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40 years ago, the Latin American bishops convened in Puebla to reflect upon and point towards new pastoral horizons and theological construction. This article conveys the dynamism, strength, and vigor of the message emanating from that meeting. Puebla gave clues of a new theology that, adhering to the Latin American method, can respond to the problems that question us with unprecedented vigor and invite us to envision new routes, fields of new approaches, and ways yet unpaved. The message arising from Puebla continues to be current. It opens up hope of new theological construction seeking to give a new dimension to its task, understand God's action in history differently, as well as the human condition and its relation to nature. We live in a plural context, broad and open to the construction of theologies able to offer new interpretations of God's revelation and action, a propitious moment to rethink theological efforts, regarding the challenges presented by Puebla. In this horizon, theological work should be understood from the experience of faith and fundamental openness of the being to God's creative and salvific action, in the gratuity of filiation in the Son and not as a mere intellective obligation of the Christian faith. Puebla presents, not only for the Latin American people, but for the church in general, a reflection in which we are constantly reminded that human beings can transform situations of injustice into opportunities for liberation, forgiveness and mercy. It is up to every Christian to undertake a path of trustful commitment, marked by a spirit of solidarity and responsibility towards his or her neighbour. In this way one can make known the face of God of whom Puebla speaks and who cries out for justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Visual attention is a cognitive skill related to visual perception and neural activity, and also moderated by expertise, in time-constrained professional domains (e.g., aviation, driving, sport, surgery). However, the contribution of both perceptual and neural processes on performance has been studied separately in the literature. Development: We defend an integration of visual and neural signals to offer a more complete picture of the visual attention displayed by professionals of different skill levels when performing free-viewing tasks. Specifically, we propose to zoom the analysis in data related to the quiet eye and P300 component jointly, as a novel signal processing approach to evaluate professionals' visual attention. Conclusion: This review highlights the advantages of using portable eye trackers and electroencephalogram systems altogether, as a promising technique for a better understanding of early cognitive components related to attentional processes. Altogether, the eye-fixation-related potentials method may provide a better understanding of the cognitive mechanisms employed by the participants in natural settings, revealing what visual information is of interest for participants and distinguishing the neural bases of visual attention between targets and non-targets whenever they perceive a stimulus during free viewing experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence and identification of bacterial microorganisms in uterus from slaughtered cows. Thirty-two samples of uterine lavage were obtained, these samples were used to inoculate blood agar and McConkey agar culture media, subsequently these underwent Gram staining for classification in Gram-positive and Gram-negative. A Catalase test, besides a mannitol salt agar culture and coagulase, were performed to the Gram-positive bacteria, while to the Gram-negative bacteria, the IMViC tests were performed. 100% of the samples showed bacterial isolation; from these, 40.62% were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (SCN), likely epidermis species, representing the highest frequency of bacterial isolates (P <0.05). Among the Gram-negative isolates Salmonella spp. prevailed with 15.62% and 12.5% for Escherichia coli. The results demonstrate that, in the uterus from slaughtered cows at the slaughterhouse, bacterial organisms, live as part of normal microbiota of the uterus, however, these bacteria are also described as opportunistic pathogens that cause different degrees of uterine infection, which may be related with reproductive tract infections, and adverse effects on fertility, encouraging the animal sacrifice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The two-dimensional spin crossover (SCO) polymers [Fe(3-Fpy)2M(CN)4] (MII= Ni(1), Pd(2), Pt(3)) were nanostructured in the form of nanocrystals and nanoparticles, and their chemical, structural, and physical characterization was carried out using different experimental methods (powder X-ray diffraction, magnetic susceptibility measurements, Mössbauer and infrared spectroscopy, transmission and scanning electronic microscopy, etc.). Surfactant-free nanocrystals of average dimensions 400 × 400 × 30 nm (1a, 1a*, 2a, 3a) were synthesized from water in oil microemulsions (w/o) while nanoparticles of average size 200 × 100, 100 × 60, and 70 × 30 nm were obtained in poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) coating polymer (1b−1d, 2b, 2b′, and 3b). The spin crossover process is drastically influenced by the dimensions of the crystal/particle. Nanocrystals of 1−3exhibit a quasi complete first-order spin transition centered within the interval 200−225 K, while PVP-coated nanoparticles undergo continuous second order spin transition at much lower temperatures (ca. 160 K). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy has been used to study reaction centre (RC) chlorophyll triplet quenching by carotenoid in intact photosystem II cores from T. elongatuswith closed RCs. We found a triplet β-carotene (3Car) signal (absorption difference maximum at 530 nm) that is sensitized by the RC chlorophyll (Chl) triplet with a formation time of ca.190 ns, has a decay time of 7 μs and is formed with a quantum yield between 10 and 20%. The 3Car signal is assigned to the β-carotene on the D2branch of the RC. We thus propose a new photoprotection mechanism operative in closed RCs where—as a consequence of the negative charge on the quinone QA—the triplet chlorophyll (3Chl) is formed by the radical pair (RP) mechanism on the normally inactive D2branch where it can be subsequently quenched by the D2β-carotene. We suggest that the D2branch becomes active when the RCs are closed under high light fluence conditions. Under these conditions the D2branch plays a photoprotective role. This interpretation allows combining many seemingly inconsistent observations in the literature and reveals the so far missing RC triplet quenching mechanism in photosystem II. The newly proposed mechanism also explains the reason why this RC triplet quenching is not observed in isolated D1-D2-cyt b559RCs. If QAis either not present at all (as in the isolated RC) or is not charged (as in open RCs or with doubly reduced QA) then the RC 3Chl is formed on the D1branch. The D1branch 3Chl can not be quenched due to the large distance to the β-carotene. This interpretation is actually in line with the well-known 3RC quenching mechanism in bacterial RCs, where also the carotenoid in the (analogous to the D2branch) B-branch of the RC becomes the quencher. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Se presenta una ponencia sobre la importancia de las revistas seriadas académicas relativas a la teología. El autor asevera que, desde los años 1970, la teología se ha vuelto más dinámico y su expresión más plural debido al desafío complejo de la sociedad contemporánea, las características de la fe moderna y la tendencia a exigir que las publicaciones teológicas se legitimen en un contexto científico.

Time-resolved laser-induced optoacoustic spectroscopy was used for the determination of the enthalpy, TH, and structural volume changes, TV, concomitant with triplet state formation upon excitation of meso-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin, TSPP4-, as well as with the triplet state electron-transfer (ET) quenching by benzoquinone, BQ (RHand RV). The values of THand TVfor 3TSPP4-formation in the presence of different cations (Li, Na, K, NH4, and Cs) correlated with each other and afforded a value of TG 140 ± 20 kJ mol-1, equal to the value of ETat 77 K, but much larger than the THvalues in solution at room temperature, due to the large entropic factor in solution. The influence of the cations on THand TV(a contraction ranging from 5.4 to 3.8 cm3mol-1) is attributed to changing chromophore−water interactions in the ground and triplet states. Upon quenching of 3TSPP4-by BQ, the quantum yield of free radical formation, R 0.66 ± 0.04, is the same in the solutions of the five cations. The values of RHand RVare small and have a large error. The energy level of the free radicals formed is thus very similar to that of 3TSPP4-. TRSand XTRS/RV, i.e., the structural volume change-normalized entropy change for free radicals formation, were derived using average values of RHand RVtogether with the calculated RG°. The measured Marcus reorganization energy, , and X fall into the vsXlinear dependence we previously found for the radical formation upon ET quenching of triplet flavins (3FMN and 3FAD) by amines and amino acids. Thus, XTRS/RVin aqueous solutions is a property of the particular donor−acceptor pair linearly correlated to the corresponding Marcus reorganization energy. The value of Xis much larger than the predicted value applying the electrostriction concepts in view of the noncontinuum nature of the aqueous solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The vegetable ozonized oils are a new alternative to treat humans and animals against pathogens, due to their antimicrobial capacity. The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial effect of olive ozonized oil against Listeria monocytogenes. Three different ozonized oils were used: T1: olive ozonized oil stored for 6 months at 4°C, T2: olive ozonized oil produced in the moment of the test, and a commercial ozonized oil (Oleozon®). The peroxide index of the oils was determined using a volumetric method. Also, the antimicrobial activity was evaluated using a diffusion method with different concentrations of the inocula. The peroxide index was in a range of 400 to 490 mmol/kg and 500 to 800 mmol/kg for the T2 and Oleozon® oils, respectively. All the ozonized oils showed antimicrobial effect, finding that the higher activity was presented with a lower concentration of the inocula. The commercial oil has a significant difference (p<0.05) respect to the T1 and T2 oils, having a higher effect. On the other hand, the T1 and T2 treatments did not show significant differences between them, whence the storage at this conditions did not affect the antimicrobial effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Spanish Society of Rheumatology (SER), through a multidiscipline task force, bas elaborated a document with specific recommendations for specialists in Rheumatology, emphasizing the special needs of patients with rheumatic diseases, with the objective of informing and orienting health professionals about the current influenza A/H1N1 virus pandemic. All of the recommendations are based on prior documents elaborated by the Ministry of Health and Social Policy task forces, as well as those from the autonomous communities, which are themselves based on the guidelines and documents routinely published by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in the US, this being the center designated by WHO for the coordination of efforts against the pandemic. All rheumatologists and potential users of these recommendations are encouraged to consult the original documents, as well as the general guidelines established at each health center. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]