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Indigenous people continue to develop methods to strengthen and empower genealogical knowledge as a means of conveying histories, illuminating current and past values, and providing important cultural frameworks for understanding their nuanced identities and worlds across time and space. Genealogies are more than simply a record of a family tree; they are a rich tapestry of ancestral links, representing a tradition of thought and connection to entities beyond the human. This article proposes an Iwi-specific methodological approach to conducting research based on the specific paradigms (ontological and epistemological) of Māori (Indigenous peoples of New Zealand) from the region of Te Awa Tupua in the North Island of Aotearoa, New Zealand. A Whanganui world view can be actioned as an operating system within research by developing a bespoke place-based methodology drawing on kōrero tuku iho (ancestral wisdom) to conduct research amongst a genealogical group with whakapapa (genealogical connection) to a distinct geographic locale. This methodological shift allows the inclusion of human research participants and more-than-human, including Te Awa Tupua (an interconnected environment around the Whanganui River) and Te Kāhui Maunga (ancestral mountains that feed the Whanganui river) as living ancestors. Whanganui ways of knowing, doing, and being underpin a worldview that situates Te Awa Tupua and tāngata (people) as inter-related beings that cannot maintain their health and wellbeing without the support of one another. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the connections between ghosts and medieval law. It revisits the final story from the famous Byland Abbey collection, concerning the sister of Adam de London and a disputed inheritance, and demonstrates the historicity of the people involved using legal evidence. This opens up a reading of the story in which legal ideas are central to the framing and narrative; I suggest that the ghost manifests a fear of the destruction of inheritance. I then move to argue that the law of inheritance in later medieval England was dependent on a 'spectral reasoning', in which the wishes of those who granted property to their children took on an outsized, supernatural agency. Finally, I suggest that this comparison helps to reveal not only the strangeness of inheritance as a legal concept, but also the ways in which it has continued to structure inequality into our own time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Only (0,3,6) is given in Franck Jedrzejewski's complete list of deep rhythms on the facing page, because this list includes only basic deep rhythms beginning with zero. Deep Rhythms are normally constructed by choosing a length I (l) i , and the difference I (d) i between one basic note and the next. An infinite number of rhythms may be constructed in this way, but as the circles get larger, the rhythms get longer, and tend to follow repeating sequences in a boring way, so I just added a few more sections that I particularly liked and then stopped. [Extracted from the article]

Background: The success of coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG) is dependent on long-term graft patency, which is negatively related to early wall thickening. Avoiding high-pressure distension testing for leaks and preserving the surrounding pedicle of fat and adventitia during vein harvesting may reduce wall thickening.Methods: A single-centre, factorial randomized controlled trial was carried out to compare the impact of testing for leaks under high versus low pressure and harvesting the vein with versus without the pedicle in patients undergoing CABG. The primary outcomes were graft wall thickness, as indicator of medial-intimal hyperplasia, and lumen diameter assessed using intravascular ultrasound after 12 months.Results: Ninety-six eligible participants were recruited. With conventional harvest, low-pressure testing tended to yield a thinner vessel wall compared with high-pressure (mean difference [MD; low minus high] -0.059 mm, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.12, +0.0039, p = .066). With high pressure testing, veins harvested with the pedicle fat tended to have a thinner vessel wall than those harvested conventionally (MD [pedicle minus conventional] -0.057 mm, 95% CI: -0.12, +0.0037, p = .066, test for interaction p = .07). Lumen diameter was similar across groups (harvest comparison p = .81; pressure comparison p = .24). Low-pressure testing was associated with fewer hospital admissions in the 12 months following surgery (p = .0008). Harvesting the vein with the pedicle fat was associated with more complications during the index admission (p = .0041).Conclusions: Conventional saphenous vein graft preparation with low-pressure distension and harvesting the vein with a surrounding pedicle yielded similar graft wall thickness after 12 months, but low pressure was associated with fewer adverse events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We survey several occurrences of combinatorics of words and morphisms in the pieces of Tom Johnson, showing in particular that some of the sequences of notes that he used intuitively can be interpreted or constructed through combinatorial objects such as morphisms. Furthermore some of these sequences have an independent interest in number theory and theoretical computer science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses jurisdiction in the England during the late Middle Ages of the 14th and 15th centuries, including in Dunwich, England, jurisdictional disputes and legal rights of the burgesses. The relationship between legal authority and English communities, including in regard to the communication of authority, is discussed.

