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Achieving the target of carbon neutrality has been an important approach for China to mitigate global climate change. Enterprises are major carbon emitters, and a well-designed early warning system is needed to ensure that their emissions align with carbon neutrality goals. Therefore, this study utilized electricity big data to construct an early warning model for enterprise carbon emissions based on carbon quota allocation. Taking key carbon-emitting enterprises in Guangxi as a case study, we aim to provide insights to support China's dual carbon goals. Firstly, we established the Carbon Quota Allocation System, enabling carbon quota allocation at the enterprise levels. Secondly, we developed the Enterprise Carbon Neutrality Index, facilitating dynamic warnings for carbon emissions among enterprises. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) In 2020, Guangdong received the highest carbon quota of 606 million tons, representing 5.72% of the national total, while Guangxi only received 2.63 billion tons. (2) Only 39.34% of enterprises in Guangxi are able to meet the carbon neutrality target, indicating significant emission reduction pressure faced by enterprises in the region. (3) Over 90% of enterprises in Guangxi receive Commendation and Encouragement warning levels, suggesting that enterprises in Guangxi are demonstrating a promising trend in emission reduction efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Negative Poisson's ratio materials have the advantages of good shear resistance, dent resistance, and fracture resistance. Thus, they have great application potential in the manufacturing field with high requirements for material mechanical flexibility. However, negative Poisson's ratio materials are relatively rare. In this paper, the first principles calculation is used to study the single-layer P2/m-P phosphorene. It is found that when −5% to 5% strain is applied along the zigzag (Y) direction, there is a negative Poisson's ratio effect along the Z direction, and Poisson's ratio is −0.288, which is about ten times that of the single-layer black phosphorus (the negative Poisson's ratio of the single-layer black phosphorus is −0.027). Compared with black phosphorene, it has more potential applications in wearable and impact resistant equipment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Choriocarcinoma is a highly malignant and aggressive trophoblastic tumor. In our previous study, we discovered that the speckle-type POZ protein (SPOP), which recognizes substrates of E3 ubiquitin ligase, plays a crucial role in trophoblast-derived choriocarcinoma cell lines. Therefore, we investigated the correlation between SPOP and the substrate kinesin-like protein KIF23, as well as the role of KIF23 in choriocarcinoma cells. We constructed JAR cells overexpressing SPOP using lentiviral vectors and subsequently screened the related proteins through ubiquitination-modified quantitative proteomic analysis. The relationship between KIF23 and SPOP was determined using western blotting, and CCK-8, plate cloning, flow cytometry, and Transwell assays were used to investigate the effects of KIF23 and SPOP/KIF23. We identified the KIF23 protein and observed that SPOP promoted its degradation. The abundance of KIF23 increased after the addition of the protease inhibitor MG132. KIF23 was highly expressed in choriocarcinoma cells. Compared with JAR cells transfected with NC–small-interfering RNA (siRNA), the proliferation, invasion, migration, and percentage of G0/G1 cells in the KIF23-siRNA group were significantly lower, and the activation of the Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway was markedly attenuated. Additionally, the sh-SPOP+KIF23-siRNA group exhibited significantly inhibited JAR cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, along with clearly attenuated activation of the Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway. SPOP attenuates the proliferation, invasion, and migration of choriocarcinoma JAR cells by promoting KIF23 degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Implementing real-time carbon emissions monitoring at the enterprise level enables the detailed breakdown of carbon neutrality goals for microcosmic enterprises, which is of paramount significance in ensuring the precision of policy formulations. Grounded in China's historical electricity consumption and carbon emissions data, this study utilizes the network approach and input–output methods to compute and predict direct and indirect transmission coefficients of electricity consumption and carbon emissions in each province. We establish a methodology that enables the monitoring of real-time carbon emissions of enterprises based on corporate electricity consumption data. Using the metal smelting industry in Guangxi as an example, our findings are as follows: First, in 2020, the comprehensive carbon emissions of the ferrous metal smelting industry in Guangxi reached 58.84 million tons, marking a notable increase of 42.78% compared to emissions in 2014, indicating that emissions reductions are imperative. Second, significant regional variations in emission coefficients are observed, with values ranging from 14 g CO2/KWh to 940 g CO2/KWh among provinces. Meanwhile, the trends of direct carbon emissions and indirect carbon emissions are totally different, underscoring the importance of comprehensive carbon accounting in informing policy decisions. Third, through the carbon emissions real-time monitoring of 75 metal smelting industry enterprises using electricity big data, we identified that the distribution of emissions across industries, time periods, and regions is uneven. Overall, this method can optimize carbon emission measurement techniques to a higher spatiotemporal resolution and more microscopic monitoring subjects, providing essential numerical foundations for promoting carbon emissions reduction and sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Real-time carbon emissions monitoring at the enterprise level is a crucial tool in shifting macrolevel carbon peak and carbon neutrality plans toward micro-level implementations. This study extends the existing CO2 emissions accounting framework to enterprise emissions monitoring. We analyze the correlation mechanism between electricity consumption and CO2 emissions by industries, calculate the electricity–CO2 coefficients, and finally model an enterprise-level real-time carbon emissions monitoring method based on electricity big data. Taking Guangxi region as a sample, the results show that (1) the proportion of electricity-related emissions is on the rising stage in Guangxi, with 441 g CO2/KWh emitted from electricity consumption in 2020, (2) the carbon emissions from the energy-intensive industries account for over 70% of the whole society, and they all have high electricity–CO2 coefficients, far exceeding the industry average of 1129 g/kWh, and (3) the monitoring method is applied to 1338 enterprises from over 40 industries. The emission characteristics