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In the present work, graphitic carbon nitride/GO/V2O5 nanocomposite was synthesized via a single stage and utilized this photocatalyst for the degradation of the pesticide Chlorpyrifos. The nanocomposite was prepared using the hydrothermal method. The crystal structure was determined using powder X-ray diffraction of ternary nanocomposite material crystallite size, phase, and defects. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and FT-IR evaluated surface morphologies and functional groups. FTIR heterocycle C–N and C=N stretching modes due to bands of 1200–1650 cm−1 During the course of the experiment, the impacts of the experimental parameters (such as pH, time, H2O2 concentration, and Catalyst Dose) on the degradation of Chlorpyrifos were investigated. The photocatalytic studies indicated that the graphitic carbon nitride/GO/V2O5 composites significantly outperformed the pure versions of g-C3N4 in photocatalytic degradation of Chlorpyrifos. The excellent photocatalytic removal efficiency of more than 88% in 120 min obtained using a graphitic carbon nitride/GO/V2O5 catalyst pointed toward a great alternative catalyst for the treatment of Chlorpyrifos and other hazardous pesticides from wastewater. By using 0.1% H2O2, the photocatalytic elimination of Chlorpyrifos was further increased from 88 to 90.5%. The g-C3N4/GO/V2O5 catalyst has outstanding recycling performance and a high level of stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current work reports the synthesis of magnesium aluminate spinel (MgAl2O4) using wet-chemical sol-gel technique at two different sintering temperatures of 900 °C and 1100 °C. The crystal structure of MgAl2O4 at both sintering temperatures was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The obtained results showed the successful formation of MgAl2O4 along with some impurity peaks of magnesium oxide. Here, the crystallite size shows the linear nature with sintering temperature. The field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) shows the spherical shape. The change in morphology with sintering temperature is also confirmed by FESEM. Optical and electronic responses were studied by Fluorescence (FL) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The FL study reveals that the prepared nanopowder tends to emit white light under the excitation wavelength of 350 nm. The intensity of emission peaks has been found to increase with sintering temperature, indicating an increase in defect states. Furthermore, using EIS data, the electrical parameters were studied in pellet form in the frequency range of 1 to 106 Hz. The Nyquist plots have been successfully explained by employing LR[Q[R(CR)]] equivalent circuit corresponding to grain, grain boundary, and electrode contribution. The examined parameters have been significantly influenced by the sintering temperature. An increase in temperature is observed to result in higher values for the dielectric constant, loss tangent, and conductivity. Additionally, the electric modulus spectra reveal non-Debye behavior in the samples. The obtained results reveal that the prepared nanopowder can be used in optoelectronic devices, high-frequency equipment, and high-storage media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synthesis of phenyl/benzothiazole functionalized C−C linked pyrazolyl‐thiazoles has been achieved from non‐lachrymatory α‐tosyloxy pyrazolylketones with different thioamides. The pyrazolyl‐thiazoles were characterized by spectroscopic studies and evaluated for antimicrobial activity and phytotoxicity. Compound 6 n displayed better activity with MIC value of 0.0045 μmol/mL against Gram‐positive bacteria B. cereus in comparison to the standard drug Ciprofloxacin (0.0047 μmol/mL). Compound 6 i displayed better activity against fungal strain C. albicans (MIC=0.0152 μmol/mL) in comparison to the standard drug Fluconazole (0.0204 μmol/mL). Compound 6 o diplayed 95 % cell viability against Mouse Fibroblast cell line and 100 % plant seed germination. Docking studies at the topoisomerase II DNA gyrase B (PDB ID: 1KZN) and C. albicans (PDB ID: 1IYL) were used to investigate potential interactions between the most active compound and the receptor protein. The stability of the compounds with 1KZN and 1IYL by molecular dynamic simulations showed that 6 r, 6 n and 6 i present leading structures for next drug development because of their simple synthesis and useful bioactivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The preparation of gadolinium aluminium garnet (GAG) doped with Cr3+ ions (Cr: GAG) was carried out using the sol–gel technique, followed by sintering at 1100 °C. X-ray diffraction characterization was performed to investigate the effects of Cr3+ doping on the GAG phase. The results revealed that Cr3+ doping induced strain in GAG, leading to a phase effect and an increase in crystallite size. Field emission scanning electron microscopy was utilized to observe the particle size, morphology, and a comparison of crystallite size with particle size. