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Organic ultralong room temperature phosphorescence (OURTP) materials capable of combining various emission behaviors for diversified optoelectronic properties and applications have recently gained a vigorous development, but it remains a forbidden challenge in designing OURTP molecules with hybrid local and charge‐transfer (HLCT) feature, possibly due to the elevated difficulties in simultaneously meeting the stringent requirements of both HLCT and OURTP emitters. Here, through introducing multiple heteroatoms into one‐dimensional fused ring of coumarin with moderate charge transfer perturbation in donor‐π‐acceptor architecture, we demonstrate a HLCT‐featured OURTP molecule showing both promoted fluorescence with a quantum yield of 77 % in solution and long‐lived OURTP with a lifetime of 251 ms in conventional host material used in electroluminescent device. Thus, efficient OURTP organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) were fabricated, exhibiting bright electroluminescence with an exciton utilization efficiency of 85 % and yellow OURTP lasting over 2 s for afterglow. Impressively, the HLCT OURTP‐OLEDs can be further optimized to reach an unprecedented total external quantum efficiency (EQE) of ~12 % and OURTP EQE up to 3.11 %, representing the highest performance among the reported OURTP‐OLEDs. These impressive results highlight the significance to fuse HLCT and OURTP together in enriching OURTP materials and improving the afterglow OLED performances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organic ultralong room temperature phosphorescence (OURTP) materials capable of combining various emission behaviors for diversified optoelectronic properties and applications have recently gained a vigorous development, but it remains a forbidden challenge in designing OURTP molecules with hybrid local and charge‐transfer (HLCT) feature, possibly due to the elevated difficulties in simultaneously meeting the stringent requirements of both HLCT and OURTP emitters. Here, through introducing multiple heteroatoms into one‐dimensional fused ring of coumarin with moderate charge transfer perturbation in donor‐π‐acceptor architecture, we demonstrate a HLCT‐featured OURTP molecule showing both promoted fluorescence with a quantum yield of 77 % in solution and long‐lived OURTP with a lifetime of 251 ms in conventional host material used in electroluminescent device. Thus, efficient OURTP organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) were fabricated, exhibiting bright electroluminescence with an exciton utilization efficiency of 85 % and yellow OURTP lasting over 2 s for afterglow. Impressively, the HLCT OURTP‐OLEDs can be further optimized to reach an unprecedented total external quantum efficiency (EQE) of ~12 % and OURTP EQE up to 3.11 %, representing the highest performance among the reported OURTP‐OLEDs. These impressive results highlight the significance to fuse HLCT and OURTP together in enriching OURTP materials and improving the afterglow OLED performances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soft magnetic composites (SMCs) play an indispensable role in electromagnetic conversion, transmission, and storage. However, in order to achieve miniaturization, energy conservation, and meet the application requirements of premagnetisation in direct-current (DC) components, SMCs are required to have low core loss and high DC bias performance. In this work, FeSiAl SMCs with hybrid insulating layers of MgO/SiO 2 have been successfully prepared by the decomposition of magnesium acetate tetrahydrate and silicone resin. The presence of MgO and SiO 2 insulating layers can effectively compensate for each other's coating defects, thereby forming complete insulating layers on the surface of FeSiAl powders to reduce the core loss. Finally, the FeSiAl@MgO/SiO 2 SMC gets remarkable comprehensive magnetic properties with a low core loss (P cv) of 163.7 mW/cm3 at 50 mT/100 kHz, a high DC bias performance of 53.7 % at 100 Oe, and an effective permeability (μ e) of 46, which is promising for high-frequency and high-power applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Novel triarylamine-based D-D-π-A organic fluorescence dyes were designed. • Theoretical calculations were done to evaluate the applicability of the design. • The most promising dyes (diphenylamine-containing triarylamine-based dyes) were synthesized. • Theoretical calculations, electrochemical properties and optical properties were studied. • Some of the dyes performed very well as luminescent material as expected. Available online A series of diphenylamine (DPA)-containing triarylamine-based D-D-π-A organic fluorescence dyes were designed under the guidance of theoretical calculations and then synthesized (cyanoacrylic acid, methylene malononitrile or isophorone served as the electron acceptor while ethylene served as the π-bridge). The results of theoretical calculations, electrochemical properties and optical properties tests indicated that the new dyes possessed high thermal stability, desirable HOMO levels and intramolecular charge transfer property. Some of them possessed high fluorescence quantum yields and performed very well as luminescent material as expected.