reflect the regional and industrial heterogeneity. This enterprise-level monitoring method aims to optimize the carbon emissions calculation method toward higher temporal and spatial resolutions, so as to provide an important numerical basis for promoting carbon emission reduction and sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reactor network synthesis (RNS) is one of the subtopics of the chemical process synthesis, the purpose of which is to find an optimal reactor network for the specific objective function of the studied reaction system. This review discusses the principles, advantages, and disadvantages of various methods of RNS, together with the state of the research in each field. These methods could be divided into four categories: the process‐based approach (such as the attainable region, the targeting approach, and the method based on the elementary process functions), superstructure‐based approach, stochastic optimization, and parametric method. Finally, the paper discusses the existing problems of RNS in academic researches and practical applications, as well as its research directions in the future. This paper is helpful to the readers who have interests in the design and optimization of the reactor networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The halophytic wild relatives within Triticeae might provide valuable sources of salt tolerance for wheat breeding, and attempts to use these sources of tolerance have been made for improving salt tolerance in wheat by distant hybridization. A novel wheat substitution line of K17-1078-3 was developed using common wheat varieties of Chuannong16 (CN16), Zhengmai9023 (ZM9023), and partial amphidiploid Trititrigia8801 (8801) as parents, and identified as the 3E(3D) substitution line. The substitution line was compared with their parents for salt tolerance in hydroponic culture to assess their growth. The results showed that less Na+ accumulation and lower Na+/K+ ratio in both shoots and roots were achieved in K17-1078-3 under salinity compared to its wheat parents. The root growth and development of K17-1078-3 was less responsive to salinity. When exposed to high salt treatment, K17-1078-3 had a higher photosynthesis rate, more efficient water use efficiency, and greater antioxidant capacity and stronger osmotic adjustment ability than its wheat parents. In conclusion, a variety of physiological responses and root system adaptations were involved in enhancing salt tolerance in K17-1078-3, which indicated that chromosome 3E possessed the salt tolerance locus. It is possible to increase substantially the salt tolerance of wheat by the introduction of chromosome 3E into wheat genetic background. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of ultrasonic treatment on the aroma profile of pumpkin juice. Samples were treated according to the experimental design, with a numerically controlled ultrasonic instrument at an ultrasound frequency of 45 kHz under various conditions (treatment times of 10, 20, and 30 min, sample temperature of 25(± 2) ∘ C, and powers of 180, 240, and 300 W). The aromatic profiles of pumpkin juice showed that a total of 52 volatile components were detected in the 10 groups of pumpkin juices, including 16 alcohols, 11 alkane olefins, 6 aldehydes, 4 ketones, 4 esters, and 11 others. Alcohol compounds had the highest content among all volatile compounds; the most abundant were 1-Octen-3-ol, (E, Z)-3, 6-Nonadien-1-ol, 1-hexanol, and (Z) -3-Nonen-1-ol. Compared to the untreated samples of juices, ultrasonic treatment leads to the formation of new compounds or the disappearance of compounds found in the untreated samples. The findings presented in this study provide a deeper understanding of the application of ultrasound to enhance the volatile components of pumpkin juice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the experimental investigation on whether the landslide surge waves can influence the dam failure process caused by flood overtopping was presented. The experiments were conducted in a large width flume with length of 50 m, width of 4 m and height of 2 m. The time between the start of the earth dam break and the surge wave reaching the dam site was set to 80 s. During this period, the water depth of the reservoir constantly decreased. The experimental results showed that the surge wave height decreased while the propagation velocity increased slightly as the surge moved to the dam site. Several surge waves could overtop the dam crest and the shear height of the dam crest caused by each surge wave was a function of the surge wave height, which could be described non-dimensionally by Δz* = 0.946 Hs*2.113. The surge wave influenced the water level falling velocity and breach width expanding speed from the time of the overlay of the breaking dam. The surge wave could lead to a large instantaneous peak discharge that exceeded the dam failure peak discharge of the experiments with no surge wave. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Here, we show that the plant-derived product, sanguinarine, inhibited aerobic glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation; which resulted in energy alternations and necroptosis of tumor cells. Moreover, we identify the PKM2/β-catenin axis as the main target in sanguinarine treatment against HCC development. Backgrounds: Abnormal metabolism is the hallmark of hepatocellular carcinoma. Targeting energy metabolism has become the major focus of cancer therapy. The natural product, sanguinarine, displays remarkable anti-tumor properties by disturbing energy homeostasis; however, the underlying mechanism has not yet been elucidated. Methods: The anticancer activity of sanguinarine was determined using CCK-8 and colony formation assay. Morphological changes of induced cell death were observed under electron microscopy. Necroptosis and apoptosis related markers were detected using western blotting. PKM2 was identified as the target by transcriptome sequencing. Molecular docking assay was used to evaluate the binding affinity of sanguinarine to the PKM2 molecule. Furthermore, Alb-CreERT2; PKM2loxp/loxp; Rosa26RFP mice was used to construct the model of HCC—through the intervention of sanguinarine in vitro and in vivo—to accurately explore the regulation effect of sanguinarine on cancer energy metabolism. Results: Sanguinarine inhibited tumor proliferation, metastasis and induced two modes of cell death. Molecular docking of sanguinarine with PKM2 showed appreciable binding affinity. PKM2 kinase activity and aerobic glycolysis rate declined, and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation was inhibited by sanguinarine application; these changes result in energy deficits and lead to necroptosis. Additionally, sanguinarine treatment prevents the translocation of PKM2 into the nucleus and suppresses the interaction of PKM2 with β-catenin; the transcriptional activity of PKM2/β-catenin signaling and its downstream genes were decreased. Conclusions: Sanguinarine showed remarkable anti-HCC activity via regulating energy metabolism by PKM2/β-catenin signaling. On the basis of these investigations, we propose that sanguinarine might be considered as a promising compound for discovery of anti-HCC drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of miniaturized and lightweight supercapacitors (SCs) becomes a hot research region. Improving the surface area utilization of porous carbon materials can effectively promote the energy density and power density of SCs. This work first constructs three-dimensional porous poly(p -phenylenediamine) hydrogel through adding phytic acid. Thereafter, N, O, P-doped porous carbon (NOPPC) was obtained via simple one-step pyrolysis treatment. The unique three-dimensional porous structure of NOPPC inherited from poly(p -phenylenediamine) hydrogel provides plentiful ion storage space and ion transportation channels. Heteroatom-doped feature endows NOPPC with good wettability and more active surface area. The surface utilization of NOPPC-800 reaches up to 2.56 F m−2, which is better than many carbon materials in literatures. NOPPC-800 can still maintain 135 F g−1 at 20 A g−1. The capacity retention ratio of NOPPC-800 can reach up to 93.4 % after 10000 cycles at 10 A g−1. The quantitative analysis of energy storage mechanism of NOPPC illustrates the synergistic impact of pore structure and doped heteroatoms. These electrochemical results show that NOPPC possesses good practical application value. NOPPC-800//NOPPC-800 supercapacitor shows high energy density and excellent cycle stability. The results show that the balance of heteroatom content, specific surface area and conductivity is the key to obtain promising carbon electrode materials and can be realized via tuning carbonization temperature. This work also demonstrates that rational structure control of carbon precursor is the effective way to promote the capacity of carbon materials. [Display omitted] • N, O, P-doped porous carbon (NOPPC) was prepared via one-step pyrolysis treatment. • NOPPC shows high surface utilization and long life as an electrode for supercapacitors. • The capacity of carbon material can be boosted via controlling structure of precursor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the first transformation of MOFs to polymers without any additives by using a one-step MOF-templated self-polymerization approach. We investigate the conversion process and demonstrate that the MOF-templated self-polymerization is a new and effective approach for the in situ conversion of organic ligands to polymers and even carbon nanomaterials with maintained MOF configurations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heteroatom-doped multilocular carbon nanospheres (HMCSs) are synthesized by carbonizing multilocular polyaniline nanospheres (MPSs) which are prepared via metal-catalyzed polymerization in the presence of cupric nitrate as catalyst and ammonium persulfate as oxidant. The impacts of carbonization temperature on the morphology, structure and property of HMCSs are investigated. The results show that the carbonized sample at 800 °C (HMCSs-800) has a specific surface area of 283 m 2 g −1 , nitrogen content of 7.15% and oxygen content of 8.78%, and exhibits the specific capacitance of 186 F g −1 at the current density of 0.5 A g −1 . Most importantly, HMCSs-800 possesses high surface utilization (0.66 F m −2 ) and excellent rate capability (73.8% retention at 20 A g −1 relative to the capacitance of 0.5 A g −1 ). These results are superior to that of other carbon materials in most reports. The specific capacitance still preserves 91.3% after 5000 charge/discharge cycles at the current density of 5 A g −1 , demonstrating good cyclic stability. The outstanding electrochemical performance of HMCSs-800 can be ascribed to the providential integrate of particular multilocular structure, high micropore content and proper heteroatom content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The integration techniques could combine stochastic optimization algorithms with neural networks. • The second is to study the chemical reaction network optimization in the integration of water and energy. • The third one is to extend the integration technique of the continuous process to the batch process. Water allocation network (WAN) and heat exchange network (HEN) are effective optimization techniques in chemical process system engineering (CPSE). This paper reviews the literature about the optimization of water and heat over the last 20 years. By analyzing the development of CPSE, this review presents a systematic overview on deterministic optimization algorithms and stochastic optimization algorithms. Deterministic optimization algorithms, like the conceptual method and mathematical programming method, could obtain a deterministic feasible solution by analyzing diagrams or solving the water-energy equations. Stochastic optimization algorithms have a strong search ability in solution space. It doesn't need to solve complicated mathematical models, and could avoid local optimum effectively and achieve the global optimal solution quickly. This paper summarizes the recent researches on stochastic optimization algorithms like simulated annealing algorithm (SA), genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm algorithm (PSO), and so on. Finally, the application and future research gaps in this field are presented. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sodium ion battery is a new energy star to meet carbon neutrality idea due to abundant resources and low price. The exploration of proper anode materials to accommodate Na+ is a significant research subject. Here, N/O dual-doped carbon spheres (NOCS) derived from polyaniline have been easily prepared via pyrolysis treatment of polyaniline spheres (PS). When applied as an anode material for SIBs, NOCS shows the superior capacity (314 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1), good rate performance (139 mAh g−1 at 2 A g−1) and excellent structural stability. The great electrochemical capacity of NOCS can be attributed to the unique spherical structure, large carbon interlayer distance (0.375 nm), proper specific surface area (211 m2 g−1) and abundant heteroatom content (6.27 at% of nitrogen and 14.88 at% of oxygen). NOCS also displays excellent capacitance (104.4 F g−1 at 20 A g−1) and long cycling life (145.4 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 after 5000 cycles) as an electrode material for supercapacitors. These results illustrate that designing structure and composition will effectively promote the electrochemical properties of carbon materials. [Display omitted] • N/O dual-doped carbon spheres (NOCS) were prepared with aniline as initial monomer. • NOCS displays good electrochemical performance due to the unique structural traits. • Structure and composition can be availably tuned using proper carbon precursor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Ultrasound treatment of freshly squeezed pumpkin juice. • Ultrasound treatment delays color, carotenoid content, and cloud value losses in during