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The study intended to analyze how the occupants of executive secretary positions at the Federal University of Sergipe perform. The research was characterized as descriptive, with a quantitative approach, whose analysis used the resources of descriptive statistics, with questions guided by Law nº 11.091/2005. The research identified 11 occupants of the position of executive secretary at the UFS who were admitted through the contests held between 2006 and 2018, 05 servers with college in executive secretarial, 04 with college in letters, 02 have both graduations. It was identified that the main activities carried out by the occupants of the position of executive secretary at UFS are to advise their managers, prepare, file and control documents and correspondence, serve internal and external users, use computer resources and assist in meetings. As for skills, awareness of ethical responsibilities, initiative, creativity, competence and willingness to learn stand out. As this mapping shows the culture of the position for the University, such as the presence of the executive secretary at different levels of the organizational structure at UFS. As main results stand out that in the vision, both the secretaries and the managers, the occupants of the position of secretary perform the activities that are described in the referred law; the practice of the occupants of the UFS executive secretary positions is linked to the field of management and secretarial techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Restrictions placed on the distribution of biological material by the legislation of countries such as India, South Africa, or Brazil exclude strains that could serve as type material for the validation or valid publication of prokaryotic species names. This problem goes beyond prokaryotic taxonomy and is also relevant for other areas of biological research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The treatment gap for mental disorders remains a challenge worldwide. Identifying reasons for nontreatment may contribute to reducing this gap. To evaluate sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with use and barriers to treatment in Portugal. Data from the 2009 National Mental Health Survey were used. Participants reported 12-month treatment and reasons for nontreatment. Logistic regression models analysed the association between sociodemographic (education; employment; income; marital status) and clinical variables (mental disorder diagnosis; disability) with treatment and type of barriers (low perceived need; structural; attitudinal). The majority of participants with a mental disorder was not treated. Treatment was more common among participants with mood disorders (OR = 4.19; 95% CI: 2.72–6.46), and disability (OR = 2.43; 95% CI: 1.33–4.46), and less common among single participants (OR = 0.38; 95% CI: 0.20–0.70) and those with basic/secondary education (OR = 0.42; 95% CI: 0.24–0.73). Attitudinal barriers were more likely among participants with none/primary (OR = 2.90; 95% CI: 1.42–5.90) and basic/secondary education (OR = 1.70; 95% CI: 1.01–2.85), and less likely among those with substance use disorders (OR = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.10–0.70). Low perceived need was higher among single people (OR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.01–3.08), and lower among those with anxiety (OR = 0.50; 95% CI: 0.28–0.90) and mood disorders (OR = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.09–0.30). Unemployed participants had higher odds of reporting structural barriers (OR = 3.76; 95% CI: 1.29–10.92). This study identifies factors associated with nontreatment, providing useful evidence to develop policies and effective interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work aims to analyze scientific production in the secretarial area through the Revista Expectativa journal, using the methodology of integrative review between the years 2010 to 2018. The procedure, analysis, and information indications were carried out through the six phases of the integrative review. This research is justified as a possibility of reflecting on the quality of scientific knowledge produced in the secretarial area. Among the main results obtained, it was pointed out that 86% of the publications made in Revista Expectativa are from authors trained in the Executive Secretariat and 52.1% of the productions are made by IES located in the south of the country. As for the seven major themes identified (Management, Training and the Labor Market, Scientific Research in Secretariat, Emotional Intelligence, Linguistics, Advisory and Personal Marketing) Management holds 44% of the journal's production line while the theme of Scientific Research presents 17%, in this sense, 65% of the studies are empirical in nature. The methodological profile indicated that 50% of the methodological procedures belong to bibliographic research. The results demonstrate that the editorial lines of Revista Expectativa are interdisciplinary, allowing the expansion of scientificity in the secretarial area, but also favoring related areas, even if the majority of researchers have bachelor's degrees in Executive Secretariat. As for the methodological structuring, it is necessary that the research be placed in methodological rigor for advances in scientific research in this field that has been evolving little by little. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzed the practices implemented for entrepreneurial training in Basic Education in the public schools of the state of Sergipe. That was adopted a qualitative and interpretive approach, the semistructured interview as a data collection instrument and the technique of content analysis by category. The results indicated that the first steps were taken towards entrepreneurial training in Basic Education in the state, but it is not possible to say that there was an implementation in its entirety, since there was a significant heterogeneity of the implemented practices, absence of monitoring and control of the school administration and public manager. