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Nanoparticles particularly titanium dioxide (TiO2) have demonstrated remarkable potential in both photocatalytic degradation of the toxic compounds and development of the effective photodynamic therapy (PDT) by harnessing light-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. In PDT, the choice of appropriate photosensitizers (PSs) and optimal light sources is crucial for the therapeutic efficacy. Pure titanium dioxide has the drawbacks of limited tissue penetration and high cytotoxicity due to the triggered traditional ultraviolet light sources, rapid recombination rate of the electron (e−)/hole (h+) pairs attributed to their broader band gap energy, and low solubility with high tendency to aggregation in water. Reproducible synthesis and efficiency optimization in ROS generation are also among the challenges. Addressing these challenges, this study focuses on the construction of a novel PDT nanoplatform: design and synthesis of the biocompatible N-doped-TiO2/FeTCPP (PFNT) by modifying TiO2 nanoparticles with urea as a safe nitrogen source (NT) to create an efficient type I PS, which expands the optical absorption capacity between 400 and 800 nm due to the facilitated localized nitrogen states within the titanium dioxide band gap, as well as by incorporating iron metalloporphyrin FeTCPP (tetra(4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin) as an effective type II PS. Upon visible-light irradiation, FeTCPP not only sensitizes singlet oxygen, but also transfers electrons from excited FeTCPP* species to Ti4+-based N-TiO2 to afford FeTCPP•+ ligands and Ti3+ centers, thus propagating the production of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide, and hydroxyl radicals. By generating the substantial distinct ROS, significant tumor cell killing was obtained under LED irradiation, particularly in addressing melanoma. This research underscores substantial promise of the designed N‐TiO2/FeTCPP nanocomposites in advancing the field of PDT-based cancer therapy, paving the way for efficient and targeted treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, our research was focused on the synthesis and characterizing of novel mixed metal–metal organic frameworks (MM-MOFs) incorporating porphyrin ligands. Furthermore, we investigated their performance in photodegrading 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene (1,5-DHN) into 5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione (Juglone). Integrating metalloporphyrin-based ligands into bimetallic MOFs represents a pioneering advancement in this field. Photocatalytic reactions were conducted using various stoichiometric ratios of Co and Zn as metal nodes, along with meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (TCPP-H2) and Mn(III) meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin chloride (Mn-TCPP) as linkers. Results revealed that Co as a node led to the formation of nanorod metal–organic frameworks (MOF) structures, while Zn enhanced photocatalytic activity. Significantly, a photodegradation yield of 72% was achieved with a 1:3 molar ratio of Co to Zn in Zn75%/Co25 (TCPP-Mn), demonstrating a synergistic interplay between Co to Zn nodes and Mn-porphyrin linkers. Characterization was performed using structural and microscopic methods. Additionally, various parameters were optimized to elucidate the photocatalytic mechanism, revealing the promising potential of MM-MOFs for efficient photodegradation of 1,5-DHN and beyond. It is noteworthy that the integration of metalloporphyrin-based structures into MM-MOFs for photodegradation processes is relatively uncommon, underscoring the novelty and potential significance of incorporating porphyrin-based ligands in mixed metal MOFs for photodegradation applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the novel PCN-224/cloisite-30B composite is prepared through the solvothermal method. Cloisite-30B, a natural, nonpoisonous, and inexpensive substance, has been composited with porphyrinic-based-MOF for the first time. The mentioned composite has been characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Also, the quadratic model for predicting methylene blue (MB) removal efficiency is presented (R2 = 0.9984, R2adj = 0.9954). Moreover, the optimum condition for MB adsorption has been assessed through Design-Expert software (80 initial dye concentration, 20 mg adsorbent, 30 min adsorption time, pH = 7). At the optimum condition, the adsorption capacity of adsorbent toward four other dyes has been studied, including methyl orange (MO), rhodamine B (RhB), congo red (CR), and eriochrome black T (EBT). The adsorption (Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin model) and kinetic (first and second order) study were calculated based on non-linear equations. PCN-224/cloisite-30B is an efficient adsorbent in dye removal and acts selectively when it is in contact with anionic and cationic species with close molecular size. Furthermore, the composite is highly recyclable, after ten washing cycles, it has the same efficiency as the first cycle in MB removal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research investigates the synthesis and photocatalytic performance of MM-MOFs based on porphyrin ligands for the conversion of 1,5-DHN to Juglone. This conversion is significant as Juglone serves as a crucial building block in anthraquinone synthesis. MM-MOFs have shown enhanced properties than their monometallic counterparts. In this research, the substitution of the second metal ions in the inorganic nodes will allow the bimetallic system to show synergistic effects and increase the photocatalytic activity. MM-MOFs, in which multifunctional organic linkers (such as porphyrins) are utilized, exhibit superior performance compared to single-functional linkers. Photocatalytic reactions were conducted using varying molar ratios of cobalt and nickel as nodes, and H2TCPP and Mn-TCPP as linkers. The highest photocatalytic efficiency of 69% was achieved using a molar ratio of 1:1 of Co:Ni and Mn-TCPP (Ni50%/Co50% TCPP-Mn), thereby showcasing a synergistic effect between Co:Ni as nodes and Mn-porphyrin as the linker. The synthesized MM-MOFs were extensively characterized using techniques such as FTIR, SEM, BET, XRD, DRS, EDX, XPS and TEM. Additionally, various factors influencing photocatalytic activity, including solvent, oxidant, time and light source were optimized. The best results confirm that acetonitrile as the solvent, 8 mg of MOF, oxygen as the oxidant, a reaction time of 4 h and a Xenon lamp as the light source. The outcomes of this study demonstrate the innovative potential of MM-MOFs as efficient photocatalysts for converting 1,5-DHN to Juglone, with broader implications for applications in catalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, novel UiO-66/Cloisite-30B is synthesized through the solvothermal method and characterized properly. Closite-30B is an affordable, eco-friendly, and nontoxic substance. It is the first time that the mentioned nanoclay is composited with zirconium-based Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs). The nanocomposite exhibits satisfying efficiency in the removal of Methyl orange (MO) and Methylene blue (MB) at room temperature, 70 mg L−1 initial dye concentration, and pH = 6 due to MOF surface area and nanoclay functional groups. The optimum condition is studied through Design-Expert software, and the quadratic model (R2 = 0.98 & R2adj = 0.92) for predicting MO adsorption capacity is indicated. Moreover, thermodynamic