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The factors contributing to the strategic significance of a port can be comprehended by assessing its military, political, and economic capabilities. Accordingly, this study aims to determine and examine the strategic significance of Iskenderun port and its benefits to the Turkish Navy. To systematically comprehend and impartially assess the benefits and strategic significance of the port, other naval powers in the region are also examined. Based on an analysis of historical documents and secondary sources, argued this study that the Iskenderun port has the potential to act as a deterrent and give the Turkish Navy a psychological advantage in terms of controlling the sea and intervening in events in the Eastern Mediterranean. The Iskenderun Bay's' geographical advantages pose significant challenges for potential threats against the Turkish Navy and hinder the intelligence collecting efforts of hostile groups. It is important to emphasizes that Iskenderun port will allow for the ability to intervene in incidents using a reduced military presence inwith the context of force projection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thessaloniki was seen as a very strategic place politically and economically for many states, and the capture of Thessaloniki gave that state power and prestige in the context of the Aegean Sea and the Balkans. Although Thessaloniki remained under Turkish rule for many years, the extraordinary conditions brought about by the First Balkan War prevented the Ottoman Empire from transferring enough power there. Our study deals with the attacks on Muslim Turks in the city by Greek and Bulgarian soldiers after the capture of Thessaloniki by the Greeks, through the German consulate in the city. Our study, which also reflects the diplomatic power of Germany in the twentieth century, also showed the Turkish-German alliance before the First World War. The reports of the German consul in Thessaloniki, which is the source of our study, were obtained from the Balkankrieg (1912-1913): Grausamkeiten in der Kriegführung catalog in the Archive of the German Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Politisches Archiv des Auswärtigen Amts) and its translation was carried out by. These reports, which we obtained from the 1912-1913 catalog in the archive of the German foreign ministry, include the events such as looting, pillaging and killing of Muslim Turks in the city, but also in a sense, why the Greeks and Bulgarians resorted to such a way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although developments in the Balkans were important in process leading up to the First World War, Romania's military power, the strategic importance of tje Constanta Port all on the radar of Germany -one of most powerful states of that period. The Romanian army's victory in Second Balkan War was a priority in determining balances in Balkans before the First World War. Moreover, its military deterrent was a key issue that would end up dictating which political power would eventually dominate the Balkans. On the other hand, the Constanta Port, proved instrumental in determining the weight of Russia in the Balkans, as well as in offering it economic benefits via export of Romanian oil abroad. The port was at an advantage position-wise because it connected Ottoman Empire with Germany, and because it defended the Black Sea Strait in the North during the First World War. In this study, we shall analyse pre-WWI Romania's military capacity as well as the strategic importance of Constanta Port using German sources. We will also take a look at what lead to the Romanian army's defeat during the war, and why Constanta Port was so significant in bringing balance to the Black Sea region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Germany's famous Berliner Tageblatt und Handels Zeitung newspaper intensively continued its news and articles in the First World War and after Bulgaria joined the war alongside Germany, ıt sent his reporter Leo Lederer to Varna and it included Lederer's observations on Varna on his pages. Bulgaria was involved in the war on September 6, 1915, when the Ottoman Empire and Germany were squeezed against Russia in the Black Sea and Varna port was also come under the control of Germany in this context. The fact that the Varna port came under the control of Germany also reduced the burden on the Ottoman navy and shipyard in Istanbul in the struggle against Russia in the Black Sea and and at the same time, it opened another front against Russia in the Black Sea. As a result of the work carried out by German officers coming from Berlin and Istanbul, the port of Varna was turned into a more fortified location and the Russian navy was prevented from fully dominating the North-West Black Sea. The aim of this study is to make a comprehensive assessment of the impact of the Varna port in the war by showing the equipment of the port of Varna, which had a strategically important presence during the First World War (1915-1916) from the perspective of journalist Leo Lederer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]