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As a kind of aminoglycoside antibiotics, kanamycin (KAN) is widely applied to animal husbandry and aquaculture. However, the abuse of KAN causes the large-scale discharge of it into rivers, lakes and groundwater, which threatens environmental safety and human health. Therefore, it is imperative to develop a method that is applicable to detect KAN in an efficient and accurate way. The colorimetric method based on enzymes provides a feasible solution for the detection of organic pollutants. However, the extensive application of natural enzymes is constrained by high cost and low stability. Herein, a polyoxometalate-based nanozyme, namely [H7SiW9V3O40(DPA)3]·4H2O (SiW9V3/DPA) (DPA = dipyridylamine), is synthesized. As a low-cost nanozyme with high stability compared to natural enzymes, SiW9V3/DPA performs well in laccase-mimicking activity. It can be used to induce chromogenic reaction between 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DP) and 4-aminoantipyrine (4-AP), which generates red products. With the addition of KAN, the color fades. That is to say, KAN can be detected with colorimetric assay in the concentration range 0.1 to 100 μM with high selectivity and low limit of detection (LOD) of 6.28 μM. Moreover, SiW9V3/DPA is applied to KAN detection in lake and river water and milk with satisfactory results. To sum up, polyoxometalate-based nanozyme is expected to provide a promising solution to the detection of organic pollutants in the aquatic environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the effects of different anesthetic methods on postoperative immune function in patients undergoing gastrointestinal tumor resection. Ninety patients undergoing laparoscopic gastrointestinal tumor resection were divided into 3 groups. Patients in the GA group were anesthetized by total intravenous anesthesia. The GE group was anesthetized by general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia. The GN group was anesthetized by general anesthesia combined with bilateral Transversus Abdominis Plane block (TAP) and rectus sheath nerve blocks. General anesthesia is total intravenous anesthesia in all three groups. Blood samples were taken to test the changes of peripheral lymphocyte subtype analysis, and levels of plasma cortisol, epinephrine, norepinephrine. Also, the dosage of anesthetic drugs, recovery time, and visual analog scale (VAS) scores were recorded. Postoperative immune indexes, including CD4 count, CD8 count, B, and NK cells, in the GE group were significantly higher than those in NA and GA groups (P < 0.01). Perioperative stress indices, including epinephrine levels, norepinephrine level and aldosterone level, in the GE group were significantly lower than in the GA group and GN group (P < 0.01). The intraoperative/total sufentanil dosage and remifentanil dosage in the GE group were significantly lower than those in the GA and GN groups (P < 0.01). The VAS scores in the GE group were significantly better than those in GA and GN groups (P < 0.01). General anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia attenuates the increase in inflammatory mediators. Its possible mechanisms include reducing perioperative stress response and reducing perioperative opioid use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional critical nitrogen (N) dilution curve (CNDC) construction for N nutrition index (NNI) determination has limitations for in-season crop N diagnosis and recommendation under diverse on-farm conditions. This study was conducted to (i) develop a new rice (Oryza sativa L.) critical N concentration (N c) determination approach using vegetation index-based CNDCs; and (ii) develop an N recommendation strategy with this new N c determination approach and evaluate its reliability and practicality. Five years of plot and on-farm experiments involving three japonica rice varieties were conducted at fourteen sites in Qixing Farm, Northeast China. Two machine learning (ML) methods, random forest (RF) and extended gradient boosting (XGBoost) regression, were used to fuse multi-source data including genotype, environment, management, growth stage, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and normalized difference red edge (NDRE) from portable active canopy sensor RapidSCAN. The CNDC was established using NDVI and NDRE instead of aboveground biomass (AGB) measured by destructive sampling. A new in-season