and adsorption kinetics are considered, and the chemisorption is confirmed due to a better fit with the second-order kinetic model (R2 = 1). Among isotherm models, the Langmuir model is well fitted. After six adsorption–desorption cycles, the adsorbent has satisfactory results, especially MB adsorption (˃77%). In addition, the adsorbent operates selectively in acidic and basic environments. This study presents a novel efficient MOF nanocomposite that is highly potential for wastewater treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on synthesizing novel nanocomposites, zinc(II)tetrakis(4-phenyl)porphyrin/Cu nanoparticles (ZnTPP/Cu-NPs),with antibacterial activity, fabricated through a single-step green procedure. In this regard, the self-assembly of ZnTPP was carried out through an acid–base neutralization method to prepare ZnTPP nanoparticles. Then, the copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) were grown on ZnTPP nanoparticles through a visible-light irradiated photochemical procedure in the absence and presence of polyacrylic acid (PAA) as a modulator. The effect of PAA on the morphological properties of the prepared nanocomposites was evaluated. Eventually, the antibacterial activity of nanocomposites with different morphologies was investigated. In this way, the average zone of inhibition growth of diameter, minimum inhibitory concentration, and minimum bactericidal concentration values was determined. Besides, the cytotoxicity of the nanocomposites was evaluated by (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay MCF-7and (HEK-293) cell lines. The specific features of the synthesized nanocomposites identified them as antibacterial compounds which have therapeutic effects on breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copper-based metal−organic frameworks (Cu-MOFs) have been extensively used in delivery of several therapeutics because of their cytocompatibility, favorable degradation and structural flexibility. In this work, we investigated two types of Cu-MOF-based nanocomposites including GO/Cu-TCPP and Fe3O4@Cu3(BTC)2 for loading of doxorubicin (DOX) and pH-sensitive release of the drug in vitro. The Fe3O4@Cu3(BTC)2 is an octahedron network structure, while the GO/Cu-TCPP nanocomposite consists of copper (II)-porphyrin metal–organic framework (Cu-TCPP) crystals embedded between exfoliated graphene oxide (GO) layers. Our studies show that GO/Cu-TCPP has adsorbed more doxorubicin (DOX) (45.7 wt.%) compared to Fe3O4@Cu3(BTC)2 (40.5 wt.%). More drug loading for Cu3(BTC)2 was also obtained than that of Cu-TCPP. For GO/Cu-TCPP at pH 5, 98.9% of DOX released for 60 h and 33.5% of DOX released after 60 h at pH 7.4, while the released amount of DOX from Fe3O4@Cu3(BTC)2 at pH 5 reached 85.5% and 33.5% at pH 7.4 afterward 60 h. The difference between the amount of drug released in two nanocomposites related to drug loading capacity demonstrating the impact nanocomposite structure on the smart MOF construction for pH-responsive behavior in vitro. Based on the results, the GO/Cu-TCPP and Fe3O4@Cu3(BTC)2 nanocomposites possess low toxicity and good biocompatibility, but DOX-loaded GO/Cu-TCPP generate better toxicity to cancer cells compared with Fe3O4@Cu3(BTC)2-DOX. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new multifunctional graphene oxide/Cu (II)-porphyrin MOF nanocomposite (CuG) comprised of Cu-TCPP MOF supported on graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, has been fabricated by a solvothermal method at low temperature and one-pot process. Cu-TCPP MOF with universal advantages, such as high porosity, nontoxicity, large surface area, and safe biodegradation, combined with GO allows the achievement of an efficient doxorubicin loading (45.7%) and smart pH-responsive release for chemotherapy. More significantly, more than 97% of DOX was released by CuG at pH 5 which was more than that at pH 7.4 (~ 33.5%), while Cu-TCPP MOF displayed DOX release of 68.5% and 49% at pH 5 and 7.4, respectively, illustrating the effect of GO on the smart MOF construction for controllable releasing behavior in vitro. The results of in vitro anticancer experiments demonstrate that the developed nanocarrier exhibited slight or no cytotoxicity on normal cells, while the drug-loaded nanocarrier increased significant cancer cell-killing ability with higher therapeutic efficacy than free DOX, indicating the sustained release behavior of the CuG nanocarrier without any "burst effect". Moreover, the in vivo experiments demonstrated that the CuG-DOX exhibited significantly higher anticancer efficiency compared with free DOX. High anti-cancer therapeutic efficacy of this nanoscale carrier as an efficient pH sensitive agent, has the potential to enter further biomedical investigations. A new smart multifunctional graphene oxide–Cu (II)-porphyrin MOF nanocomposite (CuG) formed of Cu-TCPP MOF and graphene oxide (GO) has successfully fabricated and demonstrated an efficient pH-responsive drug release behavior in cancer therapy without using any targeting ligand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ZrFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were prepared via three different methods: solvothermal, microwave-assisted solvothermal, and combustion. Among them, the last two methods reduce the synthesis time from 48 h to 45 and 10 min, respectively. The structural studies of the compounds were done by XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, VSM, BET, TGA, and DRS that confirm and emphasize the particle size is in meso-range between 24 and 48 nm; the photocatalytic activity of the compound, for degradation of methylene blue, was also investigated by UV–visible spectroscopy at 664 nm. The best degradation took place with solvothermal processes (57%) for 90 min. Moreover, the obtained results were considerable for industrial fabrication aims. The oxidation reaction studies of cyclohexane in the presence of Zr ferrites as a catalyst prepared by the microwave-assisted solvothermal method (ZrFe2O4(Mic-Solv)) showed the highest catalytic activity. By loading of 0.374 mmol of ZrFe2O4(Mic-Solv), the turnover number was observed 5273, and total selectivity for cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol was observed 99.4% at 423 K after 135 min of reaction in the industrial microwave vessel. The advantage of the ZrFe2O4(Mic-Solv) compound as a catalyst in this work is the stability of the structure that makes it a prominent reusable catalyst with no activity reduction after six consecutive runs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A copper ferrite–polyaniline (CuFe@PANI) adsorbent has been prepared by in situ oxidative polymerization of aniline in the presence of pre-synthesized copper ferrite nanoparticles. FT-IR spectra, XRD patterns, UV–Vis spectra, VSM curves, TGA/DTA analysis, EDS spectrum and SEM and TEM images confirmed the architecture of CuFe@PANI nanocomposite and characterized its properties. The fabricated nanocomposite had mesoporous structure with BET surface area of 20.3668 m2/g that exhibited excellent ability for the adsorbing of methyl orange from aqueous media, with the maximum adsorption capacity of 345.9 mg/g. Due to the excellent magnetic properties of CuFe 2 O 4 , the nanocomposite could be separated easily by an external magnetic field. Image 1 • Copper ferrite–polyaniline (CuFe@PANI) adsorbent was successfully prepared. • The fabricated composite possessed mesopores with BET surface area of 20.3668 m2/g. • The fabricated composite exhibited excellent ability for the adsorption of MO. • The maximum adsorption capacity of 345.9 mg/g. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a novel SPP-based photocatalytic system with high photocatalytic performance consisting metallic nanograting elements is proposed and simulated numerically with finite-differential time-domain (FDTD) method. Various nanograting metallic shapes, rectangular and trapezoidal, are studied. Results shows that the absorption significantly increases for the trapezoidal grating-based structure compared to its flat and rectangular grating elements. In addition, the effect of the incident angle of the sun light is considered to achieve an optimum design. It is found that in all angles of the incidence, trapezoidal grating (TG) has larger visible photocatalytic activities than the flat and rectangular cases. The best configuration was realized for the trapezoidal grating-based structure at 60° of inclination when the height of the grating elements is 43 nm. The photocatalytic activity of the metallic grating structure was attributed to scattering of the incident light and return to the host TiO2 medium and the surface plasmon excitation of the metallic elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract In this paper, we report the exploration of highly luminescent three-dimensional microporous metal–organic framework, [Zn 2 (oba) 2 (bpy)], synthesized by sonochemistry for highly selective and sensitive detection of Fe3+ in MeOH solution via a fluorescence quenching mechanism. Abstract Synthesis of metal–organic framework (MOF) materials via ultrasound (US) irradiation involves shorter reaction times and offers enhanced control of particle size and morphology compared to conventional electric heating. Here, we report the exploration of highly luminescent three-dimensional microporous metal–organic framework, [Zn 2 (oba) 2 (bpy)], (1 ; H 2 oba = 4,4′-oxybis(benzoicacid); bpy = 4,4′-bipyridine) synthesized by sonochemistry for highly selective and sensitive detection of Fe3+ in MeOH solution via a fluorescence quenching mechanism. Fluorescence titration experiments reveal that 1 is highly selective for Fe3+ ion with a response time of <2 min and the limit of detection (LOD) reaches a low level of 0.3 μM (17 ppb). The luminescence is completely quenched in 100 µM MeOH solution of Fe3+. Furthermore, the static quenching constant is calculated to be upper than 58 000 M−1 by the fluorescence titration experiment in low concentration of Fe3+. No interferences from 250 μM As3+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Mn2+ and Al3+ were found for the detection of Fe3+. Importantly, 1 can be cycled at least four times without loss of emission signals, which suggests that the functionalized 1 is a promising luminescent probe for selectively sensing of Fe3+ ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new magnetically responsive three-component nanocomposite consisting of ZnFe 2 O 4 (ZnFe), polythiophene (PTh) and porphyrin was successfully prepared by coating of ZnFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles with polythiophene and subsequent sensitizing with tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)prophyrin (TCPP). The prepared TCPP/ZnFe 2 O 4 @Polythiophene nanocomposite (TCPP/ZnFe@PTh NC) was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), scanning electron microscopy imaging (SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) was used to find the photocatalytic ability of this nanocomposite. In addition, photocatalytic–adsorption activities of prepared samples were carried out for removal of methyl orange (MO), methylene blue (MB) and mixture of MB and MO under visible LED lamp light and sunlight irradiation. The results indicated that the synthesized nanocomposite not only shows excellent photocatalytic and adsorption activity for removal of MO and MB, respectively, but also can be separated easily by an external magnet and reused twice more. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, dipeptide (his-β-alanine) and porphyrin derivatives were choosen for comparing chelating ability of toxic metals such as Al3+, Cu2+, Hg2+ and Pb2+ in-vitro. The reason for choosing these two compounds is that both of them are naturally present in biological systems and comparison of chelating ability of these two compounds has not yet been done. Synthesis and comparison of kinetic study of dipeptide (his-β-alanine), meso-tetrakis(4- trimethylanilinium) porphyrin (TAPP) and Tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (TPPS4) were carried out by our team. In addition, cytotoxicity assays of metals and chelators were also performed using methylthiazoletetrazolium (MTT) test. Furthermore we investigated the protective effect of chelators against cytotoxicity, induced by differenrt toxic metals such as Al3+, Cu2+, Hg2+ and Pb2+ on human lymphocytes. EC50 values on human lymphocytes obtained after 12 h. incubation for Al3+, Cu2+ and Hg2+ were 30, 51, 3 μM respectively and for Pb2+ no cytotoxicity was observed on human lymphocyte up to 1000 μM concentration. EC50 obtained for chelators dipeptide, TPPS4 and TAPP were 948, 472 and 175 μM respectively. Pretreatment of human lymphocyte with subtoxic concentations of chelators reduced toxicity of the metals against human blood lymphocytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BiWO nanoplates were synthesized by a simple one-step hydrothermal method using oleic acid (OA) as a green and cheap capping agent. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were used to characterize the products. The interaction between the precursor product and oleic acid was studied by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR). In addition, the catalytic activity of prepared BiWO for the oxidation of thiols to disulfides as an important reaction in both biological and chemical processes was investigated. It was found to be an efficient catalyst for the selective oxidation of thiols to the corresponding disulfides, without over-oxidation, at room temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The oxidation of alcohols and alkenes to aldehydes, ketones and epoxides is a major reaction in organic synthesis, but is usually hard to perform due to the lack of efficient methods. The use of ultrasounds may improve yield because ultrasonic-assisted reactions are often more efficient than traditional methods. Here, we prepared a hybrid chromium(VI)-based magnetic nanocomposite catalyst by co-precipitation. This catalyst was characterized by Fourier transform infrared, solid-state ultraviolet-visible, elemental analysis, X-ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and vibrating sample magnetometer analyses. The catalytic activity was tested by the oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde, cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone, and epoxidation of cyclohexene, using hydrogen peroxide at room temperature under ultrasonic irradiation. Results show conversions ranging from 27 to 100 % according to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. This is the first report of using magnetic nanocomposites with ultrasonic irradiation for oxidation reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, ZnO nanorods were synthesized after optimizing the parameters of pH and the concentration of raw materials, reflux temperature, reflux time and annealing temperature through the co-precipitation method. The resulting nanorods with 90 nm average diameters have a wurtzite hexagonal crystalline structure. To improve the photocatalytic efficiency