storage. • 600 W/10 min completely disintegrated pumpkin juice cells. • 400 W/10 min is the best method to maintain the quality characteristics of pumpkin juice. Freshly squeezed pumpkin juice (Cucurbita moschata D.) was sonicated at various power levels at a constant frequency of 25 kHz and a treatment time of 10 min. Samples were stored in the dark for 0, 4, 8, and 12 days at 4 °C and were subsequently analyzed. The combined effects of power level and storage period on color parameters, carotenoid content, particle size distribution, cloud value, rheological characteristics, and microstructure were investigated. The results showed ultrasonic-treated samples had little effect on carotenoid content, cloud value, particle size distribution, and polydispersity during storage compared to those of the untreated samples. The L⁎, a⁎, b⁎, and C* values decreased significantly during 8–12 days of storage, resulting in a significant increase in ΔE, especially 400 W/10 min-treated samples. Meanwhile, the enzyme activity and rheological properties increased significantly on storage days 8–12. However, the microstructure of all samples did not change significantly during storage. Based on these results, during the storage period, the physical and chemical properties of 400 W/10 min-ultrasonic treated pumpkin juice were retained more than those in the untreated pumpkin juice. Therefore, ultrasonic treatment has broad application prospects in preserving bioactive substances and physicochemical properties and improving the storage life of fresh pumpkin juice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT In previous studies, HSPC016 was identified as a differentially expressed gene in dermal papilla cells (DPC) with aggregative behaviour. To clarify its role in the regulation of DPC, the recombinant HSPC016 protein was expressed using the Pichia pastoris expression system, and three small interfering ribonucleic acid duplexes (siRNA) were designed and transfected into DPC. Results showed that DPC with the HSPC016 gene inhibited, exhibit non-aggregative behaviour and grow much slower than normal DPC, and that the recombinant HSPC016 protein could promote the proliferation of high-passage DPC and induce its aggregative behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted extensive attention as precursors for the preparation of carbon-based materials due to their highly controllable composition, structure, and pore size distribution. However, there are few reports of MOFs using p-phenylenediamine (pPD) as the organic ligand. In this work, we report the preparation of a bimetallic MOF (CoCu-pPD) with pPD as the organic ligand, and its derived hollow carbon spheres (BMHCS). CoCu-pPD exhibits a hollow spherical structure assembled by nanosheets. BMHCS inherits the unique hollow spherical structure of CoCu-pPD, which also shows a large specific surface area and heteroatom doping. When using as the anode of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), BMHCS exhibits excellent cycling stability (the capacity of 306 mA h g−1 after 300 cycles at a current density of 1 A g−1 and the capacity retention rate of 90%) and rate capability (the sodium storage capacity of 240 mA h g−1 at 5 A g−1). This work not only provides a strategy for the preparation of pPD-based bimetallic-MOFs, but also enhances the thermal stability of the pPD-based MOFs. In addition, this work also offers a new case for the morphology control of assembled carbon materials and has achieved excellent performance in the field of SIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report a unique N/O co -doped urchin-like carbon microspheres (UCMSs) via facile pyrolysis process based on urchin-like polyaniline microspheres (UPMSs) as precursor. UPMSs are obtained through simple self-assembled method without any aided reagent, so the total preparation process of UCMSs is very easy and repeatable. Among three samples, UCMSs-600 shows high lithium storage capacity at 50 mA g−1 (952 mAh g−1) and UCMSs-700 possesses relatively good rate and cycling performance (only 0.026% of attenuation in every cycle at 0.5 A g−1). The correlation between structural parameters (carbon interlayer distance, ordered degree, pore structure and heteroatom doping) and lithium storage features (reversible capacity, rate and cycling performance) of UCMSs with different carbonization temperatures are discussed in detail. And we can obtain the conclusion that designing carbon materials with unique spherical structure and heteroatom-doped feature is a very efficient approach to obtain advanced lithium ion batteries. Unlabelled Image • Polyaniline-based N/O co-doped urchin-like carbon microspheres (UCMSs) were prepared. • The correlation between structure and lithium storage capacity of UCMSs was studied. • Synthesis of N/O co-doped carbon spheres is an effective way to get advanced anodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, Silicon (Si) is known as the next generation anode of lithium ion batteries (LIBs), owing to its high theoretical capacity, low lithium storage potential and natural abundance. However, the huge volume expansion and poor conductivity of silicon anodes restrict their practical application due to their poor cyclability and unsatisfied rate performances. Herein, to improve the electrochemical performance of silicon anodes, a facile one-step injection pyrolysis was used to construct a novel secondary conductive and buffer structure where Si nanoparticles are conformally coated by the interconnected onion-like carbon and then are anchored in graphene nanosheets (GNS) skeleton. The synergy of interconnected ordered onion-like carbon coating layer and GNS favors for promoting fast electron transfers and improving electrochemical kinetics, which benefits for achieving an excellent rate performance. Additionally, layer-by-layer strain relaxation by onion-like carbon and flexible GNS hierarchically buffer the substantial variation in volume of Si and then endow the composite with good cyclability. Specifically, the anode of GNS@OLC-Si shows high reversible capacity of 1129.3 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles at a current density of 0.5 A g−1. In rate performance test, the capacity retention of the GNS@OLC-Si is high especially at high current density (66.2% at 2 A g−1). Hence, a new secondary structure is successfully designed to accelerate the diffusion kinetics and buffer the volume change of Si, thereby achieving stable cyclabilities and rate performances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Three-dimensional porous carbon (3D-PC) was successfully prepared through simple gel and pyrolyzation procedures. • 3D-PC exhibits great rate capability and excellent cycling stability as anode for sodium ion batteries. • The excellent performance of 3D-PC could be attributed to the surface-dominated sodium storage mechanism. Porous carbon (PC) materials are the excellent alternative to anodes of high performance sodium ion batteries (SIBs). However, most PC materials are prepared with complicated