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A comprehensive revision is presented of the Oriental and Australasian diving beetle genus Sandracottus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Dytiscinae: Aciliini) and seven junior subjective synonyms are proposed. Sandracottus guerini Balfour-Browne, 1939, syn. nov. is a junior subjective synonym of S. femoralis Heller, 1934; S. manipurensis Vazirani, 1969, syn. nov. of S. hunteri (Crotch, 1872); S. mixtus Blanchard, 1843, syn. nov. of S. chevrolati (Aubé, 1838); and S. angulifer Heller, 1934, syn. nov., S. nauticus Sharp, 1882, syn. nov., and S. palawanensis Satô, 1978, syn. nov. of S. maculatus (Wehncke, 1876). Finally, S. vijayakumari Anand et al., 2021, syn. nov. is a new synonym of S. dejeanii (Aubé, 1838). New status is assigned to S. bakewellii guttatus (Sharp, 1882), stat. nov. as well as S. hunteri (Crotch, 1872), stat. rev. Lectotypes are designated for the following taxa: Dytiscus flavocinctus Guérin-Méneville, 1830, Hydaticus chevrolati Aubé, 1838, Hydaticus insignis Wehncke, 1876, Sandracottus baeri Régimbart, 1899, Sandracottus bizonatus Régimbart, 1899, and Sandracottus ornatus Sharp, 1882. A neotype is designated for Hydaticus maculatus Wehncke, 1876. In total, three Oriental species, two of which also occur in the East Palaearctic, six Southeast Asian species, one species from New Guinea and the Moluccas, and one from Australia with an endemic subspecies in Central Australia (S. bakewellii guttatus) are recognised. Each taxon is presented with a diagnosis, habitat preferences, conservation assessments, distribution data, and a comprehensive bibliography. Important characters (habitus, dorsal colouration, median lobes and parameres) are illustrated. All currently valid taxa are redescribed. Sandracottus jaechi Wewalka & Vazirani, 1975 from Sri Lanka, S. bizonatus from Borneo, S. insignis from the Philippines and S. rotundus Sharp, 1882 from Sulawesi are recommended to be listed in the next IUCN red data book. A key to all species is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship of Xylomoia strix Mikkola, 1980; Xylomoia retinax Mikkola, 1998; and Xylomoia stangelmaieri Mikkola, 1998 is reconsidered based on 59 genitalia slides (37 males and 22 females) and 40 barcodes of adults collected from the type localities and areas in-between. Due to lack of stable morphologic differences, apart from the wing coloration of X. retinax, and low genetic distance between the three, they are considered as three subspecies of X. strix: the nominotypical one X. strix stangelmaieri stat. nov. and X. strix retinax stat. nov. Included are photographs of all specimens covering 37 adults, and 28 male and 18 female genitalia, as well as a phylogenetic tree and a map showing collecting localities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with two species of the genus Clanoptilus Motschulsky, 1854. A new one is described from Aegean region of Turkey; one from Azerbaijan is resurrected from synonymy and redescribed, and a neotype is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data on the collection of the genus Epepeotes Pascoe, 1866 deposited in the Natural History Museum, London are presented. A total of 23 species/subspecies, including type specimens of 18 names, of them 13 valid, are recorded. Epepeotes uncinatus lineatopunctatus Breuning, 1960 is restored to subspecies-level status. Lectotypes are designated for Epepeotes uncinatus uncinatus Gahan, 1888 and Epepeotes andamanicus Gahan, 1893. Epepeotes luscus luscus (Fabricius, 1787) is newly recorded in Cambodia and Singapore, and Epepeotes uncinatus uncinatus Gahan, 1888 is newly recorded in Bangladesh. Images of the type and other significant specimens are provided for 23 taxa, mainly for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trichomyia is a cosmopolitan genus, and it is the only genus of Trichomyiinae to include extant species. In recent years, an increasing number of species belonging to the genus have been described, particularly from the Neotropics. However, phylogenetic studies of these species are lacking. In addition, few studies have focused on this group, and none has focused on it exclusively, making it difficult to classify objectively the high diversity known today. Herein, we present the first phylogenetic analysis of Trichomyia. We studied specimens from all continents to propose a phylogeny and used it as the basis of a new classification. Two clades proposed as genera were recovered. The canonical informal classification of Trichomyia into Groups A and B is discussed, and Gondwanotrichomyia is assigned a new status. Although we do not propose a subgeneric classification for Trichomyiinae, we provide some comments on the previously proposed subgenera based on our phylogeny. In addition, we report on the expanded distribution of Trichomyia festiva , Trichomyia gabia and Trichomyia imarui. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Schusterolejeunea inundata (Spruce) Grolle is a widespread, yet poorly known species restricted to riparian habitats of the Amazon Basin in northern South America. Since its original description by Richard Spruce in 1884, phenotypic differences among populations convinced the original author to split the taxon into two varieties. An extensive review of Schusterolejeunea Grolle specimens hailing from disparate regions of the Amazon Basin has provided convincing evidence of discontinuities among leaf, lobule, and perianth morphology offering support for a novel taxonomic proposal. In the present review, the genus Schusterolejeunea encompasses two species, S. inundata and the newly elevated species Schusterolejeunea saxorum (Spruce) A.M.Sierra & C.E.Zartman, stat. nov., comb. nov., which differs from S. inundata by its oblong leaves, with large rectangular to oblong lobules, that cover 1/3-2/3 of the leaf lobe, and the perianth with five indistinct low keels. The variety Schusterolejeunea inundata var. fontinaloides (Spruce) A.M.Sierra & C.E.Zartman, comb. nov. is considered a distinct taxon, distinguished from S. inundata var. inundata by its ovate leaves, and lobules on the primary stem triangular with a longer keel extending 6-12 cells long. For each taxon, we present a detailed morphological description, current geographical distribution, and illustrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the importance of morphological characters for classification, molecular data are now more widely used than morphology in phylogenetic reconstructions, particularly in studies of algae. The tribe Ceramieae C.Agardh ex Greville (Ceramiaceae) is a widespread, speciose, and morphologically diverse group of valuable red algae with many identified bioactives. We aimed to elucidate phylogenetic relationships in the tribe to delimit genera and provide a new classification. Generic delimitation is currently based on morphological characters, and there has been no overall reassessment of generic circumscriptions and evolutionary relationships using molecular data. We used three molecular markers (mitochondrial COI-5P, plastid rbcL and nuclear LSU). Within the Ceramieae, several clades are recovered, although the relationships among major clades are not supported. These clades are here recognized as genera, with new circumscriptions for Ceramium Roth, Carpoblepharis Kützing, Herpochondria F.Schmitz & Falkenberg, Campylaephora J.Agardh and Celeceras Kützing, and the proposal of Pseudoceramium Barros-Barreto & Maggs, gen. nov., Yoneshiguea Barros-Barreto, Maggs & M.A.Jaramillo, gen. nov. and Stirkia Barros-Barreto & Maggs, gen. nov. The Ceramieae show a high degree of morphological homoplasy among species as well as extreme phenotypic plasticity within species. Genera lack unique synapomorphies and multiple morphological characters are required to define most of them. Molecular data are critical for understanding systematics in this group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the analysis of the literature data and specimens from museum and private collections the checklist of species belonging to the genus Sophrops Faimaire, 1887 has been collated. Each species is presented with its full synonymy, bibliographical data, and distribution in alphabetical order. For 15 species, a new taxonomic status has been proposed. The new distributional data of some species are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All cavernicolous species of the millipede family Trichopolydesmidae from the Carpathian-Balkan arch and the Rhodope Mountains have been reviewed. At present the family has been shown to comprise five or six genera with eight or nine species. Two new genera have been described, viz., Balkanodesminus gen. nov., with two new species: B. dentatoides sp. nov. and B. serbicus sp. nov., from Bulgaria and Serbia, respectively, and the monospecific Rhodopodesmus gen. nov., with R. niveus sp. nov., from Bulgaria. Two new combinations and one new status have been proposed: Balkanodesminus bulgaricus (Strasser, 1962) comb. nov. ex Bacillidesmus bulgaricus Strasser, 1962 and Balkanodesminus dentatus (Strasser, 1966a) comb. nov., stat. nov. ex Bacillidesmus bulgaricus dentatus Strasser, 1966a. All genera and species are diagnosed with the inclusion of the most relevant remarks for each of them. Old museum types are checked for Bacillidesmus filiformis (Latzel, 1884) with lectotype designation, as well as for Trichopolydesmus eremitis Verhoeff, 1898. An identification key to all six genera and a distribution map for the eight species are provided, as well as brief remarks and general considerations on the family Trichopolydesmidae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taxonomical, geographical and nomenclatorial aspects of Merizomena Chaudoir, 1873 are discussed. The genus Merizomena is divided in to 