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Molecular dynamics methods are used to investigate the effect of wall wettability and initial fluid density on the nucleation and growth of nanobubbles in a nanochannel with a groove. Surface wettability is controlled by adjusting the parameters of the solid-liquid potential energy and the results show that groove wettability greatly influences the bubble nucleation process. In the case of a groove with a weak solid-liquid interaction, fluid atoms in the groove are strongly affected by repulsive forces attributed to solid atoms, the density of the fluid atoms is low, and atomic collision frequency increases. The local activation energy is concentrated in the groove, resulting in bubble nucleation. In the case of a groove with a stronger solid-liquid interaction, the bubble is formed in the center of the nanochannel. In general, the bubble radius of curvature and contact angle remain unchanged during the growth process in the case of a uniform wettability nanochannel with a groove, while significant changes are observed for a nonuniform wettability nanochannel. The radius of curvature for the generated bubble increases with increasing fluid initial density, while the steady contact angle decreases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Highlights • Molecular dynamics simulation was performed in nano-Janus-interface system. • Temperature gradients can be steepened by lowering hot wall wettabilities. • Heat transfer is switched by varying wall wettabilities and applied forces to liquid. • The finding helps to develop temperature sensitive nano-energy-devices. Abstract Janus-interface-system is referred as liquid confined between hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces, nanoscale energy transfer in Janus-interface-system is not understood. Here, we investigate Poiseuille flow by non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) using argon as the working fluid. The two solid walls hold different temperatures and wettabilities. It is found that for pure heat conduction, temperature jumps are negative on hot wall but positive on cold wall to create positive heat flow from hot wall to cold wall (called positive heat transfer). However, the convective energy transfer in Janus-interface-system always behaves positive temperature jumps on the two walls due to viscous heating. We show that, lowering hot wall wettabilities creates more significant velocity and temperature slippages on hot wall than those on cold wall to steepen liquid temperature gradients in nanochannel. We further show that heat flow sign can be switched between positive and negative, by (1) keeping super-hydrophilic hot wall but changing cold wall wettabilities, (2) keeping super-hydrophilic-hot-wall/hydrophobic-cold-wall but varying external forces applied to liquid, and (3) keeping super-hydrophilic-hot-wall/hydrophobic-cold-wall but varying hot wall temperatures. All the three cases yield non-symmetry velocity profile and more sensitive changes of temperature jumps on cold wall than those on hot wall for heat transfer switch. The transition between positive and negative heat transfer occurs at the zero temperature gradient in the channel. The findings not only enhance the understating of nanoscale energy transfer in Janus-interface-system, but also provide novel working principle for nano-devices behaving temperature sensitive nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Magnetic carbon nanosheet is prepared for broad, stable and thin microwave absorber. • N-doped carbon covered FeNi nanoparticles are embedded into N-doped carbon nanosheet. • The novel structure optimizes impedance match and enhances attenuation capability. • Effective absorbing bandwidth reaches 5.76 GHz, covering 12.24–––18 GHz, at 1.9 mm. The novel magnetic carbon nanocomposite, in which N-doped onion-like carbon encapsulated FeNi nanoparticles are embedded into N-doped carbon nanosheets, are prepared for realizing "broad, strong, stable and thin" microwave absorption behaviors. Good impedance match between magnetic FeNi nanoparticles and dielectric carbon and the large attenuation capability accompanied with strong dielectric loss ability induced by interfacial polarization loss, defect dipole polarization loss, Debye relaxation loss, conductive loss and magnetic loss originating from natural/exchange resonance and eddy current loss ensure the good microwave absorption ability. This nanocomposite exhibits the minimal reflection loss value of –27.62 dB at 4.72 GHz and the effective absorbing bandwidth of 5.76 GHz (covering 12.24–––18 GHz) at 1.9 mm and the peak of reflection loss basically locates at −21.62 dB- −27.62 dB from 1.7 mm to 5.0 