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To explore the nature and importance of mononuclear cells of different phenotypes in oral premalignant lesions and oral cancer, we studied biopsy specimens from 21 oral red and/or white lesions (6 hyperkeratosis, 3 mild dysplasia, 4 severe dysplasia and 8 squamous cell carcinoma), using monoclonal antibodies and avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex staining. Peripheral blood samples (PB) from 4 normal subjects and 5 reactive lymph nodes (LN) were used as controls for the technique. T11-positive cells were the predominat phenotype (74-78%) in all cases examined. The T4/T8 ratio in severe dyplasia was significantly lower than that in mild dysplasia was significantly lower than that in mild dysplasia (p ⩽ 0.05). These observations upport the hypothesis of a role for cellular immune responses in oral premalignant lesions and oral cancer. The predominance of T cells may represent the local expression of immunity against antigens (viral or other). The decreased T4/T8 ratio observed in severe dysplasia may represent a transitory stage of local immunosuppression, which may be of critical importance for the progressin into carcinoma. Phenotypic variations in mononuclear cell infiltrates in these conditions could be of diagnostic value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of (90)Y-DOTA-D-Phe1-Tyr3 octreotide ((90)Y-DOTATOC) therapy with a fixed activity of 2.56 GigaBequerels bimonthly in patients with advanced stage, well differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas. Methods: In total, 38 patients were enrolled in this phase 2A protocol. All patients had gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in sharp clinical and radiologic progression despite previous surgery, chemotherapy, and biotherapy. Their survival rate after therapy with (90)Y-DOTATOC was compared with a chronologic control group of patients who had received biotherapy and chemotherapy and with results from a previous similar study. The progression-free survival rate after peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with (90)Y-DOTATOC was determined for all patients until they had documented disease progression according to Response Criteria in Solid Tumors, tumor-related death, or censoring. Results: Seventeen patients (43.6%) had a partial response, 10 patients (25.6%) had stable disease, and 11 patients (28.2%) had progressive disease. A statistically significant difference was observed (P < .001) between the response to (90)Y-DOTATOC treatment and the response to biotherapy with somatostatin analogs and chemotherapy and also between the current results and the results from a previous similar study (P < .05). At the time of the current evaluation with ongoing follow-up for 30 patients, the median progression-free survival was 22.3 months. Conclusions: The results from this phase 2 study indicated that the treatment of metastatic neuroendocrine tumors with fixed (90)Y-DOTATOC activity is useful and safe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]