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Objective. This study explored the effect of different nutritional nursing support on nutritional status, immune function, postoperative bowel motility, and complications in elderly patients with gastrointestinal tumors during the perioperative period. Methods. 300 patients with gastrointestinal tumors treated in the Department of Gastroenterology and anorectal surgery of Hangzhou First People's Hospital Affiliated with the Medical College of Zhejiang University from February 2018 to March 2020 were selected as the research objects in this study. Patients were divided into the early enteral nutrition (EEN) and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) groups (150 cases in each group) according to the principle of odd and even admission numbers. The patients in the EEN and TPN groups were given enteral nutrition nursing support and parenteral nutrition nursing support, respectively. The nutritional status, immune function, postoperative bowel motility, and complication rate of the two groups were evaluated 7 days after the operation. Results. The nutritional indexes decreased 3 days after the operation and gradually recovered 7 days after the operation in both groups with different nutritional nursing support. The Hb, TRF, PAB, and ALB indexes in the TPN group were significantly lower than those in the EEN group (P < 0.01). On the 7th day after the operation, the indexes of peripheral blood immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM, and IgA) were significantly lower than those in the TPN group, and T lymphocyte subsets (CD4, CD8, and CD4/CD8) demonstrated that the immunological indexes of patients in the EEN group were significantly higher than those in the TPN group (P < 0.01). In terms of intestinal peristalsis, the time of first exhaust and first defecation in the EEN group was significantly shorter than that in the TPN group (P < 0.01) during the perioperative period. Furthermore, both groups had different degrees of complications, while patients demonstrated a lower complication rate in the EEN group compared to those in the TPN group, suggesting a safer postoperative mode. The results of subgroup analysis showed that the nutritional indexes of the gastric cancer group 7 days after operation were significantly higher than those of the colorectal cancer group under EEN and TPN nutritional support modes. Conclusion. Clinical results have suggested that enteral nutrition nursing support can improve the perioperative nutritional status of elderly patients with gastrointestinal tumors by enhancing the immune function and promoting intestinal peristalsis. Meanwhile, the postoperative EEN mode reduces the rate of complications and demonstrates higher safety. Therefore, it has a high clinical application value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite significant advances in diagnostic methods and treatment strategies, the prognosis for patients with advanced colon cancer remains poor, and mortality rates are often high due to metastasis. Increasing evidence showed that it is of significant importance to investigate how the tumor microenvironment participates in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). In this manuscript, neutrophils were sequentially stimulated with all-trans retinoic acid and transforming growth factor-β in turn to induce the neutrophil polarization. Differentially expressed miRNA in neutrophil exosomes have been sequenced by microarray profile, and the effect of N2-like neutrophil-derived exosomal miR-4780 on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and angiogenesis was investigated. In our results, we found that neutrophils were enriched in CRC tumor tissue and that CD11b expression correlated with tumor site and serous membrane invasion. At the same time, we demonstrated that internalization of N2 exosomes exacerbated the viability, migration, and invasion of CRC cell lines and inhibited apoptosis. To further investigate the molecular mechanism, we analyzed the miRNA expression profile in the N2-like neutrophils, which led to the selection of hsa-miR-4780 for the subsequent experiment. The overexpression of miR-4780 from N2-like neutrophil-derived exosomes exacerbated EMT and angiogenesis. Moreover, miR-4780 can regulate its target gene SOX11 to effect EMT and angiogenesis in CRC cell lines. CRC with liver metastasis model also validated that aberrant expression of miR-4780 in N2-like neutrophil exosomes exacerbated tumor metastasis and development of tumor via EMT and angiogenesis. In conclusion, our current findings reveal an important mechanism by which mR-4780 from N2-like neutrophil exosomes exacerbates tumor metastasis and progression via EMT and angiogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been demonstrated in many studies that the polymorphism of Ras association domain family 1 isoform A (RASSF1A) is related to tumor risk; however, this conclusion remains a controversy. In this study, we systemically retrieved relevant studies in electronic databases such as PUBMED, and EMBASE, and calculated odds ratios (ORs) as well as relevant 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Besides, meta-package in STATA version 12.0 was used. This meta-analysis finally included altogether 12 studies with 16 case-control articles. According to our data, the polymorphism of RASSF1A Ala133Ser was associated with tumor risk (Ser vs. Ala: OR = 1.68,95% CI = 1.20-2.36; Ala/Ser vs. Ala/Ala:OR = 1.63,95% CI = 1.16-2.27; Ser/Ser vs. Ala/Ala:OR = 3.06,95% CI = 1.91-4.89; Recessive model:OR = 2.67, 95% CI = 1.66-4.32; Dominant model: OR =1.72, 95% CI =1.20-2.45). Further, subgroup analyses stratified based on race and cancer type indicated this polymorphism is related to lung cancer(LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) susceptibility in Asians.In conclusion, we found that RASSF1A Ala133Ser polymorphism increased LC and HCC risk in Asians, which requires large-scale, delicately-designed researches for verification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The central nervous system (CNS) insults may cause massive demyelination and lead to the release of myelin-associated proteins including its major component myelin basic protein (MBP). MBP is reported to induce glial activation but its effect on neurons is still little known. Here we found that MBP specifically bound to the extracellular surface of the neuronal plasma membrane and induced neurotoxicity in vitro. This effect of MBP on neurons was basicity-dependent because the binding was blocked by acidic lipids and competed by other basic proteins. Further studies revealed that MBP induced damage to neuronal membrane integrity and function by depolarizing the resting membrane potential, increasing the permeability to cations and other molecules, and decreasing the membrane fluidity. At last, artificial liposome vesicle assay showed that MBP directly disturbed acidic lipid bilayer and resulted in increased membrane permeability. These results revealed that MBP induces neurotoxicity through its direct interaction with acidic components on the extracellular surface of neuronal membrane, which may suggest a possible contribution of MBP to the pathogenesis in the CNS disorders with myelin damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present study was to determine the expression and diagnostic value of exosomal miR-130a-3p in the serum of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Exosomes were isolated from the serum of patients with DTC and were identified using transmission electron microscopy. A novel exosomal miRNA, miR-130a-3p, was found to be significantly decreased in the serum of patients with DTC compared with those with benign thyroid tumors and healthy controls. Further study revealed that exosomal miR-130a-3p was correlated with the malignant characteristics of DTC, including tumor diameter, lymph node metastasis (LNM) and higher TNM stage. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that the area under the curve of exosomal miR-130a-3p was better compared with that of TgAb and Tg in patients with DTC. More importantly, the combined use of exosomal miR-130a-3p, TgAb and Tg significantly enhanced the sensitivity and specificity, indicating that exosomal miR-130a-3p is a sensitive biomarker for DTC. A dual luciferase reporter assay indicated that insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 was a target gene of miR-130a-3p. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between serum IGF-1 and serum exosomal miR-130a-3p levels. More importantly, exosomes from patients with DTC increased the expression of IGF-1 and p-PI3K/p-AKT, but these effects were abolished by siRNA targeting IGF-1 in TPC-1 cells. Taken together, the findings of the present study indicated that reduced exosomal miR-130a-3p levels were associated with the risk of DTC and may be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis of DTC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]