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The article studies the transient flow patterns of upper swirls in a continuous slab casting mold through the application of Large Eddy Simulation (LES) using a static Smagorinsky sub-grid scale model. The simulation of flow patterns found unsteady and coherent features of the upper recirculation zones. According to the authors, the upper swirls may break into a series of relatively small scale vortices, and large-scale vortex shedding occurs during the switching process between flow patterns.

The article reports on the study on the importance of reversible, erasable and rewritable nanoscale recording on organic thin films in ultrahigh density information storage. The process involves the inducing of conductance transitions of the organic molecules through scanning tunneling microscope. Results show the possibilities for chemical modification of the rotaxane molecules.