and multi-step template method, which limits the mass production. Herein, we present a simple and repeatable calcination approach to synthesize three-dimensional porous carbon (3D-PC) materials using poly(p -phenylenediamine) hydrogel as precursor. N, O and P heteroatoms are successfully introduced into 3D-PC to provide more sodium storage sites. The obtained 3D-PC delivers high sodium storage capacity of 332 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1 and the reversible capacity still retains 139 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1. Moreover, 3D-PC also shows ultralong cycling life, the stable capacities of 212 mAh g−1 and 120 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles even at the high current density of 0.5 A g−1 and 5 A g−1, respectively. These results illustrate that 3D-PC electrode displays great rate capability and excellent cycling stability, which would be ascribed to surface-dominated sodium storage mechanism according to quantitative analysis. This method is low cost and effective for preparing high-performance porous carbon anodes for SIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the steel corridor of the first-stage construction for Panzhihua City Government Service Centre, this paper introduces the integral lifting scheme of multi-storey long-span beam grillage steel corridor. To ensure the safety and stability in the lifting process of steel corridor construction and to prevent sudden overload from affecting the later normal use, the finite element simulation of steel corridor before lifting and real-time monitoring during the lifting process were carried out. The results of finite element simulation were compared with the stress and deflection data monitored in real time. It shows that the numerical data obtained from the finite element methods (FEM) are slightly larger than those from the actual monitoring. It follows that the results obtained from FEM for the lifting is safer, the data obtained from FEM and monitoring agree with each other, and, accordingly, the study shows that the monitoring approach is applicable. The integral lifting scheme and monitoring approach presented here can be used as an interesting reference for similar projects. • The integral lifting scheme of multi-storey beam grillage steel corridor is reasonable. • The method of monitoring stress and deflection data is simple and practical. • The remote monitoring system ensures the safety of the monitors. • Deflection monitoring device is a new inventive device. • The monitoring data are in good agreement with the finite element simulation data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Single-atomic sulfur bonded with carbon atoms (C S C), functioning as main active redox sites to achieve high reversible capacity and rate performance. [Display omitted] Potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) as an emerging battery technology have garnered significant research interest. However, the development of high-performance PIBs critically hinges on reliable anode materials with comprehensive electrochemical performance and low cost. Herein, low-cost N -doped biomass-derived carbon-sulfur hybrids (NBCSHs) were prepared through a simple co-carbonization of the mixture of a biomass precursor (coffee grounds) and sulfur powder. The sulfur in NBCSHs predominantly exists in the form of single-atomic sulfur bonded with carbon atoms (C S C), functioning as main active redox sites to achieve high reversible capacity. Electrochemical evaluations reveal that the NBCSH 1–3 with moderate sulfur content shows significantly improved potassium storage performance, such as a high reversible capacity of 484.7 mAh g−1 and rate performance of 119.4 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1, 4.5 and 14.7 times higher than that of S-free biomass-derived carbon, respectively. Furthermore, NBCSH 1–3 exhibits stable cyclability (no obvious capacity fading even after 1000 cycles at 0.5 A g−1) and excellent electrochemical kinetics (low overpotentials and apparent diffusion coefficients). The improved performance of NBCSHs is primarily attributed to pseudocapacitance-dominated behavior with fast charge transfer capability. Density functional theory calculations also reveal that co-doping with S, N favors for achieving a stronger potassium adsorbing capability. Assemble K-ion capacitors with NBCS 1–3 as anodes demonstrate stable cyclability and commendable rate performance. Our research envisions the potential of NBCSHs as efficient and sustainable materials for advanced potassium-ion energy storage systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve electrochemical performance of MnO electrodes, the porous 3D interconnected MnO/C composite aerogel is, at first, fabricated through direct carbonization of polyacrylic acid (PAA)-assisted manganese-based aerogel. Herein, the influences of carbonization temperature and the amount of PAA on the microstructure and lithium storage performance of composites are presented. MnO/C composite aerogel n3-550 (carbothermal reduction at 550 °C with the 30 mmol addition of PAA) shows the minimal MnO crystalline size, and the MnO/C composite aerogel n3-650 (carbothermal reduction at 650 °C with the 30 mmol addition of PAA) has the largest surface area and highest porosity. When evaluated as anodes for lithium ion batteries, the composite n3-550 exhibits the highest reversible capacity of 1081.8 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at current density of 0.2 A g−1, n3-650 electrode displays the most outstanding rate capability (601 mAh g−1 at 2 A g−1), and the highest coulombic efficiency (initial coulombic efficiency of 69.8% and greater than 98% after the 6th cycles). These excellent electrochemical performances are as a result of the porous interconnected 3D networks composited of hybridized nano-MnO with carbon, providing outstanding electrical conductivity and 3D charge transport channels. This facile and efficient strategy provides a horizon and deep understanding for advancing the design of high-performance oxide based anode materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two deep learning models to reconstruct three-dimensional (3D) steady-state rotating flows are proposed to capture the spatial information: the 3D convolutional encoder–decoder and the 3D convolutional long short-term memory model. They are based on deep learning methods such as the encoder–decoder convolutional neural network and recurrent neural network. Their common components are an encoder, a middle layer, and a decoder. The rotating flows in a stirred tank with four inclined blades are calculated for the dataset to train and test the two models. A workflow for the flow field reconstruction is established and all variants made up of various components are executed according to the flow. The optimal networks of the two models are selected by comparing performance measures. The results show that both models have the excellent ability to fit the 3D rotating flow field. Performance measures of the second