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to confirm the interaction between metal and oxygen in the lattice and assess the material's composition. UV spectroscopy and fluorescence spectra were employed to comprehensively study the optical characteristics of Cr: GAG. Chromaticity coordinates, correlated color temperature, and color rendering index were explored at 282 nm excitation. Decay curve analysis revealed that the material's lifetime increased with an increase in the Cr3+ doping concentration in GAG. Fluorescence spectra exhibited multiple peaks, indicating multicolor emission and suggesting the potential for creating efficient white light sources using Cr: GAG. Overall, these findings highlight the potential of Cr3+ doping in GAG for tuning the optical properties and creating novel light-emitting energy- efficient materials with promising applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pure MgAl2O4 and a series of Dysprosium (Dy3+) doping in MgAl2O4 nanoparticles has synthesized using wet chemical sol‐gel method and prepared samples were sintered at 1100 °C. X‐ray diffraction analysis confirms the cubic phase of MgAl2O4 spinel without any impurity in phase even with different doping concentrations of Dy3+ (0.2–1.8 mol %). Under ultraviolet irradiation (283 nm) the fluorescence spectrum of pure MgAl2O4 shows maximum emission in the green‐yellow region. On Dy3+ doping in MgAl2O4, broad emission spectra have been observed due to energy transition that takes place between the host and dopant. To explore the nanophosphor for white light, chromaticity coordinates (CIE), color temperature (CCT), color rendering index (CRI) and color purity were analyzed and at 1.4 mol % doping concentration of Dy3+ in MgAl2O4 got best results i. e. CIE co‐ordinates (0.3326, 0.3334), CCT (5487), CRI (95) and minimum value of color purity (0.20 %). It is observed that emission shifts from yellow‐green to nearly white light emission as the doping is incorporated into the host. It is found that the prepared nanophosphors are energy efficient white light material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study provides an organized review of studies related to the influence of the home environment, aggression, and personality on an adult's well-being. An adult's behavior is affected by many factors: home environment, family system, working parents or not, personality development, early stages of life of a child, parent's aggression towards adult, etc. The main motto of the study is to provide a systematic review of the relationship between home environment, personality, and aggression on an adult's well-being for further studies. Studies have shown that a supportive and nurturing home environment contributes to positive psychological outcomes in adulthood. On the other hand, exposure to aggression and negative family dynamics can have detrimental effects on an individual's well-being, leading to increased stress levels and decreased mental health. Moreover, the study also delves into the role of personality traits in shaping an adult's response to the home environment and how it interacts with the experience of aggression. By examining these interconnected factors, researchers hope to provide insights that can inform interventions and strategies aimed at promoting healthier and more fulfilling lives for adults in various contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study provides a systematic review of studies related to the influence of equality in gender on women's psychology. An approach known as feminine psychology, often known as the psychology of women, focuses on the political, social, and economic problems that females deal with all of their lives. Sigmund Freud's idea of female sexuality, one of the most influential developmental theories dominated by men, wasthe source of its opposition. This means that a women's psychology is affected by various factors. The main motto of this article is to offer a systematic review of the relationship between gender equality and women's psychology. In recent years, a growing body of research has highlighted the importance of societal factors in shaping women's psychological experiences. Cultural norms, stereotypes, and gender roles play significant roles in influencing how women perceive themselves and navigate their social environments. Additionally, the study explores the impact of gender equality initiatives on women'swell-being andmental health outcomes.By examining the existing literature, thisreviewaimsto shed light on thepotential benefits of achieving gender equality in fostering positive psychological development among women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of twenty 2‐(2‐((1‐aryl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)methoxy)phenyl) benzoxazoles were synthesized from different aryl azides by copper catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition reaction in 78–88 % yield. The structure of products was elucidated using spectroscopic techniques. These compounds were tested for cytotoxicity against five cancer cell lines [MCF‐7 (Breast), HT‐29 (Colon), Hep‐G2 (Liver), A549 (Lung) and PC‐3 (Prostate)] using the standard drug Adriamycin. It was found that 2‐(2‐((1‐(3,4‐dichlorophenyl)‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)methoxy)phenyl)benzoxazole (6 g) was active against all the above cancer cell lines with good activity against PC‐3 cancer cell line (GI50 value 60 μM) comparative to Adriamycin (GI50 value 0.3 μM). Compound 6 g also displayed significant antioxidant activity (IC50 value 4.56 μM) as compared to standard ascorbic acid (IC50 value 9.10 μM). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent industrial and technical developments continuously result in the release of dangerous and toxic gases that have adverse effects on human life and the environment. Metal oxide nanomaterials attract attention for extremely sensitive gas sensors owing to their high surface-to-volume ratio, thermal stability, availability, and simplicity of production. Currently, p-type NiO based gas sensors are very promising, due to their outstanding repeatability, high sensitivity, low cost, and environmentally friendly characteristics. In this work, NiO prepared by low-cost hydrothermal method and its gas sensing behavior towards NO 2 gas has been studied in detail. The as-prepared structure of NiO has been analyzed by using various characterization techniques like XRD, FESEM, FTIR, BET and UV–visible absorption for the study of structural, morphological and optical properties. The NiO thin film deposited on a glass substrate was analyzed under varying concentrations of NO 2 at different working temperatures (100–250 °C). The sensor demonstrated a remarkable sensitivity of 45 % to 10 ppm of NO 2 at low operating temperature of 200 °C. Moreover, its consistent repeatability further underscores its reliability, emphasizing its suitability for accurate and dependable NO 2 detection in diverse scenarios. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synthesis of a number of highly oxygenated furo[3,2‐c]pyran/chromen‐4‐one has been accomplished by one‐pot reaction from easily available dehydroacetic acid/3‐acetyl‐4‐hydroxycoumarin or their chalcones and α‐bromoketones. All the synthesized molecules were characterized utilizing various spectroscopic techniques and screened for anticancer activity (in vitro) against three colon (HCT‐116, SW‐620, HT‐24), lung (A‐549), prostate‐(PC‐3), breast (MCF‐7) cell lines. Compounds 5a, 9d, 9f showed good activity against breast MCF‐7 cancer cell line having IC50 values 6.9, 2.8, 5.3 μM, respectively. Of these compounds, 9d showed better activity against prostate PC‐3 cell line with IC50 value 3.8 μM. The synthesized compounds were also studied for antibacterial activity (in vitro) using different strains of bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus – Gram‐positive and Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa – Gram negative) as well as fungal strains (Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans) using Norfloxacin and Fluconazole as antibacterial and antifungal standard drugs, respectively. The antimicrobial screening study showed that compound 9f exhibited promising activity against S. aureus and B. subtilis, while 5h showed excellent and 5i and 9b showed better activity against E. coli. Compounds 5d and 5e showed promising activity against P. aeruginosa. The compounds 5c–5e displayed excellent activity against C. albicans and A. niger than Fluconazole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of new quinoline pyrazolyl‐chalcone hybrids (4 a–4 s) was obtained from 4‐acetyl‐5‐methylquinolylpyrazole and aromatic aldehydes and the structure of these hybrids were established with the help of FTIR, 1D NMR (1H and 13C), 2D NMR and HRMS data. The anticancer potential of selected quinoline pyrazolyl‐chalcone hybrids was evaluated against colon cancer (HT‐29, HCT‐116), lung cancer (A549), and prostate cancer (PC‐3) cell lines. (E)‐1‐(5‐Methyl‐1‐(4‐methylquinolin‐2‐yl)‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)‐3‐(2,4,6‐trimethoxyphenyl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐one (4 j) displayed good cytotoxicity with IC50 values of 5.4, 3.2 and 2.8 μM against HT‐29, A549, and PC‐3 cancer cell lines, respectively. The antimicrobial potential of quinoline pyrazolyl‐chalcone hybrids was tested against three bacterial strains (B. subtilis, S. aureus and E. coli) and two fungal strains (A. niger and C. albicans). (E)‐1‐(5‐Methyl‐1‐(4‐methylquinolin‐2‐yl)‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)‐3‐(3‐nitrophenyl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐one (4 r) exhibited significant activity against Gram positive bacteria (B. subtilis and S. aureus) and fungal strains with MIC value of 15.6 μM. Molecular docking analysis was conducted to determine the binding interactions of quinoline pyrazolyl‐chalcone hybrids with their respective biochemical targets viz. Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase (EGFR), Thymidylate kinase (TMK) and C. albicans N‐myristoyltransferase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • By varying temperatures in the hydrothermal process of MoS 2 , the morphology of synthesized material can be varied, like nano-flower, nano-sheet etc. • The unique properties of MoS 2 , coupled with its tunable band gap, open new avenues for advancement in technology, s could be used in Li-ion battery electrode materials, super-solid lubricants, gas sensing applications, and HER activity. Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have been explored in various domains of science and technology in the past few years. Among the numerous transition metal dichalcogenides, MoS 2 has sparked the interest of researchers owing to its peculiar, layered structure and associated intriguing optical and electrical properties which can be utilized in diverse applications including catalysts, gas sensing, energy storage, hydrogen storage etc. In recent work, the hydrothermal approach is employed to make two distinct morphologies of MoS 2 , namely Nano-sheets and Nano-flowers, by utilizing ammonium molybdate as a precursor. Herein, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV–Visible techniques were utilized to validate the crystallographic structure, morphology, chemical composition, and band gap value of as-synthesized samples. The MoS 2 synthesized nanostructures showed a good response for 100 ppm NO 2 gas at 100 °C. The synthesized flower-based sensor showed a 24.03 % response and the sheet-based sensor showed a 15.64 % response value for 100 ppm NO2 gas at 100 °C. The versatile morphology of MoS 2 , coupled with its tunable band gap, open new avenues in the field of gas sensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of furo[3,2‐c]pyrones and furo[3,2‐c]coumarins agents were efficiently synthesized and structure recognizable proof was performed by FTIR and NMR. The furo[3,2‐c]pyrones and furo[3,2‐c]coumarins were evaluated against three bacterial strains (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) and two parasitic strains (Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans). The antimicrobial results demonstrated that a couple of compounds showed noteworthy outcomes relating to the standard medications. Compounds 6 b and 9 f indicated great action against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis with MIC value 0.0108 μmol/ml and 0.0120 μmol/ml, respectively. Compound 9 f also showed better activity against fungal strains with MIC value 0.0120 μmol/ml. Based on the outcomes of antimicrobial activities, docking study was performed to know the binding interface of furo[3,2‐c]pyrones and furo[3,2‐c]coumarins with DNA gyrase topoisomerase II. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ZnO nanophosphor co-doped with Ce, Eu and Tb [Zn1−x–y–z O:CexEuyTbz (x, y and z = 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mol.%)] was prepared by the co-precipitation method followed by sintering in the air at 700 °C. The powder XRD spectrum could be indexed using the JCPDC File No. 36-1451 implying that the doping levels investigated in the present study did not change the basic wurtzite crystal structure of the ZnO. The absence of any independent phases of the Ce, Eu and Tb confirmed the incorporation of these dopants in the ZnO lattice. The dopants could enter the ZnO lattice interstitially or/and substitutional. The substitutional incorporation could result in the development of strain in the unit cell as the radii of all the dopants are greater than Zn. This strain could be responsible for the observed shift in the peak positions of diffraction peaks; the observed shift was ~ 0.20° (towards the lower side) for the diffraction peak with (hkl) value (101) for ZnO doped with 0.5 mol.% Ce, Eu and Tb. On the other hand, interstitial substitution could result in the creation of the defects like vacancies. These defects could create the inter-band defect states which could emit in the visible region (400–700 nm).Emission in the visible region was observed when excited with the 280,300 and 380 nm radiation from a Xe lamp; the 280 and 300 nm excitations resulted in broad emission centered around ~ 510 nm while relatively sharp emission peaks were observed with 380 nm radiation; the emission intensity was found to be dependent on the dopant concentration. The chromaticity color coordinates (x and y) of the observed broad emission were calculated using the data from the emission spectrum. The best calculated values were: x = 0.33 and y = 0.34 for ZnO co-doped with Ce 0.5, Eu 0.1 and Tb 0.1 mol.%; these "x and y" values being very close to those of the "sunlight at noon" (x = 0.33 and y = 0.33), indicate the potential of this material for the realization of the white light sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanopowder samples of terbium aluminum garnet (TAG) doped with Ce and Eu were prepared by a sol–gel technique followed by sintering in air at various temperatures (maximum of 1100°C). The investigated concentrations of both the dopants were 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mol%. Nine powder samples prepared by the permutation of the doping concentrations were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and optical spectroscopic techniques. SEM and TEM investigations confirmed the nano-structure of the prepared powders while EDX not only confirmed the doping of Ce and Eu in TAG but also eliminated the possibility of any interfering impurities. Powder XRD showed that the basic structure of TAG did not change on doping which was further confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared studies. However, optical absorption and Raman scattering investigations showed the distortion of the TAG lattice on doping. Emission (photoluminescence) in the spectral region of 400–700 nm was observed when excited by 280 nm radiation. The intensity of this emission showed interesting dopant concentration dependence. The emission from TAG co-doped with 0.5 mol% of both Ce and Eu is of particular interest as its calculated colour chromaticity coordinates 'x and y' were found as x = 0.35 and y = 0.35 which are very close to that of sun light at noon indicating its potential as a material for the white light source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Pure and modified CaCu 3 Ti 4 O 12 with nominal compositions Ca 0.95 La 0.05 Cu 3-x Zn x Ti 4 O 12 (x = 0.01, 0.025, 0.05, 0.10) were synthesized using conventional solid state reaction route. The preliminary pure phase formation of all prepared CaCu 3 Ti 4 O 12 compositions was confirmed by X-ray diffraction data and further analyzed by Rietveld refinement method. The grain size was found to be remarkably decreased from 15 µm to 3–4 µm on Zn2+ substitution in CCTO lattice. Dielectric spectra shows the presence of two relaxation processes corresponds to grain boundaries and grains in low and high frequency regions. The grain relaxation is more predominating over GBs relaxation process and found to be merged together for Zn rich compositions. The frequency response of ε' for doped compositions were found to be different from pure CaCu 3 Ti 4 O 12. The dielectric permittivity (ε') values are significantly decreased for doped compositions, but Zn rich (5–10%) compositions still exhibit high ε' (~ 8102) and low dielectric loss (tan δ ≤ 0.10) over a wide range of frequency (102–106 Hz). Impedance measurement revealed that grain resistance enhanced with enhancement in Zn content to CaCu 3 Ti 4 O 12 lattice and approached to grain boundary resistances. The overlapping of grain and grain boundary relaxation processes for Zn rich compositions attributed to the similar relaxation times of both contributions and indentified by Modulus analysis. Both formalism suggested that the electrical microstructure destroyed the Internal barrier layer capacitor (IBLC) formation that produces high dielectric permittivity in CaCu 3 Ti 4 O 12 ceramic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract In the present work, the most pristine as well as strontium (Sr) and zinc (Zn) modified Calcium copper titanate ceramics having formula Ca 0.95 Sr 0.05 Cu 3 Ti 4-x Zn x O 12 (x = 0.01, 0.025, 0.05 & 0.10) were synthesized by the solid state reaction method. X-ray diffraction pattern and Raman analysis confirmed the single phase formation of the samples. Detailed structural information was carried out by Rietveld refinement, analysis of X-ray data. Microstructure investigation revealed that the grain development of the doped ceramics was controlled by dopant (Zn) ions due to solute drag effect. Impedance spectroscopy was used to investigate the contribution of grains, grain boundaries and electrode interface effect to the dielectric response. Dielectric parameters observed to be improved for higher Zn/Sr ratio in studied compositions. The Ca 0.95 Sr 0.05 Cu 3 Ti 3.90 Zn 0.10 O 12 ceramic composition shows a colossal dielectric permittivity of ∼37,788 and loss ∼0.049, which are stable within a broad frequency region. Reduced tanδ over a broad range of frequency was well ascribed to the highly insulating grain boundaries. The giant dielectric properties of the system were found to be in accordance with Internal Barrier Layer Capacitance (IBLC) model and correlated to their electrically heterogeneous structure. Graphical abstract Image 1 Highlights • Single phased Ca 0. 95 Sr 0. 05 Cu 3 Ti 4-x Zn x O 12 (x = 0.01, 0.025, 0.05 & 0.10) ceramics synthesized using solid state reaction. • Crystal structure and microstructure of all ceramic samples have been characterized by using XRD, Raman spectroscopy and SEM. • Grain resistance decreases and grain boundary resistance increases with increase in Zn content in CCTO matrix. • Correlation between the heterogenous structure and IBLC effect is established to understand the giant dielectric response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, Sr and Zn co-doped calcium copper titanate having nominal formula Ca 0.90 Sr 0.10 Cu 3 Ti 3.95 Zn 0.05 O 12 has been synthesized and systematically studied for structure, dielectric and electrical properties. The phase purity of the prepared composition has been confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern and various structural parameters are presented here with Rietveld refinement data. The Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image revealed the presence of homogeneous fine-grained microstructure investigated in the prepared ceramic. The impedance data well fitted with 2 R-CPE model confirmed the non-ideality of the system. Dielectric studies have shown the existence of two relaxation processes in low and high frequency domains. Low frequency dielectric response proposed as a combination of Maxwell-Wagner relaxation and intrinsic defect (V o ++ ) while high frequency behavior has been interpreted in terms of polaronic relaxation caused by hopping process of an electron between Ti 3+ and Ti 4+ states. The frequency dependent behavior of conductivity has been well fitted to Dong’s model and interpreted in term of Overlapping Large Polaron Tunneling (OLPT) mechanism. The various parameters; relaxation angular frequency (ω 1 ) of Debye process, ionic hopping frequency (ω 2) , dc conductivity (σ o ), cole- cole parameter (α) and frequency exponent (s) have been determined by Dong’s Model fitting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs) are sort of custom-made material that can recognize the compounds selectively. Due to its unique qualities such as low cost, resilience and high selectivity, MIPs have sparked tremendous research interest in Photocatalysis, Extraction and sensing applications. The MIPs were developed using [6]-gingerol as template molecule Itaconic acid as monomer, EGDMA as crosslinker and the reaction was proceeded through Exsitu polymerization method using AIBN as initiator to prepare MIPs. The CdS Quantum Dots (QDs) was also employed in the synthesis to develop MIPs hybrid nanocomposite. The physicochemical properties of the MIPs polymer nano catalyst were investigated using a variety of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. XRD, FESEM, were employed to analyze crystalline size and morphology of synthesized QDs and MIPs hybrid composite and the size of the QDs was found to be 6 nm. Thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimeter were used to study thermal properties of the composite. Electrochemical study was also performed by using cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy. The energetic features of hybrid organic inorganic composites of CdS with Molecular imprinted polymers based on gingerol extract is presented using a DFT approach. Results demonstrate that the addition of MIPs contribute to stabilization of occupied states at Valence band which may enhance the photocatalytic properties by stabilization of freshly formed exciton due to light excitation. The composite was employed to investigate the photodegradation of imidacloprid and Buprofezin under visible light source and the highest degradation efficiency was found to be 84%(Imidacloprid) and 80%(Buprofezin) with varying amount of catalyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of the current research was to develop CuO-ZnO heterojunction capable of detecting NO2 gas at room temperature. Pure CuO and CuO-ZnO composite samples were developed by changing the weight percentage of CuO and ZnO using a simple precipitation method and nominated as CZ0, CZ1, CZ2 and CZ3. Structural, optical and morphological properties of pristine CuO and heterojunctions were studied using XRD, FE-SEM, BET, XPS, FTIR and PL. Investigation