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Identifying which factors contribute to involuntary psychiatric hospitalization may support initiatives to reduce its frequency. This study examines the sociodemographic, clinical, and contextual factors associated with involuntary hospitalization of patients from five Portuguese psychiatric departments in 2002, 2007 and 2012. Methods: Data from all admissions were extracted from clinical files. A Poisson generalized linear model estimated the association between the number of involuntary hospitalizations per patient in one year and sociodemographic, clinical, and contextual factors. Results: An increment of involuntary hospitalizations was associated with male gender [exp( β ^ ) = 1.31; 95%CI 1.06–1.62, p < 0.05], having secondary and higher education [exp( β ^ ) = 1.45; 95%CI 1.05–2.01, p < 0.05, and exp( β ^ ) = 1.89; 95%CI 1.38–2.60, p < 0.001, respectively], a psychiatric diagnosis of psychosis [exp( β ^ ) = 2.02; 95%CI 1.59–2.59, p < 0.001], and being admitted in 2007 and in 2012 [exp( β ^ ) = 1.61; 95%CI 1.21–2.16, p < 0.01, and exp( β ^ ) = 1.73; 95%CI 1.31–2.32, p < 0.001, respectively]. A decrease in involuntary hospitalizations was associated with being married/cohabitating [exp( β ^ ) = 0.74; 95%CI 0.56–0.99, p < 0.05], having experienced a suicide attempt [exp( β ^ ) = 0.26; 95%CI 0.15–0.42, p < 0.001], and belonging to the catchment area of three of the psychiatric services evaluated [exp( β ^ ) = 0.65; 95%CI 0.49–0.86, p < 0.01, exp( β ^ ) = 0.67; 95%CI 0.49–0.90, p < 0.01, and exp( β ^ ) = 0.67; 95%CI 0.46–0.96, p < 0.05 for Hospital de Magalhães Lemos, Centro Hospitalar Psiquiátrico de Lisboa and Unidade Local de Saúde do Baixo Alentejo, respectively]. Conclusions: The findings suggest that involuntary psychiatric hospitalizations in Portugal are associated with several sociodemographic, clinical, and contextual factors. This information may help identify high-risk patients and inform the development of better-targeted preventive interventions to reduce these hospitalizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Research suggests that economic recessions might be associated with a higher use of psychotropic drugs, but literature is scarce and contradictory in identifying the most vulnerable groups. This study aims to assess possible changes in the use of psychotropic drugs due to the economic recession in Portugal, by comparing self-reported consumption in 2008/09 and 2015/16. Methods: Data from the World Mental Health Survey Initiative Portugal (2008/09) and the National Mental Health Survey Follow-Up (2015/16) were used (n = 911). McNemar's tests were performed to estimate changes in consumption of any psychotropic drug and of antidepressants, anxiolytics, and hypnotics/sedatives. Multiple Generalised Estimating Equations models with interaction effects were used to estimate the population odds of consuming psychotropic drugs according to year, gender and age. Results: An increase of 6.74% was estimated in the consumption of psychotropic drugs from 2008/09 to 2015/16. Population odds of consuming any psychotropic drugs in 2015/16 were estimated to be 1.5 times higher than in 2008/09 (OR = 1.50;95%CI:1.13–2.01), particularly for hypnotics/sedatives (OR = 1.60;95%CI:1.14–2.25). Women and older individuals presented higher odds of consuming any psychotropic drugs (OR = 2.79;95%CI:2.03–3.84, and OR = 1.80;95%CI:1.28–2.54), after adjusting for year of assessment and education. However, when evaluating the interaction effect of the year with gender and age, men and younger individuals reported higher odds of consuming any psychotropic drugs in 2015/16, when compared to 2008/09 (OR = 1.85;95%CI:1.08–3.17, and OR = 1.95;95%CI:1.32–2.90, respectively). Conclusions: The findings indicate that the period of economic recession was associated with an increased risk of psychotropic drugs use in Portugal. Consumption of psychotropic drugs remained higher among women and older individuals, but the results suggest that the economic crisis had a disproportionate impact on men and younger individuals. This identification of the most vulnerable population groups is useful to design effective and targeted public health interventions aimed at alleviating the effects of economic recessions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the association between periodontitis and self‐reported halitosis among young adults, and whether there is an interaction between the effects of smoking and periodontitis on halitosis. Methods: Data from the 1982 Pelotas birth cohort, Brazil, were used. The controlled direct effect of periodontitis on self‐reported halitosis, not mediated by tongue coating, was estimated using marginal structural modeling. In addition, an interaction between the effects of smoking and periodontitis on halitosis was also tested. Confounders comprised sociodemographic information, obesity, diabetes, and oral hygiene habits. Results: The controlled direct effect of periodontitis on halitosis not mediated by tongue coating showed that individuals with periodontitis had 90% higher risk of self‐reporting halitosis (RR 1.90) compared to healthy individuals. Individuals with mild periodontitis had twice the risk of reporting halitosis than periodontally healthy individuals (RR 2.31). We also found an interaction between the effects of smoking and periodontitis on halitosis, as noted among smokers with mild (RR 2.91) and moderate‐to‐severe periodontitis (RR 5.84). Conclusion: There is a controlled direct effect of periodontitis on halitosis not mediated by tongue coating. Additionally, an interaction between the effects of smoking and periodontitis on halitosis was also detected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Conduits used in coronary artery bypass artery grafting (CABG) have different properties and flow profiles. We compared intraoperative mean graft flow (MGF) between arterial and venous conduits, off-pump CABG (OPCABG) and on-pump CABG (ONCABG) procedures, skeletonized and pedicled internal mammary artery (IMA) grafts, and pulsatility index (PI) between OPCABG and ONCABG, in pairwise meta-analyses.Methods: Following a systematic literature search, all studies comparing MGF in arterial and venous grafts, were included. The primary endpoint was comparison of pooled MGF between arterial and venous grafts. Secondary endpoints were comparisons of pooled MGF in OPCABG vs ONCABG, anastomosed skeletonized vs pedicled IMA grafts, free skeletonized vs pedicled IMA grafts and PI in OPCABG versus ONCABG.Results: A total of 25 studies with 4443 patients were included. Compared with venous grafts, arterial grafts had lower MGF (standardized mean difference [SMD], -0.28; 95% confidence interval [CI, -0.34; -0.22]; P < .001). OPCABG was associated with significantly lower MGF compared to ONCABG (SMD, -0.29; 95%CI, -0.50; -0.08]; P = .01). No differences were found in MGF between skeletonized vs pedicled IMA after anastomosis (SMD, 0.32; 95%CI [-0.08; 0.71]; P = .11) or in free flow (SMD, 0.76; 95%CI [-0.14; 1.65]; P = .10). No difference was found in PI between OPCABG and ONCABG. At meta-regression, age was associated with higher MGF, while OPCABG was associated with lower MGF.Conclusions: Intraoperative flow of venous conduits is higher than that of arterial grafts. Compared to OPCABG surgery, graft flow is higher in ONCABG. In skeletonized and pedicled IMA conduits, no difference in flow profiles was found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this article is to present the Thematic Analysis as a technique of scientific analysis of qualitative approach and its use in research in Administration. In order to do so, we present the ways of use and methodological possibilities, based on the theoretical discussion