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This work is experimentally testing a combination of thermal conductivity and viscosity characteristics to achieve optimal heat transfer utilizing Silicon Carbide (SiC) Therminol 55 as Nanofluid. Recent experiments have shown that Nano-fluids have outstanding properties that render them efficient in many thermal transmission applications in comparison to basic fluids. SiC-Therminol 55 Nano-fluid is synthesized at varying amounts (0.1 per cent to 0.3 per cent) by the production of SiC Nano-Particles of length (80 nm) in therminol 55. Temperature and viscosity were calculated using kd2 Analyzer and Fenske Viscometer at a temperature range. The experimental effect, demonstrated by the highest thermal conductivity, raises volume concentration and decre ases viscosity. At the end of the process, theoretical models are developed for the analysis of the propensity of the Nanofluid to well-established H-C models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article welding of two dissimilar metals will be carried out, why do we select dissimilar welding because the usage of the dissimilar metals is increasing day by day mainly in the heat transfer core places. So welding of dissimilar metals becomes unavoidable, which is normally a challenging process and the same is addressed by number of researchers over the period of time. Here the discussion is about the welding process and the impact due to high temperature of welding process on the strength of the weld bead. The high temperature induces corrosion which is undesirable. In this research we are focused to identify the welding parameter which induces the least corrosion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aluminium is a soft, silvery-white material which belongs to the boron group in the periodic table. Aluminium and its alloys are lightweight and are capable of providing solutions to optimize strength-weight ratio in automobiles but it cannot be used for high wear applications. So aluminium alloy is combined with high wear resistant alumina ceramic to make it usable n high wear application such as brakes. Due to passivation aluminium has the ability to resist corrosion. Alumina ceramic is a non-metal with good wear resistance. Aluminium can be coated with ceramic by various processes through adhesives, brazing & thermal plasma spraying, etc. Aluminium can also be joined with alumina ceramic by using an epoxy resin which is used to join metals and non-metals. Once the aluminium is coated with ceramic by epoxy resin, Tribological test and EDX analysis were carried out on the material for studying. Comparable mechanical and tribological properties can be achieved on thematerial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A lot of research work showed that biodiesel and its blends can be used as a promising alternate fuel for diesel engine with no modification in the existing infrastructure. The synthetic antioxidants are added to biodiesel blends to improve the oxidation stability. However, they lack of biodegradability, cost and complex processing. Natural antioxidants are non-toxic and biodegradable and are considered suitable for maximizing the oxidation stability. Very few works have been carried out to determine the effects of natural antioxidants over biodiesel blends. The present study analyzes the performance and emission characteristics of emulsified cottonseed oil biodiesel with THC (tetra hydro curcumin) nanoparticles as antioxidant. This experimentation focuses on emission characteristics of diesel, rubber seed oil and a mixture of THC-rubber seed oil biodiesel. Results on brake thermal efficiency, fuel consumptions and emissions of un-burnt hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO) and NOx were evaluated. The results suggest that the addition of THC nanoparticles on biodiesel blends seems to be promising to improve the engine performance and emission characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A quaternary blend is prepared with the constituencies as diesel, biodiesel, rice bran oil and pentanol. The prepared blend is tested for its properties and performance in the engine. Injection timing plays major role in deciding the performance and combustion characteristics of the engine. Four types of injection timings are altered for finding the influence of it on the diesel engine operating with the prepared quaternary blend. The performance of the engine stated, on advancing the injection timing the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) values are increasing but on further advancing it could not. Retarded injection timings influenced on more fuel consumption. The NOx emissions are higher for advanced injection timings but as a contradiction the carbon emissions are reduced. Overall, a slight increase in the injection timing enhanced the engine performance and promoted for lesser emissions operated with the proposed quaternary blend. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Animal fats are being explored for preparing bio fuel blends. In the present work pork fat oil is converted into bio diesel. B20 blend of this with the diesel is prepared and tested for its performance. The influence of injection pressure of the engine for handling this blend is investigated. The test conducted on a four-stroke single cylinder CI engine. Four types of injection pressures were used for running the engine. The brake thermal efficiency (BTE) shows improved values on increasing the injection pressure up to 220 bar, but at 240 bar the BTE values are not up to the mark. BSFC and NOx emission values are not showing much difference between the injection pressures. Hydrocarbon emissions were reduced on increasing injection pressures. Combustion parameters for this engine conditions are all of similar trend. Overall, it can be included that the B20 blend of pork fat biodiesel can be used in CI engine with slight increase in injection pressure for better performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research would explore the use of biodiesel derived from pig fat oil for the analysis of the CI engine. In this case, pig fat was harvested for oil and used during the manufacturing process of biodiesel, called transesterification. The oil is stored. After the test, various biodiesel blends such as B10, B15, B20, B25 and B30 are tested under various load conditions, like 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% for the engine. The performance, combustion and emission characteristics of the engine are therefore evaluated briefly. Studies should be checked to see if the use of Pig fat biodiesel to substitute diesel fuel without engine alteration is appropriate [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, Aluminium 6061 with various weight percentage (1 %, 3 % and 5 %) of Silicon Carbide (SiC-40nm), composite was fabricated by single stir casting (single SC) and double stir casting (double SC) process. Besides, the mechanical properties like hardness, ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of the prepared composites were used to compared the effects of single SC and double SC process. Completely, these