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Objective: Glioma is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, its recurrence poses a major challenge in achieving effective treatment outcomes. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have emerged as key contributors to tumor relapse and chemotherapy resistance, making them attractive targets for glioma cancer therapy. This study investigated the potential of FERMT1 as a prognostic biomarker and its role in regulating stemness through cell cycle in glioma. Methods: Using data from TCGA-GBM, GSE4290, GSE50161 and GSE147352 for analysis of FERMT1 expression in glioma tissues. Then, the effects of FERMT1 knockdown on cell cycle, proliferation, sphere formation ability, invasion and migration were investigated. The influences of FERMT1 on expression of glycolysis-related proteins and levels of ATP, glucose, lactate and G6PDH were also explored. Furthermore, the effects of FERMT1 knockdown on cellular metabolism were evidenced. Results: Significant upregulation of FERMT1 in glioma tissues was observed. Silencing FERMT1 not only affected the cell cycle but also led to a notable reduction in proliferation, invasion and migration. The expression of glycolysis-associated proteins including GLUT1, GLUT3, GLUT4, and SCO2 were reduced by FERMT1 knockdown, resulted in increased ATP and glucose as well as decreased lactic acid and G6PDH levels. FERMT1 knockdown also inhibited cellular metabolism. Moreover, FERMT1 knockdown significantly reduced sphere diameter, along with inhibiting the expression of transcription factors associated with stemness in glioma cells. Conclusion: These findings demonstrated that FERMT1 could be an ideal target for the advancement of innovative strategies against glioma treatment via modulating cellular process involved in stemness regulation and metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Typical treatment of dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) emphasizes clinical procedures such as surgery, radiotherapy, and endovascular treatment. However, external factors of adverse psychological emotions in patients with DAVF before treatment have not yet been evaluated in a multicenter study. Objectives: This study aimed to fill the research gap regarding the effects of factors by evaluating the anxiety and depression status among patients with DAVF before and after endovascular treatment and identify factors influencing the development of anxiety and depression before their endovascular treatment. Methods: This retrospective study included 168 DAVF patients treated at two independent neurosurgical medical centers from December 2012 to December 2022. The Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) were assessed before and after endovascular treatment. Demographic and clinical data were also collected. Statistical tests were performed to calculate the proportion of DAVF patients with anxiety and depression. A multivariate analysis was conducted to identify independent risk factors for anxiety and depression in patients with DAVF before endovascular treatment. Results: A significant decrease in the percentage of patients with anxiety and depression was observed in patients after endovascular treatment compared with before treatment. Patients with DAVF who were at a higher risk for anxiety and depression were females had multiple visits, comorbid conditions, and a lower economic status and were presented with symptoms. Conclusion: After endovascular treatment, the anxiety or depression symptoms of DAVF patients significantly improved. Our findings provide additional evidence to support the role of intravascular treatment in improved DAVF patients' psychological outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The predictive value of systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) for stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) risk in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) treated by thrombectomy remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of SIRI for SAP in patients with AIS treated by thrombectomy. Methods: We included AIS patients treated by thrombectomy between August 2018 and August 2022 at our institute. We used multivariate logistic regression to construct the prediction model and performed a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to evaluate the ability of SIRI to predict SAP and constructed a calibration curve to evaluate the prediction accuracy of the model. We evaluated the clinical application value of the nomogram using decision curve analysis. Results: We included 84 eligible patients with AIS in the analysis, among which 56 (66.7%) had SAP. In the univariate analysis, there were significant differences in sex (p = 0.035), National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score at admission ≥ 20 (p = 0.019) and SIRI (p < 0.001). The results of multivariable logistic analysis showed that the risk of SAP increased with the SIRI value (OR = 1.169, 95% CI = 1.049–1.344, p = 0.014). Age ≥ 60 (OR = 4.076, 95% CI = 1.251–14.841, p = 0.024) was also statistically significant. A nomogram with SIRI showed good prediction accuracy for SAP in AIS patients treated by thrombectomy (C-index value = 0.774). Conclusions: SIRI is an independent predictor for SAP in patients with AIS treated by thrombectomy. A high SIRI value may allow for the early identification of patients with AIS treated by thrombectomy at high risk for SAP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate whether the number of years of schooling are causally associated traumatic brain injury (TBI). We aimed to investigate whether the number of years of schooling are causally associated TBI. We investigate the prospective causal effect of years of schooling on TBI using summary statistical data. The statistical dataset comprising years of schooling (n = 293,723) from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) deposited in the UK Biobank was used for exposure. We used the following GWAS available in the FinnGen dataset: individuals with TBI (total = 13,165; control = 136,576; number of single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs] = 16,380,088). Seventy significant genome-wide SNPs from GWAS datasets with annotated years of schooling were selected as instrumental variables. The inverse variance weighted method results supported a causal relationship between years of schooling and TBI (odds ratio (OR), 0.78; 95 % confidence interval (CI), 0.62–0.98; P = 0.029). MR-Egger regression showed that polydirectionality was unlikely to bias the results (intercept = 0.007, SE = 0.01, P = 0.484) and demonstrated no causal relationship between years of schooling and TBI (OR, 