receptor 1 antagonist SB 334867 and orexin receptor 2 antagonist TCS OX2 29, the excitatory action of orexin A was completely blocked. Our data further presented that orexin A also induced reduction of delta power in EEG in these rats. Single-unit recording experiment in vivo demonstrated that orexin A could evoke increase of firing activity of prefrontal cortex neurons in unconscious rats. This excitation was completely inhibited by an H1 receptor antagonist, pyrilamine, whereas application of α1-adrenoreceptor antagonist prazosin or 5-HT2 selective receptor antagonist ritanserin partially attenuated the excitatory effects of orexin A on these neurons. Consistently, the results of EEG recordings showed that microinjection of pyrilamine, prazosin, or ritanserin suppressed reduction of delta power in EEG induced by orexin A on unconscious rats. Thus, these data suggest that orexins exert arousal effects on alcohol-induced unconscious rats by the promotion of cortical activity through activation of histaminergic, noradrenergic and serotonergic systems. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled ‘Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder’. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A compact and portable multi-purpose non-classical light source (volume about 300×400×500 mm3) has been designed and built. A laser diode-pumped intracavity frequency-doubled Nd:YAP/KTP laser and a semi-monolithic non-degenerate optical parametric oscillator (NOPO) are closely integrated on an invar steel base. Above the oscillation threshold of the NOPO (∼3 mW), the twin beams with an intensity quantum correlation of 5.9 dB were obtained; when a signal of subharmonic wave, which is out of phase to the pump field, was injected into the NOPO, bright two-mode quadrature amplitude-squeezed light of 2.1 dB and an EPR beam with amplitude anticorrelation and phase correlation was produced at a pump power of milliwatt order. The features of compactness, portablility, low pump threshold, and versatility make the device useful for developing practical non-classical light sources. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Background: Objectively measured differences in physical activity (PA) and sleep have been documented among people with osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared to non-arthritic controls. However, it is not clear whether OA and RA subgroups also differ on these indexes or the extent to which distinct arthritis subgroups versus controls can be accurately identified on the basis of objective PA and sleep indexes compared to self-report responses on questionnaires. This study addressed these gaps.Methods: This case-control study comprised Chinese adults with OA (N = 40) or RA (N = 40) diagnoses based on physician assessments as well as a control group of adults without chronic pain (N = 40). All participants wore a Sensewear Armband (SWA) for consecutive 7 days and completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form-Chinese as well as Pittsburgh Sleep Diary to obtain objective and subjective PA and sleep data, respectively.Results: There were no differences between the three groups on any self-report indexes of PA or sleep. Conversely, OA and RA subgroups displayed significantly lower PA levels and more sleep problems than controls did on a majority of SWA indexes, though arthritis subgroups were not differentiated from one another on these measures. Logistic regression analyses indicated four non-multicollinear SWA indexes (i.e., steps, active energy expenditure, vigorous activity, time awake after sleep onset) correctly identified the subgroup membership of 75.0-82.5% of participants with RA or OA while classification accuracy results were attenuated for controls.Conclusions: Where possible, objective measures should be used to assess PA and sleep of adults with OA and RA while particular self-report PA questionnaires should be used sparingly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Grapevine fabavirus (GFabV) is a novel member of the Fabavirus genus associated with chlorotic mottling and deformation symptoms in grapevines. To gain insights into the interaction between GFabV and grapevines, V. vinifera cv. 'Summer Black' infected with GFabV was investigated under field conditions through physiological, agronomic, and multi-omics approaches. GFabV induced significant symptoms on 'Summer Black', and caused a moderate decrease in physiological efficiency. In GFabV-infected plants, alterations in carbohydrate- and photosynthesis-related genes might trigger some defense responses. In addition, secondary metabolism involved in plant defense was progressively induced by GFabV. Jasmonic acid and ethylene signaling were down-regulated in GFabV-infected leaves and berries along with the expression of proteins related to LRR and protein kinases, suggesting that GFabV can block the defense in healthy leaves and berries. Furthermore, this study provided biomarkers for early monitoring of GFabV infection in grapevines, and contributed to a better understanding