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Abstract: We have found a non-destructive method of using simple optical metrology for precisely estimating the grating height of distributed-feedback laser diodes (DFB-LDs). An InGaAsP/InP grating with a period of 0.2μm and height from 15 to 45nm was grown using metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy (MOVPE), it was successfully evaluated using un-polarized simple optical metrology. Spectroscopic scatterometry, an optical-wavelength light-diffraction technique is emerging as a fast, accurate and non-destructive grating height monitor. A precise grating profile evaluation technique with nanometer scale accuracy enables obtaining an accurate coupling coefficient (κL) for DFB-LDs. DFB-LDs with well-controlled κL show grate promise of high-performance and high-yield characteristics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Large amounts of powders are being handled in industrial activities, and these are facing static electrification that might lead to dust explosion or fire. Therefore, it is important to know about the static electrification in detail in the powder handling processes to prevent the hazards.The authors investigated the static electrification characteristics such as the relation between the powder charge and dust concentration, transportation velocity, transportation distance, etc., using pneumatic transportation system. Also, the influences of spark duration time, ignition energy and feeding ratio of the ignition energy to initiate the dust explosion were investigated because there is a potential risk of dust explosion due to the static electrification.From the results of the experiments, the information on the static electrification and the ignition of the dust cloud was obtained. This would contribute to maintain safe operation of the powder handling, especially pneumatic transportation, by regulating the transport conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article "Life-Threatening Hemothorax Resulting From Right Brachiocephalic Vein Perforation During Right Internal Jugular Vein Catheterization," by Y. Innami et al. in a 2009 issue of the "Journal of Anesthesia."

A 2.9‐inch 2K2K (1058 ppi) panel using low‐reflection metal black matrix (BM) has been developed. We confirmed lower reflectance of LCD with low‐reflection metal BM that is required for VR headsets recently and also confirmed that there was no adverse effect on the display optical characteristics. We have shown that a thinner BM allows us to design more transparent pixels by increasing the aperture ratio or to increase the color viewing angle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A pixel circuit and a gate driver on array for light‐emitting display are presented. By simultaneously utilizing top‐gate n‐type oxide and p‐type low‐temperature polycrystalline silicon (LTPS) thin‐film transistors (TFTs), the circuits provide high refresh rate and low power consumption. An active‐matrix LED (AMOLED) panel with proposed circuits is fabricated, and driving at various refresh rate ranging from 1 to 120 Hz could be achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Determines whether it was possible to reduce the dosage of polyethylene glycol-electrolyte lavage solution in special test meals given to patients before colonoscopy. Number of patients examined; Description of the test meals; Assessment of fluid and solid in the colon after colonoscopy.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an endotoxin known to induce disseminated intravascular coagulation and multiple organ failure followed by septic shock in animals. Nafamostat is a synthetic protease inhibitor with anticoagulant effects. This study investigated the effect of systemic administration of nafamostat on thermogenic homeostasis and survival time in a mouse surgical model. Male C57Bl/6 mice were anesthetized with sevoflurane and implanted with intraabdominal telemetry transmitters. Following the surgery, three groups of animals were administered Escherichia coli LPS (0127: B8) subcutaneously at doses of 0.3, 1.0, or 3.0 mg·kg−1, and one group received saline without LPS. Three other groups received 3 mg·kg−1 LPS with 1, 3, or 10 mg·kg−1 of nafamostat. In another grou 10 mg·kg−11 of nafamostat only was administered. The times to the onset of hypothermia (body temperature < 30°C) and death were determined. L LPS significantly shortened the duration of both normothermia and survival, and nafamostat prolonged the normothermic periods that were reduced b 3 mg·kg−1 LPS. Survival time was significantly correlated with the duration of normothermia ( n = 48; r2 = 0.779; P < 0.000001). The results demonstrated the effect of systemic administration of nafamostat against LPS-induced hypothermia. Nafamostat prevented hypothermia, and the consequent normal thermoregulation may have prolonged the survival period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]