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This article focuses on a study that shows that epicardial fibroblast injection modifies electrical conduction in atrial myocardium. The creation of atrial lines of block is the aim of a treatment of atrial fibrillation. Several approaches to create linear conduction block have been used, but the most effective, permanent, and least destructive method has yet to be determined. ADF can engraft and survive for at least 4 to 6 weeks after transplantation, without complication. Injections in RA myocardium are feasible, despite the thin wall.

This article focuses on study related to autologous fibroblast transplantation into myocardial infarcts in pigs. Ventricular dysfunction is associated with lethal arrhythmias, secondary to non-uniformity of myocardial electrophysiology and abnormal conduction pattern. ADF engraft in ischemic myocardium and are associated with a reduction in arrhythmic episodes and arrhythmogenicity. Autologous cell transplant has potential to either worsen or supress arrhythmic tendency depending on effects on electrophysiological heterogeneity.