properties were enhaced with increment of the reinforcement upto 3%, and then decreased due heterogeneous distribution/ agglomeration. In addition, both processed samples of optimum level of reinforcement (3 % of SiC) morphology and quantitative analysis was carriedout. Overall, the double SC improved the nano particle distribution and mechanical properties than single SC process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study analyses the emission and performance characteristics of an anti-oxidant blend with cotton seed oil biodiesel in a single cylinder diesel engine. Anti-oxidant used in this experiment was Tetra hydro curcumin (THC). The experiment was conducted in a single cylinder, four stroke engine at a constant speed of 1500 Rpm. In modified fuel, Anti-oxidant concentration is varied from 15 to 35% with cottonseed oil and compared with conventional diesel fuel. This experimentation focuses on emission characteristics of diesel, cottonseed oil and a mixture of THC-Cottonseed oil biodiesel. Results on emissions of Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydro carbons (HC), Carbon monoxides (CO), Specific fuel consumption and Smoke opacity were evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Need to search for renewable options as far as energy need concerns are imminent. This study is focused on investigation of CI engine using biodiesel made from the animal fat oil. In this study, process of transesterification is used to fabricate biodiesel from pork lard oil. B20 blend of the pork lard oil biodiesel is being checked for its engine performance and emissions. The effect of Exhaust Gas Recirculation on the performance & emission characteristics of a C.I. engine operated with this fuel is examined. Results indicate use of B20 blend biodiesel as substitution of pure diesel fuel is effective without modification of engine. Upon testing the results proved that the NOx emission of the engine is high for biodiesel fuel but it can be reduced by applying EGR. The NOx emission reduced considerably on increasing the EGR percentage but higher Hydro-Carbons and Carbon Monoxide emissions are noted on at higher EGR rates using biodiesel in engine emission test EGR rates between 5%-10% are optimum for emission control characteristics for the engine. However, the performance is slightly reduced on higher application of percentage of EGR. 10% EGR shows optimum performance on the engine. On the outset, this experimental investigation states that the B20 blend of Pork lard oil biodiesel is a suitable alternative fuel in C.I. engine with 10% of EGR for efficient performance and emission results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Major research is focused on fuel consumption and emission reduction in the past few years. There is growing interest on alternative fuels due to volatile fossil fuel price and depletion. In many applications like Transportation, Power generation, Marine applications etc., diesel Engines are being used as a major source. During last century, the uses of fossil resources are increasing due to significant growth of population and change in life style. This causes crises of fossil fuel depletion For the diesel engines there is an urgent need for suitable alternative fuels. In this work we will examine the use of diesel-wheat germ oil in diesel four stroke engine. With diesel and different blends of wheat germ biodiesel, additionally the efforts to reduce NOx emission by developing Catalytic converter device for a diesel engine fuelled with diesel and wheat germ biodiesel fuel are discussed. Catalytic converter is vital after treatment technology attempted in this work to simultaneous control of NOx, HC, and PM emissions. The experiment was conducted on a 1500rpm, four stroke, diesel engine with single cylinder which is water cooled. an attempt will be made to analyze the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To determine the engine performance and emission parameters of diesel engine using diesel and bio diesel blends with nano additives. Blends of biodiesel of different proportions are prepared to which the zirconium oxide and titanium oxide nano additives are added. Here Wheat Germ Oil is taken as base oil with both the nano additives. The nano additives which are used here are of 30-50 nm and are added to biodiesel in different proportions. The following properties like density, viscosity, flash point, fire point, calorific value, pour and cloud point are been taken for this investigation. The experiments were conducted on a single cylinder direct injection (4) stroke diesel engine. The fuel is used in diesel engine the performance is noted along with the emission characteristics. The experiments have been conducted for Carbon Monoxide(CO), Hydro Carbons (HC), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Oxygen (O2), NO, Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC), Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE). The variations are seen in above characteristics. All these are compared with Pure Diesel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diesel engines have been the "primus motor" of transportation in the world since a long time now. However, the depletion of fuel supplies, recent concerns over the environment and the ever increasing fuel prices have made the search for an alternative fuel of paramount importance. A considerable amount of interest has been shown by researchers to evaluate different plant and vegetable oils as a replacement of diesel. Based on this background NOx emission is produced during combustion of fuels at high temperature. Excessive release of NOx causes several effects on living organisms and environment. In this work, the efforts to reduce NOx emission by developing electrochemically activated cells (EACs) for a diesel engine fuelled with diesel and biodiesel fuel are discussed. EAC technique is vital after treatment technology attempted in this work to simultaneous control of NOx, HC, and PM emissions. The experiment was conducted on a 1500rpm, four stroke, diesel engine with single cylinder which is water cooled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, a high-performance diesel blend is prepared, with the constituents in the ratio of 50% diesel, 40% pentanol, 5% rice bran oil, 5% waste cooking oil. The blend is prepared as per the ASTM standards and the properties are checked. The properties are within the suggested limits. The experimentation conducted on a single-cylinder, water-cooled 4 stroke CI engine for the normal engine conditions and by recirculating the exhaust gas to the suction air (5%, 10%, 15% and 20% of EGR). The nitrogen oxide emissions of the engine are drastically reduced with the introduction of EGR. A modest increase in CO, CO2 emissions are found. The combustion characteristics are followed by a similar trend. The test results revealed that up to 10% of EGR the performance of the engine is better without affecting the combustion and emission characteristics. The overall study reported that the prepared blend can be operated in a CI engine up to 10% EGR without any further modifications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]