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Objective: Identify and characterize the trends in research on internships in order to contribute to the academic debate regarding relevant and current problems associated with their development and as a strategy for labor market insertion. Method: The following article presents a systematic review of descriptive scope where we searched for publications between 2000 and 2020, related to the subject of professional practices, in the databases Redalyc, Scielo and Dialnet. Initially, of the total of 308 studies obtained, 64 empirical articles, systematized and approached from the thematic analysis, were filtered for their pertinence and relevance. Results: The following topics were found to be the most recurrent: competencies (21 %) and professional training (11 %), followed by identity (5 %), perception (5 %), university-business linkage (5 %), meanings (3 %), experiences, employability (2 %), contexts (2 %), representations (5 %), working conditions (2 %), mental health (2 %), precariousness (2 %), and finally, less frequently, collective memory (1 %), curriculum (1 %), bioethics (1 %), grouped in 4 tendencies. Regarding methodological designs, quantitative designs (45 %) were found to be more applicable, followed by qualitative (39 %) and mixed (16 %). Conclusions: The identification, characterization, and analysis of what has been researched on the subject of internships, allowed the recognition of the trends that have emerged in the studies, the recognition of the questions on the relationship between formation and professional application, as a future research approach for Organizational and Work Psychology, in a context of transformations in the world of work and its impact on the internship as a mechanism of labor insertion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article sought to analyze the way in which specialized publications address studies and what are the themes associated with the study of the meanings and senses of work in young people. A systematic review was carried out from 2000 to 2018. To identify the general characteristics of the production, descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used. The search showed that scientific production on the subject has increased, articles on work modalities, first work experiences, identity, job placement, education, mental abilities, job profiles and job search prevail. Changes in the world of work generate the need to study the meanings and senses about this activity in young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an outlook to the ways as part of the literature, which belong to the psychological perspective, considers entrepreneurship, concepts, notions, theories and methods used for its study. Content analysis as a research technique is used. Three approach tendencies -personal attributes, person-context interaction and career- and a tendency toward positivism as a way of knowledge production were found. Entrepreneurship could be a re-institutionalization of self-employment and an option facing unemployment within the framework of contemporary changes of work field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The review of specialized publications on employability and work of university professors is presented. The socio-economic and political, educational, organizational and individual dimensions are considered. Each one compiles aspects that affect the relationship of university professors with their work, as well as approaches to employability, development strategies, and actors involved. Based on this, a multidimensional, dynamic and situational approach of the phenomenon, involving different social actors, is presented. This approach recognizes the influence of structural and individual aspects that include agency and reflexivity. It concludes by compiling some aspects treated and highlighting critical positions and paradoxes that could indicate areas of work for the later investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents some reflections on the 'employability' construct, based on the "Empregabilidade: Versões e implicações. Uma leitura desde a Psicologia Social" research project. Its history is presented first as an instrumental notion implying several meanings, all oriented towards holding people responsible for entering, staying at or leaving jobs. This reflection includes, beyond individualization, questions about visible or invisible actors involved in labor markets and in the definition of its criteria and rules. Interfaces with the academic world and formation devices are also discussed, as well as demands for Human Resources personnel and practices. Finally, questions about the psychosocial implications of the phenomenon are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article shows the results of an investigation carried out in public university in Cali (Colombia), using about 30 different- careers-students' representations and actions on employability. It was based on a similar study performed in Brazil. A questionnaire was applied and the content analysis technique was used to interpret data. It was found that students' actions are closely connected to modality of employment. At the same time, they investigate about environment and organizational demands. The subjects emphasized the network establishment and work experience before being graduated as fundamental; the learning of a second language and aesthetic aspects such as the personal presentation remain in the background. They related the fact of being employable with capacities, abilities and knowledge allowing a person to accede to a job. Finally, there are differences among careers and network establishment, the execution of practices before graduation, and expanding the field of action by complementary studies, among others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transformations of the working world implies the diminishment of structural employment and consolidation of other forms of work with psycho-sociological implications for employability. The research explores learning strategies of professionals (successes and control) and employers facilitate employability at 5 Colombian cities. In depth interviews were used. Results show that learning strategies are not necessarily consciousness. Successful professionals use Cognitive strategies of elaboration and transference; relational strategies for visibility and promoting knowledge in inter-relation; and meta-cognitive strategies of regulation in this order. Control group professionals use cognitive-elaboration and transference strategies without converting them into behaviors. Employers stressed the use of cognitive strategies of elaboration, metacognitives of regulation, relational visibility and the establishment of relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through a reflection around the issues of professional intervention in group works-group intervention, this article suggests a critical appraisal of the scientific knowledge used in such processes. Against those situations in which the intervened group becomes an object of indoctrination where no spaces are left for justice, criticism, the presentation of rationality, the discovery of the construction of truth, or the acknowledgement of resistances, the article advocates for an intervention of the social kind in which non-initiated individuals cease to be considered as passive objects devoid of a voice and of aptitudes for participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to characterize digital platform-based work arrangements in regard to their degrees of flexibility and their effects on professional achievement, balance between pros and cons, and perception of risk. A survey was conducted with platform-based workers in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and Spain (e.g., transport, care and cleaning, content production, and house renting). Two thousand and forty-eight workers contacted through social networks and unions participated. Based on the factorial analysis, we propose a flexibility index covering five dimensions (contractual agreement, working hours, workplace, remuneration, and union ties). After controlling for covariates, the flexibility index was used in a regression to measure its effects on professional achievement, the balance of pros and cons, and risk perception. The digital workers with the highest flexibility scores worked in transportation and the trade of goods and services. Flexibility reduces professional achievement when the worker accesses platform jobs due to a lack of alternatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a result of two studies it's argue structuring of institutionalized organizational context through creation, supporting or eliminating organizational forms that particularize, shape and articulate the actions of de organization's management. Versions being in use form Specialized literature, social actors and official documents are taken inside a private organization. Literature and documents report forms associated to hierarchy, specialization, articulation of work, and maximization of results. Versions from these sources are reproduced or modified in conceptions, versions and practices of social actors in the organizations, recognizing these forms as part of the real structure with multiple possible roles. Crossing parameters of characterization inferred for institutionalized organizational contexts with levels of acting and organizational forms, it's discussed the structuring as negotiated order, as social tissue in the interface between what is official and the multiple daily. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We applied a sampling plan oriented to obtain reliable information on the Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia, from senior high school students in the university's area of influence. The university made the decision of characterizing this population through a sampling survey, given the fact that these students represent the main population the university is intended to serve. For the students selection we started by determining the main characteristics of the main and sampling population (which would be made of the high schools in this case), to continue then with the number of high schools to be included in the sample as well as the distribution of the sample among the cities where the sampling will be carried out. Within each sampled city we selected four domains according to whether or not the high schools were public or non-public and academic or non-academic. Once established the high schools to be included in the sample, we visited each one of them and surveyed all the students in one of the last grade classes. We picked the first one in all cases, to avoid any selection sampling bias. This way we have a one step cluster sampling with proportional sharing by city in order to take into account the cities' size according to the number of high schools, and to the number of registered last grade students. Since we did not have access to information on the number of registered last grade students, we used as a proxy the number of students taking the 2008 version of the SABER 11 examination. We explain the sampling plan, and present the main results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Perceived greater economic inequality is supposedly associated with higher demand for redistribution. However, the findings in the literature are mixed in this regard, with some researchers providing evidence in favour of this association and some findings evidence against it. Given that perceived economic inequality and endorsement of system-justifying beliefs are related to increased inequality acceptance, we explore the interplay between them in relation to support for redistribution. This study is intended to shed light on the role of utopian standards (ideal estimates about what ought to be) as one mechanism that affects the relationship between perceived greater economic inequality and support for redistribution. Based on correlational data (N = 794), we conducted a conditional process analysis and found that perceived greater inequality displayed a negative indirect effect on support for redistribution, through acceptance of ideal level of economic inequality: Perception of higher inequality was related to increased ideal levels of inequality and thus with lower support for redistribution. In addition, we found that economic system-justifying beliefs conditioned the effect of perceived economic inequality in two ways: First, perceived economic inequality was positively associated with higher acceptance of inequality, and this association was stronger for those that justified the economic system more, and perceived greater inequality was associated with higher support for redistribution—but only for those who endorsed lower levels of economic system justification beliefs. These findings provide evidence that perceived greater economic inequality does not in itself lead to a push for more redistribution; rather, utopian standards such as ideal estimates of economic inequality, which are conditioned by system-justifying ideologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]