N diagnosis and recommendation strategy was further developed using direct and indirect NNI prediction using multi-source data fusion and ML models. The new CNDC based on NDVI or NDRE explained 94−96 % of N c variability in the evaluation dataset when it was coupled with environmental and agronomic factors using ML models. The ML-based PNC and NNI prediction models explained 85 % and 21–36 % more variability over simple regression models using NDVI or NDRE in the evaluation dataset, respectively. The new in-season N diagnosis strategy using the NDVI and NDRE-based CNDCs and plant N concentration (PNC) predicted with RF model and multi-source data fusion performed slightly better than direct NNI prediction, explaining 7 % more of NNI variability and achieving 89 % of the areal agreement for N diagnosis across all evaluation experiments. Integrating this new N management strategy into the precision rice management system (as ML_PRM) increased yield, N use efficiency (NUE) and economic benefits over farmer's practice (FP) by 7–15 %, 11–71 % and 4–16 % (161–596 $ ha−1), respectively, and increased NUE by 11–26 % and economic benefits by 8–97 $ ha−1 than regional optimum rice management (RORM) under rice N surplus status under on-farm conditions. In-season rice N status diagnosis can be improved using NDVI- and NDRE-based CNDC and PNC predicted by ML modeling with multi-source data fusion. The active canopy sensor- and ML-based in-season N diagnosis and management strategy is more practical for applications under diverse on-farm conditions and has the potential to improve rice yield and ecological and economic benefits. [Display omitted] • New NDVI- or NDRE-based CNDC models were established. • A new sensor- and ML-based rice N status diagnostic strategy achieved 89 % accuracy. • An sensor and ML-based in-season topdress N recommendation algorithm was developed. • ML-based precision rice management significantly increased yield, NUE, and economic benefits over farmer's practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Active crop sensor-based precision nitrogen (N) management can significantly improve N use efficiency but generally does not increase crop yield. The objective of this research was to develop and evaluate an active canopy sensor-based precision rice management system in terms of grain yield and quality, N use efficiency, and lodging resistance as compared with farmer practice, regional optimum rice management system recommended by the extension service, and a chlorophyll meter-based precision rice management system. Two field experiments were conducted from 2011 to 2013 at Jiansanjiang Experiment Station of China Agricultural University in Heilongjiang, China, involving four rice management systems and two varieties (Kongyu 131 and Longjing 21). The results indicated that the canopy sensor-based precision rice management system significantly increased rice grain yield (by 9.4–13.5%) over the farmer practice while improving N use efficiency, grain quality, and lodging resistance. Compared with the already optimized regional optimum rice management system, in the cool weather year of 2011, the developed system decreased the N rate applied in Kongyu 131 by 12% and improved N use efficiency without inducing yield loss. In the warm weather year of 2013, the canopy sensor-based management system recommended an 8% higher N rate to be applied in Longjing 21 than the regional optimum rice management, which improved rice panicle number per unit area and eventually led to increased grain yield by over 10% and improved N use efficiency. More studies are needed to further test the developed active canopy sensor-based precision rice management system under more diverse on-farm conditions and further improve it using unmanned aerial vehicle or satellite remote sensing technologies for large-scale applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accurate and non-destructive diagnosis of crop nitrogen (N) surplus and deficit status based on N nutrition index (NNI) is crucially important for the success of precision N management to improve N use efficiency (NUE) and reduce negative environmental impacts. However, due to the variability of the reflectance data obtained from different active crop sensors and complexity of the environmental and management conditions for regional applications, accurate determination of crop N status and topdressing N rate only using active canopy sensor data