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Ten full-length vip3-type genes amplified from the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) isolates recovered from various Indian agro-climatic zones and two from known Bt strains were cloned, sequenced and confirmed as vip3Aa-type genes based on sequence homology. Comparison of deduced amino acid sequences of these genes compared with previously reported vip3Aa-type genes and other lepidopteran-specific vip3Aa genes revealed new amino acid substitutions, indicating the diversity of Indian Bt isolates. These genes have been grouped into six phylogenetic clusters and assigned names as vip3Aa67–vip3Aa78 by Bt nomenclature committee (www.bpprc.com). Interestingly, the substitution of lysine in the holotype Vip3Aa1 with glutamine at amino acid position 284 was uniformly found in all our Vip3Aa-type proteins, suggesting sequence conservation as well as diversity among these proteins. For evaluation of toxicity, vip3Aa67–vip3Aa72 genes were cloned in pET-29a(+) Escherichia coli expression vector. The immunostrip assays, SDS-PAGE and western blot analysis with Vip3A antibodies confirmed the presence of Vip3Aa67, Vip3Aa68, Vip3Aa69, Vip3Aa70, Vip3Aa71 and Vip3Aa72 proteins of ca. 89 kDa size. The toxicity of these Vip3Aa proteins along with the Vip3Aa44 protein used as a positive control was evaluated against Helicoverpa armigera. LC50 ranged from 0.921 to 8.513 ppm indicating their insecticidal potential. The impact of Vip3A proteins on the life cycle characteristics of H. armigera was studied, and the results showed toxic and sublethal effects on the growth and fecundity of the insect population. Computational analysis of the three-dimensional structure of Vip3Aa proteins revealed the effect of amino acid substitutions on stability, highlighting the importance of flexibility in protein function. This study reveals the potential of the newly identified Vip3Aa proteins in the biological control of H. armigera. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common age‐related neurodegenerative brain disorder characterized by the impairment in memory and other cognitive functions. Although there is currently no successful pharmacotherapy for AD, researchers are continuously exploring the various pathogenesis of AD to develop potential therapeutic drugs. Of the multiple hypotheses for AD, the cholinergic and amyloid‐β (Aβ) hypothesis are the main targeting hypothesis for AD. Some researchers proposed that the symptoms involved in AD (loss of memory, cognitive impairment, and amnesia) are the main event linked to the cholinergic neurotransmitter (acetylcholine). Therefore, the development of AChE inhibitors to increase the level of ACh in the synaptic cleft can improve learning and memory in AD patients. Huprine X is a synthetic ChE inhibitor developed by the hybridization of Huperzine A and the synthetic drug tacrine. This review focuses on the last 10 year's literature search on huprine and its analogues for the treatment of AD. We expect that this review can be helpful for medicinal chemists, and neuro‐chemists to provide new ideas for the development of new drugs therapy for AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pigeon pea is affected by the cyst nematode Heterodera cajani limiting the production. H. cajani can be managed by biological agents such as Trichoderma harzianum. Thus, the determination of this experiment was to estimate native strains of T. harzianum isolated from pigeon pea fields in India on population of cyst, eggs and juveniles of H. cajani. Pots experiment was conducted at the playhouse of Sam Higginbottom University of Science and Technology, Prayagraj (UP), India, during the year of 2018–2020. Earthen pots were filled with sterilized soil @ 10 kg/pot for each replicate of the treatments. Ten days before sowing of the pigeon pea seed, about 5000 spores of T. harzianum were amended in to the soil for proper colonization. Fifteen days after seed germination, 200 cysts/pot were inoculated near the root zone of pigeon pea plant. The pots were irrigated when required. Observations were recorded of cyst population, eggs and second juveniles of H. cajani/500gm of pigeon pea rhizospheric soil at 90 days after sowing. Results: Among all the isolates of T. harzianum, the treatment (T 7) reduced of cyst population (12), eggs population (234) and juveniles' population (153) as compared with all other treatments including control at 90 days after sowing of pigeon pea seeds in the year 2018–2019. Similarly, in 2019–2020 reduction in cyst population (11), eggs population (189) and juveniles population (160) was observed at 90 days after sowing in Trichoderma isolates (T 7) as compared to control. Conclusions: The findings of this study are very relevant since seven isolates of native T. harzianum were promising to suppress the number of cysts in 79.31 and 83.07%, eggs in 22.00 and 38.83% and juveniles' population in 17.74 and 20.39% of the nematode H. cajani, besides promoting the pigeon pea plant growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pigeon pea is affected by the cyst nematode Heterodera cajani limiting the production. H. cajani can be managed by biological agents such as Trichoderma harzianum. Thus, the determination of this experiment was to estimate native strains of T. harzianum isolated from pigeon pea fields in India on population of cyst, eggs and juveniles of H. cajani. Pots experiment was conducted at the playhouse of Sam Higginbottom University of Science and Technology, Prayagraj (UP), India, during the year of 2018–2020. Earthen pots were filled with sterilized soil @ 10 kg/pot for each replicate of the treatments. Ten days before sowing of the pigeon pea seed, about 5000 spores of T. harzianum were amended in to the soil for proper colonization. Fifteen days after seed germination, 200 cysts/pot were inoculated near the root zone of pigeon pea plant. The pots were irrigated when required. Observations were recorded of cyst population, eggs and second juveniles of H. cajani/500gm of pigeon pea rhizospheric soil at 90 days after sowing. Results: Among all the isolates of T. harzianum, the treatment (T 7) reduced of cyst population (12), eggs population (234) and juveniles' population (153) as compared with all other treatments including control at 90 days after sowing of pigeon pea seeds in the year 2018–2019. Similarly, in 2019–2020 reduction in cyst population (11), eggs population (189) and juveniles population (160) was observed at 90 days after sowing in Trichoderma isolates (T 7) as compared to control. Conclusions: The findings of this study are very relevant since seven isolates of native T. harzianum were promising to suppress the number of cysts in 79.31 and 83.07%, eggs in 22.00 and 38.83% and juveniles' population in 17.74 and 20.39% of the nematode H. cajani, besides promoting the pigeon pea plant growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The library and information services of the twenty first century are rapidly changing education learning patterns because of the rapid development of electronic publishing libraries. However, the literature reveals the considerable unpredictability in experience, challenges, and awareness about E-resources among college students during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic scenario. In the aftermath of the pandemic, everyone has been forced to learn and teach E-resources in educational institutions worldwide. Along with their academic demands, college students are confronted by a lack of knowledge of handling e-learning resources and low network connectivity in remote regions. In this aspect, this study commenced to describe the experience, challenges, and awareness about e-learning resources. A descriptive and diagnostic research design was adopted and primary data was collected from college students through Google Forms with participant consent. The basic information about respondents, experience, challenges, and awareness of E-resources are tools of the study. The statistical analysis is to be carried out based on the study's objective. This analysis was used to identify influential factors and to explore the relationships between e-learning experience, and resource awareness. Subsequently, the analysis is used to discuss recommendations for enhancing the utilization of e-learning resources based on the study's findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The presence of the bottom-of-the-pyramid (BoP) segment on social media has increased considerably over the past few years. This vulnerable segment differs in the socio-economic status with idiosyncrasies; this study explores the mechanism and factors pertinent to social media engagement among Indian BoP users. The study uses a grounded theory approach employing 26 in-depth interviews. We found that social media engagement at the BoP