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The price clustering phenomenon manifesting itself as an increased occurrence of specific prices is widely observed and well documented for various financial instruments and markets. In the literature, however, it is rarely incorporated into price models. We consider that there are several types of agents trading only in specific multiples of the tick size resulting in an increased occurrence of these multiples in prices. For example, stocks on the NYSE and NASDAQ exchanges are traded with precision to one cent but multiples of five cents and ten cents occur much more often in prices. To capture this behavior, we propose a discrete price model based on a mixture of double Poisson distributions with dynamic volatility and dynamic proportions of agent types. The model is estimated by the maximum likelihood method. In an empirical study of DJIA stocks, we find that higher instantaneous volatility leads to weaker price clustering at the ultra-high frequency. This is in sharp contrast with results at low frequencies which show that daily realized volatility has a positive impact on price clustering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While working with data, we typically utilize four basic operations: Create, Read, Update, and Delete. These functions, used altogether with a persistent storage, are encapsulated into the acronym CRUD. Although the data functions are easy for machines, people have to use them through a user interface and its components. Even though some of these components are standardized (for example, HTML forms), their visual representation is highly customized among devices and technologies. Concerning users, subjective preferences are taken into account as well. As a result, the efficiency of working with data can be affected by choosing appropriate components and their attributes, such as colors. Choosing the right colors, we can work with data faster and more effectively, utilizing users' expectations, understanding, and perception. We developed a publicly accessible Software Ergonomics Testing Platform. Through running experiments worldwide, we found out that users have a prior expectation about colors used for CRUD operations. Results show that there is a strong consensus on the color preference for the delete operation with color red being voted by 64 % users worldwide. On the other hand, color preferences for update operation strongly differ among continents. The impact of temporary weather conditions to color preference seems to be negligible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A click chemistry approach based on the reaction between alkynylflavins and mono(6-azido-6-deoxy)-β-cyclodextrin has proven to be a useful tool for the synthesis of flavin-cyclodextrin conjugates studied as monooxygenase mimics in enantioselective sulfoxidations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]