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Different manganese salt precursor-doped g-C3N4 catalysts prepared by the mixed calcination method were applied in the heat-assisted visible light catalytic peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation (Heat/Vis/PMS) system for the degradation of diclofenac (DCF). Under this Heat/Vis/PMS system, the CN-Mn-S catalyst using MnSO4 as the manganese salt precursor showed the optimal DCF degradation efficiency (96.9%) with the fastest reaction rate (0.1607 min−1). Besides, with the advantages of large specific surface area, high Mn3O4 generation, and good visible light absorption performance, CN-Mn-S catalyst also maintained excellent catalytic activity after five cycles. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis revealed that the generation of active species with relatively high contribution to DCF degradation, including generation of superoxide anion (O2·−) and singlet oxygen (1O2), were significantly increased in the CN-Mn-S/Heat/Vis/PMS system. Meanwhile, combined with the analysis of influence factor experiments and the DCF degradation characteristics, the CN-Mn-S/Heat/Vis/PMS system was able to maintain excellent DCF degradation ability in complex environments. This work provides a new idea for the application of PMS in real environment.Graphical Abstract: Different manganese salt precursor-doped g-C3N4 catalysts prepared by the mixed calcination method were applied in the heat-assisted visible light catalytic peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation (Heat/Vis/PMS) system for the degradation of diclofenac (DCF). Under this Heat/Vis/PMS system, the CN-Mn-S catalyst using MnSO4 as the manganese salt precursor showed the optimal DCF degradation efficiency (96.9%) with the fastest reaction rate (0.1607 min−1). Besides, with the advantages of large specific surface area, high Mn3O4 generation, and good visible light absorption performance, CN-Mn-S catalyst also maintained excellent catalytic activity after five cycles. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis revealed that the generation of active species with relatively high contribution to DCF degradation, including generation of superoxide anion (O2·−) and singlet oxygen (1O2), were significantly increased in the CN-Mn-S/Heat/Vis/PMS system. Meanwhile, combined with the analysis of influence factor experiments and the DCF degradation characteristics, the CN-Mn-S/Heat/Vis/PMS system was able to maintain excellent DCF degradation ability in complex environments. This work provides a new idea for the application of PMS in real environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cross-industry allocation of bank credit plays an important role in China's economic development and optimizing and upgrading industrial structures. This article collects the panel data of 19 industries in China from 2007 to 2017, constructs dynamic spatial panel models, and deeply analyzes the impact of credit misallocation on industry economy. The results show that structural misallocation of bank credit exists in various industries in China. Particularly, credit deviation degree of China's industries has gradually declined, but structural volatility remains large. A large amount of capital flows to the tertiary industry, while the capital of the primary industry and the secondary industry is relatively scarce. What is more, credit misallocation has a negative impact on industry economic growth and shows a weak acceleration effect. Therefore, in formulating economic policies, the government should actively guide the rational flow of inter industry credit funds and improve the efficiency of capital allocation. The government should continue to increase investment in manufacturing and promote independent innovation. Additionally, reasonable financial policies should be formulated to ensure the effective operation of the market and reduce the degree of credit misallocation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on data of 31 provinces in China for the period 2007–2017, this paper establishes spatial models by means of a transcendental logarithmic production function and analyzes the impact of regional credit and technological innovation on regional economic growth. The Jenks natural breaks method, kernel density function, and Moran index are introduced for spatial statistical analysis. Spatial weight matrices are constructed from two aspects of geographical characteristics and innovative input characteristics. The empirical results show significant spatial heterogeneity and spatial autocorrelation in economic growth, regional credit, and technological innovation. Both regional credit and technological innovation are important impacts to economic growth, whereas the interaction of regional credit and technological innovation has a negative effect on provincial economic growth. Therefore, we argue that China should rationally allocate regional credit resources, strengthen technological innovation capabilities, and boost the integrated development of regional credit and technological innovation. It is a particularly important way to facilitate regional economic integration and sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy consumption is of great significance to the sustainable development of the economy. Due to the spatial heterogeneity of low-carbon growth in regional economies, the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth is complicated. However, a few researches have been published about spatial spillover effects and non-linearity of energy consumption and financial development on regional economic growth in China. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2007 to 2017, this paper analyzes the spatial spillover effects and threshold effects of energy consumption and financial development on regional economic growth by using spatial and nonlinear econometric methods. The main conclusions are as follows. Spatial econometric methods show that financial development and energy consumption are two factors of production input to promote China's economic growth. Meanwhile, energy consumption and financial development have spillover effects on regional economic growth. Additionally, the nonlinear econometric method finds that with increasing financial development, the impact of energy consumption on economic growth is segmented. Therefore, relevant policies should be implemented to enhance the role of finance in energy consumption to promote low-carbon growth of China's economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have potential for high-salt wastewater treatment, their application is limited by poor salt tolerance, deactivation and unstable catalytic performance. This study designed Ce–C, N–C, and Ce–N modified activated carbon (Ce–N–C) based on the catalytic mechanism and salt tolerance performance of Ce and N elements to address these limitations. With activated carbon (AC) as the control, this study analyzed the stability of the four cathodes under different salinity environments using norfloxacin (NOR) as a probe to assess the effect of cathodes and salinity on MFC degradation performance. After three months, comparing with other three cathodes, the Ce–N–C cathode demonstrated superior and stable electrochemical and power generation performance. In particular, the advantages of Ce–N–C in high-salt (600 mM NaCl) environment is more significant than no-salt or low-salt. The potential of Ce–N–C-End at current density of 0 was 14.0% higher than AC-End, and the power density of the MFC with Ce–N–C cathode was 105.7 mW/m2, which was 3.1 times higher than AC. Also, the stability of NOR removal under the function of Ce–N–C improved with the increase of NaCl concentration or operation time. The CeO 2 (111) crystal form, N–Ce–O bond and pyridine N might be the key factors in improving the catalytic performance and salt tolerance of the Ce–N modified carbon-based cathode using XPS and XRD analysis. • Ce–N–C cathode was firstly used in MFC to resist high-salt stress. • The performance advantage of Ce–N–C in high salt environment is more significant. • The CeO 2 (111) crystal form and N–Ce–O bond can stabilize the cathode performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As typical indoor air pollutants, the simultaneous removal of formaldehyde and microorganisms at room temperature was significant to purify indoor environment satisfactorily. Based on the practical problems of room temperature catalytic oxidation, Zn-doped MnCe (MC-Zn) aerogel catalysts were designed with dual functions of catalytic oxidation and bacterial inhibition in this study. It was found that MC aerogel exhibited excellent formaldehyde removal performance, which obtained 97.6% formaldehyde removal efficiency at 24 h. Besides, a small amount of Zn doping had little effect on the Lewis acidic sites and Mn3+/Mn on the MC aerogel catalyst surface, and the equivalent formaldehyde removal efficiency was achieved with the increasing specific surface area.The antibacterial tests demonstrated that the Zn-doped catalysts inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus) , Bacillus subtilis(B. subtilis) and Escherichia coli(E. coli). When the molar ratio of Mn:Zn:Ce was 5:1:4, the catalyst exhibited the optimal room temperature catalytic oxidation activity and appropriate bacterial inhibition performance. This paper provides a technical reference for the effective treatment of indoor co-contaminated environment. • MC aerogel catalysts had excellent cyclic stability. • Mn3+/Mn on the MC aerogel catalyst surface was the main active component of catalytic oxidation at room temperature. • Zn-doped MC aerogel catalysts were designed with dual functions of catalytic oxidation and bacterial inhibition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]