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This article addresses the legal issue of recognizing nature as a subject of rights within the current legal framework, highlighting a paradigm shift in the protection of nature in Ecuador. With the 2008 Constitution, nature transitioned from being an "object of protection" to an entity with its own rights. The ruling 1185-20-JP/21 is used as a case study to analyze these legal and practical implications. The ruling deals with the violation of rights due to irrigation projects without adequate environmental consultation, emphasizing the importance of ecological flow. The Constitutional Court reaffirms the interdependence between the rights of nature and human rights, highlighting the need for a systemic approach to environmental protection. Key legal and jurisprudential precedents are reviewed to contextualize this recognition, evaluating its impact on the legal system and environmental protection, and analyzing the enforceability of these rights through judicial mechanisms. The ruling establishes a crucial precedent for the sustainable management of natural resources and reinforces the importance of protecting the rights of nature to ensure a sustainable future for all generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article will explore in what sense subject and object are considered reciprocally in Hegel's first three chapters in the Phenomenology of Spirit. The third chapter, although notoriously difficult to read, is one of the most important epistemological documents in modern philosophy. Hegel's approach will be traced within the debate stemming from Kant's transcendental philosophy mainly through Fichte and Schelling. It will be shown that Hegel incorporated elements from all these figures to arrive at his unique position. Kant's transcendental philosophy established the idea that the thinking consciousness contributes fundamentally to knowledge to the extent that knowledge is fully produced by the subject, and the true nature of the object is unattainable to consciousness. The widely held conclusion was that Kant's thought amounted to a too strong divide between subject and object. Fichte and Schelling managed, thanks to the notion of the absolute, to mediate between subject and object, thereby opening the door to Hegel's dialectics as a philosophy of mediation. Both Fichte and Schelling, as was the case, broadly speaking, with German Idealism taken as a whole, still considered thinking as an activity of being that contributes to the fulfilment of being, linking objects to consciousness. Fichte's "absolute I", a consciousness that precedes the consciousness of the self, standing over the self and the object, was deemed to resemble the Kantian subject too closely. Schelling's natural philosophy, on the other hand, situates the absolute within nature and consciousness as developing from within nature towards the deployment of the self. This approach was considered potentially falling back into a dogmatic mode of thinking. Even if these positions remain caught in problems they seek to overcome, they did make notable progress in addressing the question of the relation of the subject to the object in a modern context. Hegel develops his initial answer to this question in the Phenomenology of Spirit first as an inheritor of the Enlightenment, notably empiricism, but stands critical of its basic suppositions. He does not accept that complete knowledge is immediately accessible, and resorts to the notion of the Absolute to indicate that mediated knowledge leads to truth. Unlike Fichte, Reinhold and Schelling, he does not immediately introduce the absolute as a mediator of knowledge but arrives at it through counterarguments for the positions put forward by the assumption of immediate objective knowledge. This dialectic approach leads to the unfolding of consciousness, self-consciousness and Spirit. Our subjective contribution to knowledge production is also not assumed beforehand, like in Kant, but is the result of the confrontation with the assumptions made by experiential knowledge. Without subjectivity, knowledge of the unity of reality is impossible, as is knowledge of the difference between objects. Knowing objects according to their nature requires subjectivity from which order is established, but the subject experiences itself as standing in relation to objects. Consciousness is confronted by an outside world that must be made sense of. Not only is the establishment of the relation between subject and object important but according to Hegel, the subject's relation to the object is reflected in his self-understanding and self-consciousness. The notion of self-consciousness is revealed precisely by the relation between subject and object, but not before this relation. Hegel therefore starts his journey to the absolute through natural consciousness, a consciousness that takes immediate knowledge of objects around us as authoritative. One can call this immediate knowledge objective in the sense that it takes no queues from subjectivity. Hegel proceeds to critique objective knowledge, claiming that immediate knowledge doesn't reckon with the factor of time, and therefore cannot be the ultimate source of truth. This critique is ambivalent, as it does recognise the world of objects as a source for knowledge, however, this must be supplemented by our own consciousness in order to arrive at a deeper understanding of this knowledge. Consciousness becomes an essential ingredient necessary for understanding. The second chapter introduces perception as the measure of reality. Perception brings a multitude of things under a general principle, thereby creating an understanding between things and their general substance. This second approach to truth cannot explain how generality and particularity exist in the first place. Hegel moves to the notoriously difficult third chapter in which he describes the dynamic relation between force and understanding. Force is identified as the underlying dimension of external reality, but it has in turn to be postulated, making necessary the involvement of the understanding as hypothesising activity. At first, force is merely described in terms of its expressions, but acknowledgement of its fundamental trait as underlying the whole of physical reality without being a tangible thing, leads to the realisation of the role of the understanding. This realisation is self-consciousness. Self-consciousness becomes aware of its participative role in its determination of the underlying structures of reality, structures that are postulated, and not apparent. In the last section, it is pointed out that self-consciousness is not to be understood as standing alone concerning objects - self-consciousness also stands in relation to other-selves. Self-consciousness is not an object and cannot be fully determined as is the case with things. This does not form the primary concern of the article and will merely be described to point to the position of self-consciousness within the larger scheme of Hegel's thinking. This does not take away the importance that the topic under discussion here has for the development of Hegel's system, which is the reason for the focus given here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accelerating globalisation and transnational migration in recent decades has led to an increasing number of women migrants. This phenomenon calls for an investigation of women's identities as migrants. This article examines women migrants' sense of belonging through their everyday material practices. I draw on the concept of diasporic objects to examine the material objects that women migrants take with them, which function as prisms for their relationships to their national cultures. I adopt a theoretical framework of intimacy – including national intimacy, intimate culture and diasporic intimacy – to examine how women relate to their nations via a nation–family continuum. Through an analysis of 18 women migrants' narratives about their diasporic objects, I argue that the diasporic objects of women migrants articulate their domestic and familial life and connect them with their imagined national cultures. Their concept of 'home' is haunted by memories of war, patriarchal oppression and authoritarianism. I conclude by discussing how they use their diasporic objects to transform the idea of home into a rooted and transitive concept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Number perception emerges from multiple stages of visual processing. Understanding how systematic biases in number perception occur within a hierarchy of increasingly complex feature representations helps uncover the multistage processing underlying our visual number sense. Recent work demonstrated that reducing coherence of