of the prepared photocatalyst in the visible light region, ZnO nanorods were functionalized with a tin porphyrin (SnTCPP) photosensitizer. The prepared photocatalysts were characterized through FT-IR, DRS, XRD and SEM analysis. The photoactivity of the prepared samples was investigated via photodegradation of a colored pollutant of methyl orange and photoreduction of graphene oxide. The results showed that ZnO photosensitized with SnTCPP is able to destroy 85 % of methyl orange in 240 min under visible light radiation. The investigation of the photocatalytic mechanism determined that $${\text{O}}_{2}^{ - }$$ is the major species in the photodegradation of methyl orange over the SnTCPP/ZnO compound. In addition, the photoreduction process was suitably carried out using SnTCPP/ZnO compound. The reduced graphene oxide was obtained during 2 h of the photoreduction process over the prepared SnTCPP/ZnO compound. Thus, porphyrin photosensitizer can be very helpful in activating the ZnO photocatalyst in the visible region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A highly efficient photocatalyst was produced by immobilizing V-doped mesoporous TiO/tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (V-TiO/TCPP) onto SBA-15 walls, and was then investigated for photodecomposition of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) in aqueous solutions. In the present paper, first, in order to activate titanium dioxide by visible light, the TiO mesoporous was doped by vanadium (V-TiO) and then it was sensitized by tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (TCPP). To improve the photocatalytic activity of the prepared catalyst, SBA-15 was functionalized with the prepared V-TiO/TCPP by pre-anchorage of 3-(aminopropyl)-triethoxysilane via post-synthesis method (V-TiO/TCPP/SBA). The obtained materials were characterized by UV-Vis absorption, FT-IR spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance (DRS), scanning electron microscopy, X-Ray diffraction, and N adsorption-desorption. Furthermore, a comparative study on the photodegradation of 2,4-DCP between V-TiO/TCPP/SBA and V-TiO/TCPP composites was performed and the role of SBA-15 was investigated. The results showed that the decomposition efficiency of the 2,4-DCP by using the V-TiO/TCPP/SBA was much more than that of applying TCPP/V-TiO in high initial concentration of pollutant (up to 99 % in 300 mg/L). In addition, the photocatalytic degradations of 2,4-DCP using above photocatalysts all followed a first-order kinetic model. The V-TiO/TCPP/SBA was recycled four times without significant loss of photocatalytic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a nanostructure material of pillared graphene made of tin porphyrin functionalized graphene–TiO 2 composite (TG) was successfully synthesized. The prepared compound showed high activity in the photodegradation reaction under irradiation of visible light. To investigate the effect of graphene as well as dye sensitization on the photoactivity of the catalysts, photocatalytic properties and photocurrent responses of the photocatalyst were examined. Results showed that the composite of graphene–TiO 2 containing 3% graphene had the highest photoactivity. Besides, tin porphyrin-pillared TG composite (TGSP) material exhibited an excellent visible light photocatalytic performance in degradation of methyl orange dye. The photoelectrochemical investigations determined that compared with the pure TiO 2 electrode, the TGSP electrode exhibited a 23-fold enhancement of photocurrent intensity, suggesting the synergistic effect of the TiO 2 , the graphene, and the tin porphyrin photosensitizer in these photocatalysts. Furthermore, the mechanism of the photocatalytic process of the synthesized catalysts and the charge transfer mechanism in the prepared TGSP via its band edge positions was also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present work, we report on the preparation of cellulosic fabrics bearing two types of photo-sensitizers in order to prepare efficient polymeric materials for antimicrobial applications. The obtained porphyrin-grafted cellulosic fabrics were characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance UV–Vis (DRUV) spectroscopy, thermo-gravimetric analysis (TG) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Antimicrobial activity of the prepared porphyrin-cellulose was tested under visible light irradiation against Staphylococcus aureus , Pseudomunas aeroginosa and Escherichia coli . In addition, the effect of two parameters on photo-bactericidal activity of treated fibers was studied: illumination time and concentration of photosensitizers (PS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research deals with the development of a new heterogeneous photocatalysis system for disinfection of bacteria from wastewater by using TiO 2 –graphene (TG) nanocomposite sensitized with tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (TCPP). The disinfection of wastewater using this photocatalyst is not reported in the literature yet. All the synthesized materials were thoroughly characterized by Raman, XRD, DRS, BET, and SEM analysis. The optimum content of graphene in the TiO 2 –graphene nanocomposite was determined by photocurrent responses of prepared photocatalysts. Subsequently, the photocurrent measurements demonstrate that the TiO 2 –graphene nanocomposite with 3% graphene content has higher photoactivity. Furthermore, sensitization of the TiO 2 –graphene nanocomposite with porphyrin (TGP) is successfully capable to develop a new type of photocatalyst system for disinfection of bacteria with moderate to high yields in visible light irradiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces two novel simple correlations to assess crystal density of ionic molecular energetic materials as a new class of hazardous high energy density materials. The first one is based on only elemental composition, which can be corrected in the second correlation by two correcting functions on the basis of some molecular fragments in order to include intermolecular interactions. For 100 ionic CHNO molecular systems as training set, the root mean square (rms) percent deviations of predictions for these models relative to experiment are 5.4% and 3.2%, respectively. Corresponding average absolute errors for the new correlations are also 0.077 and 0.042 g/cm 3 , respectively. These models have been validated with further the 48 ionic compounds as test set, where the computed results of two complex quantum mechanical models have been reported, which give good results. Moreover, the second revised correlation provides the lowest rms percent deviation and average absolute error of predictions for the tested ionic compounds relative to experiment, i.e., 2.3% and 0.036 g/cm 3 , respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, nanohallow Zn Fe 2 O 4 microspheres were synthesis by ZnCl 2 , FeCl 3 ⋅6H 2 O and ammonium acetate using the hydrothermal method. Then, Zn Fe 2 O 4 @ZnO core–shell structured spheres were prepared by using immobilization of ZnO nanoparticles on the surface of Zn-ferrite spheres via sol–gel rout. SEM and TEM images showed morphology and core–shell structure of particles. Results of VSM illustrate that Zn Fe 2 O 4 and Zn Fe 2 O 4 @ZnO particles are superparamagnetic. Photocatalytic activity studies confirm that synthesised Zn Fe 2 O 4 @ZnO core–shell sphere with molar ratio of 1:1 had excellent photodegradating behavior to methylene blue (MB) as compared to other core–shell ratios, pure Zn Fe 2 O 4 and pure