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This study adopts a novel structure design of large-area planar metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell (MS-SOFC), which exhibits the characteristics of self-sealing and high thermal cycling resistance. The self-sealing structure of MS-SOFCs is achieved by brazing technology. Plasma spraying is performed to prepare all functional layers of cells. The size of cells is 10 × 10 cm2. The coefficients of thermal expansion of relevant parts (i.e., porous metal support, interconnector and compound structure of both) and the electrical conductivity of brazing solder were measured. The microstructure of brazing area was observed in situ at 800 °C for 500 h, and the distribution of fuel gas in the interconnector was simulated. The performance of cells was characterized and found that the maximum power density can reach up to 716 mW cm−2 at 700 °C. Moreover, the long-term stability of the cell was investigated for about 500 h with 6 times of thermal cycling implemented during this period. The open circuit voltage and the maximum power density of the cell showed a good stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel self-sealing structure for metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells (MS-SOFCs) is designed by applying brazing technology between the metal support and interconnector to solve the sealing problem on the anode side of planar SOFCs. A high-reliability self-sealing effect is thus realized at the anode side of the MS-SOFC. Plasma spraying technology is used to prepare cell functional layers including the anode, cathode, and electrolyte. A single cell is assembled with a 50–60-μm plasma-sprayed Sc2O3-stabilized ZrO2 (ScSZ) electrolyte layer. The gas permeability of the self-sealed MS-SOFC without a cathode layer is 0.42 × 10−17 m2. The open-circuit voltage of the cell is ~ 1.1 V in the operating temperature range from 550 to 750 °C. The power density of the cell reaches 1109 mW cm−2 at 750 °C under standard atmosphere. In addition, the use of a fuel gas pressure that is 20 kPa higher than the cathodic gas pressure results in a significant increase in the power density to 1782 mW cm−2 at 750 °C. The novel cell structure and gas tightness of the ScSZ electrolyte prepared by plasma spraying indicates that it can meet the requirements of SOFC applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A well-connected and high-porosity current collector layer fabricated at a low temperature of 550 °C is designed for metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). Reduced Mn 1.5 Co 1.5 O 4 (MCO) powders are used as the binder through the reforming of MCO in the air atmosphere. A high conductivity phase La 0.6 Sr 0.4 Co 0.2 Fe 0.8 O 3 (LSCF) is added to keep the porous frame microstructure and decease the ohmic polarization of the current collector layer. Three current collector layers are prepared: MCO, MCO/LSCF, and LSCF. The working state of each current collector layer in planar SOFC stack is reproduced by special experimental design; the performance is tested in the range of 550–750 °C. The results show that the current collector layer for SOFC is achieved at low temperatures using the reduction-oxidation properties of MCO, and the performance is improved by adding high conductivity phase LSCF. The gas distribution at the cathode side is also simulated for designing a high performance SOFC. • A high-porosity current collector layer is fabricated at 550°C. • The real working state of the current collector layer is reproduced. • The gas distribution is simulated for designing a current collector layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While porous metal-supported solid fuel oxide cells (PMS-SOFCs) have the potential to decrease the cost and increase the start-up speed of power units, the available fabrication processes remain too cumbersome for industrial production. In this study, we prepared bulk-like strontium and magnesium-doped lanthanum gallate (LSGM) coatings using atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) at an increased particle temperature. The large equiaxed grains inside the coatings indicated the epitaxial growth of the splat interfaces and improvement in the coating quality. With increased particle temperature, the conductivity of dense LSGM coatings directly deposited by APS was comparable to that of the bulk material, and cell performance was also significantly enhanced. The maximum power density of the PMS-SOFC at 700 °C was 831 mW cm−2 and 596 mW cm−2 when high and low particle temperatures were used, respectively. These results indicated that the quality of the coating was improved by increasing the in-flight particle temperature. [Display omitted] • LSGM coatings become very dense benefited from the increased particle temperature. • The densification mechanism is from the epitaxial growth of the interfaces. • The conductivity of the LSGM coating is comparable to the bulk from sintering. • The MPD reaches 831 mW cm−2 at 700 °C based on the increased particle temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The naturally scarce eupholathone-type euphornin E (1) was efficiently prepared from abundant lathyrane-type Euphorbia factor L1via a visible-light-induced Sc(OTf)3-catalyzed tandem process. Eupholathones 2 and 3 were also smoothly obtained by changing the reaction solvent. This route