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The article reports on a study in which a new chemical reaction was reported that allows the insertion of a single carbon atom into common unsaturated amides to form a range of cyclic amide products. It mentions that the reaction uses N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) as reagents that are capable of allowing single-carbon atom insertion and constructing four new bonds: one new carbon-carbon bond, one new carbon-nitrogen bond, and two new carbon-hydrogen bonds.

Lewis base catalysis by lone pair donation into antibonding porbitals (n-π*) is a growing field with a range of Lewis bases capable of this type of catalysis. In this review, catalysis of the Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction, the Steglich rearrangement, and the annulation of ɑ,β-unsaturated acyl Lewis adducts are discussed, using N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC), isothiourea, bicyclic tertiary amine and electron-rich pyridyl catalysts. In many cases, each of these popular Lewis base catalysts is viable for the given reaction, with the degree of utility defined by the catalyst's nucleophilicity and Lewis basicity. 1 Introduction to Lewis Base Catalysis 2 Enolates from 1,4-Addition: Morita-Baylis-Hillman Reaction 3 O→C Carboxyl Transfer: Steglich Rearrangement 4 Annulations of a,ß-Unsaturated Acyl Lewis Base Adducts 5 Summary and Outlook [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A full account of our oxidative radical cyclization approach to the synthesis of garcibracteatone and doitunggarcinone A is presented. This includes the first enantioselective synthesis of garcibracteatone, which allowed the absolute configuration of the natural compound to be determined. The first synthesis of doitunggarcinone A is also described, which confirms our reassignment of the relative configuration of this molecule. Novel syntheses of monoterpene fragments used to construct the target molecules are also reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose a numerical method for analyzing near-field magnetic fields for automobile electronic key systems. The surface of an automobile body is divided into triangular patches and a modified inductance matrix formulation is employed. A large inductance matrix equation is solved using a Block Gauss-Seidel method. A source magnetic field produced by a ferrite bar antenna is analyzed using a magnetic moment method to formulate a right-hand vector of the matrix equation. We have made a simplified automobile model and measured leakage of magnetic fields from windows of the model. Analyzed results agreed with the measured results with an error of 10%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]