The article explores the role of medieval law in the construction of material objects in relation to legal obligation, the constitution of property, and the stratification of maritime society. Emphasis is given to an analysis of court rolls from Suffolk, England which document shipwrecks and items found at sea by local mariners. Other topics include the valuation of found objects, the socioeconomic conditions of fishermen, and naming objects.

Background: The number and functional activity of circulating progenitor cells (CPCs) is altered in diabetic patients. Furthermore, reduced CPC count has been shown to independently predict cardiovascular events. Validation of CPCs as a biomarker for cardiovascular risk stratification requires rigorous methodology. Before a standard operation protocol (SOP) can be designed for such a trial, a variety of technical issues have to be addressed fundamentally, which include the appropriate type of red blood cell lysis buffer, FMO or isotype controls to identify rare cell populations from background noise, optimal antibody dilutions and conditions of sample storage. We herein propose improvements in critical steps of CPC isolation, antigenic characterization and determination of functional competence for final application in a prospective investigation of CPCs as a biomarker of outcome following acute myocardial infarction. Methods and Findings: In this validation study, we refined the standard operating procedure (SOP) for flow cytometry characterisation and functional analysis of CPCs from the first 18 patients of the Progenitor Cell Response after Myocardial Infarction Study (ProMIS). ProMIS aims to verify the prognostic value of CPCs in patients with either ST elevation or non-ST elevation myocardial infarction with or without diabetes mellitus, using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for assessment of ventricular function as a primary endpoint. Results indicate crucial steps for SOP implementation, namely timely cell isolation after sampling, use of appropriate lysis buffer to separate blood cell types and minimize the acquisition events during flow cytometry, adoption of proper fluorophore combination and antibody titration for multiple antigenic detection and introduction of counting beads for precise quantification of functional CPC activity in migration assay. Conclusion and Significance: With systematic specification of factors influencing the enumeration of CPC by flow cytometry, the abundance and migration capacity of CPCs can be correctly assessed. Adoption of validated SOP is essential for refined comparison of patients with different comorbidities in the analysis of risk stratification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers the author's insights regarding his use of tiling in music. The author states that his composing time in 2002 was dedicated to fitting together little rhythmic tiles. He relates that the irregular tiling patterns became compositionally rich to him since long streams of eight notes can make dull music. He says that he can't imagine that a composer in 1980 would compose a twelve-tone piece wherein four combinatorial trichords was complemented by four three-note rhythmic tiles.

This paper considers the numerical stability of null-space methods for Karush­ Kuhn­Tucker (KKT) systems, particularly in the context of quadratic programming. The methods we consider are based on the direct elimination of variables, which is attractive for solving large sparse systems. Ill-conditioning in a certain submatrix A in the system is shown to adversely affect the method insofar as it is commonly implemented. In particular, it can cause growth in the residual error of the solution, which would not normally occur if Gaussian elimination or related methods were used. The mechanism of this error growth is studied and is not due to growth in the null-space basis matrix Z, as might have been expected, but to the indeterminacy of this matrix. When LU factors of A are available it is shown that an alternative form of the method is available which avoids this residual error growth. These conclusions are supported by error analysis and Matlab experiments on some extremely ill-conditioned test problems. These indicate that the alternative method is very robust in regard to residual error growth and is unlikely to be significantly inferior to the methods based on an orthogonal basis matrix. The paper concludes with some discussion of what needs to be done when LU factors are not available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the Rational Melodies that were written in 1982 and also mentions about a drawing related to Rational Melodies constructed with a simple automaton of the type in the book "Self-Similar Melodies."

