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Fashion education is caught in a moment of intense transformation. While the fashion industry continues along a reckless path of social and environmental destruction, a new generation of students are activating our educational institutions, demanding real and radical change. Meanwhile, the theoretical field of Fashion Studies has rapidly taken a central position in imagining a new vision of fashion in a global context, re-writing problematic histories, challenging Eurocentric dominance and dismantling prevailing ideologies. This article, in the form of a manifesto for educators, calls for a return to the origins of fashion scholarship within the discipline of British Cultural Studies. It asks what we might learn from Cultural Studies' intersection with Critical Pedagogy as a way to "do" fashion politics within our classrooms. By drawing on initiatives pioneered by the Cultural and Historical Studies Department at London College of Fashion, this manifesto explores how British Cultural Studies can be re-articulated for our current times, in order to forge new alliances between theory and practice, and enact radical action beyond the walls of our academic institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author reflects on the importance of the criminal justice system (CJS) in Great Britain. According to the author, the current separation of systems and copying of information is useless and inefficient. The author also mentions that an effective information exchange happens through system integration and development of a minimum data set of offender health information.

Mothers with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and their infants have been largely neglected in the research literature. This is of concern, given that clinical reports indicate that mothers with BPD have difficulties with sensitive and empathic parenting and that their children are at risk of attachment disorganization. There is little available evidence on the use of interventions with this group of parents despite clinical need. This article describes our experiences in the use of an attachment-focused psychotherapy known as Watch Wait and Wonder for improving the interaction between mothers with a BPD diagnosis and their children. A case example is provided to illustrate one mother's response to the therapy and to highlight specific issues in clinical intervention for this group of parents and possible modifications of approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Parents diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD) are likely to find the emotional aspects of parenting challenging. Research into the difficulties that these parents experience, however, is lacking. The aims of the present study were to (i) gain an understanding of the interactional patterns of mothers with BPD and their infants and (ii) to explore the parenting perceptions of mothers with BPD. Method: Two groups of mother-infant dyads were recruited: mothers with BPD and their infants; and community mothers and their infants. Groups were compared on mother-infant interaction patterns and on maternal self-perceptions of parenting. Results: Mothers with BPD were found to be less sensitive and demonstrated less structuring in their interaction with their infants, and their infants were found to be less attentive, less interested and less eager to interact with their mother. Furthermore, mothers with BPD reported being less satisfied, less competent and more distressed. Conclusions: Early intervention needs to be provided to mothers with BPD to promote maternal sensitivity and maternal perceptions of competence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reviews parenting issues for mothers with a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder. Motivation for parenting, conflicts and challenges associated with parenting and outcomes for infant and child development are considered. Implications for current therapeutic practice with families are outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using a randomized controlled design, the efficacy of a self-directed psychosocial intervention with minimal therapist contact, aimed at reducing the symptoms of adult ADHD, was examined. Following the intervention, the treatment group reported significantly reduced ADHD symptomatology; improved organizational skills; improved self esteem and better anger control, when compared to waiting list controls. Comorbid anxiety, depression, high levels of stress and learning problems, did not effect treatment outcome. Improvements in ADHD symptomatology and organizational skills were maintained at a 2-month follow-up. Although the programme was successful, close adherence to the programme was necessary for optimum treatment gains. These findings build upon an earlier study that used a more intensive form of programme delivery and support the view that psychosocial interventions can enhance daily functioning for adult ADHD. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This is the first systematic examination of the efficacy of a cognitive remediation programme (CRP) for management of adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The CRP was designed to target problems commonly associated with adult ADHD, namely, attention problems, poor motivation, poor organizational skills, impulsivity, reduced anger control and low self-esteem. Method: In a randomized, controlled trial, a representative sample of adults with ADHD (some medicated, some not) were assigned to either a CRP (n = 22) or a waiting list control (n = 21). The CRP was delivered in an intensive format with eight two-hour, weekly sessions with support people who acted as coaches, and participant workbooks with homework exercises. Results: Participants who completed the CRP reported reduced ADHD symptomatology (effect size (d) = 1.4), improved organizational skills (d = 1.2) and reduced levels of anger (d = 0.5). Clinically significant improvements in ADHD symptomatology (d = 1.4) and organizational skills (d = 1.3) were maintained one year after the intervention. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the CRP provides a practical way of enhancing daily functioning for adults with ADHD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The majority of the world's total prison population resides in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), but most research into the prevalence of mental illness and suicide risk comes from high-income countries (HIC). The provision of mental health care varies widely across prisons in LMIC, with reported disparity between high levels of need and funding, resources and services. This rapid review aims to explore the existing evidence-base relating to suicide and mental health prevalence in prisons in LMIC. A total of 2,799 published and grey literature were identified through systematic searches, with 35 papers included in the final review. The prevalence of suicide ideation was lower among prisoners in LMIC than HIC, with common mental illness, severe mental illness, and substance misuse more prevalent among LMIC prisoners. Rates of suicide ideation and common mental illness were higher among females than males. These findings highlight the need for dedicated research using LMIC samples and consideration of resources within LMIC prisons. The results of this analysis can be used to inform next steps to tackle the high level of unmet mental health needs amongst prisoner populations in LMIC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Reducing avoidable healthcare-associated harm is a global health priority. Progress in evaluating the burden and aetiology of avoidable harm in prisons is limited compared with other healthcare sectors. To address this gap, this study aimed to develop a definition of avoidable harm to facilitate future epidemiological studies in prisons. Methods: Using a sequential mixed methods study design we first characterised and reached consensus on the types and avoidability of patient harm in prison healthcare involving analysis of 151 serious prison incidents reported to the Strategic Executive Information System (StEIS) followed by in-depth nominal group (NG) discussions with four former service users and four prison professionals. Findings of the NG discussions and StEIS analysis were then synthesised and discussed among the research team and study oversight groups to develop an operational definition of avoidable harm in prison healthcare which was subsequently tested and validated using prison patient safety incident report data derived from the National Reporting and Learning System (NRLS). Results: Analysis of StEIS incident reports and NG discussions identified important factors influencing avoidable harm which reflected the unique prison setting, including health care delivery issues and constraints associated with the secure environment which limited access to care. These findings informed the development of a new working two-tier definition of avoidable harm using appropriate and timely intervention, which included an additional assessment of harm avoidability taking into the account the prison regime and environment. The definition was compatible with the NRLS incident report narratives and illustrated how the prison environment may influence identification of avoidable harm and judgements of avoidability. Conclusions: We have developed a working definition of avoidable harm in prison health care that enables consideration of caveats associated with prison environments and systems. Our definition enables future studies of the safety of prison healthcare to standardise outcome measurement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is a condition that readily responds to medication, yet this does not help children to acquire appropriate social and cognitive skills. At least part of this may be a consequence of the transgenerational aspect of ADHD. As with childhood ADHD, the primary approach to management of adult ADHD is medication. However, there are numerous reasons for using or even preferring psychological interventions in adults; for example, adults are often self-referred, highly motivated and ready for change.

Cognitive-behavioural parenting programs provide caregivers with alternative strategies to harsh disciplining practices but the choice of programs that are evidence-based in Australia is limited. Australian community service workers suggest that having a choice of evidence-based programs is important when matching programs to client needs, and that 1-2-3 Magic is a program used widely in Australia despite its small Australian evidence base. The efficacy of the 1-2-3 Magic program has previously been shown in a controlled trial in an Australian university research setting but little is known about its effectiveness in a "real-world" setting. This study examined a three-session group-format of the Australian 1-2-3 Magic & Emotion Coaching program in a typical metropolitan community service setting. Thirty-eight caregivers with children aged 2–6 years reported a significant decrease in disruptive child behaviour (ECBI), permissive parenting (PS), and parental depression and stress (DASS) from pre- to post-intervention, with results maintained at 3-month follow-up. While these findings suggest that a brief 1-2-3 Magic program is beneficial, it is important to note that methodological limitations (intervention-group only study design and possible confounding variables) do not allow ruling out alternative causes for these improvements. Further research will be needed to confirm that this program can generalise to "real-world" settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Older prisoners are the fastest growing incarcerated sub-group. They have more complex health and social care needs than both younger prisoners and their age-matched peers living in the community. Prisoners who have been recently released are at enhanced risk in terms of their physical and mental health. Consequently, there is a need for timely, multi-disciplinary release planning. The aim of this study was to explore the health and social care needs of older male adults discharged from prison into the community. Qualitative interviews were carried out with prisoners