of the complex grapevine-virus interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantum dense coding (QDC) provides great potential for high‐capacity quantum communication. However, it is highly demanded for practical applications to realize high‐capacity QDC with multiple coded information. Here, a high‐capacity QDC with multiple streams is reported in different channels simultaneously through frequency‐division multiplexing (FDM). The broadband entangled state is generated from a pair of degenerate optic al parametric amplifiers with short cavity lengths. Based on the resultant broadband entanglement, multiple pieces of information coded using binary phase shift keying (BPSK) are transferred with the FDM method. As an experimental demonstration, four pieces of information composed of pseudo‐random numbers are transmitted at a rate of 4 Mbit s–1 using BPSK encoding. The decoded bit error rate reaches 10−3$ 10^{-3}$, which is an average 35‐fold improvement compared with the classical scheme. Furthermore, it is possible to make full use of sideband resource for four different information by using orthogonal FDM. This scheme can be extended to more different information by directly increasing the FDM sideband subchannels, and opens an avenue to construct high‐capacity quantum communication, while minimizing the cost of quantum resource. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For sophisticated applications, engineers should always consider multi-objective, multi-task or multi-modal problems, especially in the Internet of Things, such as the data fusion of multi-sensor systems, multiple routing problems for automation and convergence control in wireless sensor networks. Normally, utilizing traditional methods costs abundant resources and yields the homogeneous results that fails to satisfy requirements. For the multimodal situation, this paper proposes the dual-biological-community swarm intelligence algorithm based on particle swarm optimization (DBC–PSO), which is combined with the commensal evolution strategy to enhance the convergence ability. This algorithm can split tasks into two communities and guarantee regional changes in information and search accuracy for multimodal problems through a commensal strategy. Moreover, some typical parameters, including the population rate, velocity and radius influence, are considered to study the algorithm performance. The performance is evaluated on 12 well-known multimodal problems, and the simulation is compared with some algorithms that utilize a similar evolutionary approach. The results indicate that the proposed algorithm exhibits strong performance and is very promising for use in more productive work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Shrimp recognition based on smart and small nets of deep learning algorithms is proposed. • Classifier combination idea integrated into ShrimpNets produces well-performance. • The novel smart network model was proved to be efficiently. Traditional shrimp recognition algorithms, based on machine vision, commonly utilize human-designed features, which are heavily dependent on human experience and can be inefficient and inaccurate. A smart deep convolutional neural network, using the improved LeNet-5 structure (ShrimpNet), is proposed to address this problem. Shrimp image segmentation, normalization and data augmentation were initially performed. Given the morphological differences in the external features of shrimp, the LeNet-5 structure was modified into a three-layer parallel structure for efficient matching and identification. A combination classifier strategy was subsequently added into the fully connected layers to strengthen the feature expression in the corresponding classes. Finally, different architectures were explored by shrinking the depth and width to search for effective network structures that could act as alternatives for practical applications and reveal the practical use of ShrimpNet. Experimental results revealed that the smaller model (ShrimpNet-3) could achieve a validation accuracy of 96.84% and a modeling time of 0.47 h for the constructed dataset. Therefore, the proposed method is promising for shrimp classification and quality measurement of production lines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic data include data of various types and characteristics such as macro-data, meso-data, and micro-data. The source of economic data can be the data related to economy held by the National Bureau of statistics and a various software. These multi-source and heterogeneous data have important value for economic analysis and forecasting. Taking into account the limitations of existing methods such as low accuracy and complex calculations, this paper proposes an economic data analysis and prediction method based on machine learning. We use machine learning to solve the data fusion problem in the process of multi-source data analysis and prediction in the economic field. Specifically, we proposes an economic data analysis and forecasting method combining convolutional