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AbstractObjective:The purpose of this in vitrostudy was to evaluate the dentine root surface roughness and the adherence of Streptococcus sanguinis(ATCC 10556) after treatment with an ultrasonic system, Er:YAG laser, or manual curette. Background Data:Bacterial adhesion and formation of dental biofilm after scaling and root planing may be a challenge to the long-term stability of periodontal therapy. Materials and Methods:Forty flattened bovine roots were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: ultrasonic system (n= 10); Er:YAG laser (n= 10); manual curette (n= 10); or control untreated roots (n= 10). The mean surface roughness (Ra, μm) of the specimens before and after exposure to each treatment was determined using a surface profilometer. In addition, S. sanguiniswas grown on the treated and untreated specimens and the amounts of retained bacteria on the surfaces were measured by culture method. Results:All treatments increased the Ra; however, the roughest surface was produced by the curettes. In addition, the specimens treated with curettes showed the highest S. sanguinisadhesion. There was a significant positive correlation between roughness values and bacterial cells counts. Conclusion:S. sanguinisadhesion was the highest on the curette-treated dentine root surfaces, which also presented the greatest surface roughness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACTObjective:The aim of the present study was to compare the in vitroeffects of the Er:YAG laser, an ultrasonic system, and manual curette on dentine root surface by roughness and micro-morphological analysis. Materials and Methods:Thirty-six flattened bovine roots were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: group 1 (n 12): Er:YAG laser (2940 nm), 120 mJ/pulse, 10 Hz, 8.4 J/cm2; group 2 (n 12): ultrasonic system; and group 3 (n 12): manual curette. The mean surface roughness (Ra) of each sample was measured using a profilometer before and after the treatments. The micro-morphology of the treated and untreated (control) root surfaces was evaluated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at 50× and 1000× magnification. Results:Analysis with the profilometer showed that for equal times of instrumentation, the smoothest surfaces were produced by the Er:YAG laser and the ultrasonic system, followed by the curette (p< 0.05). Morphological analyses demonstrated that treatment with the Er:YAG laser produced some areas with an irregular surface, craters, and ablation of the intertubular dentin. The smear layer was removed and dentine tubules were opened by both curettes and the ultrasonic system. The micro-morphology of the dentine root surface after ultrasonic treatment, however, demonstrated randomly distributed areas cratering. Conclusion:All instruments increased the roughness of the dentine root surface after treatment; however, the curette produced rougher surfaces than the other devices. SEM analysis revealed distinct root surface profiles produced by the three devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]