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Low productivity of single-slope solar still is the main barrier for its worldwide usability. An attempt has been conducted to enhance the distillate yield of single basin square pyramid solar still using thermal storage material in basin. The experiments were conducted with two identical single basin square pyramid solar stills under the climate of location (20.61° N 72.91° E), one with small pieces of black granite as a thermal storage material and other without black granite. With and without thermal storage, the effect of saline water depth (30 and 20 mm) was investigated on the performance of still. Compared to still without thermal storage, yield of 1430.40 mL m−2 (13.96% higher) and 1380.40 mL m−2 (6.63% higher) was obtained at water depth of 30 mm and 20 mm for the still with thermal storage. The daily average efficiency of 18.69% (11.35% higher) and 18.58% (5.09% higher) was obtained at water depth of 30 mm and 20 mm for the still with thermal storage. The higher yield was achieved at water depth of 30 mm than the 20 mm for the still with thermal storage, whereas the higher yield was achieved at water depth of 20 mm than the 30 mm for the still without thermal storage. Transient model for the still with and without thermal storage was developed, and the results were compared with experimental outcomes and good agreement was observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Authors have attempted to investigate the impact of thermal storage material, forced condensation and forced evaporation on the performance of square pyramid solar still. The experimentation was conducted in three sets. First set was carried out with and without thermal storage (black granite) and variable water depth (20 mm and 30 mm). The daily yield of 1430.40 ml/m2 (13.96% higher) was obtained for the still with thermal storage at water depth of 30 mm. The second set was conducted for studying the impact of forced condensation and forced evaporation with thermal storage on the performance of still at 30 mm water depth. Compared to the still with forced condensation, increment of 33.24% was observed in daily yield for the still with forced evaporation. The effect of forced evaporation and thermal storage on yield and efficiency was compared with the still without augmentation at 30 mm water depth in third set. The daily yield of 2253.6 ml/m2 (61.48% higher) and the efficiency of 27.04% (61.53% higher) were achieved for the still with forced evaporation and thermal storage. The still with forced evaporation and thermal storage at water depth of 30 mm has proved most productive, efficient and economic. • Two identical single basin square pyramid solar stills were fabricated for the study. • Effect of thermal storage, forced condensation and forced evaporation was studied. • The still with forced evaporation and thermal storage found most productive at 30 mm. • 61.48% rise in yield obtained at 30 mm with forced evaporation and thermal storage. • Potable water cost of ₹ 1.93/liter/m2 and payback period of 8.21 months was obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Authors have attempted to investigate the impact of thermal storage material, forced condensation and forced evaporation on the performance of square pyramid solar still. The experimentation was conducted in three sets. First set was carried out with and without thermal storage (black granite) and variable water depth (20 mm and 30 mm). The daily yield of 1430.40 ml/m2 (13.96% higher) was obtained for the still with thermal storage at water depth of 30 mm. The second set was conducted for studying the impact of forced condensation and forced evaporation with thermal storage on the performance of still at 30 mm water depth. Compared to the still with forced condensation, increment of 33.24% was observed in daily yield for the still with forced evaporation. The effect of forced evaporation and thermal storage on yield and efficiency was compared with the still without augmentation at 30 mm water depth in third set. The daily yield of 2253.6 ml/m2 (61.48% higher) and the efficiency of 27.04% (61.53% higher) were achieved for the still with forced evaporation and thermal storage. The still with forced evaporation and thermal storage at water depth of 30 mm has proved most productive, efficient and economic. • Two identical single basin square pyramid solar stills were fabricated for the study. • Effect of thermal storage, forced condensation and forced evaporation was studied. • The still with forced evaporation and thermal storage found most productive at 30 mm. • 61.48% rise in yield obtained at 30 mm with forced evaporation and thermal storage. • Potable water cost of ₹ 1.93/liter/m2 and payback period of 8.21 months was obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adequate quality and reliability of drinking water is vital for all inhabitants and for agriculture and industrial applications. Solar desalination is impactful method for getting potable water from brackish/wastewater in hot climatic condition and/or remote area where the scarcity of water as well as for electricity. In recent years, attention has been focused on development of various designs of solar still in order to overcome limitations possesses by conventional single basin single slope solar still. Pyramid solar still is one of the outcomes of such a development. The present paper reviews the development in the field of pyramid solar still as well as the various techniques to improve the performance of still. From the review on research carried out by the various researchers, it has been found that pyramid solar still is more efficient and economical in compare to conventional single slope single basin still. Thus, the review paper will assist the researchers to understand the fundamentals of pyramid solar still with the need, developments and challenges in pyramid solar still to improve its thermal performance and to make it more and more economic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]