Search

Background: Ocular foreign bodies (OFBs) are a relatively common occurrence in ocular injuries, and a severe risk factor for vision disorders. They are notoriously challenging to identify and localize precisely to allow surgical removal, even with the most recent technological advancements. Purpose: To compare the efficiency of different imaging methods in detecting and localizing OFBs. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients with OFBs, detected by ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and confirmed during surgery. Patients who presented to our medical center between January 2016 and January 2022 and also underwent computed tomography (CT), X ray, and/or ocular B‐scan ultrasonography (B‐scans) were selected. Results: This study included 134 patients with a history of ocular trauma and OFBs (mean age: 47.25 years, range: 8–78). The mean time interval from injury to UBM examination was 36.31 months (range: 0.2–120 months). Most OFBs were metallic (51.82%) or plant‐based (25.37%); 22.39% of them were located in the sclera, 26.87% in the anterior chamber, and 23.88% in the ciliary body and iris. OFBs ranged in size from 0.10 to 6.67 mm (mean: 1.15 ± 1.10 mm). B‐scans identified OFBs in 37 of the 119 patients examined (31.09%); CT in 52 of 84 patients (61.90%); and radiography in 29 of 50 patients (58.00%). Univariate and multivariate analyses determined that both CT and radiography showed low detection rates for plant‐based versus non‐plant‐based OFBs (CT: p < 0.001; radiography: p = 0.007), small particles (<1.00 mm vs. >1.00 mm; CT: p = 0.001, radiography: p = 0.024), and with eyeball wall locations (vs. intraocular; CT: p < 0.001, radiography: p = 0.021). Similarly, B‐scans were less efficient for plant‐based and eyeball wall‐located OFBs (both p = 0.001), whereas the difference based on dimensions was not significant (p = 0.118). Conclusions: CT, radiography, and B‐scans showed lower detection rates for plant‐based, small, and eyeball wall‐located OFBs. Our findings strongly suggest that UBM could be a more adequate imaging modality when such OFBs are suspected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Little is known about the value of dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) in combination with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for the differentiation of lacrimal gland tumors. Purpose: To evaluate the ability of DCE and DWI in differentiating lacrimal gland tumors. Material and Methods: DCE and DWI were performed in 72 patients with lacrimal gland tumors. Time-intensity curve (TIC) patterns were categorized as type A, type B, type C, and type D. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was measured on DWI. Then, the diagnostic effectiveness of TIC in conjunction with ADC was assessed using classification and regression tree (CART) analysis. Results: Type A tumors were all epithelial; they could be further separated into pleomorphic adenoma sand carcinomas. Type B tumors were all non-epithelial tumors, which could be further separated into benign inflammatory infiltrates (BIIs) and lymphomas. Type C tumors contained both carcinomas and non-epithelial tumors, which could be diagnosed into carcinomas, BIIs and lymphomas. Type D tumors were all PAs. The mean ADC of epithelial tumors was significantly higher than that of non-epithelial tumors, and the mean ADC values were significantly different between PAs and carcinomas. Besides, the mean ADC value of BIIs was higher than that of lymphomas. Therefore, the CART decision tree made by ADC and TIC had a predictive accuracy of 86.1%, differentiating lacrimal gland tumors effectively. Conclusion: Combined DCE and DWI-MRI can efficiently differentiate lacrimal gland tumors which can be of help to ophthalmologists in the diagnosis and treatment of these tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose To investigate the role of readout-segmented echo-planar imaging using parallel imaging and a two-dimensional (2D) navigator (RESOLVE) in the evaluation of sinonasal lesions and to qualitatively and quantitatively compare the image qualities of single-shot echo-planar imaging (SS-EPI) and RESOLVE. Materials and methods Both sinonasal SS-EPI and RESOLVE images were acquired from 32 patients on a 3-T MR scanner. Image quality, lesion conspicuity and the distortions of the SS-EPI and RESOLVE images were qualitatively evaluated by two radiologists. Distortion was also quantitatively evaluated by comparing the distances between the same anatomic points on TSE-T1WI, TSE-T2WI, SS-EPI and RESOLVE images. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values, signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), and contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs) of the two DWIs were compared. Results The comparisons of the qualitative scores indicated that RESOLVE significantly improved the image quality and lesion conspicuity and reduced the distortion of the sinonasal diseases. The orbit, skull base, temporal bone and upper neck were also better displayed on RESOLVE. Quantitative evaluations revealed that RESOLVE greatly reduced but did not completely remove the distortion. The ADC values of the sinonasal lesions on RESOLVE were lower than those on SS-EPI, whereas no differences were found in the brainstem. The SNR of RESOLVE was lower than that of SS-EPI. There were no differences in the CNRs of the two diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) techniques. Conclusion RESOLVE significantly improved the image quality for evaluations of sinonasal lesions by reducing the susceptibility artifacts, distortion and blurring compared with SS-EPI. RESOVLE offers more accurate ADC values of sinonasal lesions than SS-EPI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]