is very challenging. The objectives of this study were to (1) develop an in-season N status diagnosis and recommendation model based on NNI prediction using multi-source data fusion with machine learning, and (2) evaluate the accuracy of N diagnosis and recommendation in terms of rice yield and NUE under diverse on-farm conditions. Thirty plot experiments and thirteen on-farm experiments were conducted in Qixing Farm, Jiansanjiang, Northeast China from 2008 to 2018, and the dataset was used for the model calibration, validation, and evaluation. Two indirect and one direct NNI prediction methods using simple regression, stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR) and random forest regression (RFR) were compared for N diagnosis and then integrated into N recommendation model. The results indicated that combining environmental and agronomic variables with crop sensor data improved the SMLR and RFR model performance by 1–16% and 9–40% over the corresponding models only using crop sensor data, respectively. The direct NNI prediction approach achieved slightly better N status diagnostic accuracy (areal agreement = 84% and Kappa statistics = 0.71) than indirect NNI prediction strategies based on plant N uptake and ΔN estimation (areal agreement = 81% and Kappa statistics = 0.67) or aboveground biomass and plant N uptake estimation (areal agreement = 77% and Kappa statistics = 0.58) across plot experiments and diverse on-farm conditions, based on multi-source data fusion with random forest regression models. About 82% of recommended N rates by the developed integrated in-season rice N diagnosis and recommendation model were within ±10 kg ha−1 of the measured economic optimum N rate across different varieties, environmental conditions and transplanting densities. Precision rice management based on in-season N diagnosis and recommendation decreased N rates and increased N partial factor productivity (PFP N) by 23% over regional optimum rice management, and significantly increased yield (7–11%) and PFP N (33–77%) over farmer's management. More studies are needed to develop in-season N diagnosis and recommendation strategies for applications across different regions and combine them with integrated precision rice management strategies for food security and sustainable development. [Display omitted] • An in-season nitrogen diagnosis and recommendation model was developed. • Environmental and agronomic variables were combined with standardized sensor data. • The NNI prediction method based on AGB and ΔN estimated using RFR was most accurate. • Precision rice management increased NUE over RORM and grain yield over FM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RapidSCAN is a portable active canopy sensor with red, red-edge, and near infrared spectral bands. The objective of this study is to develop and evaluate a RapidSCAN sensor-based precision nitrogen (N) management (PNM) strategy for high-yielding rice in Northeast China. Six rice N rate experiments were conducted from 2014 to 2016 at Jiansanjiang Experiment Station of China Agricultural University in Northeast China. The results indicated that the sensor performed well for estimating rice yield potential (YP0) and yield response to additional N application (RIHarvest) at the stem elongation stage using normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) (R2 = 0.60–0.77 and relative error (REr) = 6.2–8.0%) and at the heading stage using normalized difference red edge (NDRE) (R2 = 0.70–0.82 and REr = 7.3–8.7%). A new RapidSCAN sensor-based PNM strategy was developed that would make N recommendations at both stem elongation and heading growth stages, in contrast to previously developed strategy making N recommendation only at the stem elongation stage. This new PNM strategy could save 24% N fertilizers, and increase N use efficiencies by 29–35% as compared to Farmer N Management, without significantly affecting the rice grain yield and economic returns. Compared with regional optimum N management, the new PNM strategy increased 4% grain yield, 3–10% N use efficiencies and 148 $ ha−1 economic returns across years and varieties. It is concluded that the new RapidSCAN sensor-based PNM strategy with two in-season N recommendations using NDVI and NDRE is suitable for guiding in-season N management in high-yield rice management systems. Future studies are needed to evaluate this RapidSCAN sensor-based PNM strategy under diverse on-farm