ZnO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods have been synthesized using a simple template-free precipitation technique and deposited on glass substrate. The meso-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin (TPPS) has been synthesized and then immobilized on the surface of ZnO nanorods to prepare an organic/inorganic composite. The samples were characterized by various techniques such as X-ray diffraction, diffuse reflectance spectra, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, the photobactericidal activity of TPPS/ZnO composite, TPPS and ZnO nanorods was tested against the pathogenic bacterium of Escherichia coli under visible LED lamp irradiation. The results indicate that the photobactericidal activity of TPPS-loaded ZnO nanorods was better than TPPS or ZnO nanorods, separately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a new magnetic iron oxide-dichromate hybrid nanomaterial is introduced. The magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles have been synthesized by co-precipitation manner. Then, tetraethyl orthosilicate as a source of silica has been applied for creation of core-shell nanoparticles iron oxide-silica. Iron oxide-silica was functionalized using (3-chloropropyl)trimethoxysilane and triethylamine. The cationic part was organized for immobilization of anionic part of the Cr(VI) catalysts with dichromate to give [FeO/SiO/N(CH)]CrO. The structure of the catalyst after immobilization was specified using elemental analysis, X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared and solid state UV-Vis. The particle size and morphology were recognized by scanning electron microscope and XRD. Superparamagnetic behavior of nanoparticles was corroborated by vibrating sample magnetometer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] A new immobilization of fluorochromate on Et3N surface modified Fe3O4 is reported. [•] It was approved by XRF, XRD, FT-IR, UV–vis, SEM, TEM, BET and VSM. [•] The analysis showed uniform nanoscale size of the spherical morphology. [•] An excellent saturation magnetization property was observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In this study, a new magnetic hybrid nanomaterial Fe3O4@SiO2@PPh3@[CrO3F]− is instituted. Firstly, magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been synthesized by hydrothermal method. Next, the produced magnetic nanoparticles were covered with a silica shell via modified Stöber method. Then, the core–shell magnetic nanoparticles system Fe3O4@SiO2 functionalization was combined by utilizing (3-chloropropyl)trimethoxysilane and triphenylphosphine, to give the cationic part for immobilization of the anionic part of the Cr(VI) catalysts including [CrO3F]−. The structure of the catalyst after immobilization was investigated by using elemental analysis, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and solid state UV–vis. The particle size and morphology were identified by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and XRD. Magnetization properties of nanoparticles were confirmed by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In this study, hollow copper oxide microspheres were synthesized by a simple and low cost co-precipitation reaction of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O and ammonia without catalyst, template or surfactant. The prepared CuO was characterized by XRD, FT-IR spectroscopy, DRS and SEM images. The morphology of the CuO powder consists of Hierarchical dandelion-like structures contain one-dimensional nanoribbons with the average size of 20–30nm according to SEM images. The XRD pattern showed that the synthesized CuO nanostructures have a high crystallinity with monoclinic crystal structure. The prepared CuO was applied for photodegradation of methylene blue under UV and visible light irradiation and showed good photocatalytic performance to degrade the dye (for 5mgL−1 MB solution: 97.3% degradation). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In this study, a new magnetic hybrid nanomaterials Fe3O4@SiO2@PPh3@Cr2O7 2− is introduced. First, the magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been synthesized by co-precipitation method. Then, tetraethyl orthosilicate has been used for production of core–shell nanoparticles Fe3O4@SiO2. The core–shell magnetic nanoparticles system Fe3O4@SiO2 functionalization was synthesized using (3-chloropropyl) trimethoxysilane and triphenylphosphine and the cationic part was prepared for immobilization of anionic part of the Cr (VI) catalysts including Cr2O7 2−. After immobilization of the catalyst, its structure was detected by using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), solid state UV–Vis, elemental analysis, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the particle size and morphology were elaborated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and XRD. Magnetism properties were quantified by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Aluminum alloy (AA5083) is found to demonstrate high mechanical properties, welding capability, corrosion resistance, and extremely high toughness both at room and cryogenic temperatures. In this study, we designed and proposed a photocatalytic structure composed of titanium dioxide (TiO2) layers coated on AA5083. AA substrate was employed to enhance light absorption thanks to its plasmonic effect. A chemical etching process was employed to scratch the AA5083 surface before the coating of TiO2 layers. Then the various number of TiO2 layers were deposited on the etched AA using the spin-coating method. The effect of the TiO2 layer thickness on the photocatalytic behavior was studied in the photodegradation of rhodamine B as a dye pollutant model. Photocatalytic activity of a series of TiO2(x)/AA5083 composites prepared at two different calcination temperatures of 400 and 550 °C was compared. We observed that TiO2(3)/AA, fabricated at a calcination temperature of 550 °C, with three layers of TiO2 and thickness of 19.05 µm has the highest photocatalytic performance in different concentrations of RhB (2, 5, and 10 ppm) under visible light. Moreover, this composite has nearly two times higher photocatalytic activity than that of the similar composite prepared at a calcination temperature of 400 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, Ba-Cd-Sr-Ti doped FeO nanohollow spheres were successfully prepared via a simple solvothermal method. The crystal size, structure, morphology and elemental analysis of the as-prepared sample were investigated in detail by X-ray diffraction (XRD), FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, respectively. Magnetic hysteresis measurement was carried out on a vibrant sample magnetometer (VSM) showing the soft ferromagnetic property at room temperature. The synthesized nanohollow spheres were employed as a photocatalyst to study the photocatalytic degradation of dye contaminations. The UV-Vis results showed that the specimen could well catalyze the decolorizing of congo red (CR) solution and a removal efficiency of 99.5 % was obtained at pH 6. The optical characteristic of the products was studied by estimating the band-gap energy based on diffuse-reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) which represented the doped magnetite with semiconductor metals to be more prone in the visible region as compared to UV region. Some factors such as initial dye concentration, pH, and contact time influencing the decomposition of CR were evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Hollow zinc ferrite nanosphere was synthesized by a facile solvothermal method using ultrasonic waves. The prepared nanoparticles were employed for the removal of Congo Red (CR) in the wastewater treatment. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the ferrite sample is well in agreement with the standard pattern of the cubic structure. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image reveals that the resultant ferrite is nanoporous structurally and the average sizes of spheres and holes diameter were measured at 127.3 and 20.94nm, respectively. Structure of samples before and after wastewater treatment was investigated by FT-IR spectra. The magnetic properties of the hollow nanospheres were characterized on a vibrant sample magnetometer (VSM) with maximum saturation magnetization value of 76.2emu/g. UV-visible absorption spectroscopy was used to record the adsorption behavior. The maximum adsorption capacity of magnetic hollow nanospheres (0.02g) for CR in the concentration range (1–50mg L-1) studied, as calculated from the Langmuir isotherm model at 25°C and pH 6, was found to be 16.58mg g−1. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Nanoparticles of a new potassium two-dimensional coordination polymer, {[K(μ-L)(μ-HO)]·nHO} ( 1), HL = 3-{[(4-nitrophenyl)methylen]amino}benzoic acid} were synthesized from thermal treatment of compound 1 with oleic acid at 523 K. The nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and FT-IR spectroscopy. Compound 1 was structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal structure of this compound indicates that the coordination number for the potassium ions is seven. A hydrogen bonding network and π- π stacking interactions result in more stability of compound 1 crystal packing. The thermal stability of compound 1 was studied by thermal gravimetric (TG) and differential thermal analyses (DTA). The results of stoichiometry studies and formation of compound 1 in MeCN solution were found to be in support of its solid state stoichiometry and show the 1:1 complex formation between the L and K ion in MeCN solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this project, surfactant hegzadesil three-methyl ammonium chloride was used as a structural informant or mould for synthesis of Mesoporous silicate molecular sieves. Many of the Mesoporous titanium silicates were synthesized by adding titanium compounds to the mixture, but considerable ratio of titanium centers placed in the frame are not accessible. This disadvantage was compensated by titanium butoxide as a titanous compound after being linked to the interior surfaces of host Mesoporous. The Mesoporous silicate was synthesized by, S+I- method, and then titanium was linked into the cavities. The structure of synthesized compound was characterized and studied by using XRD, XRF, TGA, SEM, IR techniques, and surface adsorption of nitrogen. The results showed the formation of meso structure with hexagonal cavities, high surface area, isomorphic cavities, spherical morphology, functional groups, and the amount of titanium input into the structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report the synthesis and optical properties of organic porphyrin nanoparticles with narrow size distribution and good dispersibility. Nanoparticles were produced by a combination of precipitation and sonication, termed the "ultrasonic method". The resulting [tetrakis(para-chlorophenyl)porphyrin]TClPP nanoparticles were stable in solution without precipitation for at least 30 days. No self aggregation of the constituent porphyrin chromophores was observed. The TClPP nanoparticles exhibited interesting optical properties, particulalrly a large bathochromic shift in the absorption spectra. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lanthanum(III) and europium(III) complexes of 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) with 5-nitroisophthalate, [La(phen)(HNip)(Nip)]n (1) and [Eu(phen)(HNip)(Nip)]n (2), have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and IR spectroscopy and studied by X-ray crystallography. The single crystal X-ray analyses show that both lanthanum(III) and europium(III) are coordinated by two nitrogens of phen and six oxygens from “Nip2-” and “HNip-”, resulting in a distorted square antiprism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Iron and manganese complexes meso-tetraphenylporpholactone, MTPPLX, and meso-tetraphenyl-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-chlorin, MTPP(OH)2X (X=Cl and (CH3COO)), are efficient catalysts for selective oxidation of sulfides with hydrogen peroxide. The effect of catalyst concentration on the conversion, selectivity and yield of products were studied. The results show that iron and manganese porpholactones and chlorins are a slightly better catalyst than TPP analogues for most sulfide substrates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

[Display omitted] • Employing disazo dyes with multiple donor and acceptor groups in DSSCs. • Modification of the TiO 2 surface to improve the cell efficiency. • Comparing the power conversion efficiency using different redox mediators. Employing organic sensitizers is potentially advantageous in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) compared with ruthenium(II) complexes since they comprise earth-abundant elements and have high molar absorption coefficients and notable structural diversity. However, the molecular engineering of organic dyes is of great interest as they can be designed to maximize light harvesting. Herein, a family of disazo dye molecules containing multiple donor and acceptor groups with two π-spacer parts (AD1-AD5) was employed as photosensitizers to fabricate novel DSSCs based on modified TiO 2 semiconductor (GNT/AD1-AD5). Modification of the TiO 2 surface was carried out with doping of nitrogen and graphene into the titanium dioxide substrate. The effect of an extended π-conjugation system and linking groups of dye molecules in photovoltaic performance has been examined. Moreover, the power conversion efficiency has been compared in the case of utilizing two different redox mediators including iodine and cobalt-based electrolytes. GNT/AD4 with triiodide/iodide electrolyte achieved the highest solar to electrical energy conversion efficiency (η = 3.82%, V OC = 0.862 V), in the series. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Synthesis of a series of SCS-type pincer complexes of nickel and palladium. • Cytotoxicity effect of complexes against estrogen-dependent and triple negative breast cancer. • Employing palladium complexes for inhibiting TNBC 4 T1 cells adhesion and migration. Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive form of breast cancer. The high rate of metastasis associated with TNBC is attributed to its multidrug resistance, making the treatment of this metastatic condition difficult. The development of metal-based antitumor agents was launched with the discovery of cisplatin, followed by the development of related antitumor drugs such as carboplatin and oxaliplatin. Yet, the severe side effects of this approach represent a limitation for its clinical use. The current search for new metal-based antitumor agents possessing less severe side effects than these platinum-based complexes has focused on various complexes of nickel and palladium, the group 10 congeners of platinum. In this work, we have prepared a series of SCS-type pincer complexes of nickel and palladium featuring a stable meta-phenylene central moiety and two chelating but labile thioamide donor moieties at the peripheries of the ligand. We have demonstrated that the complexes in question, namely L1NiCl , L1NiBr , L1PdCl , L2PdCl , and L3PdCl , are active on the proliferation of estrogen-dependent breast tumor cells (MCF-7 and MC4L2) and triple-negative breast cancer (4 T1). Among the complexes studied, the palladium derivatives were found to be much safer anticancer agents than nickel counterparts; these were thus selected for further investigations for their effects on tumor cell adhesion and migration as well. The results of our studies show that palladium complexes are effective for inhibiting TNBC 4 T1 cells adhesion and migration. Finally, the HOMO and LUMO analysis was used to determine the reactivity and charge transfer within the compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Examination of chemical stability of azo dyes in aqueous, acidic and alkaline media. • Interaction of AgNPs with bisazo dye compounds. • Screening the in vitro anti-pathogen activity of bisazo compounds. In this study, a family of bisazo dye molecules (BA1-BA5) has been investigated as versatile compounds. Influence of various linking groups in amine moiety on thermal stability and electrochemical behavior of the compounds was determined and discussed. BA1 and BA2 with aliphatic-based diamine moiety have been found to be more thermal stable than others. Besides, the chemical stability of BA1-BA5 was studied in boiling water, acid and base media. All compounds showed strong resistance toward boiling water. Moreover, BA3-BA5 containing aromatic diamine moiety were stable after treatment with 6 N HCl. This feature may make them suitable as dye media in optical recording devices. Ag nanoparticles reacted with various bisazo dye molecules in a green approach to produce AgNPs/BA1-BA5 hybrids. Ag content in each hybrid was determined using an atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS). Antimicrobial activity of bisazo compounds and their nano silver counterparts has been screened in vitro against various pathogens including Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), Salmonella typhi (S.typhi), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Aspergillus fungi. Contrary to the bisazo compounds, AgNPs/BA hybrids were effective on both Gram-positive and negative bacteria. Moreover, AgNPs/BA3 and AgNPs/BA5 were able to efficaciously inhibit the growth of Aspergillus fungus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Aluminum alloy-based composites have been prepared by a chemical etching process. • Their photocatalytic activity was examined for the removal of hazardous dye from wastewater. • The impact of porphyrin sensitizer and semiconductor's thickness on dye photodegradation has been investigated. Al5083 is an aluminium alloy with magnesium and traces of manganese and chromium. It is exceedingly resistant to attack by seawater and manufacturing chemicals. In this work, the synthesis of aluminium alloy (AA) based composites TiO 2 /Al5083 and Porphyrin/TiO 2 /Al5083 (Porphyrin = Tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (TCPP)) has been reported. We employed a chemical etching approach to activate the surface of AA. After the etching process, we successfully coated the TiO 2 substrate on the Al5083 surface. In order to investigate the role of TiO 2 thickness on photocatalytic efficiency, one, two and three layers of TiO 2 were deposited on AA surface and three composites TCPP/TiO 2(1) /Al5083, TCPP/TiO 2(2) /Al5083 and TCPP/TiO 2(3) /Al5083 were produced. We used these AA-composites as the new photocatalysts for degradation of the organic chloride Rhodamine B (RhB) under visible light irradiation. The role of porphyrin sensitizer in the photocatalytic degradation of RhB was investigated as well. The results showed that employing TCPP as a photosensitizer caused the redshift in TiO 2 /Al5083 absorption spectra reinforcing the photodegradation of RhB. Moreover, TCPP/TiO 2(3) /Al5083 composite with three-layers of TiO 2 has the highest performance with 29.19 percent of photodegradation efficiency in the visible region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ultrasound-assisted have been provided a facile novel route synthesized nanostructures of Cu 2 (BDC) 2 (BPY)-MOF compound by a sonochemical irradiation process and characterized by XRD, FT-IR, TGA, and FE-SEM analysis. Herein, we report the recognition of fluorescent Cu-based three-dimensional nanostructures MOF, [Cu 2 (bdc) 2 (bpy)], (1 ; H 2 bdc ​= ​1,4-benzenedicarboxylate; bpy ​= ​4,4ʹ-bipyridine) for greatly sensing and selective of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions in water aqueous solution. 1 displays quick exploration of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions by a reply time <1 ​min and detection limit of Cu2+ 0.005 ​μM (0.29 ​ppb) for Pb2+ 0.007 ​μM (0.4 ​ppb). Notably, the fluorescence intensity of 1 displays a properly linear relationship by Cu2+ and Pb2+ concentration in the line range of 50–250 ​μM. Moreover, the fluorescence titration experiments as an enhancement and quenching constants are computed to get 655 ​M−1 and 3912 ​M−1 with a low concentration of Cu2+ and Pb2+ions, respectively. Additionally, 1 shows excellent solvent-relative luminescent spectra by emission intensity regarding quenched direction tetrahydrofuran (THF) small molecule by a reply of time <1 ​min. As well as, the static quenching is calculated to be 11,181 ​M−1 by the fluorescence titration experiments in low concentration of THF small molecule and with a detection limit of THF to be calculated 0.0008 ​μM. This project is one of the first samples of a metal-organic framework based luminescent sensor as efficacious multipurpose fluorescence component which can utilize for selective detection of THF small molecule and Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions. Image 1 • Cu 2 (BDC) 2 (BPY) MOF was used for selective detection of THF small molecule and highly selective sensing of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions. • Cu 2 (BDC) 2 (BPY) MOF shows detection limit of 0.0008 μM for THF small molecule also 0.005 μM for Cu2+ ions and 0.007 μM for Pb2+ ions. • Cu 2 (BDC) 2 (BPY) MOF fast recognition of THF small molecule and metal ions with a response time of <1min. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • CFP nanocomposite has been synthesized and found to be a photocatalyst for the selective oxidation of primary and secondary benzylic alcohols with high conversion and selectivity. • The nanocomposite is performed as an effective photocatalyst for conversion of benzyl alcohol into benzaldehyde. • To the best of our knowledge, the CFP nanocomposite is a novel photocatalyst and it is reported in this study for the first time. This study provides a viable strategy for the production of aromatic benzaldehydes by a three-component magnetic recoverable photocatalyst. The novel photocatalyst was fabricated by modification of Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4) using ZnFe 2 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles and Tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (TCPP) and labeled as CFP where C is the carbonic substrate, F shows the magnetic component and P demonstrated TCPP porphyrin. The optimized CFP photocatalyst demonstrated approximately 96 % conversion and 99 % selectivity for the oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde. The photocatalytic reaction carried out in the presence of acetonitrile and H 2 O 2 as solvent and oxidant under LED lamp (15 W) irradiation. The results reveal