low-level visual attributes, such as color and orientation, systematically reduces perceived number. Here, we ask when in the visual processing hierarchy coherence affects numerosity perception and specifically whether the coherence effect is exclusive to low-level visual features or instead whether it can be driven by contextual or semantic relationships. We tested adults in an ordinal numerical comparison task with contextual coherence mathematically manipulated using a statistical model of visual object co-occurrence. Across several experiments, we found that arrays with high contextual coherence were perceived as numerically larger than arrays with low contextual coherence. This contextual coherence effect was not attenuated even when we reduced objects to texforms (unrecognizable images that preserve midlevel visual features) or removed semantic content from the images through box scrambling and diffeomorphic warping. Together, these results suggest that visual coherence derived from natural statistics of object co-occurrence systematically alters perceived numerosity at low-level visual processing, even before later stages at which items can be explicitly categorized and identified. Public Significance Statement: While humans possess a number sense that allows the perception of abstract number, perceived number can be systematically biased by irrelevant features. In the previously described coherence illusion, arrays of items that are similar to each other in color or line orientation, are perceived as more numerous than arrays of items that are heterogeneous. In this series of studies, we explore whether abstract features such as semantic relatedness can drive the coherence illusion. We demonstrate that the coherence effect emerges via low level visual processing stages that are independent of categorical or semantic information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The physical world provides humans with continuous streams of experience in both space and time. The human mind, however, can parse and organize this continuous input into discrete, individual units. In the current work, we characterize the representational signatures of basic units of human experience across the spatial (object) and temporal (event) domains. We propose that there are three shared, abstract signatures of individuation underlying the basic units of representation across the two domains. Specifically, individuated entities in both the spatial domain (objects) and temporal domain (bounded events) resist restructuring, have distinct parts, and do not tolerate breaks; unindividuated entities in both the spatial domain (substances) and the temporal domain (unbounded events) lack these features. In three experiments, we confirm these principles and discuss their significance for cognitive and linguistic theories of objects and events. Public Significance Statement: Humans are able to parse and organize continuous streams of experience into individual mental units, such as objects (entities that extend over space) and events (entities that extend over time). The nature of these basic units of human experience is a foundational topic for the sciences of the mind. This study shows that mental units are connected across the spatial and temporal domains: Both objects and events are represented in terms of their structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Determining the manipulation unit of working memory is one of the fundamental questions in understanding how working memory functions. The prevalent object-based theory in cognitive research predicts that memory manipulation is performed on the level of objects. Here we show instead that the basic units of working memory manipulation are Boolean maps, a data structure describing what can be perceived in an instant. We developed four new manipulation tasks (with data from 80 adults) and showed that manipulation times only increased when the number of Boolean maps manipulated increased. Increasing the number of orientations manipulated did not induce longer manipulation times, consistent with a key prediction of the Boolean map theory. Our results show that Boolean maps are the manipulation unit of working memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the development of the research project “Training scenarios mediators of the biopraxis of children in the context of poverty”, University of Magdalena, Santa Marta, Colombia, we see that there are other proposed teaching holistic and ecological, derived from new epistemologies, and from here arises the need to write and publish this article, which reflects about the object and objective, and the subject and the subjective, establishing a dialectic between objective and subjective social and human scientific activity. The current alternative social and human orientations do not exceed the theoretical plane, so that this article is an exhortation to move away for positivism and empiricism, not only from the application of qualitative techniques and methods, but from the ontological analysis of the object of study social and human and the epistemological argument of the subject of research, in correspondence with the ontic analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the laboratory analysis of geological data, a number of problems arise due to the insufficient accuracy of the results. For example, different laboratories may provide different end results for the same samples, which creates a problem. This can lead to unreliable results, which can ultimately reduce the quality of the assessment. Machine learning allows to speed up the processing of radar data, as well as avoid the above-mentioned «misunderstandings». The problem of conducting scientific research at specialized landfills for a comprehensive assessment of the possibilities of using computer technology in the interpretation of georadar profiles is urgent. This makes it possible to objectively evaluate the result of automatic interpretation of georadar data. The several machine-learning algorithms described in the article are designing to improve the analysis and interpretation of data by incorporating various methods for optimizing georadar data processing processes. These methods include regression, classification and clustering. By incorporating these methods of optimizing the processing of georadar data into several machine-learning algorithms, the software can provide a comprehensive analysis and interpretation of the data obtained. This allows for a better understanding of the relationships, patterns and trends in the data, which ultimately leads to more informed decision-making and improved understanding. To improve the understanding of the results, the following quantitative indicators were obtained: correlation coefficient - 0.7072, determination coefficient - 0.5001, all these indicators correspond to these models. The deviation from the regression line is on average 22.37 units. Based on the classification results, the soil was determined to be wet. Errors in the sets do not exceed 1 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Researchers who benefited from the publications of Qur'an translations during the Karahanid period have contributed to the Turkish language by conducting studies on topics such as the beautiful names of Allah, religious terms, and abstract words. In their studies, they have documented that many of the words from Karahanid Turkish, which is a historical Turkish dialect, have become archaic in Contemporary Türkiye Turkish and have documented the frequency of usage of Turkish verb bases. This study was conducted to contribute to the research on the identified topics. In the study, the archaic words, Turkish verb bases, and the equivalents of predetermined Arabic patterns in the Line-by-Line Qur'an Translation in Karahanid Turkish, without disrupting the syntax of the Qur'an, were examined morphologically and semantically. The study was delimited to the Surahs of Yāsin, Fath, and Mulk. In these Surahs, Turkish equivalents of the subjects and objects related to the execution of the verb, such as the "fā'il", "mef'ūl", "mubâlagha ism fâ'il", "al-sifa al-mushabbaha", "ism tafdîl" forms, were determined. Throughout the study, the equivalents were compared in terms of translation and meaning. The verb bases and derivatives in the equivalents were examined both in terms of their structures and meanings. In the translation, it has been observed that the translation of words is done more in the context of their own patterns rather than the syntax context. This situation has facilitated a better understanding of Arabic patterns and their equivalents in terms of structure and meaning, making comparison easier. Additionally, it has been noted that the passive, causative, and reflexive