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Along the lines of the analyses about secondary genres derived from news texts, this study focuses on the discursive shaping of the nineteenth century printed advertisements. The interest in such texts arises from the need to analyze the historical shaping of advertising discourse, which from the very beginning has allowed for the coexistence not only of an informative purpose but also, jointly, of a persuasive aim which favors the appearance of linguistic features and discursive strategies. We use a corpus made up of printed advertisements published (1389 examples in total) in La Correspondencia de España (2/1/1860-27/6/1925), one of the first newspapers to initiate business journalism in Spain. We trace, within the discourse tradition’s paradigm, different typologies of printed advertisements configured discursively in a different way depending on their profile (communicative distance vs. communicative immediacy) and pragmatic accommodation to the communicative purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The manuscript informally known as "Título del barrio de Santa Ana" was created in 1565 in San Cristóbal Verapaz, Guatemala. It is written in the Poqomchi' language (Mayan family, K'iche'ano subgroup) and relates some events during the first decades after the Dominican missionaries arrived. It is a title of ownership, a specific genre of indigenous documents that was elaborated in Mesoamerica with the purpose to obtain a tool to defend the historical rights over certain territories. This paper presents the main characteristics of the "Título del barrio de Santa Ana" and highlights its importance for historical and linguistic studies. Based on a comparative analysis with other indigenous documents written in the Highlands of Guatemala during the colonial period, it is argued that the "Título del barrio de Santa Ana" initiated the Maya-Poqomchi' literary tradition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The text in question seeks to outline the sociolinguistic scenario of the southern region of Bahia, which would have been characterized by multilingualism, a consequence of the region's economic stagnation, a fact that would have generated less conflicts between Portuguese and Indians, preserving the speakers of local languages. The change in this scenario would occur from the 1820s onwards, with the growth of the cocoa plantation, which began in the region in 1746. In parallel with this scenario, we have another different one: the foundation of three Swiss-German colonies, which would have presented a context of irregular linguistic transmission of L2 Portuguese from Germans and Swiss to enslaved Africans. And, running through the entire text, we argue that the understanding of these differentiated sociolinguistic situations in the same region was possible because we adopted a broad view that considered the transnational historical relations within which the south of Bahia was immersed, because, without this, it would not be possible to understand how these sociolinguistic situations were triggered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relations between Historical Linguistics and Corpus Linguistics are quite close and fruitful, especially from the 90's, when the former gains renewed breath in Brazil, having in the edition of diachronic corpora one of the basic drivers for its progressive development. Under the sign of this intertwining between the two areas, this work, through content analysis, presents a case of reedition of a diachronic corpus, the Rio Grande do Norte official letters (1713-1950), and, through bibliographic research, proposes some reflections about the contact between these two fields of study in Brazil and the impacts, positive and negative, of the digital medium in this connection. The paper reveals how changes in research guidelines can justify a fruitful process of reedition and highlights both ethical risks and functional improvements to which these corpora are subject due to factors such as technology and the internet, proposing, in the end, a greater visibility of the issues raised in the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relations between Historical Linguistics and Corpus Linguistics are quite close and fruitful, especially from the 90's, when the former gains renewed breath in Brazil, having in the edition of diachronic corpora one of the basic drivers for its progressive development. Under the sign of this intertwining between the two areas, this work, through content analysis, presents a case of reedition of a diachronic corpus, the Rio Grande do Norte official letters (1713-1950), and, through bibliographic research, proposes some reflections about the contact between these two fields of study in Brazil and the impacts, positive and negative, of the digital medium in this connection. The paper reveals how changes in research guidelines can justify a fruitful process of reedition and highlights both ethical risks and functional improvements to which these corpora are subject due to factors such as technology and the internet, proposing, in the end, a greater visibility of the issues raised in the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses the reception of the concept of discourse tradition (DT) in Hispanic and Brazilian linguistic research. It gives an account of the principles, methods and orientations that have underpinned this approach to analysis in Spain, Latin America and Brazil. Its purpose is to be useful both for those who need information on the main references to be highlighted, in the regional areas delimited for this study, in relation to the DTs paradigm, and, above all, for those who seek to get an idea of the methodological pillars on which this current of historical linguistics is based. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, developed under the theoretical guidance of Historical Linguistics, it was assumed that the occurrence of apocope of/r/in verbal infinitives is a trend observed in the orality of Brazilian Portuguese, being considered as a result of the contact of the Portuguese language with the African element brought to Brazil in the colonial period. From this, it was intended to understand the influence of the spoken language on the written language in order to investigate whether it is a case of linguistic change in process. For this purpose, we adopted as a corpus the comments from Social Network Facebook users in journalistc publications on pages G1, R7 and SBT Jornalismo. After qualitative analysis of the data collected in documentary research, it was possible to observe the apocope of/r/in peripheral constructions, pointing to the influence of the spoken language on writing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I intend to analyse some aspects of the evolution observable in the way the legislative discourse justifies the legal-legislative provisions in legislative texts of different synchronies of the Portuguese language: this is especially apparent when they present statements which contain acts of discourse with justification value. From a comparative and diachronic perspective, I will confront Afonso X's medieval legislative texts (such as the Portuguese versions of the Primeyra Partida and the Foro Real) with contemporary Portuguese legislative texts. I will attempt to demonstrate that in medieval legislative texts, in addition to the greater extent of the supporting segments, there is also a discursive structure that uses arguments of authority. In Afonso X's legislative texts royal legislation is conveyed and the Speaker, designated by the first person "we", is identified with the king, holding a power inherent to this statute. It reaffirms its status as authority and the desirability of royal legislative action and affirms the pragmatic need for the existence of justice by its favourable effect (which is ethically identified with the Common Good). By contrast, contemporary legislative discourse is presented in the third person and this does not designate any individualized subject. The law is stabilized, established in multi-secular institutions and fundamental rights are already guaranteed, and new legislation is generally conjunctural and especially case-by-case legislation. In contemporary legislative formulations there is no discourse of the legitimization of power and the dimension of the supporting segments is smaller. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this work is a diachronic study of the inchoative periphrasis ponerse a + inf. To this end, we have used a multimodal corpus which is composed of different textual typologies from the 12th up to the 21st century. Drawing on the Diachronic Construction Grammar theoretical model, this study argues for a usage-based approach for the verbal periphrasis studies. The central part of this study has two axes: firstly, a characterisation of ponerse a + inf, and secondly, a diachronic analysis of this verbal periphrasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this work is a diachronic study of the inchoative periphrasis ponerse a + INF. To this end, we have used a multimodal corpus which is composed of different textual typologies from the 12th up to the 21st century. Drawing on the Diachronic Construction Grammar theoretical model, this study argues for a usage-based approach for the verbal periphrasis studies. The central part of this study has two axes: firstly, a characterisation of ponerse a + INF, and secondly, a diachronic analysis of this verbal periphrasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

'Língua geral' ('general language') is the term that describes the language that has developed on the Brazilian coast in early colonial times from the Tupinambá (Tupi-Guarani) spoken by indigenous women and the children they had with their Portuguese husbands. The 'língua geral paulista' came into existence in the São Paulo region in the second half of the 17th century, and the 'língua geral amazônica' followed a century later in the North of Brazil, starting from Maranhão and Pará and spreading to the Amazonian Basin in the 18th century, when it became a common language of settlers, indigenous people and missionaries. The 'língua geral amazônica' is documented by two catechisms and seven dictionaries. Three of them, anonymous undated manuscripts, are analyzed here for the first time. They are identified with regard to their possible authorship, in this case by three German-speaking Jesuits, as well as by as the time and region of their compilation. Two of them are bilingual Portuguese -- 'Língua geral' dictionaries, a third one, now published, has a second, reverse part ('Língua geral amazônica' -- Portuguese). Comparing the three dictionaries enables their interrogation for probable historical interdependence. Furthermore, the dictionaries document the evolution of 'língua geral amazônica' between Tupinambá and today's Neengatú of the Upper Rio Negro region in the middle of the 18th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper looks at one of the most representative Arabic grammarians in the history of Arabic linguistics, the 10th century Iraqi grammarian Ibn Jinnī. One of the paper's aims is to contribute to the dissemination of Arabic linguistics studies, as a means of promoting their inclusion in general linguistics, since Arabic linguistics currently occupies only a marginal place in this field. As this paper shows, with the figure of Ibn Jinnī, the Arabic linguistics tradition has had important peaks, especially during the Middle Ages and more specifically starting in the 10th century, with the emergence of a series of linguistic ideas that today's scholars often find surprising, for their singularity and even their similarity to current linguistic paradigms. Ibn Jinnī is especially noteworthy because he applied logic to the linguistic fact, offering readers meticulous and detailed studies on a wide range of fields, such as the foundations of language, phonic and morphological analysis, and others, all of which he infused with his particular innovation and idiosyncracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the emergence and evolution in Spanish of three verbal constructions that share the same form as the Spanish verbal periphrasis for expressing future time, namely, 'to go + inf'. Specifically, those constructions are verbal periphrases expressing the past tense, the completive and focus values. The past periphrasis and the completive one share the same etymology as the future tense periphrasis: a construction in which the verb ir 'to go' expresses an advance in time. The omission of the indication of the place towards which the movement takes us will allow us to stop focusing on a destination in order to envisage the event expressed by the infinitive of the construction. On the other hand, the focus construction constitutes a further evolution of the completive periphrasis. From the 18th century onwards, the distribution of these three periphrases is the same as that of modern Spanish: the past periphrasis has disappeared from the language and the other two are maintained in contexts of communicative proximity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of discursive traditions appears in the fields of historic linguistics