that the values of conversion and selectivity of various types of benzylic alcohols are attributed to the aromaticity and position of substituents on the benzene ring. The reusability of CFP photocatalyst was investigated up to the fourth cycle, and it revealed any significant loss of photocatalytic oxidation activity, which is related to high structural stability of photocatalyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phenolic contaminants have acquired notable attention in recent years owing to their high toxicity even at low concentrations. This study reports the potential of cost‐effective activated carbon/chitosan/zero‐valent iron nanocomposite obtained from industrial waste residues on the adsorption and degradation of phenol, 2‐chlorophenol, and 2,4‐dichlorophenol from aqueous solution. The Fenton oxidation can supplement the pre‐adsorption process by altering to less hazardous compounds. The impact of initial concentration, contact time, nanocomposite dosage, pH, oxidant dosage, and temperature were monitored. The best matches among three adsorption isotherms Langmuir, Freundlich, and Harkins‐Jura were to Freundlich isotherm and the maximum adsorption capacity of phenol, 2‐chlorophenol and 2,4‐dichlorophenol reached 50.2512, 119.0476 and 114.9425 mg/g respectively. Furthermore, the activation energy, kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of Fenton‐oxidation were perused and affirmed that Fenton reactions are spontaneous with no energy barriers. The removal efficiency of phenol, 2‐chlorophenol, and 2,4‐dichlorophenol by synthesized nanocomposite was 97.7 %, 98.9 %, and 99 %, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, with meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (TCPP) as the ligand, a unique zirconium-based metal-organic framework, namely PCN-224, has been prepared and used as a fluorescent sensor for sensitive and selective recognition of cations, anions, and small organic molecules. During metal ions detection, PCN-224 displays fluorescence enhancing towards Cd2+ cation. More interestingly, this is the first report of MOF-based sensors for detecting Br− via fluorescence enhancement mechanism. Furthermore, the prepared PCN-224 can perform as fluorescence "turn-off" sensor for highly sensitive detection of THF in methanol solution. Therefore, this work presents a Zr-based MOF sensor towards the detection of Cd2+ cation, Br− anion and THF small molecule with quick response, significant sensitivity and desirable selectivity. Fluorescent PCN-224 MOF for highly selective and sensitive detection of Cd2+ cation, Br− anion and THF small molecule. Image 1 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Ni 2 (BDC) 2 (DABCO) MOF was used for highly selective detection of Fe3+ ion. • Ni 2 (BDC) 2 (DABCO) MOF was used also for selective sensing of methanol. • Ni 2 (BDC) 2 (DABCO) shows detection limit of 2.5 µM for Fe3+. • Ni 2 (BDC) 2 (DABCO) shows fast recognition of metal ions with a response time of <1 min. Nowadays, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with functional pore structures as a new type of sensing materials have attracted the increasing attention in fluorescence assays. In this research, a Ni-based MOF, [Ni 2 (BDC) 2 (DABCO)], (1 ; H 2 BDC = 1,4-benzene dicarboxylic acid, DABCO = 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane) was prepared under solvothermal condition. Studying the luminescence properties reveals that 1 showed a highly selective and sensitive sensor for detection of Fe3+ ion through luminescent quenching. The luminescence probe of Fe3+ displays a response time of <1 min, low detection limit (2.5 µM), and a broad linear range (0–200 µM). Importantly, 1 can be cycled at least four times without loss of emission signals. The presence of other ions such as 250 μM of As3+, Al3+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Co3+, Fe3+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ had no significant effect on detection of Fe3+ ion. Most interestingly, 1 exhibits a highly selective, sensitive and rapid response to MeOH which suggests that this MOF is a promising luminescence sensor material for metal ions and small organic molecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, water pollution through heavy metal ions is a major concern in all human communities. In this study, two metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which named by Cu-BTC and Zn-BTC, with benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid linker, were successfully synthesized. Characterization of these two MOFs was performed using various techniques, such as FT-IR, XRD and SEM analysis. These frameworks have special properties like rapid, efficient and selective removal of metal ions from contaminated water. The use of an ultrasonic device plays an important role in shortening the absorption time of lead(II) ions by increasing the absorbent dispersion in the solution. The adsorption capacity was affected by variables such as pH solution, Pb2+ initial concentration, adsorbent dosage and contact time. For Pb(II) metal ions the sorption capacities of 333 mg g−1 and 312 mg g−1 were obtained effectively by Cu-BTC and Zn-BTC structures, respectively. The experimental adsorption data for Cu-BTC and Zn-BTC MOFs, are well suited with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 = 0.99), and the adsorption isotherms of Pb2+ metal ions are in good agreement with the Langmuir model. This work exhibits two BTC-based MOFs to remove Pb2+ from pollutant water in <30 min effectively. Unlabelled Image • Two metal-organic frameworks Cu-BTC and Zn-BTC were synthesized • Both Cu-BTC and Zn-BTC MOFs showed the maximum absorption of Pb2+ ions at PH=5 • The absorption kinetics was followed the pseudo-second-order model • The absorption isotherm was followed by the Langmuir model [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The thermal stability and photo‐bactericidal effect of several tetra‐cationic porphyrins and their zinc ion compounds immobilized onto cellulosic fabrics against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and E. coli were investigated and compared using a 100 W tungsten lamp. Immobilization of various concentrations of these photosensitizers onto cellulosic fabrics was carried out and characterized by ATR‐FT‐IR, DRS, TGA, and SEM. Applied cellulosic fabrics with the photosensitizers exhibited remarkable photo‐stability, thermal stability, and antimicrobial activity against these studied strains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel catalyst is designed and synthesized based on immobilization of copper onto modified magnetic nanoparticles. The catalyst was characterized by several characterization techniques. The catalyst was applied for the synthesis of a novel series of heterocyclic scaffold containing a 1,4‐benzodiazepine fused with a 1,2,3‐triazole ring and a quinazolin‐11(9H)‐one skeleton. The method is based on the direct synthesis of quinazolin‐11(9H)‐one ring by the reaction of isatoic anhydride (or anthranilic acid) and propargylamine, and an aldehyde, containing a leaving group on its aromatic ring. The reaction contains an in situ sequential click reaction of azide group with terminal alkyne and subsequent N‐arylation reaction to afford the final products. The method benefits various advantages, such as regioselectivity and high yield of the products. The reusability of the catalyst was evaluated and the results showed that the catalyst is highly reusable in 10 sequential reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]