suffixes, which determine the relationships of subjects and objects in the execution of the verb, are frequently used in the translation, expanding the semantic framework of verbs. However, in the meanings, it is observed that these suffixes are not used much. According to the translation method based on meaning, situations arising from the translation that hinder the comparison of equivalents have also been identified. Expressing pattern equivalents with different word groups, such as adverbs and conjugated verbs, preferring different basic, derived, and figurative meanings of Arabic patterns, or selecting Arabic-Persian words as equivalents to Arabic words have hindered the comparison of patterns with their equivalents. Additionally, the fact that these issues observed in the translation are also present in the interpretation indicates that Türkiye Turkish is a continuation of the Karahanid Turkish period. As a result of the comparisons, 177 examples were identified in the text as equivalent to the phrases "ism fā'il", "ism mef'ûl", "mubâlagha ism fā'il", "al-sifa al-mushabbaha", "ism tafdīl". It was observed that 58 percent of the examples were adjectives expressing temporary adjectives and 42 percent were words or word groups using derivational suffixes that formed permanent adjectives. The high rate of adjectival participles, at 58 percent, can be considered as an effort to find adjectival participle equivalents for Arabic patterns. These data indicate that the adjectival participle structure is frequently used as a counterpart to Arabic patterns. It should be noted that the archaism rate of the words taken as examples in the context of Karahanlı Turkish and Türkiye Turkish is quite high, at around 89 percent. The number of words not used in Türkiye Turkish is 85 (50 percent), while the number of words with differences in meaning or spelling is 65 (39 percent). Consequently, it becomes evident that Türkiye Turkish is deprived of the richness of Turkish verb bases at a rate of 50 percent that did not reach from the Karahanlı period to the present day. In sum, the translator has demonstrated the presence of distinctive usage patterns of Karahanlı Turkish, a standardized language, in this work. The high proportion of Turkish words in the Karahanlı era translation of the Qur'an, as evidenced by the translator's sensitivity to translation, indicates consideration for the Arabic-illiterate population. As understood from the conducted studies, this is also comprehensible by linguists. In order for contemporary readers to benefit from the legacy of Qur'an translations, researchers need to conduct studies on Qur'an translations. Qur'an translations are a rich source for many topics in language studies. Many areas remain unexplored, such as the parallel and past syntax of translation texts, Turkish equivalents of Arabic verbs and derivatives, and the semantic analysis of Turkish verbs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines rituals of gift exchange in the North Indian state of Awadh in the eighteenth and early nineteenth century. It draws parallels between the gifting practices of the Nawabs and the English East India Company and examines how specific objects were selected to perform the role of gifts. It explores the practice of gift exchange where objects emerged as sites on which power was asserted, subverted and contested. In studying gifts, the aim is to delve into the institutional and ceremonial significance attributed to objects which made them the site of diplomatic encounters. The range of objects that were brought within the lexicon of gifts, and the power struggles that marked this process, inform the discussion. In exploring these themes, the paper addresses the larger question of how objects were imagined by political powers and the multiple ways in which meanings were added onto and erased from objects over the course of their circulation as gifts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accounts of revelation and contemporary views of these are based on beliefs and historical citations. These accounts shall not be limited to the understanding and interpreting of historical and other events within writings but must present the possibility of an objective analysis of the nature of revelation as a phenomenon, an object of our sensory and mental conscious experiences. This paper approaches the act or phenomenon of revelation regardless of the revealer and its nature. Can we abstract the revealer and the revealed from revelation and have an ontological account of revelation solely focusing on the occurrence itself? The central part of the discussion is based on the object/property pair as ontological categories through which the means are analyzed. A comparative method is used where Scripture, musical writings, and mathematical/physical formulae (as potential means of revelation) are scrutinized. As a result, without any need to determine the revealer, revelation can be based on and described through pure properties (not tropes) in human experience, intellect, and understanding. The possibility of revelation beyond Scripture and Jesus Christ—following a type of liberal and general theory of revelation—presents itself in arts and sciences. The "true" of a musical work, when found and experienced during musical performances and scientific truths represented by the formulae, which describe the world and a meta domain, can be derived from the chains of signs and symbols as it is through Scripture. Human cognitive faculties present a universal natural limit to our direct experiencing of the transcendent, of the supernatural. A new dualist conception of logos as a metaphysical category marks the domain bridging the non-transcendent with the transcendent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One important role of the TPJ is the contribution to perception of the global gist in hierarchically organized stimuli where individual elements create a global visual percept. However, the link between clinical findings in simultanagnosia and neuroimaging in healthy subjects is missing for real-world global stimuli, like visual scenes. It is well-known that hierarchical, global stimuli activate TPJ regions and that simultanagnosia patients show deficits during the recognition of hierarchical stimuli and real-world visual scenes. However, the role of the TPJ in real-world scene processing is entirely unexplored. In the present study, we first localized TPJ regions significantly responding to the global gist of hierarchical stimuli and then investigated the responses to visual scenes, as well as single objects and faces as control stimuli. All three stimulus classes evoked significantly positive univariate responses in the previously localized TPJ regions. In a multivariate analysis, we were able to demonstrate that voxel patterns of the TPJ were classified significantly above chance level for all three stimulus classes. These results demonstrate a significant involvement of the TPJ in processing of complex visual stimuli that is not restricted to visual scenes and that the TPJ is sensitive to different classes of visual stimuli with a specific signature of neuronal activations. Highlights: Left and right hemispheric TPJ regions show comparable BOLD univariate responses to different object classes (objects, faces, places). Demonstration that the TPJ has unique activation patterns for the different object classes. Specifically positive activations for TPJ regions are significantly involved in global perception compared to TPJ regions not responding to global shapes. Above chance level decoding of objects, faces, and places from TPJ regions are involved in global perception. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on the interaction between object and scene processing has a long history in the fields of perception and visual memory. Most databases have established norms for pictures where the object is embedded in the scene. In this study, we provide a diverse and controlled stimulus set comprising real-world pictures of 375 objects (e.g., suitcase), 245 scenes (e.g., airport), and 898 object–scene pairs (e.g., suitcase–airport), with object and scene presented separately. Our goal was twofold. First, to create a database of object and scene pictures, normed for the same variables to have comparable measures for both types of pictures. Second, to acquire normative data for the semantic relationships between objects and scenes presented separately, which offers more flexibility in the use of the pictures and allows disentangling the processing of the object and its context (the scene). Along three experiments, participants evaluated each object or scene picture on name agreement, familiarity, and visual complexity, and rated object–scene pairs on semantic congruency. A total of 125 septuplets of one scene and six objects (three congruent, three incongruent), and 120 triplets of one object and two scenes (in congruent and incongruent pairings) were built. In future studies, these objects and scenes can be used separately or combined, while controlling for their key features. Additionally, as object–scene pairs received semantic congruency ratings along the entire scale, researchers may select among a wide range of congruency values. ObScene is a comprehensive and ecologically valid database, useful for psychology and neuroscience studies of visual object and scene processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Individuals differ in where they fixate on a face, with some looking closer to the eyes while others prefer the mouth region. These individual biases are highly robust, generalize from the lab to the outside world, and have been associated with social cognition and associated disorders. However, it is unclear, whether these biases are specific to faces or influenced by domain-general mechanisms of vision. Here, we juxtaposed these hypotheses by testing whether individual face fixation biases generalize to inanimate objects. We analyzed >1.8 million fixations toward faces and objects in complex natural scenes from 405 participants tested in multiple labs. Consistent interindividual differences in fixation positions were highly inter-correlated across faces and objects in all samples. Observers who fixated closer to the eye region also fixated higher on inanimate objects and vice versa. Furthermore, the inter-individual spread of fixation positions scaled with target size in precisely the same, non-linear manner for faces and objects. These findings contradict a purely domain-specific account of individual face gaze. Instead, they suggest significant domain-general contributions to the individual way we look at faces, a finding with potential relevance for basic vision, face perception, social cognition, and associated clinical conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

bstract This article examined the emergence of the human subject as the central focus of modern thought, tracing its origins from the Renaissance period through the Enlightenment. Using a descriptive-analytical approach, it explored the philosophical foundations of Orientalism and the underlying principles it shared with modernity. The analysis revealed that the rise of the human subject in the modern era was accompanied by a shift in perspective. PreRenaissance religion and culture were approached with an "objective understanding" by the modern subject. This same subject then went on to apply an "Orientalist understanding" when engaging with non-Western cultures and belief systems. The nature of Orientalism could be located in this novel relationship between the subject and the object of knowledge. The "objective understanding" embodied the Kantian epistemology, wherein the subject, relying solely on its own prior information and independent of any external or divine referent, did not recognize anything beyond itself. By subsuming objects within its own framework, the subject imposed its own understanding upon them. This process of objectification and imposition characterized the Orientalist worldview, which emerged as a core feature of modern thought. The article thus elucidated the deep historical linkages between the ascendance of the autonomous human subject, the principles of modernity, and the rise of Orientalist modes of understanding non-Western cultures and belief system [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By default, upcycling as a fashion methodology of deconstructing, re-assembling and removing material elements from existing garments, always produces material waste. This waste, with which one would traditionally disengage and place in the bin, is produced through various upcycling approaches—altering motifs, changing silhouettes or deconstructing forms. This waste can be incredibly micro in scale: dust, fibers, the smallest thread, or damaged bit which is produced from breaking down the structure of a garment. Framed more sensitively, this waste can be classified as process debris. Debris conventionally is not clearly understood as a material to reuse, or to value, or to place - as it is small in scale, fragmented, and allegedly beyond repair. This attitude would usually encourage a disengagement with the material, and it would be de historicized and rendered as waste. In the context of this study, the debris from reforming a historic archive has gained new significance. Analyzing and designing with it invites a larger discussion around notions of care, value and the preservation of certain materials. 'Care', in this case, emerged through my encounter with the material debris itself, and the way that unique encounter instigated a consideration of value and role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is focused on an ontological account of three concepts in their constitutive interrelation: consciousness, object and signification. I would like in this way to set and answer to some extent to the question "What is the object?" The article doesn't have a historicphilosophical character but in the same time it is often referring to exemplary conceptual statements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Societies are becoming increasingly aware that they owe their emergence, wealth and industrialisation to their influence as a geophysical force. Social and environmental scientists have analysed the genesis of this self-reflection and pointed to past failures that have led to this predicament. Following the gradually beginning research on differing temporalities, temporal practices and time regimes in the climate change discourse, this article shifts the perspective from past obstacles to possibilities for shaping the future. We historically reconstruct the emergence of interfaces of future co-production and theorise how these enable the imagination, communication and negotiation of climate futures. We conceptualise (1) world organisations as permanent interfaces of future co-production that bring together disparate temporal perspectives, (2) world events as temporary settings that accelerate the production of climate futures, and (3) world objects as mobile webs of meaning that travel between social worlds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Freud claimed that objects are means of satisfying drives (Freud, 1916), a view that was strengthened by object-relation theories, which claims that drives are primarily object-seeking (Fairbairn, 1946). In a recently published paper, I have suggested modifying this assumption. I argue that while drives are consciously directed at objects, they are unconsciously directed solely at characteristics (Saad, 2022). In this paper, I examine the distinction between directing drives at characteristics and directing drives at objects. I then use this distinction to make a distinction between transference relations and real relations. Finally, I show that the characteristic/object distinction might reveal intrapsychic conflicts in which the subject is consciously attracted to an object and unconsciously repulsed by its characteristics (or vice versa), and I examine how these conflicts can be analyzed within the psychoanalytic situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article considers the possibility of expressing the contested nature of social work via objects and their stories. Two Collections of objects and their stories (object/stories) are analysed and compared – an English language Collection (Obj1) and a Latin American Spanish language Collection (Obj2). A thematic analysis results in a schema of three categories of object/story: practical, symbolic, and totemic. The object/stories vary in the degree to which they reflect a social work that is community-oriented or focused on the individual. The two Collections are analysed for similarities and differences, and the authors consider wider applications of the learning from the project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objects in early childhood education (ECEC) experiences have begun to receive a great deal more attention than ever before. Although much of this attention has emerged recently from new materialism, in this paper we turn to Merleau-Ponty's phenomenological concern with the (in)visibility of 'things' to illuminate the presence of objects within infant transitions. Drawing on notions of écart and reversibility, we explore the relational perceptions objects are bestowed with on the lead up to, and first day of, infant transitions. Recognizing the intertwining subjectivities that perceive the object, a series of videos and interviews with teachers and parents across three ECEC sites in Australia and New Zealand provided a rich source of phenomenological insight. Our analysis reveals objects as deeply imbued anchoring links that enable relational possibilities for transitions between home and ECEC service. Visible and yet invisible to adults (parents and/or teachers) who readily engage with objects during earliest transitions, the significance of things facilitates opportunities to forge new relationships, create boundaries and facilitate connections. As such, our paper concludes that objects are far more than mediating tools, or conceptual agents; they provide an explicit route to understanding with potential to play a vital role in supporting effective early transitions when granted visibility within this important phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

