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This article introduces new classes of generalized inverses for square matrices named GD1, and the dual, called 1GD inverse. In addition, we discuss a few characterizations and representations of these inverses. The explicit expressions of these inverses have been established via core-nilpotent decomposition. Further, we introduce a binary relation for GD1 inverse and 1GD inverse, along with a few derived properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: CLS causes severe yield loss in mung bean. To sustain mung bean health, it is vital to include alleles that may be useful in resisting CLS. Therefore, in the present study, 90 mung bean genotypes were included for assessing genetic diversity using 66 SSR markers for CLS resistance. Methods: The mung bean crop was regularly monitored for the presence of pathogen and development of CLS disease in natural field conditions during pre rabi 2018 and pre rabi 2019. CLS screening assessments of germplasms were carried out using a 1-5 rating scale. Total genomic DNA was isolated from the leaf samples of all the genotypes and SSR genotyping was performed. The genotyping data were analysed by using GenAlEx 6.51b2 and TASSEL 5.0 software programme for genetic diversity parameters. Result: A moderate molecular diversity was observed in the panel population as a wide variation in alleles showed a range of 80 bp to 300 bp with the average PIC value of 0.40. The maximum percentage of polymorphic loci was 75.76% in the resistance genotypes followed by 56.06% in moderately resistant genotypes. The percentages of Shannon information among and within the population were found to be 44% and 56%, respectively. The archaeopterx tree differentiated the panel population into two major clusters, i.e., cluster I and cluster II, which were again sub divided into different sub-clusters and sub-sub clusters. These findings indicate that, the mung bean germplasm panel used in the present study could enrich the local gene pool and provide information for CLS resistance breeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Epidemiological transition remains a key contributor to the rising prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) across developing nations. Population-specific NCD risk factors estimates derived using World Health Organization (WHO) 'STEP-wise approach' are crucial for devising evidence-based public health interventions to combat NCDs. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of behavioral and biological risk factors for NCDs among the rural adult population of Puducherry district in India. Methodology: STEPS survey was conducted by following all three steps (behavioral, physical measurements and biochemical risk factors) of NCD risk factor assessment. A total of 790 participants were selected from 50 villages through multistage cluster sampling method. STEPS instrument was used to assess behavioral risk factors, physical measurements and biochemical (fasting blood glucose and total cholesterol) risk factors. Results: Tobacco use and alcohol consumption were present among 11.3% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 9-13.6%) and 19.2% (95% CI: 16.5-22.4%) of the population, respectively. Low physical activity, inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables, overweight and obesity were observed among 29.3% (95% CI: 26.2-32.7%), 89.8% (95% CI: 87.6-92%), 15.6% (95% CI: 13.1-18.3%) and 38.9% (95% CI: 35.4-42.2%), respectively. About 28.2% (95% CI: 25.2-31.6%) had hypertension and 24.4% (95% CI: 20-29%) had diabetes mellitus. Abdominal obesity was twice highly prevalent among women. Tobacco and alcohol use were more common among men, whereas low physical activity, obesity and hypercholesterolemia were higher among women. Conclusion: Public health interventions to promote healthy lifestyle need to be initiated especially to increase physical activity, intake for fruits and vegetables, and quitting of tobacco and alcohol consumption in the rural population of Puducherry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Representing the heavy fermion systems by the Periodic Anderson Model (PAM), we have used Zubarev technique to see the effect of c-f hybridization on the temperature dependence of resistivity and magnetic susceptibility. The calculated resistivity and magnetic susceptibility show the general features observed in these materials experimentally. Further, we have shown how the strength of hybridization as well as the position of the f-level affects both the properties and the Kondo temperature of these systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of several diazenyl Schiff base derivatives were designed and synthesized through azo coupling of diazotised primary amines with the novel synthesized Schiff base ligand (E)-N-((2-chloroquinolin-3-yl) methylene)-4-phenylthiazol-2-amine. All the synthesized compounds have been analysed by different spectral techniques such as elemental analysis, 1H NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis and LC-MS for their structural confirmation. The above conjugates have been studied for their solvent effects by treating them with different solvents. The results of in vitro cytotoxic study of the synthesized compounds against MCF 7 (human breast cancer cell line) and K562 (Chronic Myeloid Leukemia cell