level comprises of both positively and negatively valenced engagement. BoP users see social media as a resource, assess its complementarity with their abilities and establish the social relevance of the social media platform. On the other hand, the security perceptions and the restrictions of the BoP users affect the engagement. The study provides interesting insights into the BoP segment's differential social media behavior (vs. other segments) due to the vulnerability of this segment. These differences do not occur at a broader level but subtly underlying the social hierarchy and disadvantaged positions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CD44 and SALL4 are markers of stemness and expressed in cancer stem cells (CSCs). Their deregulated expression was seen in various tumors and has been correlated with clinical severity. We evaluated immunohistochemical expression of CD44 and SALL4 in leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). CD44 was expressed in all the cases of leukoplakia and Its expression correlated with severity of the dysplasia in leukoplakia but varied with differentiation in OSCC. SALL4 did not express in leukoplakia. Its expression was varied in OSCC cases. We opine that CD44 expression is consistent with the progression of dysplasia in leukoplakia and differentiation in OSCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic and irreversible neurodegenerative disease associated with aging. It is characterized by the progressive loss of memory and other cognitive functions. Although the exact etiology of AD is not well explored, several factors, such as the deposition of amyloid‐β (Aβ) plaques, hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, presence of low levels of acetylcholine, and generation of oxidative stress, are key mediators in the progression of AD. Currently, the clinical treatment options for AD are limited and are based on cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitors (e.g., donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine), N‐methyl‐ d‐aspartic acid receptor antagonists (e.g., memantine), and the recently approved Aβ modulator (e.g., aducanumab). Tryptamine (2‐(1H‐indol‐3‐yl)ethan‐1‐amine) is a small molecule that contains an indole nucleus and an ethylamine side chain. It is also the active metabolite of tryptophan. It possesses a wide range of biological activities related to neurodegenerative disorders, such as ChE inhibition, Aβ aggregation inhibition, antioxidant effects, monoamine‐oxidase inhibition, and neuroprotection. Several tryptamine‐based hybrid analogs are currently being investigated as multifunctional agents for the development of novel hybrids for AD treatment. Thus, this review article aims to provide in‐depth insights into the research progress and strategies for designing multifunctional agents used in Alzheimer's therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic age‐related neurodegenerative brain disorder characterized by the impairment of memory accompanied by worsening of thinking ability of an individual. The exact pathophysiology of AD is not fully understood. However low level of the neurotransmitter named acetylcholine (ACh), aggregation of Aβ peptide into toxic Aβ plaque, hyperphosphorylation of tau, bio‐metal imbalance, and oxidative stress are the main hallmarks of this disease. Due to the complex pathophysiology of AD, no specific treatment is available in the market, and treatment is only limited to the symptomatic relief. So, there is an urgent need for the development of new drug candidate, which can have disease‐modifying effect and improve learning and memory in AD patient. Therefore, berberine‐based multifunction compounds with potential cholinesterase inhibitory properties were reviewed in this article. Structure–activity relationship (SAR) and biological activity provide highlights on the new derivatives used for the management of AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The shoot apical meristem (SAM) of higher plants comprises distinct functional zones. The central zone (CZ) is located at the meristem summit and harbors pluripotent stem cells. Stem cells undergo cell division within the CZ and give rise to descendants, which enter the peripheral zone (PZ) and become recruited into lateral organs. Stem cell daughters that are pushed underneath the CZ form rib meristem (RM). To unravel the mechanism of meristem development, it is essential to know how stem cells adopt distinct cell fates in the SAM. Here, we show that meristem patterning and floral organ primordia formation, besides auxin transport, are regulated by auxin biosynthesis mediated by two closely related genes of the TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE family. In Arabidopsis SAM, TAA1 and TAR2 played a role in maintaining auxin responses and the identity of PZ cell types. In the absence of auxin biosynthesis and transport, the expression pattern of the marker genes linked to the patterning of the SAM is perturbed. Our results prove that local auxin biosynthesis, in concert with transport, controls the patterning of the SAM into the CZ, PZ and RM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current work focuses on the synthesis of the biodegradable film made from Sodium alginate (S.A), and then the addition of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO-NPs) was synthesized by sol-gel technique. Glycerol which is a plasticizer is used to enhance the tensile strength (TS) and film expansion due to a decrease in intermolecular forces in the polymer chain. With the addition of olive oil (OE), the functional properties of control films were improved, which results in a lowering of water solubility, and moisture content but the tensile strength slightly decreased. The opacity, moisture absorption, and solubility of the film, thickness, tensile strength (TS), elongation (EB), ultraviolet-vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize sodium alginate biofilm with the addition of MgO-NPs (SA1) and without the addition of MgO-NPs (SA2). But considering all other factors, the film (SA1) revealed a slower rate of degradation than the film (SA2). The film's TS and opacity are enhanced by MgO-NPs addition, while moisture content (WVP), solubility, and elongation at break are decreased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In India, 22% to 39% of the ageing population suffers from degenerative knee osteoarthritis (OA), making it the most prevalent joint disorder in the knee. MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-9 protein expression levels have all been associated with OA. The aim of the present study was to establish a relationship between synovial fluid levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-9), and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) with different Kellgren–Lawrence Grading scale as per the severity of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: This hospital-based observational study included 87 individuals with knee osteoarthritis examined at the orthopaedics department outpatient clinic at the tertiary care teaching hospital in rural area of north India. In-person interviews were conducted to gather data, through a semi-structured, pretested interview schedule. To determine the degree and severity of OA, the levels of the enzymes matrix metalloproteinase MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-9 as well as tumour necrosis factor (TNF–α) were assessed in the synovial fluid of knee of each study participant. Results: The levels of MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-9, and TNF-α in synovial fluid were significantly correlated with the severity of osteoarthritis as determined by the Kellgren–Lawrence Grading Scale. Age, duration of symptoms and BMI showed a strong positive and significant correlation with biochemical markers (MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-9, and TNF-α) in synovial fluid of Knee. Conclusion: Level of biochemical markers (MMP-1, -3, -9, and TNF-α) in synovial fluid act as diagnostic markers and have a positive correlation with the severity of osteoarthritis knee, age, weight/BMI and duration of disease. However, no significant correlation was found between the level of aforementioned biochemical markers with sex, height, inflammation of the knee, morning stiffness, and age of onset of disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Computer vision for the past two decades has been used to simulate human capabilities and automate tasks, and in the process, has benefited all of us. Specifically, its application within the manufacturing context has garnered ample attention and interest from both academics and practitioners. Due to its large-scale applicability and adoption potential, extensive research has been conducted to understand and appreciate it is working. However, extant