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Objective: To assess the effect of adding coagulation indices to the currently existing prognostic prediction models of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the prediction of outcome.Methods: A total of 210 TBI patients from 2017 to 2019 and 131 TBI patients in 2020 were selected for development and internal verification of the new model. The primary outcomes include death at 14 days and Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) at 6 months. The performance of each model is evaluated by means of discrimination (area under the curve (AUC)), calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow (H-L) goodness-of-fit test), and precision (Brier score).Results: The IMPACT Core model showed better prediction ability than the CRASH Basic model. Adding one coagulation index at a time to the IMPACT Core model, the new combined models IMPACT Core+FIB and IMPACT Core+APTT are optimal for the 6-month unfavorable outcome and 6-month mortality, respectively (AUC, 0.830 and 0.878). The new models were built based on the regression coefficients of the models. Internal verification indicated that for the prediction of 6-month unfavorable outcome and 6-month mortality, both the IMPACT Core+FIB model and the IMPACT Core+APTT model show better discrimination (AUC, 0.823 vs. 0.818 and 0.853 vs. 0.837), better calibration (HL, p = 0.114 and p = 0.317) and higher precision (Brier score, 0.148 vs. 0.141 and 0.147 vs. 0.164), respectively, than the original models.Conclusion: Our research shows that the combination of the traumatic brain injury prognostic models and coagulation indices can improve the 6-month outcome prediction of patients with TBI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We proposed with excitement a novel molecular co-assembly (MCSA) that can effectively overcome the agglomeration of energetic materials. Through the coordinated self-assembly of polymethyl methacrylate-polyvinyl acetate (PMMA-PVA) with honeycomb-like structure and nanoparticles, a controlled and orderly distribution of nitroamine explosive (cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine, HMX; cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine, RDX; and hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane, CL-20) structure was achieved, above all, resolving the agglomeration problem availably. The modification ability of PMMA to RDX, HMX, and CL-20 at different temperatures was simulated by Materials Studio, which provided guidance for the ambient temperature of collaborative self-assembly. In order to compare the priority of the morphology and performance, RDX/PMMA-PVA, HMX/PMMA-PVA, and CL-20/PMMA-PVA composite particles with the same PMMA content were also fabricated by water suspension coating method, respectively. Structural characterizations and thermal stability of the composites were systematically studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Moreover, the safety performance was analyzed by qualitative testing of impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity. The solid spherical PBX prepared via collaborative self-assembly all exhibited a perfect spherical structure, smooth, and flat coating, without any agglomeration. They had the same crystalline structure as the uncoated explosives, simultaneously demonstrating lower impact sensitivity and higher energy performance. The application of collaborative self-assembly technology has broken through the key technical bottleneck of the shell material being easy to form a separate phase in the desensitization coating of explosives, availably resolved the problems of particle exposure and low coverage during the coating, thus possessing vital significance for reference in the design and fabrication of PBXs with core-shell structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wind speed, temperature, relative humidity and TSP concentration at three intersections in Binzhou City were monitored, and the relationships of TSP concentration with wind speed, temperature, relative humidity and traffic flow at the three intersections in Binzhou City were analyzed by using SPSS. The results show that traffic flow was the main factor affecting TSP concentration of road traffic in Binzhou City. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to address the issue of environmental pollution resulting from marine oil spills by evaluating the oil adsorption performance of commonly used fence materials. Conventional oil adsorption materials exhibit limited rates and capacities for oil adsorption. Existing methods have proven insufficient in meeting the requirements for efficient and rapid oil–water separation. A new oil-absorbing barrier was developed by utilizing high oil adsorption resin as the primary material and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as the binder, leveraging the exceptional oil adsorption and hydrophobic properties of P(BMA-SMA-St)/MIL-101(Fe) resin. The oil-absorbing fence was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The oil adsorption rates of carbon tetrachloride, toluene, diesel and gasoline by the oil adsorption fence with 25 g/L resin content were 101.26 g/m2, 68.12 g/m2, 35.19 g/m2, and 46.69 g/m2, respectively. After 120 h of UV irradiation, the coating's oil absorption capacity remained nearly unchanged, and it demonstrated outstanding mechanical, chemical, and wear resistance. As a result, the oil adsorption fence possesses the capability to rapidly absorb oil from the water's surface during the process of containing oil pollution, leading to positive social and economic impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to reduce the mechanical sensitivity of cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) and improve its energy density, spherical RDX/PMMA/NC composite particles were prepared by spray drying method, selecting polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA, hydrocarbon binder) with excellent mechanical properties and nitrocellulose (NC, energy-containing binder) with higher density as the desensitizing shell material, RDX as the core material. PMMA/NC composite particles of the same component were prepared by a simple solvent evaporation method at the same time. Structural characterizations and thermal stability of the composites were systematically studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), respectively. Moreover, the safety performance