based on authors such as Alhojailan (2012), Braun and Clarke (2006), Cunliffe (2011), Vaismoradi et al. (2013) and King and Brooks (2017) as well as the exemplification from two researches that have used this technique. It is hoped to contribute to the understanding of what Thematic Analysis is, offering new possibilities for qualitative research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The endometrial stromal sarcoma (EES) is a rare uterine malignancy and its intracardiac metastasis are exceedingly rare. We report a case of a 53-year-old female patient diagnosed with a metastatic tumor of a ESS in the right side of the heart, who underwent successful surgical resection and initiated chemotherapy with docetaxel and gemcitabine. At a 9-month follow-up, the patient was in New York Heart Association-Class I, without any further complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tetrazoles are incredibly useful organic molecules with a wide range of applications from medicinal chemistry as carboxylic acid isosteres to high energy density materials in space research. In an effort to develop an easy protocol for the synthesis of tetrazoles from nitriles, we used nano‐Ag‐TiO2 as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the reaction of various nitriles and sodium azide to afford 5‐substituted tetrazoles in excellent yields. By this method, a wide variety of aryl nitriles underwent [3 + 2] cycloaddition to afford tetrazoles in excellent yields. Further reaction of tetrazoles with ethylchloroacetate resulted in the formation of expected products, except for a bis‐tetrazole, which underwent ring opening and subsequent reaction to afford an unusual product. The bis‐tetrazole also formed an unusual polymeric sodium complex in aq. NaOH solution. X‐ray crystallography revealed a distorted octahedral geometry for the complex, which forms a three‐dimensional network of chains interlinked by bis‐tetrazole moieties through a network of H‐bonds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to draw the pattern of alcohol consumption among workers of a technical-agricultural college in a Brazilian northeastern city. Method: a quantitative, transversal and descriptive research with 30 workers, with census sampling. It was listed as eligibility criteria: to be a public servant who has been a bankrupt in the institution and who has been employed for at least six months. The collection took through the application of the Test for Identification of Problems related to the Use of Alcohol and the data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics. Results: it was found that 73% of the workers have used alcohol in the last 12 months, above the national average. That the highest pattern of risk and harmful consumption occurred among men, aged between 30 and 39 years, married, with a full postgraduate studies, with income between three and five minimum wages. Conclusion: the pattern of alcohol consumption identified was that the participants consumed alcoholic beverages in the last 12 months with a risk and harmful pattern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aims to conduct a systematic review to determine the prevalence of halitosis in adolescents and adults. Methods: Electronic searches were performed using four different databases without restrictions: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SciELO. Population-based observational studies that provided data about the prevalence of halitosis in adolescents and adults were included. Additionally, meta-analyses, meta-regression, and sensitivity analyses were conducted to synthesize the evidence. Results: A total of 584 articles were initially found and considered for title and abstract evaluation. Thirteen articles met inclusion criteria. The combined prevalence of halitosis was found to be 31.8% (95% CI 24.6-39.0%). Methodological aspects such as the year of publication and the socioeconomic status of the country where the study was conducted seemed to influence the prevalence of halitosis. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that the estimated prevalence of halitosis was 31.8%, with high heterogeneity between studies. The results suggest a worldwide trend towards a rise in halitosis prevalence. Clinical relevance: Given the high prevalence of halitosis and its complex etiology, dental professionals should be aware of their roles in halitosis prevention and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim To systematically review the literature in order to investigate a potential association between periodontitis and halitosis. Methods Electronic searches were performed in four different databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Scielo. Population-based observational studies that tested the association between periodontitis and halitosis were included. Additionally, meta-analysis, meta-regression and subgroup analyses were performed to synthesize the evidence. Results A total of 1,107 articles were identified in electronic searches; out of which, five were included within the meta-analysis. Pooled estimates revealed that individuals with periodontitis presented 3.16 times higher odds ( OR 3.16; 95% CI: 1.12-8.95) of having halitosis. Meta-regression and subgroups analyses showed that criteria used for halitosis and periodontitis assessment explained nearly 45% and 24% of heterogeneity between studies, respectively. Conclusions Positive association between periodontitis and halitosis was found in pooled results of population-based observational studies. However, this evidence is derived from cross-sectional studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The crystal structure of (μ 3 -oxo)hexakis(cyanoacetato-κO,O′)(cyanoacetato-κO)diaquatriiron(III) cyanoacetic acid shows the formation of trinuclear complexes in a hydrogen-bond network that bonds all the molecules in a 3D arrangement. For this complex, within whose clusters the whole magnetic interaction takes place, 57 Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy shows that the Fe cations are in the S = 5/2 state in the temperature range 2–295 K. The asymmetric broadening of the absorption peaks below 80 K is consistent with strong antiferromagnetic interactions between the metal spins. The magnetization measurements also show the antiferromagnetic character of the spin ensemble and an S T = 1/2 magnetic ground state typical of triangular systems with similar J between Fe-Fe pairs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Five new complexes were obtained from solution of transition metal salts (M=Co(II), Cu(II)) with 4-amino-3,5-bis(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazole (abpt) in different molar ratios. X-ray structural elucidation revealed low-dimensional compounds with the metal ions assembled in monomers, dimers or chains. Two similar polymorphs were obtained for the monomer synthesized from Cu(II) chloride. Temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements were conducted for the non-monomeric compounds, and efficient super-exchange interaction was found for the mostly planar dinuclear Co(II) complex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new 1D complex has been prepared and characterized. X-ray single crystal structure confirms that the Cu(II) ions assemble in alternating chains with Cu … Cu distances of 2.5685(4) and 3.1760(4) Å. The temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility reveals an antiferromagnetic interaction between the paddle-wheel copper centers with an exchange of −300 cm −1 . The exchange integral was also determined by quantum chemical ab-initio calculations, using polarised and unpolarised basis sets reproducing well the experimental value. The second harmonic generation efficiency of a concomitantly crystallized material was evaluated and was found to be comparable to urea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a simple procedure for the study of the cooling of a spherical body using a standard thermometer and a smartphone. Experiments making use of smartphone sensors have been described before, contributing to an improved teaching of classical mechanics, but rarely expand to thermodynamics. In this experiment, instead of using a smartphone camera to slow down a fast movement, we are using the device to speed up a slow process. For that we propose the use of the free app Framelapse to take periodic pictures (in the form of a time-lapse video) and then the free app VidAnalysis to track the position of the mercury inside the thermometer, thus effortlessly tracking the temperature of a cooling body (Fig. 1). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies on microbial characterization of cold-smoked salmon and salmon trout during cold storage were performed on samples available in the Portuguese market. Samples were also classified microbiologically according to guidelines for ready-to-eat (RTE) products. Further investigations on sample variability and microbial abilities to produce tyramine and histamine were also performed. The coefficient of variation for viable counts of different groups of microorganisms of samples collected at retail market point was high in the first 2 wk of storage, mainly in the Enterobacteriaceae group and aerobic plate count (APC), suggesting that microbiological characteristics of samples were different in numbers, even within the same batch from the same producer. This variation seemed to be decreased when storage and temperature were controlled under lab conditions. The numbers of Enterobacteriaceae were influenced by storage temperature, as indicated by low microbial numbers in samples from controlled refrigeration. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and Enterobacteriaceae were predominant in commercial products, a significant percentage of which were tyramine and less histamine producers. These results might be influenced by (1) the technological processes in the early stages of production, (2) contamination during the smoking process, and (3) conditions and temperature fluctuations during cold storage at retail market point of sale. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A new copper(II) complex of formula {[Cu 2 (H 2 btc) 2 (dmf) 2 ]·4dmf} n ( 1 ) [H 4 btc = 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid, dmf = dimethylformamide] has been synthesised and its structure determined by X-ray diffraction. The structure displays a new square grid of “paddle-wheel” tetracarboxylate-bridged dicopper(II) units with an intradimer copper–copper separation of 2.619(2) Å. The dmf molecules are retained through weak axial coordinative bonds and hydrogen bonding interactions with the carboxylic groups of the porous neutral network of 4 4 net topology. The magnetic behaviour of 1 corresponds to a strong antiferromagnetic coupling within each dicopper(II) unit ( J = −343 cm −1 with the Hamiltonian being defined by H = − J S 1 · S 2 ). Complex 1 does not adsorb N 2 but it exhibits certain absorption of CO 2 with a hysteretic desorption behaviour typical of flexible MOFs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the crystal structure of tris(2 ,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionato)mono(bathophenanthroline)erbium(III), C57H73ErN2O6, the Er3+ ion is in an antiprismatic environment, surrounded by two N atoms and six O atoms. The β-diketonato ligands show structural disorder. The ac susceptibility studies conducted at frequencies from 33 to 9995 Hz and at temperatures from 1.7 to 10 K revealed that the application of a static magnetic field induces a slow magnetic relaxation. Two relaxation modes (fast relaxation = FR; slow relaxation = SR) could be distinguished with energy barriers UFR/ kB = 15.6 K and USR/ kB = 22.4 K and relaxation times of 10-6 and 10-4 s, respectively. The Er3+ compound is luminescent in the solid state, emitting in the near IR region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research has shown that health service utilisation for depression (HSUD) is less common among men than women. However, most evidence is cross-sectional, and there is limited information about gendered outcomes of depression. This cross-country study assesses gender differences in HSUD and in the persistence of depression by using cross-sectional and longitudinal data. We used data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), from 5428 participants between 50 and 80 from nine European countries, fulfilling criteria for depression in Wave 5 (assessed by the EURO-D depression scale). We modelled non-HSUD among all those depressed in Wave 5 ("cross-sectional data") and those not depressed in Wave 4 ("longitudinal data"), and the persistence of depression in Wave 6, as a function of gender. We used logistic regressions adjusted for age, marital status, country, education, financial strain, and severity of depression. Non-HSUD was more likely among depressed men than women in both cross-sectional (82.4% vs 73.2%, OR = 1.54, 99%CI = 1.54-1.55) and longitudinal analyses (94.4% vs 88.3%, OR = 2.27, 99%CI = 2.25-2.29). Gender differences were greater among low-educated participants and those with less pronounced financial strain. Among those with HSUD, men were more likely to remain depressed (62.3%, OR = 2.26, 99%CI = 2.22-2.30). Among those without HSUD, depression was more likely to persist among women (45.4%, OR = 0.79, 99%CI = 0.78-0.79). Results suggest that cross-sectional analyses underestimate men's disadvantage in HSUD. Interventions are needed to improve the demand for care and treatment adequacy among men, increasing their perception of need and their mental health literacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In ecological economics the debate on formalism and formalization has been addressed in the context of a lively discussion on ecological economics as a ‘post-normal’ (versus ‘normal’) science. Using ecological economics (EE) as a ‘seed’ journal and applying bibliometric techniques to all (2533) the articles published in EE from January 1989 to December 2009, we analyze the evolution of the field of ecological economics aiming to shed light on this debate. We observe the predominance (and increased relevance) of certain research topics: ‘Methodological issues’, ‘Policies, governance and institutions’ and ‘Valuation’. Moreover, ‘Collective action’, ‘Technical change and the environment’ and ‘Values’ stand as emergent themes of research. Finally, we note that ecological economics experienced an ‘empirical turn’ reflected in a shift away from exclusively formalized papers towards exclusively empirical and, to a larger extent, ‘formal and empirical’ ones. The combination of the prominent and emergent topics and the ‘empirical turn’ mirrors the increasing awareness among researchers in the field of the need to address a key specificity of ecological economics — the interdependence of the economic, biophysical and social spheres. On this basis, we argue that at least through the lens of EE, ecological economics has evolved towards a post-normal science. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The chemistry of trifluoromethyl azafulvenium methides was explored leading to a new route to trifluoromethylpyrrole-annulated systems. The first evidence of azafulvenium methides acting as 1,3-dipoles is reported. These azafulvenium methides showed site selectivity in the reaction with strong electron-deficient dipolarophiles leading exclusively to 1,3-cycloadducts. In the cycloaddition with less-activated dipolarophiles 1,7-cycloadducts resulting from [8π+2π] cycloaddition are also formed. FMO analysis of the cycloaddition reactions allowed the rationalization of the observed selectivity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In this paper, former studies on the interactions of the natural substrate and potential inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum serine hydroxymethyltransferase (PfSHMT) were used to design five new potential selective inhibitors to this enzyme. Results of the docking energies calculations of these structures inside the active sites of PfSHMT and human SHMT were used to select a more suitable structure as a potential selective inhibitor to PfSHMT. Further molecular dynamics studies of this molecule and 5-formyl-6-hydrofolic acid (natural substrate) docked inside these enzymes' active sites revealed important features for additional refinements of this structure and also additional residues in the PfSHMT active site to be considered further for designing selective inhibitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study about 3-Oxoandrosta-4,6-dien-17Β-yl 2-methyl-1H-imidazole-1-carboxylate and 3-oxo-5a-androst-17Β-yl 2-methyl-1H-imidazole-1-carboxylate. The study observes the significant differences in both molecular conformation and supramolecular aggregation between the molecules of the title compounds. It found large differences in the solid-state conformations compared with those obtained theoretically from ab initio methods isolated molecules.

Background: Chromatin organizational and topological plasticity, and its functions in gene expression regulation, have been strongly revealed by the analysis of nucleolar dominance in hybrids and polyploids where one parental set of ribosomal RNA (rDNA) genes that are clustered in nucleolar organizing regions (NORs), is rendered silent by epigenetic pathways and heterochromatization. However, information on the behaviour of dominant NORs is very sparse and needed for an integrative knowledge of differential gene transcription levels and chromatin specific domain interactions. Methodology/Principal Findings: Using molecular and cytological approaches in a wheat-rye addition line (wheat genome plus the rye nucleolar chromosome pair 1R), we investigated transcriptional activity and chromatin topology of the wheat dominant NORs in a nucleolar dominance situation. Herein we report dominant NORs up-regulation in the addition line through quantitative real-time PCR and silver-staining technique. Accompanying this modification in wheat rDNA trascription level, we also disclose that perinucleolar knobs of ribosomal chromatin are almost transcriptionally silent due to the residual detection of BrUTP incorporation in these domains, contrary to the marked labelling of intranucleolar condensed rDNA. Further, by comparative confocal analysis of nuclei probed to wheat and rye NORs, we found that in the wheat-rye addition line there is a significant decrease in the number of wheat-origin perinucleolar rDNA knobs, corresponding to a diminution of the rDNA heterochromatic fraction of the dominant (wheat) NORs. Conclusions/Significance: We demonstrate that inter-specific interactions leading to wheat-origin NOR dominance results not only on the silencing of rye origin NOR loci, but dominant NORs are alsomodified in their transcriptional activity and interphase organization. The results show a cross-talk between wheat and rye NORs, mediated by ribosomal chromatin dynamics, revealing a conceptual shift from differential amphiplasty to 'mutual amphiplasty' in the nucleolar dominance process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a growing interest in the geomechanical behaviour of low performing soils strengthened with alkali-activated materials, which have been promoted as low-carbon-footprint binders. This paper focuses on the performance of a sandy clay stabilised with NaOH-activated blast furnace slag after short (28 days) and long (90 days) curing periods. Triaxial compression experiments were conducted at a range of mean effective stresses (41 to 600 kPa) and overconsolidation ratios (1 to 12.2). The experimental data was used to calibrate a kinematic hardening constitutive model and the ability of the model to capture the behaviour of artificially stabilised sandy clay was investigated. Triaxial results carried out on the stabilised soil at both curing periods showed a behaviour resembling that observed for cement-mixed clays. The model, which had never been tested in artificially stabilised soils, successfully predicted the smooth elastoplastic transition observed on the non-stabilised soil specimens and the peak/residual shear strains and strain-softening behaviour after peak strengths in its stabilised state after 28 and 90 curing days. • Predicting the triaxial compression behaviour of a sandy clay stabilised with an alkali-activated binder. • Stress-strain behaviour typical of artificially cemented clays with conventional binders. • A kinematic hardening model was applied to predict the stress-strain behaviour. • The impact of the alkali-activated binder on the stress-strain behaviour was well captured by the model. • Typical shear failure cracks with approximately 45° slope or vertical cracks were observed on the stabilised specimens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The title compound, C23H30N2O3, prepared in a one-step reaction from the commercially available 1,10-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) and testosterone,crystallizes with two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit. The imidazole carbonyloxy group is in an equatorial position. The molecules are joined in layers parallel to the ac plane via C—H⋯O intermolecular interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report a case of cutaneous mucormycosis in a healthy, immunocompetent young girl (age 14 years). The patient had a 5-year history of a slowly enlarging, erythematous plaque with slight elevated, scaling, circinate borders on the right thigh. Histopathology showed a granulomatous infiltrate with broad, pale, non-septate hyphae. Mycological study identified Mucor hiemalis (Wehmer). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A new 1D complex has been prepared and characterized. X-ray single crystal structure confirms that the Mn(II) ions assemble in alternating chains with Mn–Mn distances of 3.8432(13) and 4.4428(14)Å. A 3D network of hydrogen bonds links the chains together. The temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility reveals that this compound undergoes a magnetic transition and exhibits an antiferromagnetic interaction in the low-temperature phase with two alternating exchange interactions of −2.32(1) and −5.55(1)cm−1. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: l-Tryptophanium hydrogen selenite was synthesised and structurally characterised at room and low temperature. The aminoacid is positively charged with the amine and carboxylic group protonated. It adopts a staggered conformation with the N1 gauche to C4 that is gauche to C1. The anion displays a pyramidal conformation with three different Se–O bond lengths, one characteristic of a double bond, another of a single bond and the third with an intermediate character. At room temperature there is a disordered hydrogen atom between the carboxylic group of the cation and the O atom of the anion with the intermediate Se–O bond length. At low temperature this hydrogen atom orders and attaches to the carboxylic group. This ordering is most likely related to the transition seen in DSC measurements occurring at −82.5°C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Books and documents are subject to decay by a variety of organisms, including mould. Experiments were conducted to find the lowest gamma radiation dose needed to inactivate fungi. Aspergillus versicolor and Eurotium chevalieri, previously isolated from naturally contaminated book from a Brazilian public library and from the environment, respectively, were cultivated and treated in a Co60 irradiation unit with doses ranging from 14.5 to 25kGy. The minimum dose required to kill these fungi was 16kGy. Thus, this dose was applied directly to a severely attacked book and deteriorated old documents. Pieces of damaged paper from these materials were incubated in culture media before and after the treatment. Several fungi were isolated and identified, including representatives of Acremonium, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Penicillium and Trichosporon. After the treatment, no living fungi were detected from the irradiated material. The book was maintained in favorable conditions for new fungal attack for 2 months and no fungal growth was detected. These results are very promising and demonstrate the effectiveness of gamma-ray radiation for the recovery of severely damaged books and old documents, leading to the preservation of our cultural heritage and prevention of diseases caused by moulds in libraries and archives. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The metabolism of biphenyl, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene by Cyclothyrium sp. CBS 109850, a coelomycete isolated for the first time in Brazil from industrially polluted estuarine sediment, was studied. The metabolites were extracted and separated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and characterized by UV spectral analyses and mass, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectrometry. Cyclothyrium sp. transformed biphenyl to 4-hydroxybiphenyl and anthracene to anthracene trans-1,2-dihydrodiol. This isolate metabolized 90% of [9-14C]phenanthrene, producing phenanthrene trans-9,10-dihydrodiol as a major metabolite, phenanthrene trans-3,4-dihydrodiol, 1-hydroxyphenanthrene, 3-hydroxyphenanthrene, 4-hydroxyphenanthrene, and a novel metabolite, 2-hydroxy-7-methoxyphenanthrene. Circular dichroism spectra analyses indicated that the major enantiomers of phenanthrene trans-9, 10-dihydrodiol, phenanthrene trans-3,4-dihydrodiol and pyrene trans-4,5-dihydrodiol, a pyrene metabolite produced previously by Cyclothyrium sp. CBS 109850, were predominantly in the (R,R) configuration, revealing a high stereoselectivity for initial monooxygenation and enzymatic hydration of phenanthrene and pyrene by Cyclothyrium sp. CBS109850. The results also show a high regioselectivity since the K-regions of phenanthrene and pyrene were the major sites of metabolism. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Let A be an n×n nonnegative real matrix. We know that A is Γ-monotone if it has a nonnegative Γ-inverse. Moreover if A has an appropriate generalized inverse, then we can obtain nonnegative solutions for the linear system Ax=b, where b&ges;0.In this paper, using properties about nonnegatives matrices, we present sufficient conditions in order that the Leontief price model(I+F)p(k+1)=[1+r(k)]Fp(k)+Gp0(k+1)a0,where F=(I−AT)−1BT and G=(I−AT)−1, have nonnegative solutions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Filamentous fungi were isolated from estua-rine sediments collected from two contaminated sites. One site was contaminated mainly by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) with a concentration around 407μg g[SUP-1] of different PAHs, and the other by different sources of industrial pollutants; both were compared to a pristine site. All three sites were located in the Baixada Santista, São Paulo State, Brazil. The aim of the present investigation was the isolation of filamentous fungi from pristine and industrially polluted sediments in order to assess the mycobiota present in those sites and to evaluate their tolerance to phenanthrene and pyrene. Most of the isolated fungi were mitosporic ascomycetes, including Aspergil-lus sp., Chrysosporium sp., Cyclothyrium spp., Gliocladium sp., Penicillium spp., Phoma spp., and Trichoderma spp. There were also representatives of sexual Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, and Zygomycetes. The results showed that 59% of the evaluated fungi were tolerant to pyrene and 30% to phenan-threne. Representatives of Trichoderma were the most tolerant among the filamentous fungi investigated. A representative of Penicillium simplicissimum was the only isolate tested that had a better growth in the presence of pyrene than in its