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Morphological composition of eggs depending on flock age and lysozyme activity in the albumen and also in the amniotic fluid may affect the results of egg incubation and hatching of goslings. The aim of the study was determination of the effect of consecutive laying seasons in Biała Kołudzka® geese on morphological composition of goose eggs. Evaluation of the content and activity of lysozyme was also conducted in the study. The development of lysozyme activity in the amniotic fluid during embryogenesis was taken into consideration. Research material was obtained from geese in four different laying seasons. A total of 280 eggs were evaluated. Analysis of the morphological composition of eggs in each consecutive laying season indicated that the weight of egg, yolk, thick and thin albumen increase significantly. Eggs obtained in the first production year were characterised by a higher content of total albumen and eggshell, and they had the best physical traits of albumen, as well as the lowest yolk proportion. It was observed that with consecutive laying seasons, the content and activity of lysozyme in the thick albumen decreases. Despite the observed differences in the content and activity of lysozyme in the fresh albumen fraction, it was found that, irrespective of the production season, the activity of this compound in the amniotic fluid increased. Irrespective of female age, the level of embryo protection during embryogenesis is similar. During embryogenesis, lysozyme activity was low compared to that in the fresh albumen fraction. This might be due to low resistance of lysozyme type "g" to high temperatures and changing pH in the egg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amyloidosis represents a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by the deposition of pathological material of protein nature in target tissues and organs. Hereditary amyloidosis is a disease with autosomal dominant inheritance and considerable phenotypic variability and penetrance. It is caused by a germline mutation in the gene encoding amyloidogenic precursor protein. Development of hereditary amyloidosis is currently associated with mutations in the following amyloidogenic precursor proteins: transthyretin, apolipoprotein AI and AII, fibrinogen, gelsolin, lysozyme, cystatin C. Worldwide incidence of hereditary amyloidosis is highly variable with clearly visible differences between endemic areas and non-endemic areas. The incidence of hereditary amyloidosis in the Czech Republic remains unknown. As hereditary amyloidosis is a rare disease and awareness among physicians is low, diagnosis is often very difficult. Due to the hereditary nature of the disease, carefully acquired family medical history is a key from a diagnostic aspect. This review described the seven most common types of hereditary amyloidosis, their genetic background, clinical features and treatment options. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eine Aptamer ‐ basierte Strategie wurde für die Hochdurchsatz ‐ Analyse von Proteinbiomarkern wie Lysozym mit MALDI ‐ TOF ‐ MS entwickelt. Die Aptamere wurden durch Aufbau kovalenter Bindungen mit einer stabilen und porösen Goldschicht auf der Probenplatte befestigt. Ein Infrarot ‐ Laser wurde anschließend für die schnelle Proteolyse verwendet (siehe Bild). Hohe Empfindlichkeiten wurden sowohl in Standardlösungen als auch in menschlichem Urin erreicht. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]