has been qualitatively tested and analyzed through impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity. The results show that the addition of NC/PMMA binder would not change the original crystal structure of RDX, and the RDX/NC/PMMA composites fabricated by spray drying presented spherical particles with uniform distribution and smooth surface. The Tp0 of RDX/NC/PMMA composite particles increased from 220.3°C to 228.2°C, improving the thermal decomposition performance. The H50 rose from 29.32 cm to 84.3 cm, and the probability of friction explosion decreased from 96% to 8%, significantly enhancing the safety performance. In short, the RDX/NC/PMMA composites prepared via the spray drying method and the improvement of their performance have positive significance for the development of explosives in pursuit of high energy and low sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increasing number of underground engineering construction projects such as coal mining, tunnel, and subway, water inrush disasters occur more and more frequently. Inspired by the phenomenon of microbial mineralization and diagenesis, microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) is used to repair cracks in cement-based materials, which provides a new idea to solve the problem of water inrush. To investigate the self-healing properties of microbial capsules, this paper selected epoxy resin E-51 cured by DMP-30 as the wall material and Bacillus pasteurii as the core materials for experiments. In this paper, a single-factor method was adopted to determine the optimal preparation process of microbial capsules and the oil-phase separation method to prepare the microbial capsules. The effects of various factors on the experimental results under different core-wall ratios, reaction time, reaction temperatures, and agitation rates were analyzed. Microbial capsules were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and optical microscopy to explore the functional groups and features of microbial capsules. The experimental results showed that the microbial capsules achieved the best performance with a core-to-wall ratio of 1 : 3, a reaction temperature of 50°C, a reaction time of 40 min, and a stirring rate of 300 rpm. Meanwhile, we determined the spore survival rate of microbial capsules and finally studied the waterproofness, storage stability, and rupture under the pressure of microbial capsules. We concluded that microbial capsules have high-efficiency and self-healing properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The conductive polymers PEDOT:PSS coated Li 1.20 [Mn 0.53 Ni 0.13 Co 0.13 Nb 0.01 O 2 cathode materials were synthesized via using the sol-gel method, followed by the wet solution process. And the X-ray diffraction (XRD), Rietveld refinement, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were adopted to investigate the morphology and constituents of as-prepared cathode materials. The results demonstrated that a PEDOT:PSS layer was uniformly distributed on the surface of bulk Li 1.20 Mn 0.54 Ni 0.13 Co 0.13 O 2 with Nb5+ doping successfully. And the PEDOT:PSS surface coating and Nb5+ doping modifications showed a significant improvement on the electrochemical properties of cathode. In particular, the 2 wt% PEDOT:PSS coated Li 1.20 [Mn 0.53 Ni 0.13 Co 0.13 Nb 0.01 O 2 delivered a supernal discharge capacity of 145.6 mAhg−1 at 5C high rate and retained a high capacity retention of 90.8% after 200 cycles at 45 °C, which were more superior than those of the pristine cathode (90.2 mAhg−1 and 80.7%). The enhanced electrochemical properties could be attributed to the facilitation of Lithium ions diffusion, the lower cation mixing and restriction of the side reactions between cathode surfaces with electrolyte by the Nb5+ doping and PEDOT:PSS coating. The 2 wt % PEDOT:PSS coated Li 1.20 [Mn 0.53 Ni 0.13 Co 0.13 Nb 0.01 O 2 is covered by the PEDOT:PSS coating layer with a thickness of 20–30 nm. And after 200 cycles at 45 °C, the Li 1.20 [Mn 0.53 Ni 0.13 Co 0.13 Nb 0.01 O 2 and PEDOT:PSS coated Li 1.20 [Mn 0.53 Ni 0.13 Co 0.13 Nb 0.01 O 2 with the coating content of 1 wt%, 2 wt% and 3 wt% deliver the discharge capacity of 178.2, 192.7, 207.2 and 198.6 mA h g−1, corresponding to the capacity retention of 83.4%, 87.7%, 90.8% and 89.2, respectively. By contrast, the capacity of the pristine Li 1.20 Mn 0.54 Ni 0.13 Co 0.13 O 2 attenuates drastically from 202.3 mA h g−1 to 163.2 mA h g−1 at 0.5C rate, with only capacity retention of 80.7% left. Image 1 • The electrochemical properties of Li 1.20 Mn 0.54 Ni 0.13 Co 0.13 O 2 are enhanced by the PEDOT:PSS coating and Nb5+ doping. • The PEDOT:PSS coating layer could cover the cathode surface uniformly and efficiently resist against HF corrosion. • The Nb5+ doping can reduce the cation mixing and improve the high rate performance. • 2wt% PEDOT:PSS coated Li 1.20 [Mn 0.53 Ni 0.13 Co 0.13 Nb 0.01 O 2 expresses the outstanding electrochemical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microbial Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) is a biochemical process widely found in nature, also known as microbial mineralization. This paper investigates whether this process can help promote the intelligent reinforcement and repair of underground projects such as mines and tunnels. We selected Bacillus sphaericus and Bacillus mucilaginosus as the research objects. The former has an outstanding urease production ability, and the latter can secrete carbonic anhydrase in vitro. Bacillus mucilaginosus was introduced into the culture solution of Bacillus sphaericus in the most suitable culture environment, and the changes of mineralization rate and mineralization yield of Bacillus sphaericus were observed and analyzed. The results revealed that, to maintain the highest growth rate of Bacillus sphaericus, the optimal pH value was between 7 and 8, the optimal urea concentration was 0.5 mol/L, the optimal Ca2+ concentration was 0.6 mol/L, and the optimal Luria-Bertani (LB) culture concentration was 20 g/L. The amount of biomineralized calcium carbonate precipitated in the double bacteria solution can reach 1.89 times the amount of the precipitation in the Bacillus sphaericus solution under the same conditions. It concludes that the introduction of Bacillus mucilaginosus can effectively increase the mineralization yield of Bacillus sphaericus without affecting the mineralized products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]