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Electrofluorochromic (EFC) materials and devices with controllable fluorescence properties show great application potential in advanced anticounterfeiting, information storage and display. However, the low color purity caused by the broad emission spectra and underperforming switching time of the existing EFC materials limit their application. Through biomimetic exploration and the study of reversible electrochemical responsive coordination reactions, boron–nitrogen embedded polyaromatics (B,N‐PAHs) with narrow‐band emission and high color purity have been successfully integrated into EFC systems, which also help to better understand the role of boron in biological activity. The EFC device achieve good performance containing quenching efficiency greater than 90% within short switching time (ton: 0.6 s, toff: 2.4 s), and nearly no performance change after 200 cycles test. Three primary color (red, green, and blue) EFC devices are successfully prepared. In addition, new phenomena are obtained and discussed in this biomimetic exploration of related boron reactions. The success and harvest of this exploration are expected to provide new ideas for optimizing properties and broadening applications of EFC materials. Moreover, it may provide ideas and reference significance for further exploring and understanding the function of boron compounds in biological systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A multicolor electrochromic device (ECD), which can switch among three primary colors cyan (C), magenta (M) and yellow (Y), was fabricated successfully. This device contained a working layer using PEDOT:PSS as the cyan-EC material, an ion-conductive layer and a counter layer using p-benzoquinone (p-BQ)/4-hydroxy-TEMPO (4-OH-TEMPO) and phenol red (PR-Y) based on the ‘electrobase/electroacid’ theory as a magenta/yellow-EC material. All the materials could be easily acquired as they were obtained commercially. The device could switch among C/M/Y colors by applying various voltages. Besides, this device exhibited a short response time below 100 ms and excellent reversibility with no degradation after 2250 cycles. Thus, it exhibits great potential for use in smart displays and interior decorations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new and simple strategy towards electric‐field‐driven multiple chirality switching device has been designed and fabricated by combining a newly synthesized base‐responsive chiroptical polymer switch (R‐FLMA) and p‐benzoquinone (p‐BQ) via proton‐coupled electron transfer (PCET) mechanism. Clear and stable triple chirality states (silence, positive, negative) of this device in visible band can be regulated reversibly (>1000 cycles) by adjusting voltage programs. Furthermore, such chiral switching phenomena are also accompanied by apparent changes of color and fluorescence. More importantly, the potential application of this device for a spatial light modulator has also been demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new and simple strategy towards electric‐field‐driven multiple chirality switching device has been designed and fabricated by combining a newly synthesized base‐responsive chiroptical polymer switch (R‐FLMA) and p‐benzoquinone (p‐BQ) via proton‐coupled electron transfer (PCET) mechanism. Clear and stable triple chirality states (silence, positive, negative) of this device in visible band can be regulated reversibly (>1000 cycles) by adjusting voltage programs. Furthermore, such chiral switching phenomena are also accompanied by apparent changes of color and fluorescence. More importantly, the potential application of this device for a spatial light modulator has also been demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In addition, the related discussion in Figure S8, "The R-FLMA-1/2 belonged to the "R" chiral configuration, which was opposite to S-Flu-A." should be changed to "The grafted chiroptical molecular switch was R-Flu-A, thus this polymer was called R-FLMA and its base-responsive CD changing trends were opposite to S-Flu-A." The authors of this Communication have noticed a mistake in the polymer structure of R-FLMA in Figure 3 A. The originally depicted and the correct structure are shown below. GRAPH The related description on page 2020, line 31, "Therefore, a chiroptical polymer switch (R-FLMA) was designed and synthesized by grafting the active chiroptical molecular switch (S-Flu-A) into transparent polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) chains as shown in Figure 3 A." should be changed to "Therefore, a chiroptical polymer switch (R-FLMA) was designed and synthesized by grafting the active chiroptical molecular switch (R-Flu-A) into transparent polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) chains as shown in Figure 3 A." This incorrect structure also appeared in Scheme S3, Figure S20 and S21B of the Supporting Information. [Extracted from the article]

In addition, the related discussion in Figure S8, "The R-FLMA-1/2 belonged to the "R" chiral configuration, which was opposite to S-Flu-A." should be changed to "The grafted chiroptical molecular switch was R-Flu-A, thus this polymer was called R-FLMA and its base-responsive CD changing trends were opposite to S-Flu-A." The authors of this Communication have noticed a mistake in the polymer structure of R-FLMA in Figure 3 A. The originally depicted and the correct structure are shown below. GRAPH The related description on page 2048, line 31, "Therefore, a chiroptical polymer switch (R-FLMA) was designed and synthesized by grafting the active chiroptical molecular switch (S-Flu-A) into transparent polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) chains as shown in Figure 3 A." should be changed to "Therefore, a chiroptical polymer switch (R-FLMA) was designed and synthesized by grafting the active chiroptical molecular switch (R-Flu-A) into transparent polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) chains as shown in Figure 3 A." This incorrect structure also appeared in Scheme S3, Figure S20 and S21B of the Supporting Information. [Extracted from the article]

Electrochromic devices (ECDs) have been regarded as promising candidates for energy-saving smart windows, next-generation displays and wearable electronics due to their significant benefits of simple and adjustable structures, low power consumption, flexible and stretchable features, and eye-friendly modes for displays. However, there are many existing issues waiting to be solved such as durability, reversibility and inadequate switching performances. These insurmountable technical bottlenecks significantly slow down the commercialization of next-generation ECDs. Nanomaterials with superior active reaction surface area have played indispensable roles in optimizing heterogeneous electron transfer and homogeneous ion transfer for ECDs and other optoelectronic devices. In recent years, with the joint efforts of various outstanding research teams, new kinds and methods for nanomaterials to fabricate ECDs with excellent performances have been rapidly developing. This review highlights the latest exciting results regarding the design and application of new and unique nanomaterials for each layer of ECDs. Meanwhile, the structures, mechanisms, features and preparation of the reported nanomaterials to improve the electrochromic properties have been discussed in detail. In addition, the remaining challenges and corresponding strategies of this field are also proposed. Hopefully, this review can inspire more and more researchers to enrich the nanomaterials for ECDs and other related fields to overcome faced technical barriers by innovative means and promote industrialization of ECDs and other optoelectronic technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]