absence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An agar medium containing histidine or tyrosine incubated anaerobically was used for detecting the decarboxylating activity of bacteria isolated from Portuguese vacuum-packed cold-smoked fish during chilled storage. The capacity of each bacterial isolate to produce histamine and tyramine was studied at 25 and 5 °C incubated for 48 h and 10 days, respectively. More strains produced histamine and tyramine at 25 °C compared with 5 °C although lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains exhibited similar results at the two different temperatures. Tyramine was produced by majority of the isolates tested although very low concentrations were produced at 5 °C as confirmed by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Tyrosine-agar was shown to be a good indicator medium for detection of bacteria that produced high levels of tyramine, since typical colonies surrounded by a translucent halo were easily recognised. LAB identified as Lc. Lactis lactis 1 and Carnobacterium divergens were detected as tyramine-producing bacteria. Acinetobacter spp. and Pseudomonas spp., isolated from all Portuguese smoked fish products, were negative on histidine-agar, but HPLC identified considerable quantities of histamine produced in a broth medium. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Provides information about the Fruitvale Village in Oakland, California. Presence of state-of-the-art health care clinics; Implementation of economic development projects; Plan to improve the village.

Background: There is a growing recognition that staff attitudes toward coercion in mental health care may influence its application. This study presents the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Staff Attitudes towards Coercion Scale (SACS) and describes mental health professionals' attitudes towards coercion in Portugal. Methods: Mental health professionals working in five Portuguese mental health services in urban and rural regions of Portugal were invited to complete a questionnaire comprising the SACS and a socio-demographic form. Psychometric analyses including construct validity and internal consistency were carried out using R software. Results: A total of 91 out of 119 questionnaires completed were valid for analysis. Fifty-seven (62.64%) respondents were female, with an age range of 24 to 69 years (M = 39.33; SD = 11.09). More than half of them were nurses (52.75%, n = 48), and a third were psychiatrists (36.26%, n = 33). A three-factor structure was confirmed and showed the best fit compared to previously proposed models with a cumulative explained variance of 59%. The Portuguese SACS exhibited adequate internal consistency for both the full-scale and subscales. The highest mean score was in the pragmatic attitude domain (20.60; SD = 3.37). A negative correlation was observed between the critical attitude domain and both age and years of experience (p < 0.05). Conclusion: A three-factor structure was confirmed and showed the best fit compared to previously proposed models. The Portuguese SACS showed excellent psychometric properties and is acceptable for assessing staff attitudes towards coercion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Around eight-out-of-ten survivors of domestic violence in Lithuania are women, and of those, eight-out-of-ten suffer violence specifically from their intimate partners (IPV). Women who experience IPV are at higher risk of having mental health conditions. This study aims to explore the perspectives of mental health and social care professionals regarding the provision of mental health support to IPV survivors in Lithuania. Four focus groups were conducted among 29 service providers from across the country. Audio-recordings were transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically using MAXQDA software. The five main themes derived from the analysis reveal: 1) low levels of IPV awareness among IPV survivors who seek support with their mental health; 2) a lack of specialized training among professionals as a barrier to effective support; 3) a low prioritization on the national level; 4) little inter-sectoral collaboration which undermines the complexity of needed responses; 5) broader systemic problems. The provision of mental health support to IPV survivors lacks the recognition that IPV is gender-based violence and a major public (mental) health problem. The complexity of needed services is absent. Further research needs to explore the utilization of mental health services by IPV survivors and their perceptions concerning it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amorphous solid phases can be represented by shallow basins in the potential energy hypersurface. Glasses formed by substances with prolific crystal polymorphism, such as nateglinide, an anti-diabetes drug, are susceptible to greater kinetical instability. Their energy landscape is characterized by deep pits in an accessible range, into which the supramolecular configuration can fall, when the amorphous solid relaxes to some crystalline polymorph. Alternative co-amorphization strategies are explored in this work to overcome the crystallization of nateglinide amorphous phases, namely by comparing two synthetic approaches, cryo-milling and quench-cooling, for a dual-drug system in combination with ranolazine. An alternative co-former, the essential amino-acid tryptophan, was also used for the synthesis of a cryo-milled nateglinide co-amorphous system. Enhanced kinetical stability for up to 8 months is achieved with both multicomponent systems. Their physico-chemical characterization in 3 molar ratios is accompanied by the study of their relaxation processes by broadband dielectric spectroscopy. Despite the higher glass transition temperatures obtained for the cryo-milled co-amorphous system with tryptophan, the co-amorphous salt system with ranolazine was found to have higher kinetical stability upon heating or ageing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The role of Environmental Health Practitioners (EHPs) during pandemic is discussed. • EHPs have played an essential and influential role in the response to COVID-19. • EHPs roles in safety assessment, policy development and assurance were discussed. • Limited human resources may increasing other public health and safety risk factors. • Future policies should reflect value of local intervention. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the relevance of public health professionals all over the world, in particular Environmental Health Practitioners (EHPs), who played a major role in the containment of the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. However, as in past disasters, their involvement was oriented towards urgent tasks, and did not fully utilize EHPs' competences and skills. Additionally, due to limited resources, during emergencies EHPs may temporarily transition away from their day-to-day role, potentially increasing other public health and safety risk factors without appropriate surveillance or intervention. To overcome this and prepare for possible future pandemics, it is important to identify and discuss the key roles of EHPs in different countries, providing a common framework for practices that can contribute to population safety and health. To this end, an international workgroup was established to discuss current environmental health practices and challenges across different countries during the pandemic. Findings from discussions concluded that, despite the observed differences across the countries, EHPs are one of the main public health emergency preparedness and response actors. However, since resources are still lagging significantly behind need, we argue that the role of these professionals during pandemics should be focused on practices that have higher impact to support population health and safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a case report of a fetal diagnosis of cystic fibrosis after ultrasound abnormalities. After delivery, a type 3A intestinal atresia was diagnosed. Segmental enterectomy with end‐to‐end anastomosis was performed. This case report highlights the diagnosis complexity of a fetal intestinal atresia associated with cystic fibrosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of industrial by-products in the context of soil stabilisation has recently been explored as a mean to substitute the massive use of ordinary Portland cement (OPC), whose production has severe environmental impacts. Therefore, the purpose of the present investigation was to assess the geomechanical behaviour of a soft soil stabilised with a sustainable alkaline binder incorporating ground granulated blastfurnaces slags (GGBS), a residue from the iron industry, activated with NaOH at short (28 days) – and long (90 days) term. The mechanical characterisation included the performance of oedometer and triaxial testing, where the impact of both, initial mean effective stress (p' 0) and overconsolidation ratio (OCR) effects, was analysed on the stress-strain and volumetric strain curves, stiffness degradation and, triaxial failure surfaces of the specimens. Also, SEM-EDS, XRD and leachate analyses were also carried out at both curing ages. The mechanical results showed a significant increase of the shear strength and stiffness, and a stress-strain behaviour typical of artificially cemented soils with OPC. The detection of Si, Ca and Al suggests the formation of C-A-S-H, which explain the more pronounced development of strength and stiffness up to 28 days. No risk of soil contamination was detected due to the addition of activated GGBS to the soil. • Alkali-activated blast-furnaces slags were applied to stabilise a sandy clay soil. • Geomechanical behaviour was assessed by oedometer and triaxial tests. • Binding phases were analysed through SEM-EDS and XRD analyses. • Stabilised soil exhibited a behaviour reminiscent of cement-clay mixtures. • There is no risk of soil contamination when adding the alkaline binder to the soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new salt containing both dipolar and octupolar molecules has been synthesized and its structural features fully revealed, namely, its noncentrosymmetry. The microscopic optical properties of a neutral cluster were calculated probing several functionals; a better performance was observed for functionals with high percentage of Hartree-Fock exchange. The vector and septor irreducible components, for individual ions, were also calculated in order to evaluate their ratio and the dipolar/octupolar character. The optical properties of the solid state were computed, using the oriented gas model and two different local field factors. For the SHG generation, the calculated value compares well with the experimental value measured for the powder form, of the order of magnitude of the urea signal. • A non-centrosymmetric crystal of guanidinium and 2,2′-bipyridine-3,3′-dicarboxylate ions was studied by X-ray diffraction. • Kurtz-Perry method was used to measure the SHG signal, of the same order of magnitude of urea. • Firefly QC package was used to evaluate both linear polarizability (α) and first hyperpolarizability (β) tensor components. • The supermolecule approach + oriented gas model was employed to calculate the macroscopic properties of the powder form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of suction on the mechanical behaviour of unsaturated chemically stabilised soils is still mostly unknown and unquantified. This is also motivated by the difficulties associated with the experimental procedure required to fully characterise the unsaturated response of the soil, including its direct influence on traditional strength tests. The present paper presents the soil water retention curves obtained for a Portuguese soil before and after being stabilised with Portland cement (OPC) and an alkali-activated cement (AAC). Saturated undrained triaxial tests were also performed for the same curing conditions (0, 28, and 90 days). Previous attempts to characterise the retention curve of soils stabilised with AAC are unknown, and the results showed that the pore volume structure is already formed after 28 days, prior to the full development of the gel matrix responsible for the strength increase between 28 and 90 days. The curve changed after stabilisation, and with each binder, as the OPC presented a higher air-entry value and a narrower suction range compared to the AAC solution. The significant differences between the curves obtained from each binder suggest the future development of a methodology to assess the quality of the AAC stabilisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydrogen bonds come in a wide range of lengths, strengths and geometries and are one of the major driving forces for supramolecular cohesion in solids. Predictable Hydrogen-bonding synthons are important tools for crystal structure prediction, a computational prediction of the arrangement of molecules in the unit cell, knowing just the molecular structure. Three new crystal structures containing the guanidinium cation and terephthalic acid derivatives are described and inspected for the existence of predominant synthons. The Cambridge Structural Database was surveyed looking for the prevalence of the main synthons in similar systems. Hirshfeld surface analysis and fingerprint plots were computed to identify and analyse the significant intermolecular interactions in the crystal assembling and to distinguish the contribution of the distinct moieties in the crystal structure construction. This study was complemented with molecular electrostatic potential surface calculations. Finally Mulliken population analyses were performed using density functional theory (B3LYP and 311++G(d,p) basis set) to reveal the partial atomic charges of the anions functional groups. Image 1 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]