of gas sensing properties revealed that the CZ2 sample (20 wt% ZnO) exhibited maximum response of 36.7% to 100 ppm of NO2 gas at room temperature. The mechanism behind the response of pristine material and CuO-ZnO was explained in detail. The development of p-n heterojunction due to the combination of p-type CuO and n-type ZnO was responsible for the increase in the gas detecting capabilities of the synthesized composite material for detecting NO2 gas at ambient temperature. Hence, the proposed approach focuses on the design of a cost-effective and sensitive gas sensor that can sense NO2 gas even at room temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The unique dielectric properties of CaCu3Ti4O12(CCTO) are a promising feature for capacitor applications. Polycrystalline Ca0.95Nd0.05Cu3Ti3.95Zr0.05O12ceramic was synthesized via conventional solid state method. XRD and Rietveld studies confirmed that crystal structure is cubic with space group Im3. Microstructural study by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) suggests that the compound has some abnormal grains embedded with small grains depict inhomogeneous microstructure. The dielectric properties were analyzed in frequency range from 100 Hz to 5 MHz at different temperatures. A giant dielectric constant (∼19,426) with minimal loss tangent (∼0.067 at 1 KHz) at room temperature is achieved in studied composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compared with other people, elderly adult people show age-related sleep pattern changes and suffered from sleep disorders. Numerous etiologies factors leads to insomnia in the elderly, consistent observation of elderly people are probable to have several critical conditions in sleeping pattern due to physical, psychological changes. Poor sleeps and disorders in sleep results in increased risk of morbidity and bereavement in elderly. Disorders seen in the sleep of the elderly adult are often due to a decrease in the ability to get needed sleep. Treatment of sleep problems and disorders can improve the quality of life and daytime functioning of adults. This paper reviews the sleep disorders generally found in the adult. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gd 3 Al 5 O 12 (GdAG) doped with Eu (Gd 1-x AG: Eu x) was synthesized by using sol gel method with the doping concentration of Eu as 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mol%. The prepared material was sintered at 1100 °C.GdAG was doped with to check its utility as material for the white light emission. The synthesized material was characterized by using XRD, FT-IR and Fluorescence spectroscopy. XRD analysis revealed that crystal phase remained same and there was no change in the crystallite size on doping. XRD results were supported by FTIR spectra. The formation of metal oxygen bonds were confirmed by multiple absorption peaks in the range 400–740 cm−1 in FT-IR spectrum. Florescence spectra show the broad emissions in the visible region showing Eu doped GdAG as a good alternative phosphor for white light source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L-alanine possesses extensive physiological functionality and tremendous pharmacological significance, therefore could be considered as potential ingredient for food, pharmaceutical, and personal care products. However, therapeutic properties of L-alanine still need to be addressed in detail to further strengthen its utilization as a viable ingredient for developing natural therapeutics with minimum side effects. Thus, the present study was aimed to explore the anticipated therapeutic potential of L-alanine, produced microbially using a lactic acid bacterial strain Pediococcus acidilactici BD16 (alaD+) expressing L-alanine dehydrogenase enzyme. The anticipated therapeutic potential of L-alanine was assessed in terms of anti-proliferative, anti-bacterial, and anti-urolithiatic properties. Anti-bacterial assays revealed that L-alanine successfully inhibited growth and in vitro proliferation of important human pathogens including Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, and Vibrio cholerae in a concentration-dependent manner. Current investigation has also revealed its significant anti-proliferative potential against human lung adenocarcinoma (A549; IC50 7.32 μM) and mammary gland adenocarcinoma (MCF-7; IC50 8.81 μM) cells. The anti-urolithiatic potential of L-alanine was augmented over three different phases, viz., nucleation inhibition, aggregation inhibition, and oxalate depletion. Further, an in vitro cell culture–based kidney stone dissolution model using HEK293-T cells was also established to further strengthen its anti-urolithiatic potential. This is probably the first in vitro cell culture–based model which experimentally validates the immense therapeutic efficacy of L-alanine in treating urolithiasis disease. Key points: • Assessment of therapeutic potential of L-alanine produced by LAB. • L-alanine exhibited significant anti-proliferative and anti-bacterial activities. • L-alanine as potential anti-urolithiatic agent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ZnO nanophosphor was synthesized by low temperature co-precipitation technique; the precipitation thus obtained was sintered in air (700 °C maximum) using a temperature controlled (±1 °C) muffle furnace. Powder XRD spectra of the samples could be indexed using JCPDC file No. 36-1451 confirming the hexagonal wurtzite phase while absorption ˜430cm−1 in FTIR spectrum indicated the formation of the Zn-O bonds. SEM images confirmed the nanostructure nature of the sample while optical band gap calculated from optical absorption data was found out to be equal to 3.07 eV. Characteristic Raman shifts of ZnO at 381,439 and 1145 cm-1 were observed when