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The quality of combine harvester work in the rye harvest is reflected in terms of the amount of realized losses and quality of harvested grain weight. The quality of combine harvester work depends on several factors: the condition of the crop, defining the relevant parameters for combines, technical correctness and staff skills. Quality of work is significantly decrease when key parameters are not well coordinated, resulting in increased losses of rye grain and a high proportion of impurities in harvested mass in the harvester bunker. The aim was to determine the effects of combines ZMAJ 135B and ZMAJ 143 in the rye harvest in the observed area. Work method determines the loss on the header and harvesting device depending on the changes: peripheral winches speed; combine speed, underdrum-drum distance at the entrance and evaluating the quality of harvested weight (content of whole, broken, poorly grains and other particles). Header losses were determined using a wire frame of 1m², located after the passage of the side behind the combine header and harvesting device by setting the appropriate container, during harvester motion, between front and rear wheels at an angle of 10- 20° in regard to the movement direction. The quality of harvested mass was determined by taking samples from the harvester bunker and the determination of the percentage content of healthy (whole), broken grains and impurities was performed later in the laboratory. The applied methodology is standard for this issue and is related to field-testing laboratory and exploitation wheat combine in the single-phase rye grain harvesting. The obtained results allow to point out the advantages and disadvantages of the applied concepts of different wheat combine. Header largest losses were registered in the device combines ZMAJ 143 and were 25.77 kg ha-1 (1.18%) and lowest in combine ZMAJ 135B, amounting to 14.76 kg ha (0.65%-1). The highest content of whole rye grain was in combine ZMAJ 135B and amounted to 97.34 in 1500, and the lowest in combine ZMAJ 132 94.59%. Based on these results it was concluded that the ZMAJ 135B harvester worked better than the harvester ZMAJ 143, with lower losses of rye grain on the harvester unit header, and higher content of whole grain with a significantly lower share of impurities in relation to other investigated harvester. The general conclusion of our research is that harvester ZMAJ 135B can be successfully used in rye harvest in a given area and with proper optimization of labor exploitation and operator training can gain full expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Observed through agronomic and economic significance, cereals represent the most important group of field plants, and the protein content in grain is the most important chemical parameter of complex grain quality. The research was conducted in order to determine the influence of the variety and different doses of nitrogen on the grain yield and protein content in triticale grain. The experiment, set up according to a random block system in four replications on eutric cambisol soil in the north of Montenegro, included five varieties of winter triticale (Odyssey, Kg-20, Triumph, Rtanj and Tango). In addition to the control (variant without fertilization), four more fertilization variants were applied. The results of the research showed that the application of fertilizers has a significant influence on the values of the observed traits on the one hand, but also that the grain yield and protein content in the grain is largely conditioned by the genotype. In this regard, the highest average protein content in the grain had the variety Triumph in both tested years. The protein content of all tested varieties was significantly lower in the control variant compared to the fertilized variants. The highest grain yield in the first year had the variety Tango while the highest yielding variety in the second year was variety Rtanj. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Structural, reactive, H 2 adsorption and charge transfer properties of graphane nanoparticles modified with boron atom have been investigated using the combination of density functional theory (DFT) calculations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Studies of reactivity encompassed calculations of molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) and average local ionization energy (ALIE) descriptors. It has been demonstrated by these quantum-molecular descriptors that reactivity of studied systems significantly increases in the near vicinity of boron dopants. Adsorption properties of studied graphane and its derivative nanoparticles have been performed towards the hydrogen molecules, in order to assess the potential of studied structures in the area of clean energy sources. Results indicate that introduction of boron atoms greatly improves the H 2 binding energies. Symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT) calculations enabled us to decompose the interaction energy to physical contributions and to better understand the influence of boron atoms to the H 2 adsorption properties. Charge transfer rates and charge mobilities have been calculated according to Marcus semi-empiric approach. Optoelectronic properties of studied nanostructures have been compared to that of pentacene molecule, in order to further draw attention to their potential for practical applications in materials science area. The influence of size of the graphane nanoparticles was also taken into account and calculations show that both reorganization energies and Δ E ( S 1 − T 1 ) parameter decrease with the increase in size. In case of the largest pristine graphane nanoparticle considered in this work, the electron reorganization energy is lower than in case of the pentacene, while Δ E ( S 1 − T 1 ) parameter has very low value of just 0.05 eV. Image 10451 • DFT, SAPT and MD study of graphane nanoparticles modified with boron atoms. • Charge transfer rates of holes increase as a consequence of boron doping. • Reorganization energies and ΔE(S1-T1) parameter decrease with the increase of size of pristine nanoparticles. • The largest pristine graphane nanoparticle has electron reorganization energy lower than that of pentacene. • Predicted graphane nanoparticles with ΔE(S1-T1) parameter lower than 0.1 eV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]