My objective is a better comprehension of two theoretically fundamental concepts. One, the concept of a substance in an ordinary (non-Aristotelian) sense, ranging over such things as salt, carbon, copper, iron, water, and methane—kinds of stuff that now count as (chemical) elements and compounds. The other I will call the object-concept in the abstract sense of Russell, Wittgenstein, and Frege in their logico-semantical enquiries. The material object-concept constitutes the heart of our received logico/ontic system, still massively influenced by Aristotle after almost 2.5 millennia. On such an account, the fundamentality of material objects and their attributes are the metaphysical basis of the cosmos, as reflected in our received logic, Quine's 'canonical notation'—derived via the empiricism of Russell from Frege's function-based Begriffschrifft, and consisting of concrete singular terms and variables, quantifiers and predicate-expressions. The inadequacy of Frege's approach to understanding concepts is reflected in his initial question. Frege enquires of 'what it is that we are calling an object', remarking that he regards a regular definition as impossible: "we have here something too simple to admit of logical analysis". The imagined ultimacy or simplicity of the idea of a single object (arithmetically, just a unit—one as opposed to two, three, four, etc.) as foundational to the calculus is just that—imagined. It is also guaranteed to block the comprehension of the substance-concept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Design and programming are important stages of the development process of object-oriented information systems. At the design stage, a problem domain model is built, usually in the form of a UML class diagram. Sometimes it is convenient for a designer to apply the concept of metaclass to model the problem domain. However, UML does not directly support metaclasses. It is described how in some cases it is possible to move from models with metaclasses to models with standard classes. Examples are given showing the capabilities of Python, Scala, and Objective-C for implementing such models. In addition, an analysis of differences in the interpretation of the concept of metaclass in these languages is carried out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Whilst arguing for sounds as repeatable objects does not seem suitable to our auditory experience, considering them as events can then help us understand some of their main features. In this sense, sounds are events happening to material objects; they have a beginning and an end; they are ephemeral entities that we cannot grasp as ordinary objects. Nevertheless, supporters of event theory usually focus on the autonomous status that sounds manifest from the things in the world. Conversely, when we hear sounds, we hear what and where they are sounding even in those theories that I will call detached-sound theories; in hearing them we hear how different materials create different sounds. Within the different positions of the event theory to pure-event or acousmatic proposal, the importance and role that the material has in the creation of diverse sounds does not always seem to be recognized. In this paper, I therefore aim to show how the materiality of resonating bodies and objects is given in all forms of auditory experience, not until analyzed the differences between object and event accounts in the philosophy of sound. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contemporary psychoanalytic developments are interested in the roles and functions of primary objects in the process of identity construction. The way in which an object has been internalized will influence the relationship that a subject will have with himself--through the function of the double--, particularly in moments of crisis. This article is a theoretical-clinical reflection illustrated with extracts from clinical interviews. The objective is to use the material from a series of associative interviews to nourish a theoretical reflection around the concepts of the double and the transitional double. These associative clinical interviews were conducted to promote free association and transference expressions. The analysis of these interviews raises the impact of a particular family dynamic on the construction of identity and on the way of investing others in one's daily life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Notions such as śūnyata, catuskoti, and Indra's net, which figure prominently in Buddhist philosophy, are difficult to readily accommodate within our ordinary thinking about everyday objects. Famous Buddhist scholar Nāgārjuna considered two levels of reality: one called conventional reality, and the other ultimate reality. Within this framework, śūnyata refers to the claim that at the ultimate level objects are devoid of essence or 'intrinsic properties', but are interdependent by virtue of their relations to other objects. Catuskoti refers to the claim that four truth values, along with contradiction, are admissible in reasoning. Indra's net refers to the claim that every part of a whole is reflective of the whole. Here we present category theoretic constructions that are reminiscent of these Buddhist concepts. The universal mapping property definition of mathematical objects, wherein objects of a universe of discourse are defined not in terms of their content, but in terms of their relations to all objects of the universe is reminiscent of śūnyata. The objective logic of perception, with perception modeled as [a category of] two sequential processes (sensation followed by interpretation), and with its truth value object of four truth values, is reminiscent of the Buddhist logic of catuskoti. The category of categories, wherein every category has a subcategory of sets with zero structure within which every category can be modeled, is reminiscent of Indra's net. Our thorough elaboration of the parallels between Buddhist philosophy and category theory can facilitate better understanding of Buddhist philosophy, and bring out the broader philosophical import of category theory beyond mathematics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronicle of the international conference Il dato dell’arte: oggetto e relazione, held on 24 and 25 May, at the University of Perugia and connected to the “Art and recognition” research group, which brings together, to date, around twenty of universities and numerous scholars, interested in the intersection of art, philosophy of mediation, history of philosophy, psychology and literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is known that important notions that lead art in the historical process have undergone transformation due to different reasons. One of the important problem areas that came to the fore within the scope of the innovative, destructive and formalist understanding of modernism has become an object with the conceptual and formal transformation process. Artistic practices that started with the representation of the object in paintings, the emergence of different forms, content and application methods in parallel with the conditions brought by the changing age and the needs of the artist; It has been the source of the acceptance and interpretation of the object as a form of art by itself. The object handled with different concepts, events, time and space relations between modernism and postmodernism; it has been operationalized as a means in the expression of specific problem areas in parallel with the currents and styles that lead the art. The multidimensional transformation process that the object has experienced in the field of art since modernism constitutes an important field of research. In line with this importance, document review and literature review methods were used in the study. The aim of the study is to reveal the structural and semantic transformation of the object in the context of modernism and postmodernism by examining it through different concept relations and examples of works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article deepens themes from Sartre's Being and Nothingness by studying the relevance of the mirror in his play Huis Clos. The mirror can be understood as a means for escaping anguish by identification with the reflected image-object, but also as a figure of the sado-masochistic relationship between two of the play's characters. What is at stake is our possibility of conceiving ourselves as objects independently of the Other. In truth, it is the Other's look that first reveals our objectivity, and is our being-for-Others that allows us to have objectivity at all. This is not to be overlooked in our attempt to avoid bad faith. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports on the findings of a baseline study that fed on to a broader investigation exploring ICT integration in the teaching of functions. The baseline study was premised on the observation that the notion of function, despite being a fundamental and central idea in the mathematics school curriculum, presents pedagogical challenges to both teachers and learners. The study used the qualitative case study design to investigate Grade 11 mathematics learners' errors and misconceptions under hyperbolic functions at a rural high school in the Limpopo province of South Africa. Informed by the constructivist APOS theory conception levels, learners' errors were detected from their written responses in a diagnostic test. The learners were then individually interviewed during task-based interviews to infer on the misconceptions underlying their errors. Qualitative analysis of the data revealed the following categories of misconceptions: algebraic, conceptual, asymptotic, graphical, and notational misconceptions. The study established that errors, if diagnosed and corrected, are springboards and milestones to the formulation and construction of proper mathematical ideas. To resolve learners' misconceptions, this study recommends that teachers should use explorative and discovery pedagogical strategies to enable learners realize their own misconceptions and self-correct. Based on the findings of this study, the integration of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in teaching functions as an intervention strategy will be explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This case study focuses on the sculptural object titled It Will Continue to Grow Except at this Point (Continuerà a crescere tranne che in quel punto) by Giuseppe Penone from 1968. The work consists of a live, growing tree and a bronze cast of a human hand clasping it. It is a formation where the animate and the inanimate, object, plant, and human worlds meet to become one through the work of art. Due to the “animate nature” of the material of the object – a tree (rather than wood), and the hypothetical independence arising from it, this work cannot be fully described by the concepts of object or thing. The paradox of a living thing is revealed as a gradual process: the sculptor searches for harmony between the life of a human and a plant, contemplating the world from the perspective of the body and from the perspective of consciousness. Through this work, corporeality appears not only as a worldview that brings us closer to the world of other living beings, plants, and things, but also as a way of existence in the world – the artist’s strategy and the way they approach the object. Identifying oneself with the other through art here is an attempt to see it from the plant’s environment. By creating a work of art together with a tree, Penone contemplates not only the presence of otherness in the world, but rather the presence of a person – through the powers given to objects, he reflects on human existence, in this case, on the sculptor’s relationship with the external, material world. Although harmony with nature is sought here by using force, a temporary existence is found, a point of agreement where tension “flows” and transformation takes place in both directions: nature, forced to become a work of art, “responds”. Paradoxically, a tree can not only institute an artistic image, but also impact and transform this image much longer than a human being – within the perspective of time, humans are inferior to nature, that is, they obey the natural course of time. The magical environment, which is instituted by the perceiver of the work, here explains the peculiarities of communication with the tree and helps us transporting ourselves into the time of the tree: to compare it to human time and to turn the “frozen” events contained in the images into animated (moving) states of things – to show that what has no external sensory equivalent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The paper outlines the effects of consumerism on the human subject and human bonds. The present text discusses, through Freud’s conceptualization of “object,” the process leading to a possible objectification of mankind in consumerist societies. Later, Hegelian arguments are also used in an effort to differentiate “object of consumption” and “object of desire,” which are often interpreted as synonyms. Finally, contemporary authors are brought to the discussion to reflect on the effects of this confusion on contemporary subjects and their possible objectification. One might ask, then, whether the logic of consumption offers the illusion of omnipotence that places man in the position of master, that is, the illusion of independent consciousness. But isn’t the individual actually being enslaved? Thus, from the reading of Hegel, Freud, and Žižek, we think that this is what transforms the subjects dominated by consumerism into objects of consumption themselves. We believe that the wager of psychoanalysis in the Lacanian perspective is based on the immortality of desire and the responsibility of the subject for their choices. The analyst at work has the possibility of interpreting a discourse, that is, interpreting the surplus of jouissance, the modes of enjoyment of each discourse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In regards to the nature of time, it has become commonplace to hear physicists state that time does not exist and that the perception of time passing and of events occurring in time is an illusion. In this paper, I argue that physics is actually agnostic on the question of the nature of time. The standard arguments against its existence all suffer from implicit biases and hidden assumptions, rendering many of them circular in nature. An alternative viewpoint to that of Newtonian materialism is the process view of Whitehead. I will show that the process perspective supports the reality of becoming, of happening, and of change. At the fundamental level, time is an expression of the action of process generating the elements of reality. Metrical space–time is an emergent aspect of relations between process-generated entities. Such a view is compatible with existing physics. The situation of time in physics is reminiscent of that of the continuum hypothesis in mathematical logic. It may be an independent assumption, not provable within physics proper (though it may someday be amenable to experimental exploration). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the clinical work with patients who had made a very serious suicide attempt, in the context of separation or loss of a loved one, this article aims to analyse the different ways that psychic work can take when faced with grief and the originals productions of these types of psychic work which take a place aside in the continuum drawn by Freud between grief and melancholy. Three years of clinical observations and work brings us to a hypothesis that the severity of suicide gesture of the patients is not necessarily linked to the recent loss but frequently to a former loss that the patients suffered in the past sometimes without identifying this event as a loss, in some cases even with the transgenerational dimension. Through a network of memory, this former loss gives another sense to the recent loss and opens a new space for elaborative psychic work allowing us to access previously unattainable thoughts, dreams, associations, and identification conflicts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports on the findings of a baseline study that fed on to a broader investigation exploring ICT integration in the teaching of functions. The baseline study was premised on the observation that the notion of function, despite being a fundamental and central idea in the mathematics school curriculum, presents pedagogical challenges to both teachers and learners. The study used the qualitative case study design to investigate Grade 11 mathematics learners' errors and misconceptions under