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Objective: To determine the frequency of clinico-hematological features and JAK 2 status of young adults presenting with Polycythemia Vera at the department of hematology. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Hematology, RMI Hospital, Peshawar. Period: 25th November 2023 to 25th May 2024. Methods: A total of 190 patients aging between 18-45 years and presented as suffering from Polycythemia Vera as per diagnosis of consultant hematopathologists, were included in this study. Samples with clear evidence of hemolysis, coagulation, or clots were excluded. Patient's demographics, details of physical appearance, clinical findings and history of adverse events were recorded. Hematological and pathological investigations were done and analysis of JAK2 V617F mutation was conducted using polymerase chain reaction from the diagnostic lab of the institute. The primary outcome of the study was to determine the frequency of clinicohematological features and JAK 2 status. Results: The Mean±SD of age in our study was 36.81±6.11 years with an age range of 21-45 years. Out of total patients, 49 (25.79%) patients were asymptomatic. The major symptoms affecting the daily life activities were headache 65 (34.21), abdominal discomfort 41 (21.58%), blurred vision 27 (14.21%) and fatigue 27 (14.21%). These patients had plethoric face 61 (32.11%), splenomegaly 64 (33.68%) and budd-chiari syndrome 8 (4.21%). The results of hematopathological findings showed abnormal hemoglobin (17±3.92 gm/dL), hematocrit (52.94±4.8 g %), platelet (579.63±227.68 103/μL) and leukocyte (10.32±2.6, 10³/μL) levels while 177 (93.16 %) patients had mutated JAK2 levels. Conclusion: Plethoric face and splenomegaly are the commonly found clinical findings in patients with Polycythemia Vera while these patients also have abnormal levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet and leukocyte. JAK 2 status serves conclusive role in the diagnosis of Polycythemia Vera. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the frequency of pancytopenia among patients with vitamin B12 deficiency in a tertiary-care hospital, in Peshawar. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at the Department of Hematology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar from 18/4/2021 to 18/10/2021. In this study, a total of 252 patients were observed. From all patients, a sample of venous blood was obtained and sent to the hospital laboratory for the peripheral smear examination. Pancytopenia was diagnosed based on a peripheral smear showing Hemoglobin below 10g/dL, Total leukocyte counts less than 4,000 cells per mL, platelets count less than150,000 cells per mL, and reticulocyte count <2%. All the peripheral smears were done by an expert hematologist. Strictly exclusion criteria were followed to avoid cofounders and make the study results clear of any bias. Results: In this study mean age was 42 years with a standard deviation of ± 15.84. Thirty-eight percent of patients were males and 62% of patients were females. Moreover, 5% of patients had pancytopenia and 95% of patients didn't have pancytopenia. Conclusion: The frequency of pancytopenia was 5% among the local patients with vitamin B12 deficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]