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Aerogel based on reduced graphene oxide was synthesized using supercritical methods of drying the hydrogel in isopropanol. The synthesis technique involves the deposition of iron hydroxides on graphene layers, then their reduction in supercritical isopropyl alcohol to iron oxides (Fe 3 O 4 and γ-Fe 2 O 3). Results revealed that synthesized adsorbents Graphene aerogel (GA) and GA/Fe show excellent high gravimetric methane adsorption with an achievable capacity of 2.5 g/g and 3.6 g/g, respectively, in the pressure range of 0.5–10 MPa and 298 K, which is more than seven times higher than the requirements established by the US Department of Energy for the gravimetric capacity of a porous material for methane storage. However, at high gravimetric absorption, the volume absorption was 104 m3 (STP)/m3 and 102 m3 (STP)/m3 for (GA) and (GA/Fe), respectively. It should be noted that the performance characteristics of aerogels, in general, are comparable to adsorbents of other classes. A generalized flow-chart for obtaining the graphene aerogel. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aerogel based on reduced graphene oxide was synthesized using supercritical methods of drying the hydrogel in isopropanol. The synthesis technique involves the deposition of iron hydroxides on graphene layers, then their reduction in supercritical isopropyl alcohol to iron oxides (Fe 3 O 4 and γ-Fe 2 O 3). Results revealed that synthesized adsorbents Graphene aerogel (GA) and GA/Fe show excellent high gravimetric methane adsorption with an achievable capacity of 2.5 g/g and 3.6 g/g, respectively, in the pressure range of 0.5–10 MPa and 298 K, which is more than seven times higher than the requirements established by the US Department of Energy for the gravimetric capacity of a porous material for methane storage. However, at high gravimetric absorption, the volume absorption was 104 m3 (STP)/m3 and 102 m3 (STP)/m3 for (GA) and (GA/Fe), respectively. It should be noted that the performance characteristics of aerogels, in general, are comparable to adsorbents of other classes. A generalized flow-chart for obtaining the graphene aerogel. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Biogases (biomethane) and natural gas (methane) have huge potential for the development of the biogas industry. • Efficiency criteria for the adsorption storage systems for biomethane and natural gas (methane) have been established. • Potential of Porous carbon material from Biomass as Energy Storage material was explored. • Comparison based on sorption capacity of porous carbon-based materials for biomethane and natural gas (methane) have been summarized. Due to environmental performance, biogas (biomethane) and natural gas (methane) are at the center of attention among renewable fuels due to environmental performance. Gas fuels have significant environmental advantages over traditional petroleum-based fuels or fossil fuels. Adsorption technology for methane adsorption, storage, and transportation (biomethane and natural gas) can link gas supplies to consumers. The review considers the advantages of biomethane and natural gas as energy sources. The efficiency criteria for methane carbon-based storage systems have been analyzed and discussed. Porous carbon-based adsorption materials have been found to be very useful in methane adsorption, storage, and transportation. The outstanding characteristics of carbon materials such as high surface area and large pore volume, tunability, high abundance of precursors, thermal stability, and environmental friendliness are important features for their extensive usability. The findings on the sorption capacity of porous carbon-based materials for biomethane and natural gas have been discussed in detail and summarized. Based on the findings, it was found that the ANG technology has great potential for using natural gas and biomethane in the transport sector, provided that an appropriate adsorbent with suitable properties is applied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Nanoporous carbon materials (NCMs) were developed for Methane Storage. • NCMs possessed high specific surface area ∼ 2722 m2/g with multimodal pore distribution. • Increase in pressure enhances the methane (CH 4) uptake. • The maximum CH 4 adsorption capacity was found to be ∼ 14.3 mmol/g. Nanoporous carbon materials (NCMs) were widely used as commercial adsorbents, due to their salient features like high specific surface area and a significant volume of micropores. The present research work considers the conversion of a mixture of compounds (furfural, hydroquinone, and urotropine) into a NCM, with properties suitable for adsorption and gas storage applications, through alkaline activation. The developed NCM have high surface area of ∼ 2722 m2/g with a pore volume of 1.08 cm3/g i.e. ∼ 80 % pores representing narrow micropores. Further, the density of the NCM is also a decisive parameter for the applications, in particular, methane (CH 4) storage. Moreover, the powdered NCM was compacted 2.5 times (to get a monolith NCM) with a slight change in the texture properties. The synthesized adsorbents were tested for the CH 4 adsorption, and they showed very good characteristics. Results obtained revealed that, the highest CH 4 adsorption capacity value, equal to ∼ 14.3 mmol/g at 10 MPa and 298 K, was achieved on the powdered NCM which after the compaction, to the monolith NCM decreases to ∼ 13.3 mmol/g at the same pressure. Moreover, the highest bulk methane adsorption capacity value was 336 cm3/cm3 which was achieved at 10 MPa and 298 K for the monolith NCM. Thus, this adsorbent with excellent CH 4 adsorption characteristics can be used in the adsorbed natural gas (ANG) technology to enhance the energy storage and improve the efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]