hyperbolic functions at a rural high school in the Limpopo province of South Africa. Informed by the constructivist APOS theory conception levels, learners' errors were detected from their written responses in a diagnostic test. The learners were then individually interviewed during task-based interviews to infer on the misconceptions underlying their errors. Qualitative analysis of the data revealed the following categories of misconceptions: algebraic, conceptual, asymptotic, graphical, and notational misconceptions. The study established that errors, if diagnosed and corrected, are springboards and milestones to the formulation and construction of proper mathematical ideas. To resolve learners' misconceptions, this study recommends that teachers should use explorative and discovery pedagogical strategies to enable learners realize their own misconceptions and self-correct. Based on the findings of this study, the integration of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in teaching functions as an intervention strategy will be explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contrast enhancement of images is a crucial topic in image processing that improves the quality of images. The methods of image enhancement are classified into three types, including the histogram method, the fuzzy logic method, and the optimal method. Studies on image enhancement are often based on the rules: if it is bright, then it is brighter; if it is dark, then it is darker, using a global approach. Thus, it is hard to enhance objects in all dark and light areas, as in satellite images. This study presents a novel algorithm for improving satellite images, called remote sensing image enhancement based on cluster enhancement (RSIECE). First, the input image is clustered by the algorithm of fuzzy semi-supervised clustering. Then, the upper bound and lower bound are estimated according to the cluster. Next, a sub-algorithm is implemented for clustering enhancement using an enhancement operator. For each pixel, the gray levels for each channel (R, G, B) are transformed with this sub-algorithm to generate new corresponding gray levels because after clustering, pixels belong to clusters with the corresponding membership values. Therefore, the output gray level value will be aggregated from the enhanced gray levels by the sub-algorithm with the weight of the corresponding cluster membership value. The test results demonstrate that the suggested algorithm is superior to several recently developed approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kazimir Malevich is one of those artists who wanted to turn his own vision of art into a metaphysics. This study aims to outline the main ideas of the theory developed by Malevich in order to better understand the artistic concept of sensation and its links with the philosophy of the turn of the century. It is shown that the idea of understanding sensation from the contrast between two squares originates in Ernst Mach’s Analysis of Sensations. After a description of the first part of Malevich’s book The non-objective World, the article focuses on the sensation of absence and its ability to generate other sensations without recourse to objects. At the end of the study, the concept of sensation, as it is understood by Malevich, is analysed from the perspective of virtual reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examination of the dual reason of objectuality, material / formal, and the subdivisions of the latter extracted from Thomism in order to resolve the deficit of reason that would deprive metaphysics of its certificate of science with the decline of exemplary causality. Could the enveloping substantivity in its actions of the totality of a system support contemporary metaphysics in a fight with phenomenologies deviated from the autarkic eîdos and the principle of constitutional sufficiey?. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Remote sensing has evolved through the appearance of several approaches. Object-based image analysis is a compelling approach to land use classification, object detection, and change detection in each environment. This paradigm is based on a critical and fundamental segmentation step. However, this step is highly dependent on the determination of the optimal parameters to be achieved. In this sense, methods have been invented to define the optimal segmentation parameters. This article presents an updated review of methods for defining optimal segmentation parameters. For this purpose, pertinent articles published in the main remote sensing journals from the emergence of the concept of object-based image analysis and segmentation to the present were used. The main aim is to provide a precise and detailed review of the different approaches previously presented. The originality of this review resides in the survey of all methods from conventional to the most recent with a discussion of these approaches. The results show that despite the advances in this field of research, most studies use the manual trial-and-error method. Conversely, state-of-the-art methods tend to determine the optimal parameter per type of geographic object and the adaptive calculation of segmentation parameters. Furthermore, the leading methods identified rely on supervised and unsupervised measures similarly, most of which use homogeneity measures. In contrast, a balance between intra- and inter-segment homogeneity and heterogeneity measures are more relevant. A distinction is made between pre-estimation and posterior parameter estimation methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To see, to be seen, to see that you are seen, these are experiences that are composed and de-composed in a succession of excitations, identifications, projections, wounds, grievances. They are experiences that may follow the path of processes of elaboration, or can turn into fixed, traumatic landmarks, which become markers of identity. Experiences of psychic construction are composed and de-composed around the gaze, starting from the mother's gaze that returns to the child the "digestible" forms of its own sensations. In the experiences specific to psychoanalysis with children, this sometimes appears in a form that preserves, or rather returns the violence of the first interactions, in which the efforts to identify one's own outline, one's own boundary, passed through the forms processed by the mother's gaze. Such a psychoanalytic experience acquires particular accents when it takes place in an institutional environment, specific to orphaned or abandoned children, as was the case with Alexandra. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Talking about myself is an alien and questionable act, not to say complex, in various spaces and contexts in which it sometimes falls to me to do so. For this reason, in the years that I have been attending this annual meeting that is the Bordes Seminar, I have tended on several occasions to propose detours and incidents embodied in different languages than written and oral, in order to account for some ghosts that visit me from time to time. In other words, to do that which is unique to each of us, that which Artaud so accurately sentenced in El pesa nervios, that of being ¨[...] the only witness of myself¨, I have used art both scenic and, lately, the visual. But what happens when the strategy becomes silent in the face of the suffering of those who use it, as their particular way of knowing how to say becomes insufficient to channel the testimony of what happens to us. Then it is time to rehearse the afterwards, to go further. Analogously to a passing ritual, I try to proceed with the present essay, leaving behind me the (apparently) exhausted to understand and accept the future in all its possibilities and transformations. What in the beginning would be the descriptive-interpretive compendium of a photographic series entitled Momoy citadino, which I have been building on the IG social network since the beginning of 2021 with the intention of reflecting on processes of revaluation and resignification of waste and obsolete, now becomes a testimony through the multifocal critical analysis of a single photograph of the series. Akind of first stage of the Guattari-Deleuzian ritornello, in order to reorganize (me) in the chaos produced by the drama of life: death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to explain the differential object marking (DOM) of inanimate objects in Spanish. Generally, animate objects in Spanish are marked with an A morpheme; however, it is possible for the A-marker to appear also with inanimate objects in specific circumstances. In this article, I defend the idea that the marking of inanimate objects in Spanish responds to the interaction of the feature of existence