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This article originally seeks to explore the impact of R&D investments and societal culture on green technology management, by applying Hofstede's cross-cultural perspective. At large, we investigate if green innovation is positively associated to country cultural indulgence, as this factor indicates that basic needs are already satisfied and there is room for looking into hierarchically higher concerns. We also argue that governments’ expenditures in green innovation tend to be more effective than those of firms, because governments are more willing to invest and risk in radical innovations than businesses. The analysis is conducted on a large-scale sample of data drawn from Eurostat, including information on R&D expenditures and on eco-innovation index from European firms and governments. The results confirm our model hypotheses: governments’ investments largely predict eco-innovation, differently from firms’ expenditures. Moreover, as supposed, country's cultural indulgence has a positive effect on the eco-innovation index as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The study aims to investigate the interplay among digital technologies, intellectual capital and innovation. Thus far, there have been scant research on such intricate bundle of interactions. Also, the findings of previous studies were rather inconclusive, because conflicting results emerged over time. Building on the existence of heterogeneous evidences, this study solved the detected criticism by suggesting a curvilinear relationship among digital technologies, digital skills of human capital and intellectual property. Specifically, we argue that the relationship between digital technologies and intellectual property is inverted u-shaped. Design/methodology/approach: Hypotheses are tested by applying a generalized linear model (GLM) regression analysis and a quadratic model for non-linear regression. The study analysed a large-scale sample of micro-data drawn from Eurostat. Such sample embraces the population of firms operating in all European member states. Findings: Overall, the results of the study confirm that digital technologies are curvilinearly related to intellectual property. Precisely, the curve is inverted u-shaped. Notably, results show that digital skills only matter when employees have very demanding duties to accomplish. In all other cases, digital skills do not affect intellectual property significantly. Research limitations/implications: The research is solely focused on firms' operating in the European Union. Future studies should extend the analysis to other geographies. Practical implications: At a real impact level, the study suggests that intellectual property is only partially fostered by digital skills and digital technologies. In this sense, digital skills might be overrated. Originality/value: Differently from prior research, this study originally detangles the impact of digital technologies on firm's intellectual capital by suggesting the existence of an inverse u-shaped relationship between variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The study aims to explore the interplay between open innovation and intellectual property. Differently from previous studies, we argue that open innovation fosters firm's patenting activity. Design/methodology/approach: We use linear regression analysis to test model's hypotheses. Data are drawn from the Eurostat statistics and refer to a large sample of European firms (NACE Rev.2). Findings: The findings confirm that open innovation fosters patenting activity in health care, also thanks to huge governments' expenditures in this market. Research limitations/implications: The study focuses solely on European firms and it adopts a traditional linear approach. So, we cannot exclude that different dynamics may occur across European borders. Future research should address this concern by focusing on multi-country comparative studies. Practical implications: Open innovation is the most suitable model for health industry, because it improves both innovation performance and intellectual capital of firms. Originality/value: The study tackles an existing gap of the literature by considering how the presence of large customers impacts the strength of intellectual property protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to extend the knowledge in the domain of intellectual capital and entrepreneurship by investigating whether happiness may have a positive influence on entrepreneurial initiative and intellectual property or not. Design/methodology/approach: The used large-scale dataset for 2018 is drawn from the Eurostat. It includes information on individual happiness, sustainability, start-ups, creativity, intellectual property and quality of life, grouped by European countries. Hypotheses are tested through using the linear regression method. Findings: The findings confirm that happiness, along with creativity, fosters both entrepreneurial initiative and intellectual property. Research limitations/implications: Future studies should test the model by extending the analysis to different world regions and by considering further variables, such as country culture. Practical implications: The study suggests that policy makers have to focus on improving life conditions and sustainability as a means to foster local economies and communities. Originality/value: This cutting-edge study is unique in its genus, because the prior literature never focused on these topics jointly. At an academic level, it ties happiness to creativity and to "the entrepreneurial spirit", thus opening up to a new and vast domain of researches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fungi of Aspergillus section Flavi can produce carcinogenic