model are better than those of the first one, but its running time is slower than that of the first one. In practice, this method can be used in the design and optimization of stirred tanks, centrifugal pumps, and other machines with rotating parts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cervical cancer is a common cancer in women. HPV16 E6 oncoprotein is a reliable biomarker for cervical cancer. Although there are other methods for detecting E6 oncoprotein, the electrochemical method has more advantages, such as low cost, convenience and speed. In this study, a novel dual-signal electrochemical immunosensor for quick and sensitive detection of E6 oncoprotein based on a high efficiency catalyst and signal label was developed. Herein, to achieve quick detection, palladium–boron–phosphorus dendritic ternary nanospheres (PdBP NSs) not only acted as a catalyst to catalyze H2O2, but also as a support material to capture antibodies. Moreover, to realize sensitive detection, nanocomposites of mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with methylene blue and coated with chitosan (MBSi-Chi) were synthesized as a signal label, which can produce electrochemical signal. Under optimal conditions, the label-free immunosensor exhibited a linear range of 100 fg mL−1 to 4 ng mL−1 with a detection limit of 72.8 fg mL−1 (S/N = 3), and the sandwich-type immunosensor presented a linear range of 50 fg mL−1 to 4 ng mL−1 with a detection limit of 34.1 fg mL−1 (S/N = 3). The as-prepared dual-signal immunosensor had desirable specificity, stability and repeatability, implying its potential applications in clinical laboratory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regardless of technical advancements, delayed bleeding is still a common adverse event after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), often occurring in the early postoperative phase. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a newly designed polyethylene oxide (PEO) adhesive for preventing delayed gastric bleeding. Patients who underwent gastric ESD between December 2017 and December 2020 at three Chinese institutions were retrospectively reviewed. Patients receiving PEO application on gastric post-ESD ulcers were included in the PEO group, and patients without this procedure were included in the control group. To minimize potential bias, propensity score matching was performed, and sex, age, lesion size, lesion morphology, ulceration, localization, procedure time, frequency of major intraoperative bleeding, resected specimen size, lesion histopathology, submucosal invasion and the taking of antithrombotic drugs were included as matching factors. The incidence of delayed bleeding and time to bleeding were compared between both groups. After propensity score matching, 270 patients (135 per group) were included in the analysis. The delayed bleeding rate in the PEO group was significantly lower than that in the control group (1.5%, 2/135 vs. 8.9%, 12/135, P = 0.006). The median time (range) to bleeding was 4.5 (4–5) days in the PEO group and 2 (1–15) days in the control group, with no significant difference (P = 0. 198). PEO demonstrated a significant effect in reducing the rate of delayed bleeding. Further study is warranted to confirm the efficacy of PEO for bleeding that occurs in the early phase after gastric ESD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regardless of technical advancements, delayed bleeding is still a common adverse event after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), often occurring in the early postoperative phase. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a newly designed polyethylene oxide (PEO) adhesive for preventing delayed gastric bleeding. Patients who underwent gastric ESD between December 2017 and December 2020 at three Chinese institutions were retrospectively reviewed. Patients receiving PEO application on gastric post-ESD ulcers were included in the PEO group, and patients without this procedure were included in the control group. To minimize potential bias, propensity score matching was performed, and sex, age, lesion size, lesion morphology, ulceration, localization, procedure time, frequency of major intraoperative bleeding, resected specimen size, lesion histopathology, submucosal invasion and the taking of antithrombotic drugs were included as matching factors. The incidence of delayed bleeding and time to bleeding were compared between both groups. After propensity score matching, 270 patients (135 per group) were included in the analysis. The delayed bleeding rate in the PEO group was significantly lower than that in the control group (1.5%, 2/135 vs. 8.9%, 12/135, P = 0.006). The median time (range) to bleeding was 4.5 (4–5) days in the PEO group and 2 (1–15) days in the control group, with no significant difference (P = 0. 198). PEO demonstrated a significant effect in reducing the rate of delayed bleeding. Further study is warranted to confirm the efficacy of PEO for bleeding that occurs in the early phase after gastric ESD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patients with persistent ulcerative colitis (UC) are at a higher risk of developing colitis-associated cancer (CAC). Previous studies have reported that intestinal microbiota disturbance plays an important role in the process of CAC development in patients with UC, indicating that targeted intervention of intestinal microbiota and its metabolites may be a potential therapeutic strategy. Gut microbiota in the process of colorectal cancer development in UC patients was analyzed using the gutMEGA database and verified in fecal samples. The abundance of Bacteroides fragilis reduced significantly in the process of colitis associated cancer development. Broad-spectrum antibiotics (BSAB) intervene with the intestinal microbiota of mice and accelerate the process of colon cancer development. However, gavage transplantation with B. fragilis can effectively reverse the effects of BSAB. In the intestinal tract, B. fragilis promotes the secretion of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Subsequently, SCFAs, especially butyrate, negatively regulate the inflammatory signaling pathway mediated by NLRP3 to inhibit the activation of macrophages and the secretion of proinflammatory mediators such as IL-18 and IL-1β, reducing the level of intestinal inflammation and restricting CAC development. In conclusion, colonization with B. fragilis has been shown to be effective in ameliorating intestinal epithelial damage caused by chronic inflammation and preventing the development of colonic tumors. Thus, it can be a therapeutic intervention strategy with good clinical application prospects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three novel organic dyes coded as FWD9 , FWD10 and FHD7 with different donors were reported in this work. Their molecular structures were fully characterized and photophysical/electrochemical properties as well as performances as sensitizers for DSSCs were scrutinized in detail. By the adoption of 1-(2-ethylhexyl)pyrrole