research in this domain is rather disjointed, thereby delimiting the otherwise vast scope and knowledge boundaries. Thus, this study utilizes bibliometric analysis to synthesize extant literature within this field to address this lacuna. We analyzed 897 articles from Scopus, entailing contributions from 309 journals, 108 countries, 2138 authors, and 1334 organizations from 1981 to 2022. Additionally, we analyzed citation and co-authorship networks to acknowledge prominent authors, organizations, and countries within this domain. The thematic classification of extant literature through bibliographic coupling identified five major thematic areas: automated visual inspection, object tracking and process controlling, real-time monitoring, roughness inspection, and profile projection. Importantly, we used both knowledge and insights from our findings, and propose scope for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An earthquake of magnitude 6.7 M (Latitude 24.834N; Longitude 93.656E) on the Richter scale rocked in the Noney area, Tamenglong district, Manipur on 4th January 2016. The shock was strongly felt in most parts of the Northeastern states of India viz. Manipur, Nagaland, Meghalaya, Assam, and its neighboring countries Myanmar and Bangladesh. Macroseismic study was conducted to assess the intensity of ground motion and related damages caused by the earthquake. The damage incidences were mainly reported in structures constructed over the alluvial fill material. Deformations and development of ground fissures were observed in the epicentral tracts of Manipur and liquefaction phenomenon was observed in the Silchar area Assam. The study revealed that higher damage was confined to the area around Noney, Kabuikhullen, Nungba, Leimakhong, and Imphal valley areas in Manipur and Silchar town areas in Assam. Based on field observation, the degree of damage to building structures, and data gathered from the local population using the standard questionnaire, different intensity values were assigned to each locality. Isoseismal map was prepared by drawing the boundaries between different intensity areas at MSK-64 scale. The result indicates that the intensity was within the range of IV to VII. The maximum intensity was found VII in parts of Imphal, Tamenglong, and Silchar and very close to the epicentral tract area of Noney; and lowest intensity IV was observed in other parts of the northeastern states around Dimapur and Kohima in Nagaland state. The location of the epicenter of main shock (M 6.7) was at the intersection of the two major lineaments trending to ENE-WSW and NW-SE. The trend and shape of isoseismals drawn on seismotectonic/geological maps are elliptical along ENE-WSW direction and are found more closely spaced in the north and southern parts of the affected area. The elliptical nature of the isoseismals indicates that this seismic event was caused by movement along a linear surface. Furthermore, the orientation of elliptical isoseismals with a major axis trend in an ENE-WSW direction is almost parallel to the ENE-WSW trend of major lineament/fault in the area. As a result, the ENE-WSW lineament/ fault trend appears to be the causative fault for this quake. In addition, one of the nodal plane (NP2) striking 83°, with dip 81° and slip (rake) 38° obtained from fault plane solution USGS shows a similar trend to the direction of generated elliptical isoseismals pattern confirming the event ocurred along a major tectonic lineament in a strike-slip mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stream water plays an important role in the development of habitats. It is one of the important sources of water used for drinking and irrigation in the region. Before using, it is necessary to test the quality of all types of surface water available for various use. A geochemical study of stream water has been conducted in parts of Pratapgarh, Raebareli, and Allahabad districts of Uttar Pradesh to assess its suitability for domestic purposes and establish the baseline concentration of major ions, trace and REEs. 20 samples of stream water from different locations of 1st or 2nd order streams were collected during post-monsoon period, from 18th to 31st October 2021. Different hydrochemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), salinity, total dissolved solids (TDS), major cations and anions were analysed. In order to obtain maximum quality and purity of water, the stream water samples were analyzed by ICP-MS analytical method in the chemical lab for 47 trace elements including REEs contents. The obtained values of each parameter have been compared with the standard values recommended by BIS and WHO. The value of each element except uranium has been found to be within the desirable and permissible limits prescribed by BIS (2012) and WHO (2006). Selenium and arsenic have been found to be marginally exceed the permissible limits. The pH values of all stream waters in the study area range from 7.14 to 8.86 with an average value of 7.86 indicating an alkaline nature of stream water. The concentration of uranium in stream water varied from 1.5 ppb to 48.67 ppb with a mean value of 7.9 ppb. It is observed that wherever concentration of uranium in the samples increased, the pH as well as the bicarbonate level increased accordingly. Correlation coefficient revealed that uranium is strongly correlated with bicarbonate (r=0.67), moderately with sodium (r=6.1), and low positively correlated with the concentration of pH (r=0.34), EC (r=0.52), and salinity (r=0.52), indicates the same origin. Water quality index (WQI) of water was determined for suitability of drinking purpose, revealed that 65% water samples fall in excellent category and 30% water samples fall in good category while only 5% water sample are in poor category. Trilinear plot of sample shows that most of the stream water samples are Ca-Mg-HCO3 type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the explosion mechanism of type Ia supernova is among the most challenging issues in astrophysics. Accretion of matter on a carbon–oxygen (CO) white dwarf (WD) from a companion star is one of the most important keys in this regard. Our aim is to study the effects of WD composition on various parameters during the accretion of helium-rich matter at a slow rate. We have used the computer simulation code Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA) to understand the variations in the properties, such as specific heat ( C P ) and degeneracy parameter (η ). The profile of specific heat shows a discontinuity and that of the degeneracy parameter shows a dip near the ignition region. As expected, the size of WD decreases and g increases during the accretion. However, a red-giant-like expansion is observed after the rapid ignition towards the end. Our study explains the reason behind the delay in onset of helium ignition due to the difference in carbon abundance in a CO-WD. We found that WDs of the lower abundance of carbon, accrete slightly longer before the onset of helium ignition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clustered Regularly InterSpaced Palindromic Repeats is known as CRISPR. It is a protein that can be programmed to change, eliminate, or activate the genome. This cutting-edge technology offers a broad range of possible implementation and is poised to revolutionise oral healthcare in the years to come. The most widely utilised genome editing techniques include homing endonucleases, Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases, Zinc-Finger Nucleases, and CRISPR-CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9). These adaptable genome-editing tools can alter the genomes in ways that are sequence-specific. Because it is highly effective and accurate, the genome editing method CRISPR-Cas9 has drawn attention as a potent weapon in the fight against cancer. This method and its uses, particularly in dental field, are covered in this review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article, titled "Anaesthetic Management of Separation of Omphalopagus Conjoined Twins: A Case Report," discusses the anaesthetic management of the separation of omphalopagus conjoined twins. The authors emphasize the importance of an integrated approach, thorough preoperative evaluation and planning, vigilant intraoperative monitoring, and anticipation and management of complications. The case study presented involves the successful separation of omphalopagus conjoined twins at three days of life. The article provides insights into the challenges and considerations involved in the anaesthetic management of conjoined twins' separation surgery. [Extracted from the article]