auto-encoder and extreme gradient boosting algorithms. This method uses a convolutional auto-encoder to extract the data characteristics of the normalized parameter sequence and uses it to train an extreme gradient boosting model to predict the level of economic development and evaluate the importance of each influencing factor. Finally, through a case study, this paper integrates the data of labor force, education and population to forecast GDP. Through the verification of this case, the prediction accuracy of the proposed method is higher than the AE-XGBoost method and CAE-1D-XGBoost method used in this experiment, and the error is kept below 11.7%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives The Arthritis Self-Efficacy Scale (ASES) is a widely used self-report measure of beliefs reflecting confidence in one's capacity to function despite pain and control pain or other symptoms of arthritis. Despite evidence linking higher ASES scores to lower levels of impairment, pain and emotional distress, numerous modest, non-significant associations have also been observed. In this meta-analysis, we evaluated overall associations between ASES scores and adjustment in RA and OA samples as well as potential moderators that may explain the heterogeneity in these associations. Method Data from 48 samples that met all 10 inclusion criteria (N = 9222 patients) were subject to analyses. Results ASES scores had significant medium average effect sizes with functional impairment, pain severity and emotional distress but substantial heterogeneity was evident for each association. ASES–impairment associations were moderated by the diagnosis, ASES version and ASES subscale content: significantly larger effect sizes were found for studies that included RA patients, used the original 20-item ASES and assessed subscale content reflecting the pursuit of daily activities despite pain (i.e. functional self-efficacy) than for studies based exclusively on OA patients, the eight-item ASES and ASES pain control and other symptom subscales. Relations of ASES scores with pain severity and emotional distress were moderated by ASES version and subscale content, respectively. Conclusion The ASES has significant overall associations with key areas of functioning. Moderator analyses of the measure provide empirically grounded suggestions for optimal use of the ASES within OA and RA patient samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The non-measurement based coherent feedback control (CFC) is a control method without introducing any backaction noise into the controlled system, thus is specially suitable to manipulate various quantum optical systems for preparing nonclassical states of light. By simply tuning the transmissivity of an optical controller in a CFC loop attached to a non-degenerate optical parametric amplifier (NOPA), the quantum entanglement degree of the output optical entangled state of the system is improved. At the same time, the threshold pump power of the NOPA is reduced also. The experimental results are in reasonable agreement with the theoretical expectation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For quantum on‐demand storage and retrieval of nonclassical light, the memory noise at shot noise limit is a necessary condition. And an optical filter is widely used to filter out the strong control mode when the signal mode is maintained. Thus we construct and analyze an etalon filter with the planar monolithic geometry. The signal mode resonant with the etalon is selected and the unwanted modes are filtered out by precisely controlling the etalon temperature. The noise suppression factor for control mode is 0.053 while the transmissivity for signal mode is 97% with a fluctuation of 1.7% within 30 min. Our analysis can provide a direct reference for optimizing the performance of quantum memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The use of COOK ® balloon in the process of induction of labor is gradually promoted. This study was conducted to investigate the safety and efficacy of COOK ® double balloon in promoting the maturity of uterine neck, and whether COOK ® double balloon can improve the success rate of induced labor. Methods: A total of 343 pregnant women with full-term pregnancy in Shanghai Putuo Maternity & Infant Health Hospital from January 1st to September 30th of 2016 were enrolled. Of all the pregnant women, 166 had labor induction, which included the use of a COOK ® balloon, the implementation of artificial rupture of membranes (AROM) and oxytocin intravenous (IV) drip (COOK ® group). The other 177 pregnant women with spontaneous rupture of membranes (SROM) and mature cervix only were administrated with oxytocin IV drip to promote regular uterus contraction (oxytocin group). Maternal adverse reactions, mode of delivery and delivery outcomes of two groups were subsequently compared between the two groups. Results: There were significant differences of maternal age (2 8. 2 9 ± 3. 3 4 versus 2 9. 2 5 ± 3. 6 2 years, P = 0. 0 2), gestational age (2 8 3. 4 9 ± 4. 5 3 versus 2 7 4. 