moiety, dye aggregation was efficiently suppressed and better power conversion efficiencies were observed for all the three dyes compared with the addition of coadsorbent chenodeoxycholic acid. FWD9 with bis(4-styryl)phenyl amino donor exhibited the best power conversion efficiency to be 5.80% among the three dyes, while the J sc to be 13.95 mA cm−2, V oc to be 0.66 V and FF to be 0.63, and it was unnecessary to add adsorbent to suppress the dye aggregation. • Three organic dyes that could suppress dye aggregation by themselves were reported. • SMOD FWD9 achieved PCE of 5.80% without the addition of coadsorbent. • FWD9 with bis(4-styryl)phenyl amino donor showed better light-harvesting capability. • The addition of CDCA caused a severe reduction of J sc for these dyes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies with a dismal 5-year survival rate. Our recent study indicated that Rab1A expression was closely related to GLI1 expression. A previous study shows that aberrant overexpression of GLI1 promotes colorectal cancer metastasis via FoxM1 overexpression. However, the potential correlation between Rab1A and FoxM1 in CRC remains elusive. Immunohistochemistry was performed to investigate the association of the expression of Rab1A and FoxM1 and to determine the prognosis in 135 CRC tissue and adjacent normal tissues. Using Oncomine datasets, we found that Rab1A and FoxM1 mRNA were obviously upregulated in CRC tissues compared to normal tissues. Additionally, the expression of Rab1A and FoxM1 was significantly higher in CRC tissues than that in normal tissues. Rab1A expression was positively correlated with FoxM1 expression in CRC, especially in TNM stage III. In addition, Rab1A and FoxM1 overexpression was found to be significantly correlated with poor prognosis in CRC patients. Besides, both high expression of Rab1A and FoxM1 led to a worse prognosis than anyone low group, and both low expression of Rab1A and FoxM1 had a better prognosis than the anyone low group. Therefore, Rab1A and FoxM1 play crucial roles and could be used as clinical biomarkers in CRC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Ultrafine ZnS quantum dots (QD) with sub-10 nm-scale decorated reduced graphene oxide composites is prepared by a very simple and low-energy two-step method. First, we prepare zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) and graphene oxide composites by stirring at room temperature. Then, the ZnS quantum dots and reduced graphene oxide composites (ZnS/GAs) is obtained by refluxing and annealing. Because of the smaller nanosize of ZnS and the addition of reduced graphene oxide, the composites exhibit the excellent specific capacity and the superior cycle performance for ZnS-based anodes. Meanwhile, N-doped carbon and reduced graphene oxide composites (NC/GAs) is also prepared by direct carbonization of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks and graphene composites. The ZnS/GAs is tested for SIBs; The capacity is still stable at 539 mAh/g at 100 mA/g, 512 mAh/g at 200 mA/g and 456 mAh/g at 500 mA/g after 100 cycles. Even when the current density is increased to 1 A/g, the capacity can still reach 362 mAh/g after 300 cycles. The NC/GAs is also tested for SIBs; the capacity is still stable at 283 mAh/g at 100 mA/g after 100 cycles and can still achieve 202 mAh/g at 1 A/g after 1000 cycles. Highlights • The ZnS/GAs composites is prepared by simple and low-energy method. • The composites exhibit excellent specific capacity and cycle performance. • The capacity of ZnS/GAs is still stable at 539 mAh/g at 100 mA/g. • The capacity of NC/GAs is still stable at 283 mAh/g at 100 mA/g. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • SEB induces insensitivity to glucocorticoids in atopic dermatitis. • SEB inhibits dexamethasone-induced GRα nuclear translocation in keratinocytes. • Accumulation of cytoplasmic GRα is related to elevation of FKBP51 in HaCaT cells. Abstract Background staphylococcal enterotoxin plays an important role in patients with glucocorticoid (GC)-resistant atopic dermatitis (AD), but the exact mechanism is not fully understood. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms underlying the ability of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) to induce steroid insensitivity through impaired nuclear translocation of GRα in keratinocytes. Methods The steroid-resistant AD induced by SEB was assessed by analyzing dermatitis score, dermal thickness, scratching behavior, infiltrating cells/HPF, levels of SEB-specific IgE and IgG2a antibody. In addition, dexamethasone (DEX)-induced GRα nuclear translocation and keratinocyte-derived cytokines and chemokines were analyzed in the lesional keratinocytes of AD and in HaCaT cells. Furthermore, the expressions of immunophilins FKBP51, FKBP52 and HSP90 responsive to GC in HaCaT cells were determined in the presence of SEB. Results SEB dose-dependently diminished the inhibitory effect of DEX on dermatitis score, dermal thickness, scratching behavior, infiltrating cells/HPF, keratinocyte-derived cytokines and chemokines such as RANTES, MCP-1, TSLP and GM-CSF. In vivo and in vitro data showed that in the presence of DEX, SEB dose-dependently caused a marked decrease of GRα nuclear translocation in lesional keratinocytes of AD and in HaCaT cells. Importantly, in the presence of DEX, SEB increased the expression of FKBP51 and the product of keratinocyte-derived cytokines and chemokines in HaCaT cells. Conclusion These results demonstrate that GC insensitivity by SEB in keratinocytes of AD is associated with impaired nuclear translocation of the GRα. Increased DEX-induced FKBP51 by SEB may contribute to accumulation of the GRα in cytoplasm of keratinocytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The mathematical model of ASC and its calculation method are proposed. • The model of optimized ASC (OASC) is proposed, which can further exploit the ASC. • The ASC obtained is complete and precise as it considers all load growth patterns. • The ASC obtained can be used for real-time evaluation of supply capability margin. This paper proposes the mathematical model, and calculation method of available supply capability (ASC) for distribution systems. Firstly, the mathematical model for ASC is established, considering all allowed load increments from the present operating point to the security boundary of a distribution system. Secondly, the calculation method for the ASC model is proposed. The results of the proposed method can describe the available supply capability of a distribution system completely, including not only the ASC values, but also some other important data, such as all load growth patterns and cross-boundary points when the system reaches its security boundary. Finally, an IEEE RBTS test system with DGs is used to demonstrate the proposed models and method. Similar to the ATC of the transmission systems, the proposed ASC is an important operational index that can help operators accurately evaluate the supply capability margin of a distribution system. The ASC relevant