conditions, as well as to integrate it into high-yield rice management systems for food security and sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Luminescence sensing of biomarker 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) with coordination polymers (CPs) is of great significance and rarely investigated, especially in improving the sensing performance by regulating the particle of CPs. Herein, we synthesized a new 3D LCP, [Cd3(L)(BTC)2(H2O)2]·2H2O (LCP 1) (H3BTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid, L = (E)-4,4′-(ethene-1,2-diyl)bis[(N-pyridin-3-yl)benzamide]), which demonstrates a rare example of direct detecting 3-NT by LCPs as fluorescent sensors. Meanwhile, nanoscale LCP 1 (Nano-LCP 1) with a smaller size was prepared by adjusting the reaction conditions. Nano-LCP 1 not only shows the same high selectivity, anti-interference ability and fast response time as LCP 1, but also has a higher quantum yield (31.80%, about 3 times that of Bulk-LCP 1) and a lower detection limit (2.30 × 10−8 M, about 20 times that of Bulk-LCP 1). A detailed detection mechanism of LCP 1 towards 3-NT and the effect of the size difference on the luminescence sensing performance were discussed, providing a valuable reference for the rational design, mechanism interpretation, and performance improvement of LCP-based fluorescence sensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the relationship between changes in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) during the second and third trimesters and adverse pregnancy outcomes among women without hyperglycemia in pregnancy (HIP). Research design and methods: A total of 1,057 pregnant women who underwent serum HbA1c and delivered at Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from May 2022 to March 2023, were included in this study. They were divided into four groups. Associations were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. In our study, an upward trend in HbA1c levels in the second trimester (HbA1c_S) and third trimester (HbA1c_T) among women without HIP was demonstrated. Multivariate logistics regression analysis showed significant associations: Pregnant women with HbA1c_S<5.5 %, HbA1c_T≥6.1 %, or with HbA1c_S≥5.5 %, HbA1c_T<6.1 % had a significant correlation with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) (aOR:2.72, 95 %CI=1.24–5.97；aOR:2.59, 95 %CI=1.15–5.84). Furthermore, for each 1 % increase in the difference value of HbA1c between the second and third trimesters, the risk of HDP increased about 1.96 times, and the risk of delivering a large-for-gestational-age baby increased about 1.30 times. Among pregnant women without HIP, elevated HbA1c levels in the second or third trimester are associated with increased risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

3-Nitrotyrosine (3-NT), an oxidative stress biomarker, is closely associated with various diseases. Thus, rapid and sensitive detection of 3-NT is of great significance for preventing and treating diseases. Herein, we reported a new 3D zinc-based metal–organic framework (Zn-MOF) [Zn(L)(HBTC)] (L = (E)-4,4′-(ethene-1,2-diyl)bis[(N-pyridin-3-yl)benzamide], H3BTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid), which was structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, IR, PXRD and TG. The Zn-MOF can be used as a highly efficient fluorescence sensing material to provide a direct and low-cost method for the rapid detection of 3-NT and shows high sensitivity with a KSV value of 6.596 × 104 M−1, a rapid luminescence response within 24 s, excellent selectivity, high anti-interference ability and good recyclability. It is the first example of a MOF being used to directly detect 3-NT as a luminescence sensor to our knowledge. The sensing mechanism of the Zn-MOF towards 3-NT is discussed in detail, which provides a basis for the rational design of MOF sensing materials and their application in biomarker detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three new Anderson-type polyoxometalate (POM)-based metal–organic frameworks (POMOFs) [Co 3 (L1)(TeMo 6 O 24)(H 2 O) 10 ]·8H 2 O (1), [Co 3 (L2)(TeMo 6 O 24)(H 2 O) 10 ]·8H 2 O (2) and [Cu 3 (L1)(TeMo 6 O 24)(H 2 O) 10 ]·6H 2 O (3) (L1 ​= ​N,N′-bis(4-pyrimidinecarboxamido)-1,2-ethane, L2 ​= ​N,N′-bis(4-pyrimidinecarboxamido)-1,4-butane) were obtained under 90 ​°C aqueous solution for two days. POMOFs 1 – 3 show fascinating 3D framework structures formed by transition metal linking bis(pyrimidine)-bis(amide) ligands and Anderson-type [TeMo 6 O 24 ]6– anions. The carbon paste electrodes bulk-modified by POMOFs 1 – 3 (1 -, 2 -, 3 -CPEs) have good bifunctional electrocatalytic performance towards the oxidation of ascorbic acid and the reduction of potassium bromate, potassium nitrite and heavy metal ions Cr(VI). 