mm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Nanostructured surfaces with hybrid wettability for optimizing the nucleate boiling performance. • Remarkable facilitation of nucleate boiling on solid walls with hydrophobic nanocavities. • Original residual vapor nuclei in the hydrophobic nanocavities inducing a piston-like effect at the vapor–liquid interface. • Competition mechanism of the hybrid surface wettability and nanostructures influencing nucleate boiling. • Domination of nanocavities over the nucleate boiling for contact angles less than 18°. The development in nanotechnology and bionics has increased the application of hybrid wettable nanostructured surfaces in engineering and science research. This study employed molecular dynamics to investigate the phase changes of thin liquid films on nanostructured surfaces with hybrid wettability. The liquid film and nanostructured surfaces were consisted of Lennard–Jones (LJ) fluid and LJ solid atoms, respectively. The simulation results indicate that the microscopic mechanism of nucleate boiling is facilitated by the original residual vapor nuclei. Additionally, the competition mechanism between the hybrid surface wettability and nanostructure is identified. The initial nucleation temperature for a solid wall with a hydrophobic nanocavity is 1.09 ε / k B , which is 0.04 ε / k B less than that for a hydrophilic nanocavity. This phenomenon can be attributed to the original residual vapor nuclei generated by hydrophobic nanocavities, which induce a piston-like effect at the vapor–liquid interface. As the nanocavity hydrophobicity increases, the piston-like effect increases the internal vapor pressure within the cavity and reduces the initial waiting time for bubble nucleation. For the hydrophilic nanocavities with contact angles greater than 18°, the bubbles are initially generated on the smooth surface rather than the nanocavity. Moreover, the smooth surface wettability is instrumental in bubble nucleation and growth. When the contact angle of the nanocavity is less than 18°, the nanostructures are dominant, and the bubbles are generated only in the nanocavity. These findings can aid the design, manufacture, and performance optimization of micro/nano-systems and devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How to synchronously reduce eddy current loss and hysteresis loss still remains a challenge for achieving low core loss of soft magnetic composite (SMC). In-situ surface oxide effectively combines the formation of insulating layer and the release of internal stress during the molding process. In this study, FeSiAl SMC has been fabricated by powder metallurgy method with in-situ oxidated FeSiAl powder, in which FeSiAl powder are covered by outer Fe 3 O 4 insulating layer and inter super-thin Al 2 O 3 /SiO 2 hybrid layer. Fe 3 O 4 layer alleviates dilution magnetic effect, ensuring high saturated magnetization and effective permeability. The super-thin Al 2 O 3 /SiO 2 hybrid layer enhances electrical resistance, reducing eddy loss. Effects of the in-situ oxidation time on insulating layer and soft magnetic performances of SMC are investigated in detail. Synchronous reduction of eddy current loss and hysteresis loss is achieved through high resistance accompanied with proper insulating layer thickness and low coercive force provided by the special microstructure. For powder with 90 min oxidation at 500 °C, core loss of SMC is low up to 64 mW/cm3 at 50 mT and 100 kHz and 363 mW/cm3 at 100 mT and 100 kHz, while the permeability is kept at 50 until 1100 kHz and is stable until 140 °C. Meanwhile, DC bias performance reaches 51.2% at 100 Oe applied field and Q value is 104.8 at 400 kHz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gossypium barbadense is an important source of natural textile fibers, as is Gossypium hirsutum. Cotton fiber development is often affected by various environmental factors, such as abnormal temperature. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms of temperature regulating the fuzz fiber initiation. In this study, we reveal that high temperatures (HT) accelerate fiber development, improve fiber quality, and induced fuzz initiation of a thermo-sensitive G. barbadense variety L7009. It was proved that fuzz initiation was inhibited by low temperature (LT), and 4 dpa was the stage most susceptible to temperature stress during the fuzz initiation period. A total of 43,826 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified through comparative transcriptome analysis. Of these, 9667 were involved in fiber development and temperature response with 901 transcription factor genes and 189 genes related to plant hormone signal transduction. Further analysis of gene expression patterns revealed that 240 genes were potentially involved in fuzz initiation induced by high temperature. Functional annotation revealed that the candidate genes related to fuzz initiation were significantly involved in the asparagine biosynthetic process, cell wall biosynthesis, and stress response. The expression trends of sixteen genes randomly selected from the RNA-seq data were almost consistent with the results of qRT-PCR. Our study revealed several potential candidate genes and pathways related to fuzz initiation induced by high temperature. This provides a new view of temperature-induced tissue and organ development in Gossypium barbadense. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Young cotyledons of cotton seedlings are most susceptible to chilling stress. To gain insight into the potential mechanism of cold tolerance of young cotton cotyledons, we conducted physiological and comparative transcriptome analysis of two varieties with contrasting phenotypes. The evaluation of chilling injury of young cotyledons among 74 cotton varieties revealed that H559 was the most tolerant and YM21 was the most sensitive. The physiological analysis found that the ROS scavenging ability was lower, and cell membrane damage was more severe in the cotyledons of YM21 than that of H559 under chilling stress. RNA-seq analysis identified a total of 44,998 expressed genes and 19,982 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in young cotyledons of the two varieties under chilling stress. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) of all DEGs revealed four significant modules with close correlation with specific samples. The GO-term enrichment analysis found that lots of genes in H559-specific modules were involved in plant resistance to abiotic stress. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that pathways such as plant hormone signal transduction, MAPK signaling, and plant–pathogen interaction were related to chilling stress response. A total of 574 transcription factors and 936 hub genes in these modules were identified. Twenty hub genes were selected for qRT-PCR verification, revealing the reliability and accuracy of transcriptome data. These findings will lay a foundation for future research on the molecular mechanism of cold tolerance in cotyledons of cotton. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanostructures have significant impacts on incipient nucleation time and onset temperature during nucleate boiling. This study compares three types of surfaces, namely smooth, concave structured, and convex structured to investigate the mechanism of nucleate boiling via molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that nanostructured surfaces enhance bubble nucleation compared to smooth surfaces, provide fixed nucleation sites for initial embryo generation and shorten incipient nucleation time. Furthermore, nucleate boiling occurs more quickly on concave nanostructured surfaces than on convex ones regardless of the nanostructure size. However, with decreasing nanostructure size, the difference between them gradually decreases. A further analysis of the onset temperature is performed under various surface conditions. The onset temperature of nucleate boiling on the large concave nanostructured surface is much lower than on large convex nanostructured surface, owing to the stronger heat accumulation effect of the cavity. However, the onset temperature on the small concave nanostructured surface is higher, because liquid atoms are strongly absorbed into the small cavity and crystallized with the hydrophilic surface. The results improve the understanding of nanoscale nucleate boiling and provide a reference for the design of microelectronic devices. • Nucleate boiling of liquid argon on nanostructured surfaces is studied by MD simulation. • Nanostructured surfaces enhance bubble nucleation compared to smooth surface. • Concave nanostructures shorten incipient nucleation time compared to convex nanostructures. • Onset temperature of nucleate boiling is sensitive to the nanostructure size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Achieving single‐component white organic afterglow remains a great challenge owing to the difficulties in simultaneously supporting long‐lived emissions from varied excited states of a molecule for complementary afterglow. Here, an extraordinary tri‐mode emission from the radiative decays of singlet (S1), triplet (T1), and stabilized triplet (T1*) excited states was proposed to afford white afterglow through modulating the singlet–triplet splitting energy (ΔEST) and exciton trapping depth (ETD). Low‐lying T1* for yellow afterglow was constructed by H‐aggregation engineering with large ETD and trace isomer doping, while high‐lying T1 and S1 for blue afterglow with thermally activated emission feature were realized by reducing ΔEST through donor–acceptor molecular design. Therefore, the single‐component white afterglow with high efficiency of 14.1 % and a lifetime of 0.61 s was achieved by rationally regulating the afterglow intensity ratios of complementary emissions from S1, T1, and T1*. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Achieving single‐component white organic afterglow remains a great challenge owing to the difficulties in simultaneously supporting long‐lived emissions from varied excited states of a molecule for complementary afterglow. Here, an extraordinary tri‐mode emission from the radiative decays of singlet (S1), triplet (T1), and stabilized triplet (T1*) excited states was proposed to afford white afterglow through modulating the singlet–triplet splitting energy (ΔEST) and exciton trapping depth (ETD). Low‐lying T1* for yellow afterglow was constructed by H‐aggregation engineering with large ETD and trace isomer doping, while high‐lying T1 and S1 for blue afterglow with thermally activated emission feature were realized by reducing ΔEST through donor–acceptor molecular design. Therefore, the single‐component white afterglow with high efficiency of 14.1 % and a lifetime of 0.61 s was achieved by rationally regulating the afterglow intensity ratios of complementary emissions from S1, T1, and T1*. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Achieving single‐component white organic afterglow remains a great challenge owing to the difficulties in simultaneously supporting long‐lived emissions from varied excited states of a molecule for complementary afterglow. Here, an extraordinary tri‐mode emission from the radiative decays of singlet (S1), triplet (T1), and stabilized triplet (T1*) excited states was proposed to afford white afterglow through modulating the singlet–triplet splitting energy (ΔEST) and exciton trapping depth (ETD). Low‐lying T1* for yellow afterglow was constructed by H‐aggregation engineering with large ETD and trace isomer doping, while high‐lying T1 and S1 for blue afterglow with thermally activated emission feature were realized by reducing ΔEST through donor–acceptor molecular design. Therefore, the single‐component white afterglow with high efficiency of 14.1 % and a lifetime of 0.61 s was achieved by rationally regulating the afterglow intensity ratios of complementary emissions from S1, T1, and T1*. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of surface wettabilities on nanoscale boiling is investigated using molecular dynamics simulation. Argon particles are filled in-between two solid walls to form a vapor-liquid system. Surface wettability and fluid densities are controlled by the solid-liquid interaction intensity and the number of argon particles, respectively. A complete boiling regime map is presented. At high fluid densities (ρ > 0.8 ρ sat , where ρ sat is the saturation liquid density), non-boiling regime occurs independent on surface wettabilities. At low fluid densities (ρ ≤ 0.8 ρ sat ), Leidenfrost, heterogeneous and homogeneous regimes consecutively occur when surface wettabilities are changed from super-hydrophobicity to super-hydrophilicity. Leidenfrost regime is recognized as a nanoscale lotus-leaf-effect. Both Leidenfrost and homogeneous regimes generate symmetric fluid densities. For heterogeneous nucleation, bubble nucleation occurs on either one of the two walls. Because the symmetry of the stable state of the system is lower than the symmetry of the solid-fluid interaction potentials, a small disturbance may change the wall to nucleate a bubble embryo, resulting in asymmetric fluid densities to cause the symmetry breaking. The present study enhances the understanding of nanoscale boiling. • A nanoscale boiling system is investigated by molecular dynamics. • A complete boiling regimes map is constructed. • Leidenfrost and homogeneous nucleation create symmetry parameters in the system. • Heterogeneous nucleation yields asymmetric parameters to cause symmetry breaking. • The link between wall wettability, boiling regime and symmetry breaking is made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors wish to retract the referenced publication.[1] In the simulation cases of I i =0.3 and I i =0.4, the temperature control method is incorrect, resulting in flawed simulation results in Figs. 1 L. Zhang, J. Xu, and J. Lei, "Molecular dynamic simulation of bubble nucleation in a nanochannel with a groove", AIP Adv. 9, 035044 (2019).10.1063/1.5081728. [Extracted from the article]

How to obtain a wide effective absorption bandwidth is still a challenge for Sendust micro-powder as microwave absorber at 2–10 GHz range. Double shell-core structured composites are desirable to extend effective absorption bandwidth through optimizing impedance match degree in wider frequency and forming a broad dielectric loss peak. In this work, TiO 2 layer is fabricated on surface of flaky Sendust/phosphate composites through the hydrolysis reaction for constructing double shell-core structured TiO 2 @phosphate@Sendust flaky composites. The synergistic effect of TiO 2 -phosphate interface and phosphate-Sendust interface induces a broad peak for dielectric loss, microwave absorption ratio and attenuation constant, resulting in wider effective absorption bandwidth of 3.2 GHz compared with that (2.4 GHz) of raw Sendust/phosphate composites. This work offers a facile and effective strategy for extending effective absorption bandwidth of micron-scale microwave absorber. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cold stress can significantly affect the development, yield, and quality of crops and restrict the geographical distribution and growing seasons of plants. Aquaporins are the main channels for water transport in plant cells. Abiotic stresses such as cold and drought dehydrate cells by changing the water potential. In this study, we cloned a gene GhTIP1;1-like encodes tonoplast aquaporin from the transcriptome database of cotton seedlings after cold stress. Expression analysis showed that GhTIP1;1-like not only responds to cold stress but was also induced by heat, drought and salt stress. Subcellular localization showed that the protein was anchored to the vacuole membrane. Promoter deletion analysis revealed that a MYC motif within the promoter region of GhTIP1;1-like were the core cis-elements in response to low temperature. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) and histochemical staining indicate that GhTIP1;1-like plays a positive role in plant cold tolerance. Overexpression of GhTIP1;1-like in Arabidopsis delayed the senescence process and enhanced the cold tolerance of transgenic plants. Compared with the wild type, the soluble protein concentration and peroxidase activity of the transgenic lines under cold stress were higher, while the malondialdehyde content was lower. In addition, the expression levels of cold-responsive genes were significantly increased in transgenic plants under cold stress. Our results indicate that GhTIP1;1-like could respond to different abiotic stresses and be positively involved in regulating the cold tolerance of cotton. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organic ultralong room temperature phosphorescence (OURTP) materials with photophysical properties sensitive to external stimulus are highly attractive for advanced applications. However, most OURTP molecules are in crystal and OURTP materials with good practicability and stimulus‐responsive character are hard to be achieved. Here, we report, for the first time, the highly efficient, ultralong‐lived and deep‐blue OURTP materials by simply doping boron phosphor into cyanuric acid host. Host–guest OURTP composites with abundant and tunable H‐bond network are highly stable in air with ultralong lifetime of 5.08 s at room temperature. They are sensitive to water, which can strength the H‐bond network to significantly enhance OURTP quantum yield from 16.1 % to 37.6 %. Anti‐counterfeiting paper was easily prepared for water‐jet printing; the jet‐printed high‐resolution OURTP patterns can be easily erased by solvent fuming for another printing/erasing cycle with high reversibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organic ultralong room temperature phosphorescence (OURTP) materials with photophysical properties sensitive to external stimulus are highly attractive for advanced applications. However, most OURTP molecules are in crystal and OURTP materials with good practicability and stimulus‐responsive character are hard to be achieved. Here, we report, for the first time, the highly efficient, ultralong‐lived and deep‐blue OURTP materials by simply doping boron phosphor into cyanuric acid host. Host–guest OURTP composites with abundant and tunable H‐bond network are highly stable in air with ultralong lifetime of 5.08 s at room temperature. They are sensitive to water, which can strength the H‐bond network to significantly enhance OURTP quantum yield from 16.1 % to 37.6 %. Anti‐counterfeiting paper was easily prepared for water‐jet printing; the jet‐printed high‐resolution OURTP patterns can be easily erased by solvent fuming for another printing/erasing cycle with high reversibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The trace metal selenium is in demand for health supplements to human and animal nutrition. We studied the reduction of selenite (SeO3−2) to red elemental selenium by Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain N. This strain was cultured in a medium containing SeO3−2 and the particles obtained from cultures were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive microanalysis (EDX) and X ray diffraction analysis (XRD). Our results showed the strain N could reduce SeO3−2 to red elemental selenium. The diameters of particles were 80–200 nm. The bacteria exhibited significant tolerance to SeO3−2 up to 8.0 m mol/L concentration with an EC50 value of 2.4 m mol/L. After 9 d of cultivation, the presence of SeO32− up to 1.0 m mol/L resulted in 99.9% reduction of selenite, whereas 82.0% (p<0.05), 31.7% (p<0.05) and 2.4% (p<0.05) reduction of SeO3−2 was observed at 2.0, 4.0 and 8.0 m mol/L SeO32− concentrations, respectively. This study indicated that red elemental selenium was synthesized by green technology using Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain N. This strain also indicated a high tolerance to SeO3−2. The finding of this work will contribute to the application of selenium to human health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]