excited with 514.5 nm laser radiation while photoluminescence was investigated using 280,300,325,345, 380 and 460 nm radiations from a Xe lamp. 280 and 300 nm excitation resulted in broad emission centered around 510 nm;the dominance of blue component in this emission was shown by calculating the chromaticity color coordinates, x and y, using CIE 1931 color space analysis. On the other hand, sharp decrease in the intensity of the visible emission was observed with 325 and 345 nm excitation while relatively sharp emission peaks at 424,445,487 and 519 nm were observed with 380 nm excitation; 460 nm excitation resulted in emission around 628 nm. All this emission is attributed to the defect states present in the band gap of ZnO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Twenty-four 2′-aryl-2,5′-bibenzoxazoles (8a-8x) were synthesized in excellent yield. • The structure was established through FTIR, NMR, MS and by X-Ray crystallography. • Cytotoxicity against HeLa and HepG2 cancer cell lines was screened. • Compounds 8p, 8k and 8t displayed IC 50 values 4.787, 9.611 & 10.68 µM against HeLa. A library of twenty-four 2′-aryl-2,5′-bibenzoxazoles (8a-8x) has been synthesized from 2-arylbenzoxazole-5-carboxylic acids (6a-6d) which in turn are obtained by hydrolysis of methyl 2-arylbenzoxazole-5-carboxylates (5a-5d) in excellent yields. These carboxylates (5a-5d) are prepared form methyl 3-amino-4-hydroxybenzoate (3) and readily available various benzoic acids. The bibenzoxazoles (8a-8x) are characterised using NMR, FT-IR and HRMS techniques and the structure of 8h was established by X-ray crystallography. All the synthesized compounds (8a-8x) were screened for cytotoxicity (in vitro) against cervical cancer (HeLa) and hepato-carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines and non-cancerous (HEK293) cell line. Compounds, 8p, 8k and 8t shows good activity against HeLa cancer lines having the IC 50 values 4.787, 9.611 and 10.68 µM, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study was conducted to find out scale of production, compositional, physico-chemical and sensorial qualities of rasmalai in Hisar city, Haryana. The results revealed that 70% respondent procured milk from vendors, used buffalo milk for sweetened condensed milk (SCM) and cow milk for chhana patties making. Survey further revealed variation in the quality evaluation, milk used per batch, source of heating method and shelf life of the product. The composition of market samples for fat, protein, total carbohydrates, total solids and ash varied between 9.2 to 10.97, 9.63 to 11.3, 16.8 to 18.82, 38.54 to 40.30, 1.26 to 1.31 per cent, respectively, in chhana patties and between 6.46 to 7.55, 6.47 to 7.25,17.78 to 19.60,33.01 to 34.92 and 1.08 to 1.28, respectively, in SCM. The acidity and pH of the chhana patties samples varied between 0.30 to 0.47 and 6.44 to 6.60, respectively, while in SCM part varied from 0.32 to 0.45 and 6.33 to 6.48, respectively. Coliform and yeast and mould count were varied between 4 to 18 and 4 to 13, respectively, and overall sensory score of market samples ranged from 7.03 to 7.67. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

B Correction to b B : b B Applied microbiology and biotechnology (2022) 106:1435-1446 b https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-022-11766-9 In the published version, the affiliation link of the author Harish Chander is incorrect. Harish Chander SP 2,5 sp Publisher's note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Harish Chander should be affiliated to affiliations 2 and 5 as shown below. [Extracted from the article]

Abstract: The use of low-cost, potential, locally available and eco-friendly adsorbents has been investigated as an ideal alternative to the current expensive methods of removing dyes from wastewater. Sequential Plackett–Burman design (PBD) model was used to screen out the most significant factors and Box–Behnken design (BBD) to study the combined effects of interaction between the variables selected by PBD. Second-order polynomial regression model was applied which was statistically validated using analysis of variance. Maximum decolorization 96.25% obtained at pH 6.88, dye concentration 188.01mg/L and adsorbent dose 0.49g (dead yeast cells) after 60min. Kinetic studies showed that the adsorption follows pseudo-second order kinetics and maximum 61% desorption obtained. Negative values of Gibbs free energy change (ΔG°) showed that the adsorption was feasible and spontaneous and negative values of enthalpy change (ΔH°) confirmed exothermic adsorption. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Mn doped barium zirconate titanate lead free ceramic with formula BaZr .045 (Mn x Ti 1-x ) .955 O 3 for x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.02 and 0.03 has been prepared by solid-state reaction method. The single phase tetragonal structure was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern using Rietveld refinement. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows an inhomogeneous distribution of randomly oriented grains with some voids. Electrical conductivity of Mn doped BZT ceramics was studied using impedance analyzer in the temperature range 493K–673K over wide frequency window. The dispersion behaviour in electrical conductivity obeys Jonscher's double power law for Mn free compound, while it follows single power law for Mn doped compositions. Various parameters viz. dc conductivity (σ dc ), pre-exponential factor (A), frequency exponent (s) and activation energy (E a ) have been estimated by the theoretical fitting of experimental data. The reciprocal temperature dependence of dc conductivity follows the Arrhenius law and specifies thermally activated conduction mechanism. The obtained value of activation energy (E a ) evidences the conduction mechanism is induced by the migration of oxygen vacancies and oxide ions. All samples shows Negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTCR) and hence exhibit semiconducting behaviour. The environmental friendly lead free ceramic can be exploit to design advanced materials and suitable for the fuel cell electrolyte/electrode applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lead free Mn doped barium zirconium titanate ceramic of composition BaZr 0.045 (Mn x Ti 1-x ) 0.955 O 3 (x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.02) were prepared by solid state reaction method. Tetragonal perovskite structure was confirmed by Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction pattern. Analysis of Scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs revealed that addition of Mn up to a certain limit accelerates grain growth of BZT ceramic. Static dielectric constant was successfully extended up to high frequencies with an appreciable decrease in dielectric loss about 70% for Mn doped BZT ceramics. The experimental data fitted with Curie Weiss Law and Power Law confirmed first order transition and diffusive behavior of the investigated system. The shifting of Curie temperature (T c ) from 387 K to 402 K indicated tendency for sustained ferroelectricity in doped BZMT ceramics. High value of percentage temperature coefficient of capacitance TCC >10% near T c was observed for all the compositions and increases with Mn content in pure BZT. At room temperature, BZT modified ceramic corresponding to x = 0.01 composition shows better values of remnant polarization (P r  = 5.718 μC/cm 2 ), saturation polarization (P s  = 14.410 μC/cm 2 ), low coercive field (E c  = 0.612 kV/cm), and highest value of P r /P s  = 0.396. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present work the electrical properties of polycrystalline 0.9(Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 TiO 3 )–0.1(BiFeO 3 ) and Bi 0.8 M 0.2 FeO 3 -modified Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 TiO 3 , (where M = Ca, Sr, and Ba) lead-free ceramics were investigated through impedance spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction analyses indicate the incorporation of alkaline earth metal ions at A-site of perovskite type ceramics revealing the conservation of crystal structure (rhombohedral structure with R3c space group) in the synthesized compositions. The substitution of alkaline earth metal ions at the A-site in perovskite-structured ceramics led to an enlargement of unit cell. The appearance of depressed semicircle arcs in Nyquist plots suggests non-Debye nature of relaxation occurring in studied samples. An equivalent circuit model comprising of parallel combination of resistance and constant phase element was used for the simulation of Nyquist plots. The mismatching of peaks in the combined spectroscopic plots of Z ″ and M ″ versus frequency also confirms the occurrence of non-Debye relaxation in BBFO sample. The ac conductivity studies show that the conduction mechanism changes from correlated barrier hopping model (CBH) to overlapping large polaron tunneling, when alkaline metal ions are substituted in place of Bi 3+ ions. Activation energy values calculated from conductivity data suggest the presence of oxygen vacancies. The dielectric, impedance and conductivity behaviors are significantly influenced by the distortion of Ti/Fe O 6 octahedron. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The sorption of heavy metals ions by immobilized Trichoderma viride biomass in a packed-bed column was studied. Fungal biomass T. viride was immobilized to Ca-alginate used for removal of Cr(VI), Ni(II) and Zn(II) ions from synthetic solutions and electroplating effluent. The experiments were conducted to study the effect of important design parameters such as bed height, flow rate and initial concentration of metal ions. The maximum sorption capacity was observed at flow rate 5ml/min, bed height 20cm and metal ions concentration 50mg/L with immobilized biomass. Whereas, breakthrough time and saturation time decreased with increase flow rate and metal ions concentration and an inverse condition was found in bed height. The bed depth service time (BDST) Adams–Bohart model was used to analyze the experimental data. The regeneration efficiency was observed 40.1%, 75% and 53% for Cr(VI), Ni(II) and Zn(II) without any significant alteration in sorption capacity after 5th sorption–desorption cycles. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In the present investigation, a fresh water green algae spirogyra spp. was used as an inexpensive and efficient biosorbent for Cr(III) removal from aqueous solution. The algal biomass was treated with 0.1M NaOH, 0.2M CaCl2 and 5% HCHO. The biosorption efficiency was compared with untreated biomass. The effects of various physico-chemical parameters were studied, e.g. pH 3.0–6.0, initial metal ions concentration 20–150mgL−1, algal dose 1.0–3.0gL−1, and contact time 15–180min, respectively. Biosorption of Cr(III) is highly pH dependent. Maximum 81.02% adsorption of Cr(III) was observed with 0.2M CaCl2 treated biomass at pH 5.0. Removal of Cr(III) was more than 70% in 45min of contact time with different treated and untreated algal biomass at concentration 30mgL−1. Maximum metal uptake (Q max) was observed as 30.21mgg−1 with 0.2M CaCl2 treated algal biomass indicate good biosorbents than other treated and untreated biomass. The high values of correlation coefficient (r 2 <0.90) indicate equilibrium data of treated and untreated form of algal biomass well fitted in Freundlich than Langmuir isotherms model equations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]