line) revealed that some of the compounds show cytotoxic effect. However, the compounds (NZ)-N-(((4-bromo-3-methylphenyl) diazenyl) (2-chloroquinolin-3-yl) methylene)-4-phenylthiazol-2-amine: (5d) and 4-(((Z)-(2-chloroquinolin-3- yl)(4-phenylthiazol-2-ylimino)methyl)diazenyl)phenol (5e) showed potent cytotoxic activity in comparison to other compounds against MCF 7. Corroborating the results of anticancer activity, it is found to be observed that the compound 4- (((Z)- (2-chloroquinolin-3-yl) (4-phenylthiazol-2-ylimino)methyl) diazenyl) phenol (5e) showed excellent anticancer activity against MCF 7, which is further justified by the apoptosis study through Annexin V-FITC/PI analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here an attempt is made to explore the variation of magnetic susceptibility with temperature for different values of the position of f -level ( d ) and electron–phonon interaction (EPI) strength ( r ) in some U and Ce based heavy Fermion (HF) systems within Periodic Anderson Model (PAM) in the presence of a static magnetic field B and interaction of phonons with electrons of hybridization band. Since magnetic susceptibility χ is related to the f -electron occupation n ± σ f , the expression for the latter is analytically derived through f–f correlation function following the Green function technique of Zubarev. The numerical analysis of χ as a function of temperature ‘ T ’ is done for different values of d and r . The results show a good agreement with the experiments for some U and Ce based HFs. An explanation for the existence of a critical value of d w.r.t. E F for switching of nature of χ ∼ T from U to Ce based HF systems is provided. Our calculated value of the temperature T χmax corresponding to the peak position of χ for small values of hybridization constant γ =0.002 and 0.0036 coincides with the experimental value of 19 K for UPt 3 and 35 K for UPd 2 Al 3 reported by Frings et al. and Geibel et al. respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] is an important food legume in the drier region and an essential component of the tropics and subtropics for the cropping system. Heavy infestation of cowpea by root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita led to early senescence of the crop. The experiment was carried out to determine the potential level and the extent of yield loss in cowpea due to root knot nematode. Methods: A pot culture study and a field experiment were conducted to determine pathogenic potential level of root knot nematode and to determine the yield loss in cowpea with various treatment of 10, 100, 1000 and 10000 freshly hatched juveniles. Result: The treatment with nematicide, Carbofuran 3G @ 3 kg a.i./ha, reduced the final nematode population i.e., 50.94% in soil, 46.12% on root and 46.51% decrease in root knot index. The present study revealed that 1000 J2/pot was the ETL level that reduced all the growth parameters of cowpea and avoidable yield loss of 15.78% was recorded in Ccowpea due to M. incognita. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A theoretical explanation is provided to understand the effect of small concentration of impurities characterized by change in mass and nearest neighbor force constants on the phonon spectrum as well as on the electron–phonon interaction in some Heavy Fermion (HF) systems in the normal state within theoretical framework of the Periodic Anderson Model (PAM). Three different mechanisms of the electron–phonon interactions, namely, the usual interaction between the phonons with the electrons in the f-bands, electrons arising from that of hybridization term of PAM and the local electron–phonon coupling at the impurity sites are considered. Coherent Potential Approximation (CPA) is used to evaluate the configuration averaged self–energy and the total Green function. For simplicity of calculation the CPA self–energy is evaluated in Average t -matrix Approximation (ATA). The analytical analysis is carried out for finite T in the long wavelength limit. The influence of impurity mass parameter λ and other system parameters such as d, the position of f-level, the effective coupling strength g on the calculated re-normalized phonon frequency and the excitation spectrum through the spectral function is studied. The numerical analysis of the results does show the influence of impurities as evident from different plots in this paper. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

We report on the study of electron transport and band offset across β -Ga 2 O 3 /4H-SiC N–n isotype heterojunction. N-type β -Ga 2 O 3 of thickness 2.7 μ m was grown using low-pressure chemical vapor deposition using germanium (Ge) as the dopant on an n-type 4H-SiC substrate. The grown epilayer having (− 201) orientation was verified through XRD. Temperature-dependent I–V and C–V measurements were performed (50–300 K) to investigate the transport properties across the heterojunction. First, lateral diodes were fabricated on β -Ga 2 O 3 , and from C–V, n-doping was estimated to be 2.3 × 10 17 cm − 3 in the epilayer while the Schottky barrier height was estimated to be 1.75 eV. In top-down I–V sweeps, the reverse current across the heterojunction exhibited marginal dependence on temperature, indicating a possible tunnelling-based transport mechanism, while the forward current exhibited an exponential dependence on both