1 -, 2 -, 3 -CPEs can be used as electrochemical sensors for the detection of Cr(VI), the limits of detection (LODs) are 0.389 ∼ 0.422 ​μM, which are lower than the 1.0 ​μM standard set by the WHO. In addition, the adsorption properties of POMOFs 1 – 3 on organic dyes gentian violet (GV) and methyl orange (MO) were investigated. Three new 3D POMOFs with fascinating structures based on [TeMo 6 O 24 ]6– anions were synthesized, which exhibit the bifunctional electrocatalytic activities and the ability to selectively detect heavy metal ion Cr(VI). In addition, POMOFs 1 – 3 can quickly adsorb organic dye gentian violet. [Display omitted] • Three new POM-based metal-organic frameworks (POMOFs) were obtained under 90 ​°C aqueous solution for two days. • POMOFs 1 – 3 represent the first examples of 3D POMOFs derived from bis(pyrimidine)-bis(amide) ligands and POMs. • POMOFs 1 – 3 exhibit excellent electrochemical sensing behaviors toward Cr(VI) ions. • POMOFs 1 – 3 can quickly adsorb the cationic dye Gentian Violet (GV) under dark conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The brittleness and insufficient strength of biomaterials such as calcium phosphate cement (CPC) limit their applications in physiologically non-load-bearing bone lesions. These limitations stimulated the research for developing degradable polymer-ceramic composite materials that can closely match the modulus of bones. In this study, poly (L-lactic acid)/calcium phosphate cement (PLLA/CPC) composite scaffolds were fabricated via a four-step process, namely, measurement, prototyping, compounding, and dissolving. The design and mechanical properties of the PLLA/CPC composite structures were theoretically and experimentally studied. The PLLA/CPC scaffold improved the mechanical properties of the CPC. The CPC's compressive strength and strengthening percentage increase with higher PLLA volume. Such composites may have a clinical use for load-bearing bone fixation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Improving nitrogen (N) management of small-scale farming systems in developing countries is crucially important for food security and sustainable development of world agriculture, but it is also very challenging. The N Nutrition Index (NNI) is a reliable indicator for crop N status, and there is an urgent need to develop an effective method to non-destructively estimate crop NNI in different smallholder farmer fields to guide in-season N management. The eBee fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based remote sensing system, a ready-to-deploy aircraft with a Parrot Sequoia+ multispectral camera onboard, has been used for applications in precision agriculture. The objectives of this study were to (i) determine the potential of using fixed-wing UAV-based multispectral remote sensing for non-destructive estimation of winter wheat NNI in different smallholder farmer fields across the study village in the North China Plain (NCP) and (ii) develop a practical strategy for village-scale winter wheat N status diagnosis in small scale farming systems. Four plot experiments were conducted within farmer fields in 2016 and 2017 in a village of Laoling County, Shandong Province in the NCP for evaluation of a published critical N dilution curve and for serving as reference plots. UAV remote sensing images were collected from all the fields across the village in 2017 and 2018. About 150 plant samples were collected from farmer fields and plot experiments each year for ground truthing. Two indirect and two direct approaches were evaluated for estimating NNI using vegetation indices (VIs). To facilitate practical applications, the performance of three commonly used normalized difference VIs were compared with the top performing VIs selected from 59 tested indices. The most practical and stable method was using VIs to calculate N sufficiency index (NSI) and then to estimate NNI non-destructively (R2 = 0.53–0.56). Using NSI thresholds to diagnose N status directly was quite stable, with a 57–59% diagnostic accuracy rate. This strategy is practical and least affected by the