provides a convenient method for easily constructing scarce eupholathone- from lathyrane-type Euphorbia diterpenes, and confirms the biogenetic relationship between them from a chemical standpoint. Notably, compound 1 exhibited good anti-HIV activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The leaves and bark of Lindera fragrans herbs have been conventionally used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) as qi regulating drugs. This work was aimed to study the chemical constituents, possible antidepressant activity and mechanism of ethanol extract from L. fragrans leaves. In this study, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Orbirap HRMS) technology was used to analyze and identify chemical components of the ethanol extract of L. fragrans leaves. In addition, chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model was established to measure the behavioral indexes of L. fragrans leaves extract on depressed mice, including weight, sucrose preference, tail suspension time, and serum corticosterone (CORT), serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) detected by ELISA. The results indicate that L. fragrans leaves extract contains approximately 22 compounds and can significantly increase the sucrose preference, reduce the tail suspension time, and regulate the levels of CORT, 5-HT and NE in CUMS depressed mice. This research proved for the first time that L. fragrans leaves extract treatment successfully reduced chronic mild stress-induced depressive-like behaviors in mice, as well as CUMS mice hyperactivity on the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) has been proposed to provide guidance for the improved postoperative rehabilitation of patients with occipitocervical region disease (ORD). Methods: This study retrospectively investigated 208 consecutive patients (116 men and 92 women) ranging in age from 22 to 76 years with ORD between July 2014 and June 2017 in our medical center, who were divided into three groups that received different preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative management plans: traditional group (n = 73), ameliorated group (n = 70), and ERAS group (n = 65). We compiled a range of data relating to demographics and postoperative changes in hemoglobin and albumin, surgery duration, intraoperative blood loss, number of postoperative hospitalization days and expenses, readmission rates, and visual analog scale pain symptoms. Data were statistically evaluated using one‐way analysis of variance with Student–Newman–Keuls‐q post hoc tests or chi‐square tests. Results: There were no significant differences in terms of age (P = 0.235), gender (P = 0.691), body mass index (P = 0.723), American Society of Anesthesiologists grade (0.747), lesion character (P = 0.337) and lesion site (P = 0.957) between the three groups. Within a 6 months follow‐up period, there was no significant difference between the three groups in terms of surgery duration (P = 0.225), blood loss (P = 0.172), changes in hemoglobin (P = 0.255) and albumin (P = 0.178). However, postoperative hospitalization days (P = 0.000), postoperative costs (P = 0.019) and improvement of pain symptoms (P = 0.000) in ERAS group were significantly lower or higher than those in traditional group or ameliorated group, respectively. There were 29 (39.73%), 22 (31.43%), and 13 (20.00%), recorded cases of postoperative complications in traditional group, ameliorated group and ERAS group, respectively; complications in ERAS group were significantly lower than those in other two groups (P = 0.043). Moreover, all of the complications were mitigated effectively by the infusion of fluid, analgesia, treatment of infections, or antiemetic medications. There were 2 (2.74%), 3 (4.29%) and 2 (3.08%), recorded cases of re‐admission in traditional group, ameliorated group and ERAS group, respectively, but there were no statistically significant differences when compared across the three groups (P = 0.866). Conclusions: ERAS can provide benefits when it applied to patients undergoing ORD surgery mainly in terms of reducing postoperative complications, however, ERAS does not increase the economic burden of patients or decrease the risk of readmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report here a stereoselective [3+2] cyclization of 5‐alkenyl thiazolones and ketimines that allows the assembly of three diastereoisomers through the combination of stereodivergent organocatalysis and the following diastereoselective transformation of products. A broad spectrum of pyrrolidinyl spirooxindoles featuring stereochemical diversity has been synthesized through organocatalytic formal 1,3‐dipolar cycloadditions with up to 98% yield, >20:1 dr and 99:1 er. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives To report *The first two authors contributed equally to this work.our clinical experience on diagnostic criteria and endovascular management in patients with iliac venous compression syndrome. Method Between July 2013 and May 2015, 85 consecutive patients with suspected iliac venous compression syndrome were evaluated by transfemoral venography and intravascular ultrasonography. Venographic evidence of iliac venous occlusion, stenosis, or pelvic collateral vessels, and the degree of stenosis as examined with intravascular ultrasonography were recorded. The endovascular procedure, complications, clinical outcome, and the Venous Clinical Severity Score were evaluated before and after the intervention. Results Of the 85 limbs, 66 cases of iliac venous compression syndrome were confirmed and 19 cases were excluded. In all of the 66 patients, we successfully performed endovascular intervention (22 balloon dilations, 44 balloon dilations + stenting). Two patients with stent implantation developed acute lower extremity deep vein thrombosis, resulted in successful lysis of the thrombus with catheter-directed thrombolysis. Conclusions The presence of intraluminal spurs and pelvic collateral vessels represents not only pathological and anatomical changes by long-term mechanical compression, but also indicators of the severity of iliac venous compression syndrome. The degree of stenosis cannot accurately represent the severity and treatment of iliac venous compression syndrome, especially in the right iliac vein. Endovascular intervention is a safe and effective treatment that reduces lower extremity symptoms. Full and intentional dilation of the intraluminal spurs is an important technical aspect, which is often ignored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In habitats such as temperate evergreen forests, fruit, and seed productivity is reported to exhibit marked changes in seasonal availability, such that fruit is most available in summer and seeds are most available in autumn. Primates living in these habitats, therefore, are expected to adjust their diets in response to the spatial and temporal variation in these food resources. We studied the diet and feeding behavior of a group of 42 Phayre's langurs ( Trachypithecus phayrei) living in a northern (24°48′N) montane habitat (1,700-2,350 m) in Mt. Gaoligong, Yunnan, China from August 2012 to July 2013. The langurs were found to forage on 50 plant species, of which 28 species each accounted for more than 1% of their annual feeding time. Castanopsis echidnocarpa, the most abundant species in their habitat, accounted for 17.5% of the total forest trees, and contributed to the largest proportion of the annual langur diet. The primary component of the langur diet was composed of fruits (22.2%), seeds (18.7%), and buds and young leaves (41.5%). Mature leaves accounted for only 4.1% of their diet. Based on DBH and the percent of the crown containing edible food items, we found that the langurs changed their monthly diet according to the availability of fruits and seeds (Spearman rank correlation: r = 0.609, p = 0.035), and buds and young leaves (Spearman rank correlation: r = 0.837, p = 0.001). The seeds of C. echidnocarpa accounted for 12.5% of langur feeding time. A single tree produced a large seed and fruit crop, which likely reduced opportunities for within-group feeding competition. We argue that the resource productivity of this northern montane enables Phayre's langurs to live in stable groups that are 3.6 times larger than reported for Phayre's langurs living in other habitats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of axial symptoms (AS) in patients following posterior cervical decompression.Methods: We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases for relevant studies that reported the incidence of AS after posterior cervical decompression, and manually screened reference lists for additional studies. Relevant prevalence estimates were calculated. Subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis and publication bias assessment were also performed.Results: Our meta-analysis included 44 studies, with 893 AS cases in 2984 patients. The pooled AS prevalence was 28 % (95 % CI 24-32). The prevalence of AS was higher after expansive open-door laminoplasty (39 %) than after modified open-door laminoplasty (MOLP, 23 %) and laminectomy instrumented fusion (29 %). AS prevalence was also higher in those that wore a neck collar for 2-3 months (34 %) compared with 2 weeks (21 %). The lowest AS prevalence (9 %) was found in patients who underwent MOLP with C3 laminectomy and C7 spinous processes conserved. There was an intermediate AS prevalence after MOLP with C7 spinous processes conserved (16 %), MOLP with preservation of the unilateral posterior muscular-ligament complex (19 %), MOLP with C3 laminectomy (22 %), and MOLP with plate fixation (23 %). Prevalence of AS might be higher in patients <60 years and increased in populations with a higher proportion of females.Conclusions: Posterior cervical surgery carries a high risk of postoperative AS. Postoperative AS may be reduced through preserving posterior muscles and structures, stabilizing cervical vertebrae, and reducing external cervical immobilization time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wuda coal fire area, where the coal fire is serious,was chosen as the study area, the diffusion of gases in atmosphere, such as CO, CO2,CH4 and SO2, were studied with the Gaussian plume Model on the ArcGIS platform. The study indicates that the gases diffuses along the downwind, and theirs concentrations takes on Gaussian distribution where is in the prevailing westerly winds Wuda, and the urban area of Wuda city is in a higher concentration and the gases have a severely impaction on the residents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A correction to the article "Prevalence of axial symptoms after posterior cervical decompression: a meta-analysis" that was published online on April 13, 2016 is presented.