0.52; 95%CI, 0.17–1.64; P = 0.270). The weighted median method revealed a causal relationship with TBI (OR, 0.73; 95%CI, 0.55–0.98; P = 0.047). A Cochran's Q test and funnel plot did not show heterogeneity nor asymmetry, indicating no directional pleiotropy. The current investigation yields substantiation of a causal association between years of schooling and TBI development. More years of schooling may be causally associated with a reduced risk of TBI, which has implications for clinical and public health practices and policies. • To explore the causal association between years of schooling and traumatic brain injury with Mendelian randomization. • More years of schooling results in a lower risk of traumatic brain injury. • Our data provides the evidence required to develop clinical and public health policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is commonly treated via surgical removal of the hematoma, placement of a routine indwelling drainage tube, and continuous drainage to ensure that the blood does not re-aggregate following removal. However, the optimal location for placement of the drainage tube remains to be determined. Objectives: To aid in establishing a reference for selecting the optimal method, we compared the effects of different drainage tube placements on CSDH prognosis via a systematic review and meta-analysis of previous clinical studies. Data sources: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Study eligibility criteria: We searched for clinical studies comparing the outcomes of subperiosteal/subgaleal drainage (SPGD) and subdural drainage (SDD) for CSDH published in English prior to April 1, 2022. Participants: The final analysis included 15 studies involving 4,318 patients. Results: Our analysis of the pooled results revealed no significant differences in recurrence rate between the SDD and SPGD groups. We also observed no significant differences in mortality or rates of postoperative complications (infection, pneumocephalus, or epilepsy) between the SDD and SPGD groups. Conclusions: These results suggest that the choice of SDD vs. SPGD has no significant effect on CSDH prognosis, highlighting SPGD as an alternative treatment option for CSDH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There is limited data on sex-related disparities in the long-term outcomes after stroke. We aim to investigate whether there are sex-based differences in long-term outcomes using pooled data. Methods: Three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library) were systematically searched from inception to July 2022. This meta-analysis was performed in accordance with the recommendations and guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess the risk of bias. In addition, a random-effects model was used. Results: Twenty-two cohort studies with 84538 patients were included. There were 50.2% men and 49.8% women. Women had a higher mortality at 1 (odds ration [OR], 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI][0.69, 0.99], P = 0.03) and 10 (OR 0.72, 95% CI[0.65, 0.79], P < 0.00001) years, higher stroke recurrence at 1 year (OR 0.85, 95% CI[0.73, 0.98], P = 0.02), lower favorable outcome at 1 year (OR 1.36, 95% CI[1.24, 1.49], P < 0.00001). No significant difference was detected between men and women in the outcomes of health-related quality of life and depression. Conclusion: In this meta-analysis, the 1- and 10-year mortality and stroke recurrence rates were higher in female patients than in male patients after stroke. In addition, females tended to experience less favorable outcomes in the first year after stroke. Finally, further long-term studies on sex disparities in stroke prevention, care, and management are warranted to explore the opportunities to reduce this gap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Endovascular treatment is widely used in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms. However, neurosurgeons are sceptical about endovascular access via the radial artery. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the effectiveness and safety of transradial and transfemoral artery access in patients with intracranial aneurysms. We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases for studies comparing the two approaches. The primary outcome was total complications, and the secondary outcomes were access site complications, intracranial haemorrhage, stroke, thromboembolism, silent infarct, re-treatment rate, mortality, complete occlusion of intracranial aneurysms, procedure duration, and length of hospital stay. A random-effects model was used to assess the pooled data. Of the 100 identified studies, 6 were eligible (a total of 3764 participants). There were no significant differences in total complications(odds ratio [OR] = 0.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.33, 1.45], p = 0.32), complete occlusion of intracranial aneurysms (OR = 1.02, 95%CI [0.77,1.37], p = 0.87), procedure duration (mean difference [MD] = − 6.24, 95%CI [− 14.75, − 1.54], p = 0.95), or length of hospital stay (MD = 2.204, 95%CI [− 0.05, 4.45], p = 0.95), access site complications (OR = 0.49, 95%CI [0.16, 1.52], p = 0.22), intracranial haemorrhage (OR = 1.07, 95%CI [0.49, 2.34], p = 0.86), stroke (OR = 0.59, 95%CI [0.20, 1.77], p = 0.35), thromboembolism (OR = 0.85, 95%CI [0.33, 2.17], p = 0.74), silent infarct (OR = 0.69, 95%CI [0.04, 11.80], p = 0.80), retreatment rate (OR = 1.32, 95%CI [0.70, 2.48], p = 0.39), mortality (OR = 1.41, 95%CI [0.06, 5.20], p = 0.61), immediate occlusion (OR = 0.99, 95%CI [0.64, 1.51], p = 0.95), and occlusion during follow-up (OR = 1.10, 95%CI [0.56, 2.16], p = 0.74) between the transradial and transfemoral groups. This study showed comparable safety and efficacy outcomes between transradial and transfemoral access in patients with intracranial aneurysms treated endovascularly. Future large randomised trials are warranted to confirm these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stop-motion is a well-established animation technique but is often laborious and requires craft skills. A new video-based system can animate the vast majority of everyday objects in stop-motion style, more flexibly and intuitively. Animators can perform and capture motions continuously instead of breaking them into increments and shooting one still picture per increment. More important, the system permits direct hand manipulation without resorting to rigs, achieving more natural object control for beginners. The system's key component is two-phase keyframe-based capturing and processing, assisted by computer vision techniques. With this system, even amateurs can generate high-quality stop-motion animations. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]