choice of VIs across fields, varieties, and years. This study demonstrates that fixed-wing UAV–based remote sensing is a promising technology for in-season diagnosis of winter wheat N status in smallholder farmer fields at village scale. The considerable variability in local soil conditions and crop management practices influenced the overall accuracy of N diagnosis, so more studies are needed to further validate and optimize the reported strategy and consecutively develop practical UAV remote sensing–based in-season N recommendation methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four cobalt(II)/zinc(II) metal-organic coordination complexes [Co(Hbtc)(L)]∙H 2 O (1), [Co 2 (bpt)(OH)(L)]∙3H 2 O (2), [Zn 3 (btc) 2 (L) 2 (H 2 O) 4 ]·2H 2 O (3), and [Zn 2 (bpt)(OH)(L)]∙2H 2 O (4) have been synthesized from hydrothermal reaction of cobalt (or zinc) nitrate with the mixed ligands of the naphthalene-bridging amide L (N′,N″ -di(pyridin-3-yl)naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxamide) and two kinds of tricarboxylic acids (H 3 btc ​= ​1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid, H 3 bpt ​= ​biphenyl-3,5,4′-tricarboxylic acid). Complex 1 shows an interesting 3D coordination framework with 3,5-connected {42.65.83}{42.6} topology, which represents a 2-fold interpenetrating 3D net constructed by 1D [Co(Hbtc)] n ribbon chains and 1D [Co(L)] n wave chains. Complexes 2 and 4 exhibit similar unique 3D networks based on the 2D [M 2 (bpt)(OH)(L)] n (M ​= ​Co for 2 , Zn for 4) layers and μ 2 -bridging L ligands, showing the 3,10-connected {410.632.83}{43} 2 topology. Complex 3 displays a 2D layered coordination framework with the 3,4-connected {6.82} 2 {64.82} 2 {8} topology, representing an interesting three-fold interpenetrating feature. The diverse framework structures of four cobalt(II)/zinc(II) complexes reveal the influences of different metal ions and tricarboxylic acids on the construction of these coordination frameworks. The fluorescent emission behaviors of 1 – 4 and the fluorescent sensing efficiencies of 3 – 4 have been studied. Complexes 3 – 4 display remarkable fluorescence quenching phenomenons towards Fe3+ ions and CrO 4 2− anions. Moreover, the photocatalytic activities of 1 – 4 towards degrading dye molecules have also been investigated. Four new Co(II)/Zn(II) complexes prepared by the hydrothermal methods exhibit the 3D coordination framework with the 3,5-connected {42.65.83}{42.6} topology for 1 , the 3D networks with 3,10-connected {410.632.83}{43}2 topology for 2 and 4 , and the three-fold interpenetrating network based on the 2D double-layer structure with the 2,3,4-connected {6.82}2{64.82}2{8} topology for 3 , respectively. Moreover, the fluorescent and fluorescent sensing activities towards Fe3+ ions/CrO42− anions of two zinc(II) complexes as well as the photocatalystic properties of complexes 1 – 4 towards organic dyes have been reported. [Display omitted] • Four new Co(II)/Zn(II) complexes based on the naphthalene-bridging amide ligand are obtained. • Four complexes display three kinds of 3D framework structures with the 2-fold or 3-fold interpenetrating feature. • Two Zn(II) complexes show fluorescent sensing activities towards Fe3+ ions and CrO 4 2− anions. • Two Co(II) complexes are potential photocatalysts for degradation of organic dyes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autologous peripheral blood progenitor cell (PBPC) transplantation is the treatment of choice for selected myeloma patients. However, tumor cells contaminating the apheresis product are a potential source of relapse. Here we report a sequential purging strategy targeting mature and immature clonogenic myeloma cell populations in the autograft. Thawed PBPC products of myeloma patients were treated with rituximab to kill CD138- 20+ B cells (highly clonogenic immature cells), and bortezomib to target CD138+ cells (normal and differentiated myeloma plasma cells), followed by coculture with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from normal donors. After 7 days of coculture, nonadherent cells were removed and cultured in the absence of MSC for an additional 7 days. Then, efficacy of purging (removal of CD138- 20+ and CD138+ cells) was assessed by flow cytometry and PCR .We used our ex vivo purging strategy to treat frozen aphereses from 16 patients. CD138+ and CD138-20+ (19+) cells present in the initial products were depleted more than 3 and 4 logs, respectively