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Quantitative analysis of Rumex nepalensis var. remotiflorus revealed that its roots contain rich anthraquinones, which has emodin, chrysophanol, and physcion contents of up to 0.30, 0.67, and 0.98 mg/g, respectively. Further phytochemical study led to the isolation and purification of seven undescribed phenolic constituents, including one flavan derivative with a 13-membered ring, polygorumin A (1), two dianthrone glucosides, polygonumnolides F and G (2 , 3), two diphenylmethanones, rumepalens A and B (4 , 5), and a pair of epimeric oxanthrone C -glucosides, rumejaposides K and L (6a , 6b) from the roots of R. nepalensis var. remotiflorus. Furthermore, 1 undescribed natural product, 1- β -D-glucoside-6′-[(2 E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenoate]-3-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl (19), and 21 known phenolic compounds were obtained from the aforementioned plant for the first time. Their structures were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic data analysis. Notably, compounds 1 , 4 – 5 , and 7 – 9 exhibited inhibitory activity on α -glucosidase with IC 50 values ranging from 1.61 ± 0.17 to 32.41 ± 0.87 μM. In addition, the isolated dianthrone, chrysophanol bianthrone (14), showed obvious cytotoxicity against four human cancer cell lines (HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, and MDA-MB-231) with IC 50 values ranging from 3.81 ± 0.17 to 35.15 ± 2.24 μM. In silico target prediction and molecular docking studies demonstrated that the mechanism of the anticancer activity of 14 may be related to the interaction with protein kinase CK2. [Display omitted] • The chemical constituents of R. nepalensis var. remotiflorus were studied firstly. • Emodin, chrysophanol and physcion are major anthraquinones in the roots. • Seven undescribed phenols and one undescribed natural product were obtained. • Some isolates showed obvious inhibition on α -glucosidase and HL-60 cell lines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four new phenolic compounds, including two naphthalenes, musizin-8- O - β -D-(6′- O -malonyl-3′′-methoxy)glucopyranoside (1) and 2-acetyl-3-methyl-1,4-naphtho-quinone-8- O - β -D-glucopyranoside (2), one chromone, (2′ R)-7-hydroxy-2-(2′-hydroxypropyl)-5-methyl acetate chromone (3), and one xanthone, 2,8-dimethyl-3,6-dihydroxyxanthone (4) were isolated from the roots of Rumex dentatus L. (Polygonaceae). In addition, five known including four naphthalenes (5 – 8) and one chromone (9) were also obtained. Their structures were determined by means of extensive spectroscopic analysis and acidic hydrolysis. Compound 1 showed moderate antifungal activity against Epidermophyton floccosum , with inhibitory rate of 39.539 ± 0.412% at a concentration of 100 μM. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of transition metal coordination complexes, {[Cu(3-Sptta)2] ·1/2H2O} n ( 1), {[Cd(3-Sptta)2] ·1/2H2O} n ( 2), [Zn(3-Sptta)2(H2O)4] ( 3), and [Co(3-Sptta)2(H2O)4] ( 4) were synthesized under solvothermal and solvent evaporation conditions using the newly designed heterocyclic N/NS carboxylate ligand [2-(3-pyridyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-5-]-thio-acetate (3-Sptta) as a main building block. Their structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses and further characterized by elemental analyses and IR spectroscopy. The four complexes exhibit structural diversity: complexes 1 and 2 exhibit similar 2D 'wave-like' double-layer framework with two shares of mutually parallel left-handed and right-handed helical chains, whereas 3 and 4 present mononuclear structures. Moreover, the thermal stabilities of complexes 1- 4 were investigated. The luminescent properties of complexes 2, 3 and the free ligand were also studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydroxyapatite-silica (HA-SiO 2 ) scaffolds with different SiO 2 content (0, 2, 5 and 10 wt% SiO 2 ) were fabricated by freeze casting. After sintering, the scaffolds maintained the interconnected unidirectional pore channels by removing the frozen ice crystals via sublimation. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that SiO 2 promoted the decomposition of HA to tricalcium phosphate (TCP), comprised of α-TCP and β-TCP, which became more apparent with the increase of SiO 2 content. The microstructure observation of scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that the scaffolds surface feature had great changes in terms of grain size and grain boundary with the addition of SiO 2 . Moreover, the addition of SiO 2 could increase the porosity and pore size of the scaffolds, even allowing it to reach a maximum as the SiO 2 content increased to 5 wt%. Compression tests investigated the variation in the compressive strength of the scaffolds with the increase in the SiO 2 content, which showed first decreasing and then increasing behavior. In vitro evaluation results in simulated body fluid (1.5×SBF) revealed that the introduction of SiO 2 enhanced the growth rate of bone-like layer, especially the scaffold with 5 wt% SiO 2 , which exhibited faster growth rate of bone-like layer than the other scaffolds. The XRD and fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) characterization confirmed that the bone-like layer formed on the scaffold surface was a carbonate-containing hydroxyapatite bone-like layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]