mycotoxins—aflatoxins (AFs)—of two types: types B and G (AFBs and AFGs). AFs are highly hazardous for human and animal health. Their levels in food and feed are therefore highly regulated, with a low acceptable limit for AF content. In France, climate change has led to the detection of AFs in maize harvests since 2015. Mycoflora analyses have identified two species, A. flavus (producing AFBs) and A. parasiticus (producing both AFBs and AFGs), as responsible for this AF contamination. However, mycoflora analysis is a time‐consuming method that cannot readily be applied to large numbers of samples. We propose here an alternative clade‐specific functional TaqMan quantitative PCR method based on the calmodulin gene for distinguishing between the A. flavus clade (AfC) and the A. parasiticus clade (ApC). We applied this method to 553 maize samples collected in three different harvest years (2018–2020). Both clades were detected in about 40% of the samples tested. As expected, we observed significant positive correlations between AFBs and AfC DNA (R2 = 0.708), and between AFGs and ApC DNA (R2 = 0.885). This method will be useful for the rapid, simple and cheap characterization of maize grain contamination with Aspergillus section Flavi. This method will make it possible to study the relationship between agroclimatic conditions, AF content and species prevalence, to facilitate the anticipation of AF risks due to global warming in France. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study sheds light on the relationship between business diversification and innovation. A diversification strategy is both a driver of sunk costs and strategic slack. Strategic slack is a valuable reserve of knowledge, usable to foster innovation. Using linear models, we explore the interplay between research and development (R&D) and organisational slack in large and diversified companies listed on the Euronext 100 Index. We consider the diversification pattern over time, and its interactions with the following three categories: sunk costs, slack resources, and R&D. The results show an antithetic effect of diversification and slack on R&D expenditures. In contrast to unabsorbed and potential slack, diversification and sunk costs hinder innovation. However, diversification is a huge source of strategic slack and, thus, has a positive effect on innovation, indirectly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This article aims to provide a bibliometric and systematic literature analysis of studies published in the Journal of Intellectual Capital (JIC) from 2014 to 2018 in order to highlight emerging themes and future trends. Design/methodology/approach: The analysis focused on 187 papers published on JIC over a period of five years. A scientometric approach to data mining enabled the detection of patterns in the dataset. Precisely, the investigation was conducted by integrating a bibliometric analysis on VOSviewer with a systematic literature review. Findings: Four main streams of research on JIC emerged in the years of the analysis: reporting and disclosure of intellectual capital; intellectual capital research in universities, education and public sector; knowledge management; intellectual capital, financial performance, and market value. Research limitations/implications: The study offers valid insights to the topics covered by the Journal of Intellectual Capital by identifying the main research gaps and trends, along with future research avenues. Originality/value: Prior scholars mostly focused on systematic literature reviews, whilst the use of bibliometric methods generally seems to be a missing tile in the research domain. Also, none of the extant studies has focused on the Journal of Intellectual Capital with reference to the 2014–2018 period. The use of both bibliometric and systematic approaches to literature review delivered extremely fine-tuned results in terms of factors such as citations, contents and evolution of clusters over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to frame organisational cybersecurity through a strategic lens, as a function of an interplay of pragmatism, inference, holism and adaptation. The authors address the hostile epistemic climate for intellectual capital management presented by the dynamics of cybersecurity as a phenomenon. The drivers of this hostility are identified and their implications for research and practice are discussed. Design/methodology/approach: The philosophical foundations of cybersecurity in its relation with strategy, knowledge and intellectual capital are explored through a review of the literature as a mechanism to contribute to the emerging theoretical underpinnings of the cybersecurity domain. Findings: This conceptual paper argues that a knowledge-based perspective can serve as the necessary platform for a phenomenon-based view of organisational cybersecurity, given its multi-disciplinary nature. Research limitations/implications: By recognising the knowledge-related vectors, mechanisms and tendencies at play, a novel perspective on the topic can be developed: cybersecurity as a "knowledge problem". In order to facilitate such a perspective, the paper proposes an emergent epistemology, rooted in systems thinking and pragmatism. Practical implications: In practice, the knowledge-problem narrative can underpin the development of new organisational support constructs and systems. These can address the distinctiveness of the strategic challenges that cybersecurity poses for the growing operational reliance on intellectual capital. Originality/value: The research narrative presents a novel knowledge-based analysis of organisational cybersecurity, with significant implications for both interdisciplinary research in the field, and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]