based on 106 flow-acquisition events, and to levels below the limit of detection by PCR. In contrast, total nucleated cell (TNC), CD34+ cell, and colony-forming cell numbers were increased by approximately 12 to 20, 8-, and 23-fold, respectively. Overall, ex vivo treatment of apheresis products with rituximab, bortezomib, and coculture with normal donor MSC depleted mature and immature myeloma cells from clinical aphereses while expanding the normal hematopoietic progenitor cell compartment. Cancer Res; 71(14); 5040-9. ©2011 AACR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To investigate whether short-term daily consumption of yoghurt leads to colonization by Lactobacillus acidophilus in a group of human subjects who were initially totally devoid of L. acidophilus in their oral cavities. Material and methods. Twenty-three volunteers consumed yogurt containing L. acidophilus during a 14-day trial stage. Oral and fecal samples were collected at the clearance stage and at the post-yoghurt intake stage until L. acidophilus was found. Standard polymerase chain reaction methods using specific primers were adopted for the detection and identification of L. acidophilus. Results. The isolation frequency decreased rapidly 72 h after stopping intake of yoghurt. After 1 week, L. acidophilus was absent in all oral samples. Non-significant differences were found between the survival rates of L. acidophilus in samples of saliva, plaque, tongue surface, and buccal mucosa. L. acidophilus was also found to remain in the gastrointestinal tract for longer than in the oral cavity. Conclusion. Allochthonous L. acidophilus is not likely to permanently colonize the oral cavity and intestine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new 3D POM-based MOF constructed from the 1D [Mo 3 O 10 ] n 2n− chains and the flexible bis(pyrazine)-bis(amide) ligand (bmpae), [Cu(bmpae) 0.5 (Mo 3 O 10)(H 2 O)]·H 2 O (1) was hydrothermally synthesized. The title complex shows good electrocatalytic activities for the reduction of H 2 O 2 /BrO 3 − and obvious adsorption abilities towards organic dyes. • Bis(pyrazine)-bis(amide) ligand bmpae was firstly used in metal-polyoxometalates systems. • Complex 1 is a 3D POM-based MOF containing the 1D inorganic [Mo 3 O 10 ] n 2n− chains. • Complex 1 show good electrocatalytic activities for the reduction of H 2 O 2 /BrO 3 −. • Complex 1 has obvious adsorption capacities towards organic dyes GV and MB. A new 3D metal–organic framework (MOF) derived from the 1D [Mo 3 O 10 ] n 2n− chains and the flexible N,N'-bis(5-methyl-2-pyrazinecarboxamide)-1,2-ethane (bmpae), [Cu(bmpae) 0.5 (Mo 3 O 10)(H 2 O)]·H 2 O (1) has been hydrothermally synthesized. Crystal analysis reveals that complex 1 is a 3D polyoxometalate (POM)-based MOF containing the 2D [Cu(bmpae) 0.5 ] n 2n+ metal–organic layers and the 1D inorganic [Mo 3 O 10 ] n 2n− chains. The electrochemical behaviors and electrochemical sensing property of the title complex were studied, and its adsorption capacities towards organic dyes gentian violet (GV) and methylene blue (MB) were also investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mice models are an important way to understand the relation between the fetus with cleft palate and changes of maternal biofluid. This paper aims to develop a metabonomics approach to analyze dexamethasone-induced cleft palate in pregnant C57BL/6J mice and to study the relationship between the change of endogenous small molecular metabolites in maternal plasma and the incidence of cleft palate. To do so, pregnant mice were randomly divided into two groups. The one group was injected with dexamethasone. On E17.5th day, the incident rates of cleft palate from embryos in two groups were calculated. The (1)H-NMR spectra from the metabolites in plasma in two groups was collected at same time. Then the data were analyzed using metabonomics methods (PCA and SIMCA). The results showed that the data from the two groups displayed distinctive characters, and the incidence of cleft palate were significantly different (P < .005). To conclude, this study demonstrates that the metabonomics approach is a powerful and effective method in detecting the abnormal metabolites from mother in the earlier period of embryos, and supports the idea that a change from dexamethasone induced in maternal metabolites plays an important role in the incidence of cleft palate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]