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In this work we present some results of the interaction of high-energy muons with emulsion nuclei. The interaction results in emission of a number of fragments as a consequence of electromagnetic dissociation of the excited target nuclei. This excitation is attributed to absorption of photons by the target nuclei due to the intense electric field of the very fast incident muon particles. The interactions take place at impact parameters that allow ultra-peripheral collisions to take place, leading to giant resonances and hence multifragmentation of emulsion targets. Charge identification, range, energy spectra, angular distribution and topological cross-section of the produced fragments are measured and evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Breast cancer is a devastating disease affecting women of all ages worldwide with the age incidence in Egypt being one decade younger than the mean age incidence, the latissimus dorsi (LD) flap is an important volume-replacement option due to its stability and versatility as an autologous flap. LD flap could be used for total breast reconstruction after mastectomy in selective cases or to fill a large quadrantectomy defect. Aim: The aim of this study is to estimate the oncologic and aesthetic outcomes and the procedure-related complications of latissimus dorsi (LD) flap with skin sparing mastectomy in management of breast cancer. Patients: On 25 patients breast cancer underwent skin-sparing mastectomy with immediate reconstruction using LD flap. Methods: All patients were subjected to: (Complete history taken, General examination, Local examination and routine investigations) Surgical procedures: 25 patients with breast cancer underwent skin-sparing mastectomy with immediate reconstruction with LD flap. Results: Mean age of included patients was 41.12 years with mean BMI 29.17 kg/m², regarding tumor classification DCIS represented 8% LCIS represented 20% IDC represented 32% ILC represented 40% of all patients, Positive lymph node 1-3 in 40% of patients and more than 3 in 20% of patients and 40% of patients had negative lymph node, 96% of patients had no recurrence on the other hand only 4% shows locoregoinal recurrence, Regarding postoperative immediate complications 72% of patients showed no complications. Discussion: In the current study we aimed to estimate the oncologic and aesthetic outcomes and the procedure-related complications of latissimus dorsi (LD) flap with skin sparing mastectomy in management of breast cancer. Conclusion: Skin sparing mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction using latissimus dorsi muscular flap allows single-stage, totally autologous reconstruction with a satisfactory aesthetic result, low morbidity, and good quality of life. Recommendations: Breast cancer patients are best managed by a multidisciplinary team, Breast conservation surgery does often leave a significant deformity which can best be corrected by an immediate LD flap reconstruction, this method is simple and effective, our concept should be further analyzed in larger comparative studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we present the study of emissions of light fragments produced in interactions of 160 GeV muons with emulsion nuclei. A total of 820 interactions with emulsion nuclei were collected. Thickness, coordinate and range of each track were measured. Charges of emitted fragments were identified and the corresponding energies were calculated. Multiplicity, total particle production cross-sections and angular distribution of particles (P, He, Li, Be and B) were presented. Forward–backward–angular correlations were measured for the emitted alpha particles. Short and long range correlation among pairs of Alfa particles were observed at specific angular intervals. The experimental data and the results of the angular correlation were used to find the probable mechanism of producing alpha particles and to reveal the dynamic characteristics of the reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]