7 1 ± 7. 0 4 years, P < 0. 0 0 1) and birth weight (3 4 3 5. 2 7 ± 3 4 0. 2 9 versus 3 3 5 4. 6 3 ± 3 8 7. 9 6 g, P = 0. 0 2) between the COOK ® group and the oxytocin group. There were no significant differences in terms of gravidity, parity, mode of delivery, analgesia, 1 min and 5 min Apgar score, labor time, postpartum hemorrhage, and adverse events. Conclusion: Use of a COOK ® balloon may help in full-term pregnancy for women with immature cervix and to obtain the same pregnancy results as those with mature cervix, without extra occurrence of adverse events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • ZNF580 was increased in neonatal HIBD rats and OGD SH-SY5Y cells model. • The protective effect of ZNF580 in OGD neurons model was explored for the first time. • The molecular mechanism of ZNF580 action was explored with RNA-seq and bioinformatic analysis. • KLF9, IGFBP3, HSPA5 and NTN4 genes were the targets of ZNF580 for inhibiting neuronal apoptosis. Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) is one of the main causes of neonatal acute death and chronic nervous system impairment, but still lacks effective treatments. ZNF580/ZFP580, reported in our previous studies, may be a newly identified member of the Krüppel-like factor (KLF) family, and has anti-apoptotic effects during ischemic myocardial injury. In the present study, we showed that the expression levels of both ZFP580/ZNF580 mRNA and protein increased significantly in neonatal HIBD rats and oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) SH-SY5Y cell models. ZNF580 overexpression promoted neuron survival and suppressed neuron apoptosis after OGD in neuron-like SH-SY5Y cells, while interference with ZNF580 resulted in the opposite results. RNA-seq analysis identified 248 differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) between ZNF580 overexpression SH-SY5Y cells and interference-expressed SH-SY5Y cells. Gene Ontology functional enrichment analysis showed that these DEGs played significant roles in the growth, development, and regeneration of axons, DNA biosynthetic processes, DNA replication, and apoptosis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis indicated that these DEGs were found in some pathways, including ferroptosis, glutamatergic synapses, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, estrogen signaling pathways, the TGF-beta signaling pathway, and the longevity regulating pathway. The qRT-PCR validation results were consistent with RNA-seq results, which showed that HSPA5, IGFBP3, NTN4, and KLF9 increased in ZNF580-overexpressed SH-SY5Y cells and decreased in interference-expressed SH-SY5Y cells, when compared with normal cells. Together, the results suggested that ZNF580 targeted these genes to inhibit neuronal apoptosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What is known and objective: Prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis after total joint arthroplasty (TJA) may not assist in minimizing postoperative complications, however, data based on the Chinese population have been limited. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of antibiotic prophylaxis on postoperative complications after TJA in Chinese patients. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 990 patients undergoing elective primary TJA surgery from January 2016 to June 2019. Patients who received a short course (≤3 days) of antibiotic prophylaxis were compared with those who received a longer course (>3 days). Logistic regression analysis and subgroup analysis were performed to control for potential confounders. Beyond that, survival analysis was used to determine the cumulative incidence of postoperative complications. Results and discussion: Follow‐up to 12 months after surgery, the prevalence of system complications in the longer course group and the short course group were 5.1% and 3.9%, respectively (p = 0.451). Similarly, no statistical differences in incisional complications (1.5% vs. 1.8%, p > 0.999) and periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) (1.0% vs. 1.0%, p > 0.999) were observed between the two groups. After performing logistic regression analysis and survival analysis, no potential association was found between the course of antibiotic prophylaxis and postoperative complications. In addition, prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis conferred no benefit for high‐risk obese patients. What is new and conclusion: Extended antibiotic prophylaxis did not result in a statistically significant and clinically meaningful reduction in postoperative complications. Therefore, we recommended that the duration of antibiotic prophylaxis in TJA should be shortened to 3 days or less in the Chinese population. This is the first report concerning the impact of antibiotic prophylaxis course on postoperative complications following TJA in China. From our results, we recommended that the duration of antibiotic prophylaxis in TJA should be shortened to 3 days or less in the Chinese population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What is known and objective: Even if total joint arthroplasty (TJA) patients have received conventional antithrombotic therapy, the incidence of thrombosis remains high. Clinical pharmacists have been involved in the multidisciplinary team of orthopaedics, but their roles and functions are not yet defined. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of clinical pharmacist services on the use of anticoagulant drugs, the rationality of medication and the incidence of thrombosis in patients with TJA. Methods: This retrospective, observational cohort study was conducted for patients undergoing TJA procedures. Study variables were collected for a baseline period of 1 January 2016 to 30 June 2017 and an intervention period of 1 January 2018 to 30 June 2019, allowing for a 6‐month run‐in period. For demographic characteristics, the use of anticoagulant drugs and the incidence of thrombosis between the baseline and intervention periods, the data were statistically analysed. Results and discussion: During the 36‐month study timeframe, a total of 591 TJA procedures were performed. A total of 577 participants were included in the study (240 in the baseline group and 377 in the intervention group). After clinical pharmacist participation, the prevention rate of anticoagulant drugs (p < 0.05), the proportion of oral anticoagulants (p = 0.000) and the course of preventive treatment (p = 0.004) increased significantly. The time of administration was shortened from after 24 h to within 24 h post‐surgery (p = 0.000). Although the incidence of symptomatic DVT reduced in the intervention period, there was no statistical difference in either the hospital, 1‐month follow‐up, or 3‐month follow‐up after surgery (all p > 0.05). What is new and conclusion: Within the limitations of a retrospective study, clinical pharmacist intervention was associated with improvements in anticoagulation management of TJA procedures, likely conferring beneficial effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Developed a HSG-MGAF net to adaptively establish low-order and potential high-order spatial relationships of patches for interpretable prediction of giga-pixel WSI. • Embeds a Top-2k heterogeneous subgraph to guide hierarchical multi-scale graph framework for adaptive slide prediction and ROI localization. • Self-supervised contrastive learning constraint is introduced to maximize the consistency of predictions at heterogeneous scales in the optimization. • Interpretable heatmaps with complementary features can be obtained by using heterogeneous relationships of the top ranked patches at two scales. Pathological whole slide image (WSI) prediction and region of interest (ROI) localization are important issues in computer-aided diagnosis and postoperative analysis in clinical applications. Existing computer-aided methods for predicting WSI are mainly based on multiple instance learning (MIL) and its variants. However, most of the methods are based on instance independence and identical distribution assumption and performed at a single scale, which not fully exploit the hierarchical multiscale heterogeneous information contained in WSI. Heterogeneous Subgraph-Guided Multiscale Graph Attention Fusion Network (HSG-MGAF Net) is proposed to build the topology of critical image patches at two scales for adaptive WSI prediction and lesion localization. The HSG-MGAF Net simulates the hierarchical heterogeneous information of WSI through graph and hypergraph at two scales, respectively. This framework not only fully exploits the low-order and potential high-order correlations of image patches at each scale, but also leverages the heterogeneous information of the two scales for adaptive WSI prediction. We validate the superiority of the proposed method on the CAMELYON16 and the TCGA- NSCLC, and the results show that HSG-MGAF Net outperforms the state-of-the-art method on both datasets. The average ACC, AUC and F 1 score of HSG-MGAF Net can reach 92.7 %/0.951/0.892 and 92.2 %/0.957/0.919, respectively. The obtained heatmaps can also localize the positive regions more accurately, which have great consistency with the pixel-level labels. The results demonstrate that HSG-MGAF Net outperforms existing weakly supervised learning methods by introducing critical heterogeneous information between the two scales. This approach paves the way for further research on light weighted heterogeneous graph-based WSI prediction and ROI localization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is an analysis of investor sentiment in the stock market based on the bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) model. First, we extracted the sentiment value from online information published by stock investor, using the Bert model. Second, these sentiment values were weighted by attention for computing the investor sentiment indicator. Finally, the relationship between investor sentiment and stock yield was analyzed through a two-step cross-sectional regression validation model. The experiments found that investor sentiment in online reviews had a