Meteorological data-trend analysis is widely used as statistical method to access long-term changes in time-series of meteorological variables like precipitation, temperature, and evaporation. Understanding meteorological pattern of natural hazards like landslides, avalanches, and tsunami, is tough. Statistical computing, modelling and forecasting meteorological data are key instruments for studying hidden patterns. Long-term time-series of meteorological observations in mountainous terrain are rare in Indian Himalayan. This study proposes a framework including data selection, pre-processing, and knowledge discovery for Manali region in Pir Panjal Range. Pre-processing ensures data quality along with descriptive and inferential statistical methods used to understand data. Both parametric and non-parametric models are developed to investigate variations in 18 parameters. Trend magnitude for these parameters are determined and compared for three field observatories: Bahang, Solang, and Dhundi. An increasing seasonal trend was found for temperature (maximum, dry and wet), total water equivalent from beginning of season, and snow penetration for station data. Across observatories, many variables show no significant trend due to less and fluctuating data. Study also investigate significant relationship between features and the most correlated meteorological variables. It is useful for understanding changing meteorological status in the region for data prediction and interpolation. Correlation results can help in building better statistical regional models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID-19, a multi-system-affecting disease presents with an extensive clinical spectrum, ranging from no symptoms at all to fatal lung involvement. Several orofacial manifestations have also been reported, among which dysgeusia is one of the earliest reported symptoms. Several other manifestations of extensive variety have also been reported by various authors worldwide since the outbreak of the disease. This comprehensive review dispenses a synopsis of the orofacial manifestations of COVID-19 along with a working classification, the knowledge of which is of utmost importance to medical and dental professionals for early detection and prevention of transmission of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Mucormycosis is a life-threatening fungal disease in immunocompromised patients. There has been increase in the number of mucormycosis associated with COVID-19 patients in second wave. Now country battle with both COVID-19 and mucormycosis. An invasive mucormycosis infection has been a significant burden in India after COVID-19. It has been recently emerged a notifiable disease by the Rajasthan government. Our aim is to develop awareness regarding the importance of early detection and treatment of mucormycosis with COVID-19 and reduce the morbidity and mortality. Materials and Methods: This is a Prospective longitudinal study including 34 patients diagnosed with acute invasive fungal infection by contrast enhancement magnetic resonance imaging studies of paranasal, orbit and brain or nasal biopsy for KOH/culture. Diagnosis is made through routine blood tests, biopsy, and radiological imaging. The patients taken for the study were COVID-19 reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction positive or recent post COVID-19 (within 15 days) or symptoms of COVID-19 with bilateral pneumonitis. The study was conducted with 34 patients admitted to the department of medicine with mucormycosis within a month may 2021. Results: A total of 34 patients with a mean age of 50.92 years old and male female ratio 24/10 (70.5/29.41) were included in this study. The most common comorbidity was diabetes mellitus (23 patients 67.64%). Nine patients were newly diagnosed or recent onset of diabetes with or after COVID-19 infection. Twenty-four (70.58%) patients were COVID-19 positive or recent (within 15 days) history of COVID-19 positive. Seven (20.58) patients had the history of steroid as a treatment during COVID-19 and 5 (14.70) patients was on oxygen inhalation. One (2.94%) patient was fully vaccinated, and 5 (14.70) patients had the history of steam inhalation. The most common involvement was naso-orbital mucormycosis found in 28 patients (82.35%) followed by nasal-and orbital 26 (76.47) and 18 (52.94), respectively. Naso-Orbito-Cerebral was seen in 16 (47.05) patients. The more common reported symptoms and signs were headache (76.47), facial numbness (64.70), Nasal discharge (52.94), and ophthalmoplegia (52.94). Cranial nerve involvement was seen in 10 patients (facial palsy in 8 patients and bulbar palsy in 2 patients). Total mortality was 7 (7/34 20.58%). Conclusion: COVID-19 infection associated with the wide range of invasive mucormycosis. Early diagnosis and Clinical suspicion of acute invasive fungal sinusitis among COVID-19 patients is essential for better outcomes and higher survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Ternary metal oxide based i.e., VMZ/PPy NCs were synthesized. • Functionalization of NCs was carried out by the sulfate group. • NCs show 85 % inhibition efficiency for MS in an acidic medium. • NCs degrade 87 % of the methyl blue dye in 120 min under UV light. • VMZ/PPy NCs show conducting, paramagnetic, anticorrosive, and photocatalytic activity. The effect of functionalization of conducting polymer/metal nanocomposites with sulfate functional groups on their physical, chemical, mechanical, optical, and electrical properties was investigated. Vanadium, Manganese, and Zinc oxide nanoparticles were prepared by the modified Sol-gel method. Conducting polymer, Polypyrrole was synthesized by the chemical oxidation method. Polypyrrole + ternary metal oxide nanocomposites were synthesized by in situ technique. The characterization of functionalized nanocomposites was carried by Raman spectroscopy, FTIR, UV–visible, magnetic, SEM, and XRD techniques. The photocatalytic, anticorrosive, magnetic, optical, and electrical properties of functionalized nanocomposites were investigated. The functionalized nanocomposites show 85 % corrosion inhibition efficiency. The functionalized nanocomposites degrade 87 % of the methyl blue dye in 120 min under UV light. The magnetic study shows the paramagnetic character of functionalized nanocomposites. The optical band gap of functionalized nanocomposites decreases to 0.5 eV, showing a high order of conductivity. The sulfate-functionalized ternary metal oxide/polypyrrole nanocomposites show synergistic enhancement in their photocatalytic, electrical, magnetic, and anticorrosive properties. The effect of functionalization of conducting polymer/metal nanocomposites with sulfate functional groups on their physical, chemical, mechanical, optical, and electrical properties was investigated. Polypyrrole + ternary metal oxide nanocomposites were synthesized by in situ technique. The photocatalytic, anticorrosive, magnetic, optical, and electrical properties of functionalized nanocomposites were investigated. The functionalized nanocomposites show 85 % corrosion inhibition efficiency. The functionalized nanocomposites degrade 87 % of the methyl blue dye in 120 min under UV light. The magnetic study shows the paramagnetic character of functionalized nanocomposites. The optical band gap of functionalized nanocomposites decreases to 0.5 eV, showing a high order of conductivity. The sulfate-functionalized ternary metal oxide/polypyrrole nanocomposites show synergistic enhancement in their photocatalytic, electrical, magnetic, and anticorrosive properties. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: In the present work, the intrinsic parametric quantities of the solar cell are attempted to determine by the proposed Lambert W‐based double‐diode model as a novel hybrid approach. The proposed hybrid approach is tested with three metaheuristic algorithms. The solar cell double‐diode model parameters are optimized by three different metaheuristic methods viz., Ant Lion Optimizer, firefly algorithm, and sine‐cosine algorithm. The conventional solar cell model equation is non‐linear in nature. An equivalent equation in terms of the Lambert W function is used for the optimization process. The performance of these three methods is compared by their respective root‐mean‐squared‐error value, convergence process, and optimization time. The proposed hybrid approach method of optimization has yielded good RMSE values in the order of 10−3 for the three tested metaheuristic algorithms. It is found that among the three proposed methods, Lambert W‐based sine‐cosine algorithm outperforms the other two methods and is considered to be a promising technique for investigating photovoltaic performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mixed metal nanocomposites encapsulated with conducting polymer plastic may show synergistic effects in their properties resulting in unique applications in optoelectronic, conducting material, recording tapes, data‐storing quantum dots, catalysis, sensors, adsorption, purification, seperation, biosensors, antibacterial, and anti‐corrosive