1. Antenatal Depression Symptoms Among Pregnant Women Seeking Health Services in Erbil, Iraq.
- Author
-
Mishkin, Kathryn, Maqsood, Shaymaa Samir, and Ahmed, Hamdia Mirkhan
- Subjects
- *
MENTAL depression risk factors , *MATERNAL health services , *HOSPITALS , *STATISTICS , *VITAMINS , *PREGNANCY & psychology , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *CROSS-sectional method , *MULTIVARIATE analysis , *MULTIPLE regression analysis , *GESTATIONAL age , *GOODNESS-of-fit tests , *RISK assessment , *PRIMARY health care , *MENTAL depression , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *CHI-squared test , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *PRENATAL care , *ODDS ratio , *STATISTICAL sampling - Abstract
Introduction: Maternal depression, which includes depression in the prenatal and postpartum periods, is estimated to affect between 10 and 20% of women globally but the rate is higher in the Middle East. Research focused on maternal depression in Iraq is limited to one study focused on postpartum depression. This paper identifies the prevalence and factors associated with antenatal depression among pregnant Iraqi women. Methods: Women seeking maternal health services at primary health centers were invited to participate. Data were collected by trained midwifery students in Erbil, Iraq. Responses to the PHQ-2 PRIME-MD depression questions were used to identify depressive symptoms. Chi-square and logistic regression analyses were used to analyze findings. Results: Of the 179 participants, 86 (48%) reported depressive symptoms. In bivariate analysis, antenatal depression was associated with gestational age (p = 0.03), first prenatal visit in the second trimester (p = 0.003), loss of appetite (p = 0.003), not having help at home (p = 0.03), and use of prenatal vitamins (p = 0.002). Gravida approached significance (p = 0.07). In adjusted analysis, women reporting loss of appetite were more likely to report depressive symptoms (OR = 3.09, 95% CI: 1.47–6.51). Discussion: Consistent with other research from the region, nearly half the women reported depressive symptoms. Because lack of appetite is associated with depressive symptoms, women reporting loss of appetite should be prioritized for depression screening in time-constrained settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF