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La enfermedad injerto contra receptor crónica (EICRc) es una complicación inmunomediada sistémica que aparece en aproximadamente la mitad de los pacientes sometidos a trasplante alogénico de progenitores hematopoyéticos (alo-TPH) y, aunque se asocia con efectos beneficiosos de injerto versus tumor y tasas de recaída más bajas, sigue siendo la principal causa de morbimortalidad tardía en estos pacientes. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática de la literatura es proporcionar una visión actual sobre las manifestaciones musculoesqueléticas diagnósticas de EICRc, su evaluación clínica y sus posibilidades terapéuticas. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en PubMed, Embase y Cochrane Library. Se incluyeron estudios de los últimos 20 años, y se dio prioridad a los estudios transversales para evaluar métodos diagnósticos y a los ensayos clínicos en el caso de artículos referidos a tratamiento. La búsqueda se limitó a humanos y a artículos publicados en inglés o español. Identificamos 6423 estudios, de los cuales finalmente seleccionamos 86 (37 sobre clínica y evaluación diagnóstica y 49 sobre tratamientos). Los estudios específicos de complicaciones fasciales y articulares son escasos y de baja calidad, al incluir únicamente casos clínicos aislados o series de casos. La detección temprana de la EICRc con afectación fascial y/o articular requiere de evaluaciones cuidadosas y repetitivas, incluidos exámenes físicos por parte de especialistas con experiencia en trasplantes, comenzando antes del trasplante y continuando a través del seguimiento posterior, para permitir el diagnóstico y la evaluación de la trayectoria de la enfermedad. Es necesaria la búsqueda de nuevos biomarcadores o de técnicas de imagen avanzada que permitan realizar un diagnóstico precoz. La fisioterapia es esencial para mejorar la funcionalidad y prevenir la progresión de la enfermedad. Se precisan estudios controlados para establecer recomendaciones sobre las segundas líneas de tratamiento. Por su carácter multisistémico, la EICRc requiere un abordaje multidisciplinar. Chronic graft-versus-recipient disease (cGVRD) is a systemic immune-mediated complication that occurs in approximately half of the patients undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT) and, although it is associated with beneficial graft versus tumour effects and lower relapse rates, it remains the leading cause of late morbidity and mortality in these patients. The aim of this systematic review of the literature is to provide a current overview on the diagnostic musculoskeletal manifestations of cGVRD, its clinical evaluation, and therapeutic possibilities. We ran a systematic search in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Studies from the last 20 years were included. Priority was given to cross-sectional studies to evaluate diagnostic methods and to clinical trials in the case of articles referring to treatment. The search was limited to humans and articles published in English or Spanish. We identified 6423 studies, of which we selected 86 (37 on clinical and diagnostic evaluation and 49 on treatments). Specific studies on fascial and joint complications are scarce and of low quality, including only isolated clinical cases or case series. Fasciitis is the most relevant musculoskeletal manifestation, and isolated joint involvement is low, sometimes unnoticed and underdiagnosed, if a thorough exploration of joint mobility is not performed. Early detection of cGVRD with fascial and/or joint involvement requires careful and repeated evaluation. The search for new biomarkers or advanced imaging techniques that allow early diagnosis is necessary. Physiotherapy is essential to improve functionality and prevent disease progression. Controlled studies are needed to establish recommendations on second lines of treatment. Because of its multisystemic nature, cGVRD requires a multidisciplinary approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The association between anti-Ro/SSA antibodies and the appearance of cardiac rhythm disorders in adults is discussed. We aim to study this relationship, together with active treatments and comorbidities, and its impact on daily clinical practice in adults with systemic autoimmune diseases (SADs). Methods: This cross-sectional single-center study was conducted in a tertiary hospital between January 2021 and March 2022. A sample of adult patients followed up in the SAD Unit with a diagnosis of a SAD and previously tested for anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB were recruited. All of them underwent a 12-lead electrocardiogram. Results: 167 patients were included. 90 (53.9%) were positive for anti-Ro60, 101 (60.5%) for anti-Ro52, and 45 (26.9%) for anti-La/SSB; 52 (31.3%) were triple-negative. 84% were women, and the mean age was 59 years (standard deviation 12.8). The most common SAD was primary Sjögren's syndrome (34.8%), followed by systemic lupus erythematosus (24.6%) and rheumatoid arthritis (22.8%). A statistically significant relationship was found between anti-Ro52 positivity and cardiac rhythm disorders (relative risk = 2.007 [1.197–3.366]), specifically QTc prolongation (relative risk = 4.248 [1.553–11.615]). Multivariate regressions showed a significant association, with diabetes mellitus being the most related comorbidity. The association between anti-Ro52 antibodies and atrioventricular conduction disorders was not significant. Conclusions: The presence of anti-Ro52 antibodies in adult patients with SADs is associated with an increased risk of QTc prolongation. Electrocardiographic screening of patients with SAD, anti-Ro52 antibodies, and other risk factors, like diabetes mellitus or QT-prolonging drugs, seems advisable. Those with baseline electrocardiogram abnormalities or additional risk factors should undergo electrocardiographic monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SAPHO (synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis and osteitis) syndrome is a cluster of osteo-cutaneous manifestations that can lead to serious complications such as thrombosis of the subclavian vein or superior vena cava, mainly in patients with significant inflammatory involvement of the anterior-chest-wall. The objective of this study was to review the cases published in the medical literature related with the presence of thrombotic complications in patients diagnosed with SAPHO syndrome and to try to determine their possible pathogenic mechanism and risk factors. We analyzed 11 published reports of isolated clinical cases or case series, a total of 144 patients, which described a total of 15 cases of venous thrombosis. The clinical characteristics of these patients, evaluated to determine whether they meet the ASAS criteria for axial and peripheral spondyloarthritis, is analyzed the need for early diagnosis and treatment is highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]