agents. Encapsulation of Ni/Cu/ZnO (NCZ) nanocomposites (NCs) with polyaniline (PANI) plastic by in situ method results in unique properties. A modified sol‐gel method was used for synthesizing mixed metal NCs. The PANI was synthesized by the chemical‐oxidative method. TEM, FTIR, FESEM, UV‐visible, and XRD techniques were used for characterizing NCZ NCs, PANI, and NCZ/PANI NCs. The theoretical (computational) study was carried out to support the experimental results. The adsorption, magnetic, photocatalytic, photoluminescence, electrical, antibacterial, and anticorrosive properties of NCs were explored. The NCZ/PANI NCs were proved paramagnetic. The optical band gap of NCs observed from UV‐visible and computational techniques were comparable i. e., ∼2.32 eV. The NCs show 86.5 % corrosion inhibition efficiency for mild steel in acidic medium. The adsorption power of the Silica gel/NCs column was greater than the pure silica gel column. The NCs degrade methyl‐red dye in UV light. The antibacterial activity was investigated against E. coli (‐) and bacillus (+). No significant antibacterial activity was observed. The synthesized NCZ/PANI NCs were proved to be very good nanomaterials for adsorption, separation, magnetic, photocatalytic, electrical, and corrosion inhibitor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globally, millions of people are rapidly infected with COVID-19 and it has spread worldwide from January 2020 to till date. Coronavirus mostly affects the respiratory system; it can also result in several multisystem complications. This is a case series of four patients admitted in the department of medicine with post-COVID-19 Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). SARS-CoV-2 mainly affects the respiratory system but multiple organ damage is being reported recently, neurologic damage is one of them. SARS-CoV-2 causes neurologic damage including, by direct attack the nervous system through angiotensin-converting enzyme receptor, secondary to an immune reaction against SARS-CoV-2, retrograde transport, cytokine, and hypoxia-related injury. However, pathogenesis is not fully understood. It is hypothesized that the cause of GBS in covid patients is due to immune-mediated. It is hypothesized that inflammatory cytokines may play a role in an immune-mediated neuropathy. In this era of pandemic, we are concern about the involvement of respiratory and gastrointestinal systems only, involvement of other systems is underestimated. It is very important to be aware of association of GBS with COVID-19. Although neurological involvement in COVID-19 is rare, early diagnosis and treatment can reduce morbidity and mortality. We should always think about COVID-19 infection in a patients presented with GBS after respiratory or gastrointestinal involvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents entropy stable discontinuous Galerkin numerical schemes for equations of special relativistic hydrodynamics with the ideal equation of state. The numerical schemes use the summation by parts (SBP) property of the Gauss-Lobatto quadrature rules. To achieve entropy stability for the scheme, we use two-point entropy conservative numerical flux inside the cells and a suitable entropy stable numerical flux at the cell interfaces. The resulting semi-discrete scheme is then shown to be entropy stable. Time discretization is performed using SSP Runge-Kutta methods. Several numerical test cases are presented to validate the accuracy and stability of the proposed schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The synthesis of innovative nanocomposites (NCs) using reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and Al 2 O 3 -ZnO-TiO 2 (AZT) nanoparticles (NPs) was achieved through a controlled hydrothermal process, resulting in synergistic nano-materials with enhanced magnetic, anticorrosive, antimicrobial, and photocatalytic characteristics. The structure and properties of the NCs were characterized using X-ray diffraction, SEM, UV–visible, and FTIR techniques. The synergistic combination of rGO and AZT NPs shows improved magnetic, antimicrobial activity (against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria), anti-corrosive, and photocatalytic activity. The photocatalytic activity was tested for the degradation of methylene blue dye in UV light. The NCs decompose 82.2 % of methylene blue dye in 230 min. The corrosion inhibition efficiency of NCs was tested against MS in 0.1 N HCl at room temperature and found to be 54.51 %. The induced current inside the NCs increases with the strength of the applied magnetic field. The NCs show paramagnetic character. The zone of inhibition was investigated against E. coli and S. aureus bacterial strains at different concentrations. The DFT study supported experimental data. AZT@rGO NCs have potential applications in water purification, biomedical devices, anticorrosive and environmental remediation, contributing to the advancement of nanotechnology and materials science. [Display omitted] • Novel NCs were synthesized using rGO and AZT NPs using the hydrothermal method. • Photocatalytic activity tested for MO dye in UV and visible light. • CIE was tested against MS in 0.1 N HCl, and efficiency was 54.5%. • ZOI was tested against E. coli and S. aureus bacteria strains. • Experimental data was compared with the DFT study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The oxidation of graphite to graphene oxide (GO) is a widely used approach to exfoliate graphite. Nevertheless, achieving precise control over the degree of oxidation and the resulting properties of GO has considerable challenges. In this study, we demonstrate that using sonication during the oxidation of graphite by Hummers' method alters the chemistry and properties of the GO. Contrary to our expectations, we found that sonication slows the oxidation of graphite by impeding the intercalation of sulfuric acid. This results in fewer oxygen-containing functional groups on the GO and minimizes functionalization of the basal plane of the graphene oxide sheets, leading to superior electrochemical and mechanical properties of GO-based composites compared to GO synthesized without sonication. In this study, we use X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry, and compression testing to quantify the effects of sonication during oxidation and propose the mechanism leading to those effects. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synergistic nano-materials composed of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and Al 2 O 3 -Mn 3 O 4 -Fe 2 O 3 (AMF) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized having enhanced properties. The synergistic combination of rGO and AMF NPs resulted in enhanced magnetic properties and improved anticorrosive and photocatalytic activity. The photocatalytic activity was tested for the degradation of organic dye (methylene blue) under UV-A and B lamps. The NCs exhibited ferromagnetic character. These innovative AMF@rGO NCs might be used in biomedical devices, water purification, environmental remediation, and anticorrosive applications, improving the fields of materials science and nanotechnology. [Display omitted] • rGO-based NCs were synthesized using Al 2 O 3 /Mn 3 O 4 /Fe 2 O 3 NPs. • NCs degrade 65 % of MB dye after UV light exposure in 60 min. • Shows 98.24 % corrosion inhibition efficiency in 1.0 N H 2 SO 4 at 10 ppm. • Contributes to the advancement of Materials Science and Nanotechnology. Synergistic nanomaterials with enhanced electrical, magnetic, anticorrosive, and photocatalytic characteristics were synthesized through a controlled hydrothermal process using a reduced graphene oxide matrix for entrapping Al 2 O 3 -Mn 3 O 4 -Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles. The structure and properties of the nanocomposites were characterized using X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy, Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniques. The synergistic combination of reduced graphene oxide and ternary metal oxide nanoparticles resulted in enhanced magnetic properties and improved anticorrosive and photocatalytic activity. The photocatalytic activity was tested for the degradation of organic dye (methylene blue) under ultraviolet-A and B lamps. The induced current increased with the strength of the applied magnetic field. The nanocomposites exhibited a paramagnetic character. The photocatalytic properties of the nanocomposites were investigated with time using an ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometer. The nanocomposites degrades 65 % of methylene blue dye in 60 min. of UV light exposure. The nanocomposites show a maximum of 98.24 % corrosion inhibition efficiency for mild steel in 1.0 M H 2 SO 4 medium. These innovative ternary metal oxides embedded in reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites might be used in