operational guides are also given in this paper. This work lays the foundation for establishing the ASC theory for distribution systems, which corresponds to the ATC theory for transmission systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• New-type 2D images of the distribution system security region (DSSR) are observed. • Simple-concave regions and complex-concave regions of the DSSR are discovered. • The concave-convex characteristics of DSSR are determined through direct observation. • The concave-convex mechanisms of DSSR are completely revealed for the first time. • The proposed mechanisms can enlighten the security region in other research fields. This paper observes the concavity-convexity of the distribution system security region (DSSR) and explains the observation results. Firstly, DSSR is observed in 2D space, and more complex 2D images are newly discovered. Secondly, to explain how the new images are formed, the concave regions are observed in 3D space, and their inner space and surface characteristics are discovered by convex decomposition. There are two kinds of concave regions, i.e., simple-concave regions and complex-concave regions. The former is only a backup region, while the latter also contains a sectional region covering the surface of the backup region, partially compensating for the dent of the former. Thirdly, based on the load transfer after an N-1 contingency, the mechanisms of the concave regions and new images are revealed. It is found that a concave region is generated by the union of sub-regions formed from multiple load transfer paths. Finally, the observation results and mechanisms are tested on an expanded IEEE RBTS-Bus4 case. This paper is the first in a two-part series on the concavity-convexity of DSSR. It reveals the concave-convex characteristics and mechanisms of DSSR through direct observation, which lays a theoretical foundation for security assessment and optimal control based on DSSR. Part Ⅱ will reveal the concave-convex principle of DSSR through mathematical deduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plasmonic nanoparticles that self-assemble into highly ordered superlattice nanostructures hold substantial promise for facilitating ultra-trace surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection. Herein, we propose a boiling-point evaporation method to synthesize ordered monocrystal-like superlattice Au nanostructures (OML-Au NTs) with a polyhedral morphology. Combined with thermal nanoimprint technology, OML-Au NTs were directly transferred to impact-resistant polystyrene (IPS) flexible SERS substrates, the obtained flexible substrates (donated as OML-Au NTs/IPS) detection limit for R6G molecules as low as 10−13 M. These results were confirmed by simulating the electromagnetic field distribution of ordered/unordered two-dimensional single-layer and three-dimensional aggregated gold nanostructures. The OML-Au NTs/IPS substrates were successfully used to detect and quantify three commonly-used agricultural pesticides, achieving detection limits as low as 10−11 M and 10−12 M, and in situ real-time detection limit reached 0.24 pg/cm2 for thiram on apple peels, which was 3 orders of magnitude lower than the current detection limit. In addition, the Raman intensity from multiple locations showed a relative standard deviation lower than 7 %, exhibiting the reliability necessary for practical applications. As a result, this research demonstrates a highly reproducible method to enable the development of plasmonic nanomaterials with flexible superstructures. [Display omitted] • Demonstrates a new type of flexible SERS substrate for the rough surfaces. • The OML-Au NTs have greater potential in SERS detection than the disordered. • The OML-Au NTs/IPS detection limit for R6G molecules is as low as 10−13 M. • The detection limit for three common pesticides is as low as 10−11 M and 10−12 M. • Thiram's in situ detection limit was 3 magnitude orders lower than the present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new protocol for processing of pumpkin juice was set up which included fermentation by the basidiomycete Ganoderma lucidum at 28 °C for 7 d. The growth curve of G. lucidum in pumpkin juice was successfully ( R2 = 0.99) fitted by a 4-parameter logistic model and the ideal highest biomass was estimated to be 4.79 g/L. G. lucidum was found to have a significant acidification effect on pumpkin juice. The lowest pH (4.05 ± 0.05) and highest total titratable acidity (14.31 ± 0.16 mL 0.1 M NaOH/100 mL) were found on the 4th day during fermentation. Sugars in pumpkin juice fermented with G. lucidum showed a significant decrease, especially glucose and fructose. On the contrary, the release of exo-polysaccharides and free amino acids greatly enriched the pumpkin juice. The variation of color index and viscosity also mirrored the above behavior. Based on headspace solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, 68 volatile compounds were identified, including 17 esters, 14 alcohols, 13 phenyl compounds, 11 aldehydes, 8 ketones, 3 acids, 1 furan, and 1 benzothiazole. The pumpkin juices fermented for different days were markedly differentiated with principal component analysis and the fermentation process was tentatively divided into 3 periods: the booming (from the 1st to 4th day), steady (from the 5th to 6th day), and decline (the 7th day) period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Different degrees of acetylated pumpkin polysaccharides were obtained. [•] Antioxidant activities of polysaccharide and its derivatives were investigated. [•] Cytoprotective effect of polysaccharide before and after acetylation was checked. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gastrointestinal cancers have become increasingly prevalent worldwide. Previous studies have reported an oncogenic function of Rab1A in colorectal cancer and hepatocellular carcinomas via the mTOR pathway. However, the exact role of Rab1A in gastrointestinal cancers remains elusive. We detected significantly higher expression of Rab1A in the gastrointestinal tumor tissues compared to that in other cancer types following an in silico analysis of TGCA and GTEX databases. Furthermore, Rab1A was overexpressed in the gastrointestinal tumor tissues compared to the para-tumor tissues. Although Rab1A expression levels were not associated with the tumor-lymph node-metastasis (TNM) stage, Rab1A overexpression in the tumor tissues of a gastric cancer (GC) cohort was strongly correlated with poor prognosis in the patients. In addition, Rab1A knockdown significantly inhibited the in vitro proliferation and migration abilities of GC cells, as well as the growth of GC xenografts in vivo. Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between Rab1A expression levels and that of different upstream/downstream mTOR targets. Taken together, Rab1A regulates the PI3K-AKT-mTORC1 pathway through the mTORC1 complex consisting of mTORC1, Rheb and Rab1A, and is a promising therapeutic target in GC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]