To more fully understand the belief gap hypothesis, this study examines the effect of political identity, education, and partisan media consumption on the formation of attitudes and false beliefs. Using a two-wave, nationally representative online survey of the U.S. we assess people's attitudes and beliefs toward climate change, on the one hand, and Syrian refugees, on the other. Building on previous studies, we demonstrate that the effect of one's political identity on attitudes and false beliefs is contingent upon education, which appears to widen the belief gap in consort with political identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using National Lakes Assessment data, we evaluated the influence of total N (TN), total P (TP), and other variables on lake chlorophyll‐a concentrations. With simple linear regressions, high TN/TP samples biased predictions based on TN, and low TN/TP samples biased predictions based on TP. The bias problem was corrected, and correlation was improved, by splitting the dataset at the TN/TP ratio we estimated to be indicative of a balanced supply and developing separate regressions that predict chlorophyll‐a based on TP, TN, dissolved inorganic N (DIN), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), nonalgal light attenuation, depth, area, latitude, elevation, and conductivity. Both nutrients were excellent predictors, and nonalgal light attenuation was the next most influential predictor. The regression analysis suggested that a potential for P only limitation (high TN/TP, 17% of samples) or N only limitation (low TN/TP, 14% of samples) can be inferred at the extremes of the TN/TP range. However, 69% of samples had an intermediate TN/TP ratio where it is difficult to infer anything about potential nutrient limitations (biomass could be N limited, P limited, N and P co‐limited, or not limited by nutrients at all). Our results show that when developing phytoplankton response relationships using cross‐lake datasets that span a wide range of trophic states, it is important to consider whether and how biomass is influenced by confounding factors—such as differences in the relative supply of N and P—so that biomass is not underestimated or overestimated, and nutrient criteria are not under‐protective or over‐protective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Guaifenesin is an over-the-counter expectorant used for chest congestion and is available both in single-ingredient formulations and in combination with antihistamines, cough suppressants and decongestants. The documented side-effects of guaifenesin are generally mild. We present the case of a 23-year-old female who committed suicide by ingestion of guaifenesin along with small amounts of cetirizine, ethanol and sertraline. Approximately 2 h after ingestion, the patient experienced central nervous system depression followed by asystole. No anatomic cause of death could be determined at autopsy. The initial toxicology detected only ethanol, which was found at a concentration insufficient to cause death. Upon further analysis, guaifenesin was detected in femoral blood at 25.0 μg/mL, urine at >50.0 μg/mL, vitreous fluid at 9.2 μg/mL, brain at 17.0 μg/g and liver at 25.0 μg/g. This is the first reported human case that can be considered a death to which guaifenesin was the significant pharmacologic contributor. Guaifenesin is not detected by the primary screening methods employed by some labs and may be missed in toxicological analyses of overdoses unless specifically suspected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have developed a novel genetic platform enabling high-throughput identification of genetic targets in embryonic stem cells (ESC) of the mouse (Mamm Genome 20: 11, 2009). We propose to utilize this platform to identify genes causing cryotoxicity. The method consists of mass screening of mutated populations of ESC. Mutated cells are then exposed to a near-lethal concentration of a cryogenic agent or a stressful condition. Mutant ESC surviving exposure to the agent or stress grow and form colonies, which are picked and verified to be resistant to the stress. Hundreds of thousands of mutations can be screened simultaneously to identify those rare mutants causing resistance resulting from a mutational event. In our platform, mutations are generated by a transposable element called “PiggyBack” (PB). When activated by an appropriate transposase, the PB vectors move throughout the genome inserting themselves into the genome almost randomly and disrupting correct gene expression in a variety of ways. The sites of insertion and the genes disrupted by the PB element are identified by PCR off the ends of the PB element into the flanking DNA. The ability of the ESC to develop into mice (called pluripotency) is maintained by using a replica plating strategy so that a so-called “Master Plate” of the ESC are never exposed to a stressor. Thus, these mutant ESC can be used to generate intact, completely normal, adult mice, which can be used for organ harvest. These organs are composed entirely of genetically modified ESC, which can then be tested in organ transplants. For use in human (and perhaps in xenograft) transplants, drugs that block cytotoxicity will be developed. Genes and their protein products that lead to resistance become targets for developing drugs that should enhance organ viability during cryogenic storage. In preliminary results, it seems that we can establish conditions, using M22, that will completely kill the parental unmutated ESC. We have demonstrated that we can identify genes mediating resistance to cryotoxins and verify their role in this resistance. When we expose mutated ESC to the toxin, we find some cells forming colonies and these cells grow and divide under conditions that kill all unmutated cells. These ESC seem to maintain pluripotency. The sites of insertion are many and we have found many (some very unusual) targets for drug development. We hope to expand our studies to a variety of other stressful cryogenic agents and conditions. We also want to initiate drug screening and clinical chemistry, allowing us to move these methods to the organ transplantation community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides athlete and practitioner insights regarding a novel coping-oriented personal-disclosure mutual-sharing (COPDMS) intervention developed and administered in a youth soccer context. Participants were 18 male soccer athletes (mean age 17.29 ± 0.73 years) who belonged to the same professional academy in England. The COPDMS intervention comprised an initial sport psychology education session (Week 1), a session introducing COPDMS (Week 2), a COPDMS session (Week 4), and a follow-up session (Week 9). During the COPDMS session, athletes mutually shared personal stories and/or information about transitions as they approached a time when they would gain a professional contract or would be released from their soccer academy. Athletes communicated a range of contextually relevant demand and resource appraisals during the COPDMS session. Several athlete and practitioner insights about the COPDMS process and outcomes were provided that can guide future researchers and practitioners seeking to develop and deliver bespoke PDMS interventions in sport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]