water purification, environmental remediation, and anticorrosive applications, improving the fields of materials science and nanotechnology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a dual perspective regarding agricultural materials. The first one is regarding the removal of certain chemical elements for specific applications, and the second one is regarding the recovery of certain elements to make them more appealing. The most appropriate use of agricultural and industrial waste materials demands the development of knowledge insights as a requirement for setting up of demonstration plants on a pilot basis and large-scale industrial adoption resulting in all associated socio-economic benefits. The Stir casting method is employed to fabricate the Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) material for the application of various industrial products. In the present paper, Aluminum (Al6061) hybrid composite is fabricated and reinforced with Silicon Carbide (SiC), Alumina (Al2O3), Zirconia (ZrSiO4) and agro-waste material, such as Rice Husk Ash (RHA) particles of various configurations. The amount of reinforcement varies SiC (0–2.5 wt%), Al2O3 (0–1.1 wt%), ZrSiO4 (0–0.5 wt%) and RHA (0–1.4 wt%). The effect of reinforcement SiC, Al2O3, ZrSiO4 and RHA on ultimate tensile strength (σut), yield strength (σyt), elongation, breaking strength (σb) and hardness has been studied. Experimental results revealed that hybrid metal matrix composites are improved for σut and σyt by 45.03% and 82.1%. The elongation and hardness of the composite are also enhanced by 19.43% and 12.72% from the base material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Maternal and child health implementation plan development in districts of India lacks systematic process and capacity resulting in suboptimal health improvements. There is ineffective and limited participation and lack of autonomy to effect changes in district priorities. Objectives: Primary objective was to demonstrate a systematic planning approach to develop evidence-based district implementation plans for mothers and children. Methods: A planning tool named RAASTA (RMNCH + A Action Agenda using Strategic Approach for evidence-based district work plans) adapted from WHO (World Health Organization) program review tools was used in the states of Uttarakhand and Jharkhand. The tool was implemented in the two states for the development of implementation plans in a 6-step process by prioritizing district health goals; reviewing maternal, neonatal, child, and family planning intervention coverage; and linking them with activity implementation status; assessing strengths, and weaknesses of previous implementation plans and developing solutions based on current gaps in intervention coverage's. Results: Tool was used for capacity building of 59 participants and also identification of prioritized activities based on their available data. Several newer activities were identified. The districts mainstreamed them as action plans, many of which were incorporated in the state Program Implementation Plan for budgetary provisions under state NHM (National Health Mission) funds. Conclusion: The use of a tool facilitated the systematic development of evidence-based district implementation plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To address pneumonia, a major killer of under-5 children in India, a multimodal pulse oximeter was implemented in Health and Wellness Centers. Given the evidence of pulse oximetry in effective pneumonia management and taking into account the inadequate skills of front-line healthcare workers in case management, the device was introduced to help them readily diagnose and treat a child and to examine usability of the device. Design: The implementation was integrated with the routine OPD of primary health centers for 15 months after healthcare workers were provided with an abridged IMNCI training. Monthly facility data was collected to examine case management with the diagnostic device. Feedback on usefulness of the device was obtained. Setting: Health and Wellness Centers (19) of 7 states were selected in consultation with state National Health Mission based on patient footfall. Participants: Under-5 children presenting with ARI symptoms at the OPD. Results: Of 4846 children, 0.1% were diagnosed with severe pneumonia and 23% were diagnosed with pneumonia. As per device readings, correct referrals were made of 77.6% of cases of severe pneumonia, and 81% of pneumonia cases were correctly given antibiotics. The Pulse oximeter was highly acceptable among health workers as it helped in timely classification and treatment of pneumonia. It had no maintenance issue and battery was long-lasting. Conclusion: Pulse oximeter implementation was doable and acceptable among health workers. Together with IMNCI training, PO in primary care settings is a feasible approach to provide equitable care to under-5 children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on the synthesis of aluminum oxide nanoparticles (AlO‐NPs) hydrogel through in situ method and formation of biopolymer nanocomposite film. UV–Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), particle size analyzer, and energy dispersive X‐ray spectrum were performed for the characterization of AlO‐NPs. TEM micrograph demonstrates the presence of AlO‐NPs in the range of 50–100 nm in the hydrogel network made from sugarcane bagasse carboxymethyl cellulose (SB‐CMC) and synthetic carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). The successful absorptions peak at 210 nm while conducting UV–Vis spectroscopy suggests existence of AlO‐NPs. The antibacterial properties of AlO‐NPs were analyzed using the disc plate diffusion technique against Gram‐negative bacteria: Escherichia coli (ATCC 433); and Gram‐positive bacteria: Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 1688). AlO‐NPs present in CMCs films reduce moisture content, solubility; elongation at break and increases films' tensile strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amberboa ramosa Roxb. (Asteraceae), commonly known as "Badaward", has been used for the treatment of tumors from ancient times. In this study, we aimed to scientifically authenticate the use of A. ramosa for breast cancer treatment. The whole plant fractions of A. ramosa were evaluated for their cytotoxic properties against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. Among these fractions, Pet. ether, ethyl acetate, and ethanolic fractions exhibited considerable levels of cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 cells with IC 5 0 values of 78.55, 90.60, and 92.92 μ g/mL, respectively. The cell migration significantly decreased in ethyl acetate and ethanolic fractions. GC–MS was used to analyze the phytochemical profile of bioactive fractions, which revealed the presence of long-chain hydrocarbons, carboxylic acids, esters, alcohols, and terpenoids. Subsequently, the 96 compounds present in bioactive fractions were efficiently docked with EGFR and microtubule protein to evaluate affinity towards the targets. Eight common compounds were achieved using a docking-based approach against both target proteins, which showed similar interaction patterns as the reference inhibitors (colchicine and erlotinib). The key interactions revealed the potential of screened compounds as promising hits. 2-[1,2-Dihydroxyethyl]-9-[ α -d-ribofuranosyl]hypoxanthine showed the best dock score of −9.337 and −8.548 kcal/mol against EGFR and microtubule, respectively. 5-Oxo-cystofuranoquinol exhibited better dock score as well as binding energy against both targets. Chemical features present in the 08 dual inhibitors were also matched from the present EGFR and microtubule inhibitors for comparing the anticancer potential. Thus, this research revealed many new directions for developing natural lead compounds from Amberboa ramosa as dual inhibitors for treating breast cancer. GCMS-based phytochemical profiling and in-vitro anticancer activity were performed on the fractions of A. ramosa whole plant extract. Further, in silico assessment of the phytoconstituents from the top fraction highlighted their potential as EGFR and microtubule inhibitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To understand the break-up fusion reaction dynamics, the forward recoil range distribution (FRRD) measurements of 12C + 165Ho system at the incident projectile energy of ≈ 88 MeV has been performed. The recoil catcher activation technique followed by the off-line gamma ray spectroscopy was implemented. It is observed that the FRRD measurements of the evaporation residues (ERs) populated via xn and pxn channels have a single Guassian peak at large cumulative thickness. This is attributed to complete momentum transfer from the projectile to the target nucleus. However, in case of the FRRD measurements of the ERs populated via αxn, αpxn