presupposition of the verb with the feature that dominates the object's specificity. The analysis will be done using mainly two theoretical tools: the feature geometry of Harley & Ritter (2002) and Chomsky's (2013, 2015) labeling theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has generally been recognized that while Bruno Latour's and Martin Heidegger's respective philosophies of technology converge on key points there is also a significant difference of attitudes towards the themes discussed. To better appreciate the similarities and differences, I suggest that we seek to understand both Latour and Heidegger as philosophers of the event, who seek to rescue the novel emergence of beings from the sedimentation of reductive, explanatory frameworks. I take up this line of thought and compare Latour's and Heidegger's theories of things and the types of experiences they presume. Latour's metaphysics of the actant ensures that no actant's activity is ever reduced to being the passive effect of another. Yet while the actant can be 'applied' to any entity, from a Heideggerian standpoint this strength is precisely its weakness. Latour's metaphysics provides a horizon of thought that blocks an original experience of things that Heidegger's thought points towards. By stepping back from the horizonal experience Latour's metaphysical blueprint for entities imposes, one can enter into an original opening that stems neither from humans nor nonhumans, but an ineradicable mystery at the origin of being. This mystery is nothing more than the inability to give ultimate reasons for the presence of beings. While Latour's actant as Ding is simply an actant with innumerable relations, Heidegger's das Ding is the concrete experience of the dissolution of metaphysical reasons, first and last causes. Precisely because Heidegger's das Ding emerges from a prior mystery that suspends any overarching causal or purposive schema, things can more freely presence from themselves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of object and the place it occupies in the subjective constitution of the individual are some of the most fundamental aspects of Lacan's theory. Based on the axiom "sublimation raises an object to the dignity of the thing," formulated by Lacan in his seminar about ethics in psychoanalysis (1959-1960), this article details how the author frames the object and its relationship with das Ding within sublimation. In this regard, emptiness is considered to be decisive in all forms of human creation which come from this drive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: this activity aimed to investigate how the 6th year students of the monsenhor walfredo gurgel municipal school in the city of alto do rodriguesrn, interpret mathematics in urban routes and aerial views. for the development of activities we use google maps to simulate and analyze routes and distances. the proposed simulations aimed at simulating and analyzing urban routes, building maps and geometric figures, with virtual learning objects (ova’s), providing students with learning that used their mathematical knowledge and digital technologies to validate strategies and solve everyday problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Building instance segmentation is of very importance to parallel reconstruction, management and analysis of building instance. Previous studies of building instance segmentation mainly focused on the building scenes where the building spacing is much larger than the point spacing, while the accuracy of building instance segmentation for complex buildings scenes and the building point clouds where the space between buildings is similar with point spacing is low. To improve the accuracy of building instance segmentation for complex building scenes, we propose a novel object-based building instance segmentation (OBBIS) method from airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) point clouds. Firstly, our proposed method divides building point clouds into objects, and then the objects are classified according to the characteristics of building roof plane objects, roof accessory objects and building facade objects. Secondly, we use node to represent object and then a fix-size feature vector is inferred for each node. Thirdly, vertical cylinder neighbour node graph is constructed. Finally, the energy function is constructed according to the relationship between the nodes, and then the objects are merged according to the energy minimum (that is, objects are merged with a minimum energy to obtain the building instances). Comprehensive experiments on benchmark datasets demonstrate that the proposed OBBIS method performs better than eight state-of-the-art building instance segmentation methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cloth has been a part of our lives for millennia, as second skin. In our climate controlled human-made environments clothes are also donned as symbolic protection and as engagement with other humans. As a symbol, cloth tells stories of who we are and what we have experienced. Disasters engender change and give birth to new expressions. We have seen the Kutch embroiderers create narrative tapestries on cloth of the aftermath of the earthquake well after the it was over. Unlike other disasters the corona pandemic has not ended. How does one narrate something that has not ended? The face mask of the pandemic may have stories to tell in the future. The mask has made the journey from a medical functional protection to a symbolic engagement and narrative canvas in a matter of months. The cloth mask can be washed and worn like our clothes which makes the wearing of it feel "normal" to become a part of our "everyday." Adapting to the new "norm," craftspeople have come to treat the mask as a new canvas on which to portray their art using motifs and elements from their existing visual narratives. Masked Narratives is an attempt to look at the cloth mask and the meanings that it constructs and reveals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The consideration of the material or the moral object in determining the nature of sin, is fundamental in the Christian tradition. Moral theology has focused mainly on the sexual sphere, where non datur parvitas materiae. The idea of the object in the nature of sin in general, is less explored. This article aims to investigate this very aspect, to understand how the moral object has been understood in history and what its role has been in determining the seriousness of sin. This first part, mainly historical in nature, reaches up to the modern era. The research shows how, from the very beginning, the moral object essentially refers to the act, although to some extent, the need to also introduce the agent appears in the explanation of the nature of the moral object itself. Conceptually, it avoids reducing object to the physical quantity of the action, but, on a casuistic level, the profile of object seems rather physical in nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emergence of the Musée du quai Branly project and its inauguration in Paris in 2006 have sparked off many controversies and stimulated numerous debates about the politics of representation, the colonial heritage in museum collections, the influence of art dealers, the role of indigenous communities, but also and above all the often antagonistic relationship between ethnographic and aesthetic approaches. It is not our intention here to reopen the controversy of the origins or to settle the alternative between the End of Art and the end of museum ethnography. On the contrary, we wish to place ourselves in a historical perspective, and to take advantage of this contribution to lay down some milestones in an intellectual journey that began more than a century ago and which is still often written in the mode of discontinuity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emergence of the Musée du quai Branly project and its inauguration in Paris in 2006 have sparked off many controversies and stimulated numerous debates about the politics of representation, the colonial heritage in museum collections, the influence of art dealers, the role of indigenous communities, but also and above all the often antagonistic relationship between ethnographic and aesthetic approaches. It is not our intention here to reopen the controversy of the origins or to settle the alternative between the End of Art and the end of museum ethnography. On the contrary, we wish to place ourselves in a historical perspective, and to take advantage of this contribution to lay down some milestones in an intellectual journey that began more than a century ago and which is still often written in the mode of discontinuity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]