with four weeks left to serve (N=62), with follow-up interviews conducted four weeks after release (N=45). Participants were selected from nine prisons in the North of England. The constant comparison method was used to analyse the data. Older prisoners perceived release planning to be non-existent. There was a reported lack of formal communication and continuity of care, causing high levels of anxiety. Older prisoners experienced high levels of anxiety about the prospect of living in probation-approved premises; however, those who did go on to live in probation-approved premises had their immediate health and social care needs better met than those who did not move into such accommodation. Release planning for older prisoners is generally inadequate and there is currently a missed opportunity to address the needs of this vulnerable group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Older prisoners are the fastest growing incarcerated sub-group. They have more complex health and social care needs than both younger prisoners and their age-matched peers living in the community. Prisoners who have been recently released are at enhanced risk in terms of their physical and mental health. Consequently, there is a need for timely, multi-disciplinary release planning. The aim of this study was to explore the health and social care needs of older male adults discharged from prison into the community. Qualitative interviews were carried out with prisoners with four weeks left to serve (N=62), with follow-up interviews conducted four weeks after release (N=45). Participants were selected from nine prisons in the North of England. The constant comparison method was used to analyse the data. Older prisoners perceived release planning to be non-existent. There was a reported lack of formal communication and continuity of care, causing high levels of anxiety. Older prisoners experienced high levels of anxiety about the prospect of living in probation-approved premises; however, those who did go on to live in probation-approved premises had their immediate health and social care needs better met than those who did not move into such accommodation. Release planning for older prisoners is generally inadequate and there is currently a missed opportunity to address the needs of this vulnerable group. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The current study examined the effectiveness of a self-directed video-based format of the 1-2-3 Magic parenting program in reducing dysfunctional parenting and child problem behaviors. Eighty-four parents of children aged 2-10 were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 43) or the waitlist control group (n = 41). Participants in the intervention group reported significantly less problem behaviors for their children, and significantly less dysfunctional parenting, at post-intervention when compared to the control group. The results were maintained at 6-month follow-up. There was no significant change on measures of parental adjustment for either group. The current results provide preliminary support for the conclusion that the video-based self-directed format of the 1-2-3 Magic parenting program is suitable as an entry-level intervention in a multi-level intervention model and is suitable for inclusion in a population approach to parenting program delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: 'Engager' is an innovative 'through-the-gate' complex care intervention for male prison-leavers with common mental health problems. In parallel to the randomised-controlled trial of Engager (Trial registration number: ISRCTN11707331), a set of process evaluation analyses were undertaken. This paper reports on the depth multiple case study analysis part of the process evaluation, exploring how a sub-sample of prison-leavers engaged and responded to the intervention offer of one-to-one support during their re-integration into the community. Methods: To understand intervention delivery and what response it elicited in individuals, we used a realist-informed qualitative multiple 'case' studies approach. We scrutinised how intervention component delivery lead to outcomes by examining underlying causal pathways or 'mechanisms' that promoted or hindered progress towards personal outcomes. 'Cases' (n = 24) were prison-leavers from the intervention arm of the trial. We collected practitioner activity logs and conducted semi-structured interviews with prison-leavers and Engager/other service practitioners. We mapped data for each case against the intervention logic model and then used Bhaskar's (2016) 'DREIC' analytic process to categorise cases according to extent of intervention delivery, outcomes evidenced, and contributing factors behind engagement or disengagement and progress achieved. Results: There were variations in the dose and session focus of the intervention delivery, and how different participants responded. Participants sustaining long-term engagement and sustained change reached a state of 'crises but coping'. We found evidence that several components of the intervention were key to achieving this: trusting relationships, therapeutic work delivered well and over time; and an in-depth shared understanding of needs, concerns, and goals between the practitioner and participants. Those who disengaged were in one of the following states: 'Crises and chaos', 'Resigned acceptance', 'Honeymoon' or 'Wilful withdrawal'. Conclusions: We demonstrate that the 'implementability' of an intervention can be explained by examining the delivery of core intervention components in relation to the responses elicited in the participants. Core delivery mechanisms often had to be 'triggered' numerous times to produce sustained change. The improvements achieved, sustained, and valued by participants were not always reflected in the quantitative measures recorded in the RCT. The compatibility between the practitioner, participant and setting were continually at risk of being undermined by implementation failure as well as changing external circumstances and participants' own weaknesses. Trial registration number: ISRCTN11707331, Wales Research Ethics Committee, Registered 02-04-2016—Retrospectively registered https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN11707331. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This study investigated the effectiveness of the 1-2-3 Magic parenting program, a brief cognitive-behavioral program, when delivered to large groups of caregivers. The effectiveness of two versions of the programs in reducing child problem behaviors and dysfunctional parenting, and the effect on emotion-related parenting style, were examined. Ninety-two participants with 2–12-year-old children were randomly assigned to one of three groups: DVD (n = 31); Emotion-coaching (EC) (n = 31); or Waitlist-control (n = 30). Both intervention groups reported significantly decreased child problem behaviors, dysfunctional parenting, parental depression and parental stress at post-intervention as compared to the control group. Additionally, the DVD group reported decreased parental anxiety, and the EC group reported a decrease in emotion-dismissing parenting style. Emotion-coaching parenting style remained unchanged for all groups at post-intervention. The results were maintained after three months. After two years, all intervention effects were maintained for the DVD group. For the EC group, effects were maintained on the main outcome variables. The results suggest that both 1-2-3 Magic programs are effective at reducing child problem behavior and dysfunctional parenting when delivered to large groups of caregivers, and that both programs are suitable for a broad delivery approach. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Objective. Typical parenting programs require considerable time inputs, which can be a significant barrier to program access. Here we assessed whether a brief behavioral parenting program, 1-2-3 Magic, would be effective in reducing disruptive behavior and ADHD symptoms in school-aged children with ADHD and dysfunctional parenting in their parents. Design. Fifty-seven parents of children aged 6–12 years were randomly allocated to the treatment group (n= 28) or waitlist-control group (n= 29). Treatment-group parents participated in the 1-2-3 Magic group program over three consecutive weeks. Treatment-group data were collected at pre-, post-intervention, and 6-month follow-up, and control-group data were collected at pre- and post-intervention, with child and parental behavior change assessed using the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory, Parent Stress Index, and Conners. Results. Parents in the treatment-group reported less child disruptive behavior, reduced child ADHD symptom severity, and less dysfunctional parenting at post-intervention compared with controls. Post-intervention results indicated that the major intervention effects were maintained at the 6-month follow-up. Conclusions. Findings provide preliminary treatment efficacy for this brief behavioral parenting intervention for school-aged children with ADHD and their parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Older prisoners are the fastest growing subgroup in the English and Welsh prison estate. Older prisoners have high levels of health and social care needs. This mixed-method study involved the distribution of a questionnaire examining the availability of health and social care services for older prisoners to all prisons housing adult males in England and Wales, followed by qualitative telephone interviews with representatives from eight prisons. Over half of establishments had some contact with external social care services, but reported significant difficulties in arranging the care for individuals. A professional lead for older prisoners had been identified in 81% of establishments; however, the value of this role to positively affect practice appeared questionable. Statutory social care was often non-existent in prison due to the lack of understanding of what it constituted and who was responsible for its provision. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In the UK, the Mental Health Act 1983 allows for the transfer of prisoners to hospital for treatment of acute mental illness. Historically, this process has been problematic with long delays. The Department of Health has produced guidance to encourage significant improvements in transfer delays. The research comprised: a clinical assessment of the psychiatric symptoms of prisoners awaiting transfer, an audit of transfer times, and interviews with key stakeholders. Prisoners awaiting transfer were severely ill with a mean score of 65 (range 25–120) measured by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Transfers were completed on average in 42 days. Barriers in the process included: communication difficulties, bed availability, a clash in organisational cultures, as well as security, clinical and assessment disputes. Since the guidance there has been a marked improvement transfer times. However, remaining difficulties within the transfer process are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this paper is to present the findings of a survey of consumers of mental health services who are working (in either paid or unpaid positions) in NSW Health and in the Non Government Organisation sector in NSW. Method: A survey was distributed through the NSW Consumer Advisory Group newsletter to elicit the roles and assess the training needs of consumer employees, as well as those who were working in voluntary capacities as consumer representatives, within the mental health system in NSW. Results: Many mental health consumers have been placed in the untenable position of being engaged in representation and/or advocacy roles with unclear job descriptions and no training. The majority of consumers want a code of ethics and performance standards for consumer workers. Conclusions: The rhetoric of consumer participation is not matched by effective and timely strategies that ensure that consumer involvement is underpinned by relevant training and supportive infrastructure. The goal of meaningful consumer participation in mental health services, as outlined in policy, is yet to be achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]