and 2αxn emitting channels, in addition to peak corresponding to complete momentum transfer, the Gaussian peaks at lower cumulative thicknesses are also observed. This is accredited to the breakup fusion. Moreover, the effect of projectile breakup on complete fusion cross section is also studied. The suppression in fusion cross section is observed when compared with the universal fusion function, thus indicating the breakup probability of 12C projectile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With an exponential increase in consumers' need for electronic products, the world is facing an ever-increasing economic and environmental threat of electronic waste (e-waste). To minimize their adverse effects, e-waste recycling is one of the pivotal factors that can help in minimizing the environmental pollution andto increase recovery of valuable materials. For instance, Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs), while they have several valuable elements, they are hazardous too; and therefore, they form a large chunk of e-waste being generated today. Thus, in recycling PCBs, Electronic Components (ECs) are segregated at first, and separately processed for recovering key elements that could be re-used. However, in the current recycling process, especially in developing nations, humans manually screen ECs, which goes on to affect their health. It also causes losses of valuable materials. Therefore, automated solutions need to be adopted for both to classify and to segregate ECs from waste PCBs. The study proposes a robust EC identification system based on computer vision and deep learning algorithms (YOLOv3) to automate sorting process which would help in further processing. The study uses a publicly available dataset, and a PCB dataset which reflect challenging recycling environments like lighting conditions, cast shadows, orientations, viewpoints, and different cameras/resolutions. The outcome of YOLOv3 detection model based on training of both datasets presents satisfactory classification accuracy and capability of real-time competent identification, which in turn, could help in automatically segregating ECs, while leading towards effective e-waste recycling. • Methodology to automatically identify and classify electronic components from Waste Printed Circuits Boards. • Use of Computer Vision algorithm to detect Integrated Circuits in real-time. • Comparative performance analysis of the trained model using two distinct datasets. • Robust model with consistent performance regarding the recycling conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a correction notice for an article titled "Unveiling the potential of Trichoderma harzianum against Heterodera cajani in pigeon pea: impact on cysts, egg and juveniles abundance" published in the Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control. The correction addresses an incomplete affiliation for one of the authors, which has now been corrected. The publisher, Springer Nature, maintains a neutral stance on jurisdictional claims and institutional affiliations. The authors express their gratitude for acknowledging this correction. [Extracted from the article]

This review paper focuses on the usage of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and conducting polymer (polyaniline, and polythiophene) based nanocomposites for environmental remediation. The main focus is on the synthesis, functionalization, modification, and adsorption behavior of conducting polymer and CNTs-based nanocomposite towards the removal of pollutants (organic dyes, heavy metal ions, and emerging waste) from the environment. The starting from the important historical journey to the latest developments in CNTs and conducting polymer based nanocomposite for environmental pollutant removal were discussed in detail. [Display omitted] • Conducting polymer and Carbon nanotube-based nanocomposites are used in environmental remediation. • Properties like surface area, conductivity, and reactivity, help in pollutant removal. • Research and development has promise for addressing environmental challenges and remediation. • Nanocomposites has proved efficient adsorbents for the removal of different environmental pollutants. Water quality degradation and the scarcity of pure drinking water are the current global issues. Toxic organic and inorganic contaminants must be removed from the water to maintain a clean environment, overcome the problem of shortage of pure drinking water, and for a balanced ecosystem. Many innovative ideas and techniques have been developed in the last few decades to deal with environmental remediation problems. Adsorption, purification, and separation technologies involving nanomaterials and is regarded as the most effective techniques for treating wastewater due to their effectiveness, adaptability, low cost, simplicity, environmental friendliness, and selectivity for heavy toxic metals and organic dyes. Due to their unique properties and benefits, like easy manufacturing, lower price, good environmental stability, simple acid-base doping/de-doping procedure, and adjustable properties, conducting polymers (CPs) like polyaniline, polythiophene, etc. based nanocomposites (NCs) are receiving increasing academic interest. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are gaining popularity as an efficient and sustainable substitute to traditional adsorbents for water purification due to their superior surface properties, ease of regrowth, large surface area, regulated structural variety, excessive chemical stability, porosity, low density, and reusability. This review paper focuses on the usage of CNTs and CPs (polyaniline, and polythiophene) based NCs for environmental remediation. The main focus is on the synthesis, functionalization, modification, and adsorption behavior of CPs and CNTs-based NCs toward the removal of pollutants (organic dyes, heavy metal ions, and emerging waste) from the environment. The starting from the important historical journey to the latest developments in CNTs and CPs-based NCs for environmental pollutant removal were discussed in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ternary metal nanocomposites were characterized using FT-IR, FE-SEM, UV–Vis, and X-ray diffraction (PXRD and GID) studies. Nanocomposite (Cu/Fe/NiO) modified working electrode was fabricated for voltammetric detection of Tartrazine dye in soft drink. A wide concentration range (0–500 µM) was used for the voltammetric sensing of Tartrazine dye. Voltammetric techniques like linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and cyclic voltammetry (CV) were used for the electrochemical characterization of dye. The sensor shows a good electrochemical oxidation peak in 0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer solution (pH 6.0) as supporting electrolyte at a scan rate of 0.01 mVs−1. Impedance spectroscopy (IS) technique was applied to examine the working electrode–electrolyte interface and film resistance. The effect of pH and scan rate on the electrochemical oxidation of Tartrazine was also examined. Lowest detection limit of Tartrazine was 0.06 µM. [Display omitted] • An efficient, quick and reliable voltammetric sensor was developed. • WE was modified using ternary metal oxide Nanocomposites. • CV, LSV, and DPV electrochemical techniques were used. • Tartrazine dye was detected in real and artificial food samples. Monitoring synthetic dyes in foodstuffs holds significant importance owing to their adverse effects on human health. A modified Sol-gel process was used for synthesizing mixed metal (Copper, Iron, and Nickel oxides) nanocomposites (NCs). Ternary metal NCs were characterized using FT-IR, FE-SEM, UV–Vis, and X-ray diffraction (PXRD and GID) studies. NCs (Cu/Fe/NiO) modified working electrode was fabricated for Voltammetric detection of Tartrazine dye in soft drinks. A wide concentration range (0–500 µM) was used for the Voltammetric sensing of Tartrazine dye. Voltammetric techniques like Linear Sweep Voltammetry (LSV), Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV), and Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) were used for the electrochemical characterization of dye. The sensor shows a good electrochemical oxidation peak in 0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer solution (pH 6.0) as a supporting electrolyte at a scan rate of 0.01 mV s−1. The impedance spectroscopy (IS) technique was applied to examine the working electrode–electrolyte interface and film resistance. A comparative study of the sensor was done with a bare glassy carbon electrode (GCE), and a Cu-wire electrode using the CV technique. The NCs modified working electrode shows a higher oxidative peak in comparison to bare GCE and Cu-wire electrodes for sensing dye. The effect of pH and scan rate on the electrochemical oxidation of Tartrazine was also examined. The lowest detection limit