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This study draws a historical picture of conceptual linkages of innovation systems (IS) and global value chains (GVC). We used a co-citation technique to map the evolution of these two fields since 1990. We highlighted the connecting nodes over the past three decades. The first decade witnessed a connection between national innovation systems (NIS) and GVC, mediated by regional studies related to industrial clusters and district-based innovation. The tradeoff between tacit sticky local and codified transferable global knowledge and innovation and learning's importance in upgrading in GVC generated two new routes in the second decade. In the last decade, although these routes are retained, their mediating nodes have changed with the literature on technology and sustainable transition from IS and the path dependency role in the evolution of districts in global production networks. Recent trends indicate that evolutionary views on economic geography and catch-up may open new opportunities to link the two, and some lessons highlight the need for more structured interactions in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Misunderstanding of technology transfer and lack of a scientific viewpoint in this area are among the fundamental problems of some industries. A novel Delphi-decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL)-elimination and choice expressing reality (ELECTRE) decision-making method, which benefited from both qualitative and quantitative methods, is introduced on gray numbers to solve the selection problem of technology providers systematically. The technology provider evaluation criteria are developed according to a literature review and experts’ opinions. Next, the Delphi method is used to evaluate the criteria. Gray DEMATEL is used to investigate the cause and effect relationship between the selected criteria, based on which the criteria were ranked. Finally, using the gray ELECTRE method, the priority of companies is determined. Based on the results of the illustrative case study, the two most robust causal criteria are management/executive capability and cost. Moreover, cost and support through organization policies played a leading role in the system. Also, out of nine technology providers, company 4 is superior to other companies, whereas most companies were of greater advantage to company 5. According to the comparison of weights by Spearman's correlation coefficients, the proposed method is as efficient as the available methods. This novel method can be used in uncertain conditions to select the most reliable company. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding how publicly funded technologies could diffuse industries and other sectors in developing countries has been a challenge for researchers in the field of cross-sector technology transfer. Specifically, advanced technologies are rarely commercialized or transferred to industries. Technology transfer projects are highly dependent on many regional and contextual conditions. This study aims to determine how high-tech technology transfer in a developing economy can be operationalized by studying its complexities. A thematic analysis was applied to semi-structured interviews with 18 participants in the qualitative phase, investigating the critical factors affecting the transfer of space technologies to other sectors. The results explained the critical factors within ten categories and their inter-relation with one another. The results suggest that technology transfer in high-tech industries can be better understood if analyzed within a complex paradigm. Policy recommendations and implications have been presented in three layers, dealing with systems, responsibilities, and direct failures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]