because of the interest in studying the restrictions that the interaction among speakers and the order of discourse impose on texts. This paper contributes to the study of the history of Spanish language in Cuba since it studies a type of document during a period of three centuries (16th, 17th, and 18th), the testament, that had been neglected. The linguistic structures correspond to the field of pragmatic indicators and to the field of traditions that rule the linguistic structure of the text. The rigid formulas of these documents of a legal nature depend on their structure. The initial protocol; the clauses naming the heirs and executers; the derogatory clause and the eschatocol are the most formulaic parts. The body is most extensive and variable; and the argumentative enunciations are characterized by a variety of modal and temporal structures; the presence of cohesive elements and textual configurations of diverse types and with bigger frequency. The findings obtained with the application of the typology proposed by Wesh allow us to affirm that testaments, besides presenting a rigid order with formulas and having been written by learned people have an elaborate textuality. This condition would sustain the hypothesis that in these documents the norm was highly cultured and exemplary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we traced the five hundred years of Brazil's social-linguistic history, commenting and criticizing moments that we considered crucial along the way. Hence, we began in the 16th century, with the arrival of the Portuguese colonizers, dealing with aspects such as the adoption of Tupinambá as the language for the initial contact, together with its consequences. Later in the same century, we approached the arrival of Africans and the linguistic consequences that this important demographic fact would bring to the linguistic contact scene in the following centuries. Finally, we dealt with the Post-Independence Brazilian linguistic situation, emphasizing the remaining indigenous languages, the European and Asiatic immigration languages, which arrived during the 19th century, and the current frame of the Portuguese language in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The colonial grammar titled Arte de Lengua Cacchí para Bien comun is one of the main sources for diachronic studies on the Q'eqchi' language. Its origin, author and date of creation are unknown. One of the copies was made in 1875 by Hermann Berendt, a German anthropologist, and also contains his observations on the examples provided in the text, which he made with the help of a native Q'eqchi' speaker. Therefore, this copy not only represents the state of the language spoken in the times when the manuscript was created, but also supplies information about the language of the second half of the xix century. Considering as well the modern language data, the evolution of some fragments of the Q'eqchi' grammar (pronouns, prepositions, verbal system, syntactic processes) is reconstructed, stage by stage, during four hundred years approximately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following article presents Félix de Augusta's Diccionario Araucano [Araucanian Dictionary] (1916) in its original social and linguistic context, in order to assess its validity in relation to Mapuche language and culture a century later. We examine the factors that made the Dictionary an exceptional reference for the dissemination and academic study of Mapudungun, placing these in counterpoint with factors that conspire against the work's currency and usefulness today. Difficulties are also evaluated with regards to the updating or replacement of this resource at a historical juncture where the language's lexicon is in greatest need of anchoring. The paper concludes with some prospects for 21st-century Mapuche lexicography and for the use of the Dictionary in revitalization and historical linguistics projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents and explores names of places pertaining to the southern Yunga languages -- Muchik or Quingnam -- from the valley of Nepeña (Ancash, Peru). Toponyms include possible Quechua-Yunga compounds and, possibly Muchik-Quingnam hybrids. Their regional distribution is described and their temporal placement discussed. Archaeological data patterning, the location of sacred waka places, routes of interregional interaction and political developments are described. Enduring multilingualism -- coupled with established oracular shrines -- is put forward as an alternative to language replacement theories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O léxico de uma sociedade permite conhecer sua história, uma vez que revela as transformações por que passou. Tendo isso em consideração, uma das formas de conhecer mais profundamente o período da ditadura no Brasil (1964-1985) é estudar o vocabulário da época. O objetivo deste trabalho é o de analisar o vocabulário de documentos produzidos pelo setor da repressão (Departamento de Ordem Política e Social de Minas Gerais [DOPS-MG]) no período da ditadura no Brasil (1964-1985). Este estudo baseia-se na teoria linguística da lexicologia social de Matoré (1953). Após busca nos arquivos do DOPS-MG (preservados no Arquivo Público Mineiro e disponíveis on-line pelo site Memórias Reveladas), analisamos os documentos do gênero textual inquérito (mais especificamente, inquirição de testemunhas). Constatamos, primeiramente, que o vocabulário dos documentos está fortemente vinculado ao gênero textual analisado, sendo evidente sua natureza formulaica, já que substantivos relacionados aos procedimentos da inquirição (como testemunha, depoente, escrivão, termo, etc.) foram muito frequentes. Em segundo lugar, foi possível identificar com nitidez a orientação ideológica das inquirições, a partir, especialmente, dos adjetivos mais frequentes, como militante, subversivo, comunista, marxista, socialista. A realização dessa pesquisa nos possibilitou confirmar o que se propõe a lexicologia social: o estudo do vocabulário permite reconstruir aspectos de eventos da história. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to discuss routes for the remodeling of the social lexicology proposed by Georges Matoré. In the first part, we describe Matoré's approach in its main lines and briefly present the main criticism it received. In the second part, we present a case study as a way of identifying routes for the remodeling of the mentioned approach. Finally, we claim for the necessity of studying lexicon within a broader frame of analysis on behalf of a sociohistorical lexicology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]