of Tartrazine was 0.010 µM. The fabricated working electrode shows high sensing capability for Tartrazine dye in natural and synthetic samples. The developed sensor proved to be cost-effective, and reliable for detecting food preservatives, additives, and coloring agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To address pneumonia, a major killer of under-5 children in India, a multimodal pulse oximeter was implemented in Health and Wellness Centers. Given the evidence of pulse oximetry in effective pneumonia management and taking into account the inadequate skills of front-line healthcare workers in case management, the device was introduced to help them readily diagnose and treat a child and to examine usability of the device. Design: The implementation was integrated with the routine OPD of primary health centers for 15 months after healthcare workers were provided with an abridged IMNCI training. Monthly facility data was collected to examine case management with the diagnostic device. Feedback on usefulness of the device was obtained. Setting: Health and Wellness Centers (19) of 7 states were selected in consultation with state National Health Mission based on patient footfall. Participants: Under-5 children presenting with ARI symptoms at the OPD. Results: Of 4846 children, 0.1% were diagnosed with severe pneumonia and 23% were diagnosed with pneumonia. As per device readings, correct referrals were made of 77.6% of cases of severe pneumonia, and 81% of pneumonia cases were correctly given antibiotics. The Pulse oximeter was highly acceptable among health workers as it helped in timely classification and treatment of pneumonia. It had no maintenance issue and battery was long-lasting. Conclusion: Pulse oximeter implementation was doable and acceptable among health workers. Together with IMNCI training, PO in primary care settings is a feasible approach to provide equitable care to under-5 children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & objectives: Several studies on mind-body relaxation techniques have demonstrated a reduction in psychological stress levels. Implementation of such cost-effective, persons suffering from chronic disorders would be beneficial for the diabetic population. This study was undertaken to understand the effect of Integrated Amrita Meditation® technique (IAM®) technique on stress and its benefit in attaining a better glycaemic control. Methods: Thirty type 2 diabetic patients aged between 30 and 65 yr were consecutively recruited for the study. They were randomly allocated to IAM® and control groups. Weight, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and perceived stress scale (PSS) were the variables assessed pre- and post-intervention during the three-month study period. Results: The mean changes between baseline and three months in the experimental group showed statistically significant decrease in HbA1c (P=0.018) as well as psychological stress (P<0.001), whereas an increase in weight (P=0.046) and FBG (P=0.029) was observed in the control group. When the pre- and post-mean changes of the study variables were assessed between the two groups, the differences obtained were statistically significant for weight (P=0.048), BMI (P=0.055), HbA1c (P=0.034) and PSS (P≤0.001). Interpretation & conclusions: The findings suggest that stress is an important risk factor hindering the glycaemic control of diabetic patients. Through reduction of psychological stress by IAM® practice, diabetic patients can attain a better glycaemic control along with the usual treatment regimens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to understand the impact of demographic and social variables on consumer attitudes and purchase intentions towards eco-friendly products. The research design used in the study is descriptive research. Primary data were collected from respondents in Dehradun, Uttarakhand, using a structured questionnaire. A total of 500 respondents were considered for the study. Secondary sources of information included various research publications, published newspapers, online and printed journals, magazines, websites and books. The study reveals a significant impact of demographic and social variables on consumer consumption of 'green' products. It explores the differences in attitude between 'green' and 'non-green' consumers regarding social and demographic dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study attempts to investigate the factors underlying fluctuations in the purchase intentions of consumers towards selected green products specified herein as fast-moving consumer goods (FMCGs). A survey was conducted covering 500 respondents associated with four retail outlets selling green products and conventional products in Dehradun, Uttarakhand. Factor analysis was first applied to the survey data to reduce the number of variables to be considered in the process of investigation without losing the significance of the explanatory power of variables. This led to the extraction of the maximum common variance from all variables. Simple regression analysis was then carried out to understand the relationship between the dependent variable (purchase intention) and the independent variables (brand consciousness, perceived quality of products, price sensitivity and product availability). The results show that brand consciousness, perceived quality of products, price sensitivity and product availability have significant effects on the purchase intention of consumers towards green products. The relative importance of the factors that affect consumers' purchase intention has been analysed, and the practical and theoretical implications of the results of the study are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Optimal management of metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) at presentation is debatable. The aim of this study was to investigate the treatment outcome of patients with metastatic NPC treated with concurrent chemoradiation or with radiation alone and to analyze the factors that correlate with the outcome. Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients with metastatic NPC treated in Cancer Institute, Chennai, from 1996 to 2015 with either chemoradiation or only radiation. Factors including age, sex, stage, treatment type, and type of metastasis were correlated with the outcome. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20, and survival was estimated by Kaplan-Meier's curve. Results: A total of 515 patients with NPC were treated during this period, and among them, 74 patients (14%) had metastasis at the time of presentation. The median follow-up was 14 months; the median progression-free survival and overall survival (OS) were 11 months and 19 months, respectively. About 72% (n = 53) were treated with chemoradiation and the rest 28% (n = 21) were treated with radiation alone. The 3-year OS was better in patients who received chemoradiation (39%) as compared to those who received only radiation (23.8%). Patients with the bone-only site of metastasis had better survival. Among them patients with oligometastatic bone disease (1-3 sites) had a better 3-year OS (51%) as compared to multiple bone metastasis (>3) 15.8%. Conclusion: Chemoradiation can be an option to treat metastatic NPC. Patients with oligometastatic bone disease had better survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cloud computing has emerged as the most effective distributed computing paradigm. It has grabbed the attention of many organizations owing to its business prospects and significant features like agility and flexibility. Dynamic scalability of cloud services and availability of number of homogenous cloud service providers in market make it difficult for the provider to fix the prices of cloud services, especially on-demand Infrastructure-as-a-Service cloud service instances. It is quite problematic for provider to map the dynamics of prices with the variation in service requirement and satisfying the users' quality of service requirement simultaneously. At the same time, it is very essential for the provider to determine the lower bound price of the services beyond which he could not afford the provisioning of the services. This paper presents dynamic demand-based pricing model for on-demand IaaS cloud service instances that will assist the provider to dynamically determine the price of provisioning the cloud services by considering the provider's and users' utility concurrently. Genetic algorithm is applied for the optimized evaluation users' request parameters and provider's computation capacity that will minimize the cost of execution. Experimental results demonstrate that price evaluation is more efficient and users' utility increases considerably using the proposed framework in comparison with the existing utility-based pricing model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]