temperature and the applied bias. The band diagram indicated the formation of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) at the hetero-interface, which was indirectly confirmed using C–V measurement and TCAD simulation at low temperatures. From the position of the Fermi level in SiC and band diagram, a conduction band offset of 0.4–0.5 eV was estimated between β -Ga 2 O 3 and 4H-SiC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A simple, rapid and low cost analytical method for the determination of β-carotene content in four different food categories is developed and validated. This method is based on solvent extraction followed by UV-Vis spectrometric detection. Target compound was extracted with four different solvents, in which acetone appears to be an excellent extractant as recovery of the analyte at 1 μg/g concentration in spiked samples was in the range of 67.8–98.8%, with relative standard deviation (RSD) ranging between 4.8 and 6.6%. Intra- and inter-day assay precisions of the method at 0.1, 1.0 and 5.0 μg/g concentrations ranged in between 3.4 and 8.9%. The linearities for β- carotene in the pure acetone, raw carrot, sweet potato, and fortified raw and cooked chicken meat nuggets were 0.994, 0.995, 0.990, 0.984 and 0.984, respectively. For robustness, the analytical method was applied to 24 samples of four different food categories namely carrot, sweet potato and carrot and sweet potato supplemented chicken meat nuggets. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The acute and sub-acute toxicity of the aqueous extract of leaves of Stephania hernandifolia was carried out to evaluate its effects on certain biochemical, haematological and histopathological changes. The up and down procedure was adopted to evaluate the acute toxicity in mice. For sub-acute toxicity study, female albino rats were administered with aqueous extract of leaves of Stephania hernandifolia (200 mg/kg) daily for 90 days. Cage-side observations, changes in morphology, behavior and body weight were weekly noted. Blood collected on day 91 and sacrificed for hematological and biochemical as well as histopathological analysis. Relative organ weights of liver, kidney, spleen and adrenals were calculated. No mortality was observed with the said extract up to a dose of 3500 mg/kg, orally. In the sub-acute toxicity study, the drug significantly increased total bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT, Alkaline phosphatase, protein, albumin, globulin, urea, uric acid, LDL and VLDL. The results reveal the aqueous extract of leaves of Stephania hernandifolia to be moderately toxic and have the potential to cause chemical injury to liver and kidneys. It also shows hyperlipidemic effect and antifertility effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer is a broad term that encompasses over one hundred different types of Cancer. Although each type has its own set of characteristics, there are some cancer symptoms that occur in many types of cancer. It is important to note that some types of cancer do not present any symptoms until they are in advanced stages. This is why cancer screening and risk assessment are vital for cancer prevention and early detection. A broad spectrum of non-specific cancer symptoms may include Persistent Fatigue, Unintentional Weight Loss, Pain, Fever, Bowel Changes, Chronic Cough etc. Keep in mind that these are very general, vague symptoms of cancer. If you have one or two of these symptoms, it is not a red flag for cancer but more an indication to your doctor to run certain medical tests. The symptoms listed above are experienced by most people with cancer at various stages of their disease, but are also linked to many other non- cancerous conditions. Cancer prevention is easier than you think. With a few simple lifestyle changes, you can drastically reduce your risk of many types of cancer. Many factors play a role in cancer development, but the good news is that most can be avoided. However Smoking and Exposure to Smoke, Exposing to Sun, Plenty of Red Meat and Animal Fat intake, Heavy Alcohol consumption, Polluted work Environment, Unsafe practice of Sex, Modern life style and food habit are the factors if can be avoided then cancer can be prevented. Apart from above precautionary factors, modern treatment techniques like Photodynamic Therapy, Radio Therapy, Hormone Therapy, Chemo Therapy, Targeted Therapy etc. now a days are more popular for treatment of cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to characterise gliclazide solid dispersions (SDs) prepared with polyethylene glycol (PEG) 8000 and compare them with SDs in PEG 6000. Methods: Gliclazide SDs containing varying concentrations of PEG 8000 were prepared using the fusion - solvent technique, and their phase solubility behavior and dissolution in 0.1N HCl were assessed at 37°C. The physical state of, and gliclazide-PEG interactions in, SDs and physical mixtures prepared in ratios of 1:1, 1:2 and 1:5 (gliclazide: PEG 8000), respectively, were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Results: The solubility of gliclazide increased with increasing amount of PEG 8000 in aqueous medium. Gibbs free energy (ΔG0 tr) values were all negative, indicating the spontaneous nature of gliclazide solubilisation. Dissolution studies indicated a significant increase in the dissolution of gliclazide when dispersed in PEG 8000. FTIR analysis demonstrated the absence of well-defined gliclazide - PEG 8000 chemical interaction while DSC and XRD studies indicated the amorphous /microcrystalline state of gliclazide in the SDs. Conclusion: In both solid dispersions and physical mixture, PEG 8000 increases the solubility and dissolution rate of gliclazide. The increased dissolution rate of gliclazide may be due to the formation of microcrystals, increased wettability and dispersibility in systems containing PEG 8000. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Estimation of the magnitude and location of the lateral earth thrust on a retaining wall considering seepage flow effects within the backfill is necessary to examine the failures of such walls. In this work, the generalised limit equilibrium approach, based on the method of slices, was used to compute the magnitude and location of active earth thrust on the vertical face of a retaining wall taking into account steady seepage flow in the sand backfill. A drainage system along the backfill and wall interface and an anisotropic permeability characteristic of the backfill was considered for describing the pore pressure distribution within the backfill. Using force equilibrium conditions and an assumption regarding the direction of the interslice forces, the total normal stress distribution along the failure surface and the magnitude of total active earth thrust were determined. Subsequently, the location of the active earth thrust was determined to satisfy the moment equilibrium condition. Both planar and curvilinear failures surfaces were analysed to examine the impact on the solutions. It was confirmed that seepage flow within backfill substantially affects both the magnitude and location of active earth thrust, depending upon the degree of anisotropy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A vertical cut reinforced with inclined nails subjected to seismic loading was analyzed using the modified pseudodynamic approach, assuming a log-spiral failure surface. A novel calculus-based methodology has been devised to obtain the maximum individual nail force demands and locus of maximum tension, which directly affect nail length in the passive and active zone. The influence of depth of cut to wavelength ratio, nail declination, surcharge, wave amplitudes, soil's shear strength parameters, and damping ratio were reported. The maximum nail forces required to restrict the failure of a cut have been observed to increase nonlinearly with the depth of nails. The lower angle of shearing resistance, stronger horizontal base acceleration, and closeness of frequency level to fundamental shear wave frequency claimed additional nail lengths in both active and passive zones highlighting their significance in the stability of nailed cut. Practicing engineers can use proposed expressions by employing inexpensive spreadsheet software rather than costly finite element or slices-based commercial software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes a case study of tracheal mucosal flap which was diagnosed during a bronchoscopy performed for tracheal bleeding. Topics discussed include the clinical history of the patient, findings of radiographic examinations done on the patient, and patient outcome. Also given is a description of mucosal flaps.

A series of N-(substituted benzylidene) thiazol-2-amines (3a-3d) and N-(substituted benzylidene) pyridyl-2-amines (3A-3D) were synthesized and individual structures were confirmed by several spectral techniques. Antibacterial activity of synthesized Schiff-base derivatives were performed by agar-diffusion method. These compounds were screened by in vitro antibacterial activity against uropathogenic bacteria, Escerichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The compounds 3a, 3b and 3d had the best inhibititory activity against K. pneumonia, whereas, the other derivatives had moderate activity. The compounds, 3A and 3D exhibited significant inhibitions against E.coli, while other compounds were resisted by both pathogens. It is probable that the presence of 4-nitrophenyl substituted and azomethine functionality having been connected either to thiazole or pyridine nucleus might have contributed to the antibacterial activities of the derivatives. Those were computationally assessed for drugable properties with molecular docking using E.coli DNA gyrase, PDBID-1KZN and Lipinski's rule of five (RO5). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines and explores the web impact factor through a webometric study of the present 16 Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) of India. Identifies the domain systems of the websites; analyzes the number of web pages and link pages, and calculates the simple web impact factor (WIF), self link web impact factor and external web impact factor of all the IIT. Also reflects that some IIT have higher number of web pages, but correspondingly their link pages are very small in number and websites fall behind in their simple, self link and external link web impact factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant activity of different solvent extracts of curry and mint leaf and their effect on colour and oxidative stability of raw ground pork meat stored at 4±1°C. The results indicated that among the two individual leaf categories, the ethanol extract of curry leaf (EHEC) and the water extract of mint leaf (WEM) showed higher DPPH and ABTS+ activity. EHEC also exhibited the highest total phenolic contents while these were the lowest for WEM. WEM showed the highest superoxide anionic scavenging activity (%). The pork meat samples treated with EHEC and WEM showed a decrease in the Hunter L- and a-values and a increase in b-value during storage at 4°C. However, the pH and TBARS values were higher in control samples irrespective of storage periods. In conclusion, EHEC and WEM have the potential to be used as natural antioxidants to minimise lipid oxidation of pork products. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This study was envisaged to evaluate the effect of ground raw carrot (0%, 5%, 10% and 15%) and mashed sweet potato (0%, 5%, 10% and 15%) as functional ingredients on the quality of chicken meat nuggets. The products were evaluated for physicochemical quality, proximate composition, nutritive value, sensory quality as well as color and texture profile analyses. Additions of either raw carrot or mashed sweet potato represent an improvement in the nutritional value and have some beneficial effects due to the presence of dietary fibers and β-carotene. They were also found to be effective in sustaining the desired cooking yield and emulsion stability. Treated samples showed lower (p > 0.05) protein, fat and ash contents but higher (p < 0.05) moisture content than control. There were differences among the nugget samples with respect to sensory qualities, and control samples as well as samples with 10% added carrot/sweet potato had higher overall acceptability scores. Hunter color values (L*, a* and b* values) were higher (p < 0.05) for both the formulated products, while their textural parameters were nearly unchanged. In conclusion, carrot and sweet potato at 10% added level have greater potential as good source of dietary fibers and β-carotene and may find their way in meat industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The need for controlled release formulations for diclofenac sodium, ciprofloxacin, and theophylline is well recognized. In our study, controlled release tablets of the three drugs were formulated by the matrix-embedding technique using ethyl cellulose as retardant. Tablets of all the drugs were of good physical quality with respect to appearance, drug content uniformity, hardness, weight variation, and friability. In vitro release rate studies showed that ethyl cellulose extended the release of the three drugs to 12 hr or more. Release patterns from formulations of the three drugs followed Higuchi's square root kinetics. At pH 6.8, the release rate was higher in all three drugs, probably due to increased solubility of the drugs and/or increased swelling of ethyl cellulose at the higher pH. The formulations were highly stable and possessed reproducible release kinetics across batches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 1 2 C( 2 0 Ne, 1 6 O) 1 6 O reaction has been used for the first time to determine ANC of 1 6 O levels. The 1 2 C( 2 0 Ne, 1 6 O) 1 6 O α -transfer angular distributions are measured at E lab = 1 5 0 MeV and used to determine the ANC of the ground, 6.05 MeV ( 0 + ), 6.13 MeV ( 3 − ), 6.92 MeV ( 2 + ) and 7.12 MeV ( 1 − ) states of 1 6 O. The ANC values are C 2 (0 +) = (2 2. 2 ± 7. 1) × 1 0 4 fm − 1 , C 2 (0 +) = (1. 4 0 ± 0. 5 4) × 1 0 6 fm − 1 , C 2 (3 −) = (2. 3 0 ± 0. 9 2) × 1 0 4 fm − 1 , C 2 (2 +) = (1. 0 7 ± 0. 3 2) × 1 0 1 0 fm − 1 and C 2 (1 −) = (3 2. 2 9 ± 1 0. 1 4) × 1 0 2 8 fm − 1 . Astrophysical S-factors at 300 keV are extracted { S E 1 3 0 0 = (7 9. 1 8 ± 2 6. 6 0) keV b and S E 2 3 0 0 = (5 2. 5 1 ± 2 4. 3) keV b } using these ANC values by R-matrix theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A high-statistics, high-resolution, complete kinematical measurement has been performed to estimate the quantitative contributions of various direct 3ɑ decay mechanisms in the decay of the famous Hoyle state, the Of resonant excited state of 12C at an excitation energy of 7.654 MeV, using inelastic scattering of 60-MeV ɑ particles on 12C. The present observation of nonzero branching ratios of various direct 3a decay modes, which have been extracted using ~20000 fully detected (4a) Hoyle events, is expected to remove the ambiguities among various previous estimates, extracted from fewer (<5000) events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy spectra of light charged particles emitted in the reaction p+27 Al →28 Si * have been studied and compared with statistical model calculation. Unlike 16O + 12C where a large deformation was observed in 28Si*, the energy spectra of α-particles were well explained by the statistical model calculation with standard “deformability parameters” obtained using the rotating liquid drop model. It seems that the α-clustering in the entrance channel causes extra deformation in 28Si* in the case of 16O + 12C, but the reanalysis of other published data shows that there are several cases where extra deformation was observed for composites produced via non-α-cluster entrance channels also. An empirical relation was found between mass-asymmetry in the entrance channel and deformation, which indicates that along with α-clustering, mass-asymmetry may also affect the emission of a light charged particle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]