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For the first time, we present a dual-mode snapshot interferometric system for measuring both surface shape and surface roughness to meet the need for on-machine metrology in optical fabrication. Two different modes, interferometer mode and interference microscopy mode, are achieved using Linnik configuration. To realize snapshot measurement, a pixelated polarization camera is used to capture four phase-shifted interferograms simultaneously. We have demonstrated its performance for off-line metrology and on-machine metrology by mounting it on a diamond turning machine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here, we report a peptide aspartic acid side-chain benzyl ester as a useful precursor that can be efficiently converted into various functional groups, including acid, amide, carbonyl hydrazide, carbonyl azide, or thio ester groups, without other protection for the peptide. With this strategy, we synthesized a series of novel branched and cyclic arginylglycylaspartic acid peptides through successive peptide C-terminal ligation and side-chain ligation based on a side-chain carbonyl azide or thio ester. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dicer, an endonuclease in RNase III family, is essential for the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. Aberrant expression of Dicer has been shown in various cancers including some subtypes of T cell lymphoma (TCL), which influences patient prognosis. A single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs3742330A>G has been identified in the Dicer gene, located in the 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) that is important for mRNA transcript stability. We investigated whether rs3742330 is associated with the survival in 163 TCL patients. Significant association between Dicer rs3742330 and TCL survival were found. Patients carrying the GG genotype (n = 12) had a significantly increased overall survival (OS) compared with those carrying the GA and AA genotypes (n = 70 and n = 81, respectively; p = 0.031). Moreover, the significant association was maintained for patients with mature T type (n = 134; p = 0.026). In multivariate Cox-regression analysis, rs3742330 proved to be an independent predictor for OS, together with the commonly used International Prognostic Index (IPI) and BAFF rs9514828, another SNP we have previously reported to be associated with TCL survival, with hazard ratios (HRs) for patient death rate of 8.956 (95% CI, 1.210 to 66.318; p = 0.032) for the GA genotype and 10.145 (95% CI, 1.371 to 75.084; p = 0.023) for the AA genotype. Furthermore, we observed cumulative effects of Dicer rs3742330 and BAFF rs9514828 on TCL survival. Compared with patients carrying zero unfavorable genotype, those carrying one and two unfavorable genotypes had an increased risk of death with a HR of 7.104 (95% CI, 0.969-53.086; p = 0.054) and 14.932 (95% CI, 1.950-114.354; p = 0.009), respectively, with a significant doseresponse trend (ptrend = 0.004). In conclusion, Dicer rs3742330 is associated with TCL survival, suggesting that genetic variation might play a role in predicting prognosis of TCL patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on science research based on geology which informs about the seismological evidence for the earliest global subduction network with earliest evidence for subduction, which have been localized, does not signify when plate tectonics global phenomenon. Topics include investigated Paleoproterozoic time, for which seismic evidence is available from multiple continents; and high-density seismic array in North China to image the crustal structure that exhibits a dipping Moho.

In this paper we describe the large-scale synthesis of inorganic fullerene-like (IF-like) hexagonal boron nitride with vessel, hollow sphere, peanut, and onion structures by reacting BBr3 with the synergic nitrogen sources NaNH2 and NH4CI at 400-450 °C for 6-12 h. The composition of products could be confirmed to be pure boron nitride with hexagonal structures by the XRD patterns and FT-IR, XPS, and EDXA spectra. The representative HRTEM images clearly reveal the layerlike features of the products. Here, the peanut-like structure of the IF-like BN is reported for the first time, and added to the list as one kind of new morphology of BN nanomaterials. The similarity in the structure between h-BN and graphite is responsible for the formation of IF-like BN with nanostructures of vessels, hollow spheres, peanuts, and onions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigates the thermostability of GaP nanocrystals in oxygen. Examination of the crystal structure and phase purity of the products using X-ray diffraction; Discussion of the different morphological α-Ga[sub 2]O[sub 3] nanocrystals.

Studies the growth of bismuth compound crystals under hydrothermal conditions in a Teflon-lined apparatus. Molecular structure of bismuth compound; Steps in the crystal growth; Mechanism of the reaction and of the growth of the crystals.