significant impact on stock yield. The experiments show that the Bert model used in this paper can achieve an accuracy of 97.35% for the analysis of investor sentiment, which is better than both LSTM and SVM methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-Hermitian systems have observed numerous novel phenomena and might lead to various applications. Unlike standard quantum physics, the conservation of energy guaranteed by the closed system is broken in the non-Hermitian system, and the energy can be exchanged between the system and the environment. Here we present a scheme for simulating the dissipative phase transition with an open quantum optical system. The competition between the coherent interaction and dissipation leads to the second-order phase transition. Furthermore, the quantum correlation in terms of squeezing is studied around the critical point. Our work may provide a new route to explore the non-Hermitian quantum physics with feasible techniques in experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A stable catalyst derived from waste sources has been effectively produced for the elimination of TC. The catalyst was prepared by pyrolysis of waste ore loaded onto porous biochar (BC), which improved the activation efficiency of peroxymonosulfate (PMS). The catalyst was found to contain BC and metal oxides (Fe, Co, Mg) based on the results of the characterization tests. Under optimal reaction conditions, the catalyst degraded 96.59% of TC (20 mg/L) within 60 min. Pseudo-first-order kinetic pattern was fitted on TC degradation with a rate constant of 0.028 min−1. After five cycles, the degradation efficiency was determined to be 92.55%, while the structure and physicochemical properties of the catalyst remain unchanged. Furthermore, the composite can be separated and recovered through magnetic means. In addition, based on EPR and free radical quenching experiment, PMS activated by waste ore/BC produced sulfate radical (SO 4 •-), hydroxyl radical (HO•), singlet oxygen (1O 2) and superoxide radical (•O 2 -). Among them, SO 4 •- and HO• played the most significant roles in TC degradation. This work provides an insight into waste resource utilization and antibiotic contamination removal. [Display omitted] • A composite catalyst is derived form waste ore, sludge and pine needle. • The catalyst (waste ore/BC) has good magnetic properties and reusability. • The waste ore/BC+PMS system exhibits favourable performance for tetracycline degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fungal community and the population of 16S rRNA, 18S rRNA and cellulose-degrading genes during the 30-day composting process of Chinese medicinal herbal residues were investigated using Illumina MiSeq and quantitative real-time PCR. An obvious succession of fungal communities occurred during the composting process. Unidentified fungi predominated in the raw materials. As composting progressed, Ascomycota became the most dominant phylum, with Aspergillus being the most dominant genus, and Aspergillus fumigatus making up 99.65% of that genus. Because of the inoculation of cellulolytic fungi in the mature stage, the cellulose degradation rate in inoculation groups was faster and the relative abundances of Aspergillus and the glycoside hydrolase family 7 genes were significantly higher than those in the control groups. These indicated that the fungal inoculants facilitated the degradation of cellulose, increased cellulolytic fungi and optimized the community structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The citrate sol-gel method was used to synthesize LaNi 0.6 Co 0.4 O 3 anchored at ZnO (LaNi 0.6 Co 0.4 O 3 /ZnO) for activation of peroxymonosulfate to degrade ofloxacin in simulated wastewater. LaNi 0.6 Co 0.4 O 3 nanoparticles were uniformly and firmly dispersed on ZnO support during the synthesis process. LaNi 0.6 Co 0.4 O 3 /ZnO had a rapid catalytic rate with an efficiency of 90% in 10 min, which was higher than that of LaNi 0.6 Co 0.4 O 3 (87.7%). Meanwhile, LaNi 0.6 Co 0.4 O 3 /ZnO significantly inhibited metal ion leaching compared to LaNi 0.6 Co 0.4 O 3 (Ni leaching: 0.128 mg/L to 0.022 mg/L, Co leaching: 0.083 mg/L to 0.012 mg/L). The composite material maintained great cyclic stability with efficiency of 93% after 5 cycles. Based on electron paramagnetic resonance studies and the quenching experiments, SO 4 ·− 、 · OH、 · O 2 − and 1O 2 were the main reactive oxygen species involved in the reaction. The degradation intermediates of ofloxacin were detected by ICP-MS to propose the possible degradation pathways. This work provides an insight for perovskite catalyst for the activation of PMS to treat pharmaceutical wastewater. [Display omitted] • LaNi 0.6 Co 0.4 O 3 nanoparticles are uniformly and firmly dispersed on ZnO support. • LaNi 0.6 Co 0.4 O 3 /ZnO exhibits favorable catalytic activity. • LaNi 0.6 Co 0.4 O 3 /ZnO possesses excellent stability with inhibition of metal leaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Monochromatic perfect submap coding is a technique which utilizes structured light to reconstruct three-dimensional shapes. This coding strategy is robust against occlusions, suitable for dynamic scene detection, and less sensitive to colorful surface when compared to color coding. However, perfect submap patterns are often poor in terms of resolution and accuracy. In this work, the symbol density spectrum (SDS) and its features are used to choose symbols for improving resolution and decreasing decoding error of perfect submap symbol patterns. The proposed SDS provides a distribution of symbol points for reconstruction after which 10 symbol features are extracted. Following a comparative analysis of the symbol features and scene testing of symbols damage rate, a new density pattern is formed using nine symbols chosen from one group. A 3D reconstruction experiment showed that results obtained by this method are of a higher resolution compared with other existing monochromatic spatial coding techniques and are robust against color surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From early May 2009, the novel influenza A (H1N1) pandemic affected mainland China. Of those infected, a small proportion of patients developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) so rapidly and severely that conventional ventilation treatment was ineffective. As an alternative treatment, the effect of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was evaluated. From November 2009 to January 2010, all patients suffering from influenza A (H1N1)-associated ARDS referred to Beijing Anzhen Hospital for treatment with ECMO were enrolled. We describe the characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of these patients at 1- and 3-month follow-up. Nine patients (four females; mean age, 31.2 [21-59] years) from four centers were enrolled. All females had a history of recent pregnancy or had recently given birth. Before ECMO, patients had severe respiratory failure despite advanced mechanical ventilatory support with a mean partial pressure of arterial oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen of 52.9 ± 5.1 (45.0-63.8) mm Hg, positive end-expiratory pressure of 17.2 ± 4.2 cmH2O, and a Murray Lung Score of 3.6 (3.25-3.75). All nine patients were treated with veno-venous ECMO via percutaneous access. The mean duration of ECMO support was 436.6 ± 652.1 h (67.0-2160.0). At the end of 1-year follow-up, five patients (55.7%) were weaned from ECMO. Five patients (55.7%) survived to hospital discharge. Four patients (44.4%) died while undergoing ECMO. The mean length of intensive care unit and hospital stay was 4-204 days (median, 32) and 4-234 days (median, 38), respectively. There was no significant difference between survivors and nonsurvivors in the screened parameters. Use of ECMO for critically ill patients with 2009 influenza A (H1N1)-related ARDS is feasible and effective. However, this treatment is technically demanding. For success, careful selection of patients is crucial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is a common nosocomial device-associated infection. It is now recognized that the high infection rates were caused by the formation of biofilm on the surface of the catheters that decreases the susceptibility to antibiotics and results in anti-microbial resistance.In this study, we performed an in vitro test to explore the mechanism of biofilm formation and subsequently conducted a multi-center clinical trial to investigate the efficacy of CAUTI prevention with the application of JUC, a nanotechnology antimicrobial spray.Methods: Siliconized latex urinary catheters were cut into fragments and sterilized by autoclaving. The sterilized sample fragments were randomly divided into the therapy and control group, whereby they were sprayed with JUC and distilled water respectively and dried before use.The experimental standard strains of Escherichia coli (E. coli) were isolated from the urine samples of patients. At 16 hours and 7 days of incubation, the samples were extracted for confocal laser scanning microscopy.A total of 1,150 patients were accrued in the clinical study. Patients were randomized according to the order of surgical treatment. The odd array of patients was assigned as the therapy group (JUC), and the even array of patients was assigned as the control group (normal saline).Results: After 16 hours of culture, bacterial biofilm formed on the surface of sample fragments from the control group. In the therapy group, no bacterial biofilm formation was observed on the sample fragments. No significant increase in bacterial colony count was observed in the therapy group after 7 days of incubation.On the 7th day of catheterization, urine samples were collected for bacterial culture before extubation. Significant difference was observed in the incidence of bacteriuria between the therapy group and control group (4.52% vs. 13.04%, p < 0.001).Conclusions: In this study, the effectiveness of JUC in preventing CAUTI in a hospital setting was demonstrated in both in vitro and clinical studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]