2 subgenera Merizomena s.str. and Dichromenta subg. n. One new species is described: M. kabaki sp. n. (Tajikistan). M. schoenmanni (Kirschenhofer, 1994) is restored as a valid species. Five new synonyms are established: M. silvatica Mikhailov, 1977 syn. n. = M. tricolor (Gebler, 1845); M. klapperichi (JedliËka, 1956) syn. n. = M. grandinella (Semenov, 1889); M. afgana (JedliËka, 1956) syn. n. = M. grandinella; M. buettikeri (Mateu, 1986) syn. n. = M. castanea (Klug, 1832); M. yemenita (Mateu, 1986) syn. n. = M. castanea. A lectotype is designated for M. castanea (Klug, 1832). Distribution maps are added. An identification key is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The subgenus Rhoicosphenula Lange-Bert. has a unique character combination that differentiates it from Gomphosphenia subgen. Gomphosphenia Lange-Bert. In particular, Rhoicosphenula has striae/areola features that are similar to Gomphosphenia, but is differentiated from that genus by also having pseudosepta present on both poles of the valves, copulae with septa at one of the poles, and frustules almost rectangular in girdle view. Together, this character combination strongly supports it as an independent genus following modern diatom-taxonomy criteria. Moreover, the only species of Rhoicosphenula known so far was collected from a peculiar acidic and dystrophic habitat, whilst most Gomphosphenia s.s. species colonize medium-conductivity, alkaline inland waters. On the basis of LM and SEM studies, we also propose a species of Gomphosphenia (G. patrickiana Cantonati, Lange-Bert., Kociolek & A.A.Saber, sp. nov.) as new to science. The new species is mainly defined by its valve outline and dimensions, length to breadth ratio, striation density, and geographical distribution. It was found in several samples of two streams in Puerto Rico, sometimes with high relative abundance. Gomphosphenia patrickiana Cantonati, Lange-Bert., Kociolek & A.A.Saber, sp. nov. was much more abundant in the stream with lower nutrient (in particular P) concentrations, and higher ecological integrity. The new species seems to prefer moderately alkaline freshwater habitats with medium-high conductivity and oligo- to mesotrophic conditions, with moderate tolerance to N enrichment. Also noteworthy is the occurrence of the new species in streams with above-average magnesium concentrations (due to the local geology). This Neotropical, warm-water species might be a potential indicator of global warming effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, some discoveries found in the taxonomy study of Vitis L. in Zhejiang Province were reported:(1)Two new species(V. kaihuaica Z. H. Chen, F. Chen et W. Y. Xie, V. amoena Z. H. Chen, F. Chen et W. Y. Xie)and one new variety(V. longquanensis var. glandulosa Z. H. Chen, F. Chen et W. Y. Xie)were described with plates.(2)V. adenoclada Hand.-Mazz. was downgraded into a variety of V. heyneana Roem. et Schult.,namely V. heyneana Roem. et Schult. var. adenoclada(Hand.-Mazz.)Z. H. Chen, F. Chen et W. Y. Xie.(3)V. davidii (Roman. Du Caill.)Föex var. cyanocarpa(Gagnep.)Sarg. was a new record of Zhejiang Province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Faunistic data for 22 species of genus Pachyteria Audinet-Serville, 1883, deposited in Daugavpils University Beetle Collection (DUBC) is provided. The studied specimens are originated from six countries of the Oriental Region: Laos, China, Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia and Vietnam are given. The taxonomic status of P. diversipes bouvieri Ritsema, 1896, stat. rest. known from Laos and Thailand is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Frullania diversitexta Steph. currently occupies its own subgenus, subg. Diversitextae (Kamim.) S.Hatt., although its taxonomic placement is somewhat enigmatic. The habit of the species, as well as the position and shape of the lobules, are morphologically comparable to species in subg. Diastaloba Spruce and subg. Frullania Spruce, whereas its tuberculate perianth ornamentation is reminiscent of species in subg. Trachycolea Spruce. Here, molecular sequence data resolves F. diversitexta within subg. Trachycolea in a relationship with F. plana Sull. (sect. Planae R.M.Schust.). Frullania diversitexta and F. plana have a similar branching pattern, leaf lobe shape, leaf cell areolation, stylus, lobule position, underleaf shape and primary branch appendages that often have two saccate lobules. Differences in their lobule shape, sexuality, position of the gynoecia and perianth ornamentation, however, decidedly warrant the placement of F. diversitexta in its own section, sect. Diversitextae (Kamim.) J.J.Atwood, Vilnet & Mamontov, stat. nov. Lectotypes are designated for F. diversitexta and its three synonyms: F. abducens Steph., F. sendaica Steph. and F. tosana Horik. (replaced synonym of F. tenella Steph., hom. illeg.). Frullania ignatovii Sofronova, Mamontov & Potemkin, having obovoid, skull shaped lobules with an unusual bilabiate mouth, is also resolved within subg. Trachycolea, in a sister relationship with F. davurica Hampe and F. jackii Gottsche. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wasps of the genus Eustenogaster van der Vecht, 1969, with 17 species currently recognized, are distributed from the Indian subcontinent in the west to the Philippines, Sulawesi Island and Java Island in the east. Two new species of hover wasp genus Eustenogaster (E. multifolia sp. nov., E. sumatraensis sp. nov.) are described from specimens collected in Sumatra Island. The female of E. vietnamensis occurring in Vietnam are described for the first time. The lectotypes of Paravespa eva Bell, 1936 and Ischnogaster ornatifrons Cameron, 1902 are designated. The new taxonomic status is proposed for Stenogaster eximioides Dover and Rao, 1922 as a good (=valid) species of Eustenogaster. The synonymy of Ischnogaster ornatifrons Cameron, 1902 with Eustenogaster micans (de Saussure, 1852) has been confirmed. A revised key to species and a taxonomic and distributional checklist of all the species of Eustenogaster are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The classifi cation of Microhoriini Bonadona, 1974 is revised. Five genera are recognized: Aulacoderus LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849, Falsophilus Kejval, 2015, Liparoderus LaFerté- Sénectère, 1849, Microhoria Chevrolat, 1877, and Neocrohoria Telnov, 2019. (i) New species: Microhoria almukalla Kejval, sp. nov. (Yemen), M. anahita Kejval, sp. nov. (Iran), M. antalya Kejval, sp. nov. (Turkey), M. bacillisternum Kejval, sp. nov. (Iran), M. cervi Kejval, sp. nov. (Oman), M. fergana Kejval, sp. nov. (Kyrgyzstan), M. garavuti Kejval, sp. nov. (Tajikistan), M. gibbipennis Kejval, sp. nov. (Turkey), M. halophila Kejval, sp. nov. (Turkey), M. hazara Kejval, sp. nov. (Afghanistan), M. heracleana Kejval, sp. nov. (Greece), M. impavida Kejval, sp. nov. (Turkey), M. kabulensis Kejval, sp. nov. (Afghanistan), M. kermanica Kejval, sp. nov. (Iran), M. pahlavi Kejval, sp. nov. (Iran), M. persica Kejval, sp. nov. (Iran), M. strejceki Kejval, sp. nov. (Tajikistan), M. sawda Kejval, sp. nov. (Saudi Arabia), and M. sulaimanica Kejval, sp. nov. (Pakistan, Uzbekistan). (ii) New synonymies: Microhoria Chevrolat, 1877 = Clavicomus Pic, 1894 syn. nov. = Tenuicomus Pic, 1894 syn. nov.; Microhoria depressa (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) = Anthicus mollis Desbrochers des Loges, 1875 syn. nov.; Microhoria edmondi (Pic, 1893) = Anthicus spinosus Pic, 1912 syn. nov.; Microhoria globipennis (Pic, 1897) = Anthicus globipennis quercicola Sahlberg, 1913 syn. nov.; Microhoria luristanica (Pic, 1911) = Anthicus pietschmi Pic, 1938 syn. nov.; Microhoria ottomana (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) = Anthicus merkli Pic, 1897 syn. nov.; Microhoria pinicola (Reitter, 1889) = Microhoria feroni Bonadona, 1960 syn. nov.; Microhoria posthuma (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) = Anthicus fumeoalatus Krekich- -Strassoldo, 1931 syn. nov.; Microhoria truncatipennis (Pic, 1897) = Anthicus mouzafferi Pic, 1910 syn. nov. (iii) Status changes. Anthicus tauricus var. inobscura Pic, 1908 is raised to species level as Microhoria inobscura (Pic, 1908) stat. nov.; Anthicus truncatus var. decoloratus Pic, 1897 is removed from synonymy with Anthicus truncatus Pic, 1895 and raised to species level as Microhoria decolorata (Pic, 1897) stat. restit. (iv) New combinations: Microhoria disconotata (Pic, 1907) comb. nov., M. fossicollis (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. gestroi (Pic, 1895) comb. nov., M. irregularis (Pic, 1932) comb. nov., M. lividipes (Desbrochers des Loges, 1875) comb. nov., M. marginicollis (Pic, 1951) comb. nov., M. nystii (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. schimperi (Pic, 1898) comb. nov., M. semiviridis (Pic, 1951) comb. nov., M. strandi (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., and M. yemenita (Nardi, 2004) comb. nov., all from Anthicus Paykull, 1798. Microhoria abscondita (Telnov, 2000) comb. nov., M. adusta (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. afghana (Telnov, 2010) comb. nov., M. almorae (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. ambusta (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. angulifer (Pic, 1893) comb. nov., M. anomala (Telnov, 1998) comb. nov., M. antinorii (Pic, 1894) comb. nov., M. apicordiger (Bonadona, 1954) comb. nov., M. aquatilis (Krekich- -Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. assamensis (Pic, 1907) comb. nov., M. assequens (Krekich- -Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. atrata (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. austriaca (Pic, 1901) comb. nov., M. bicarinifrons (Pic, 1892) comb. nov., M. biguttata (Bonadona, 1964) comb. nov., M. brevipilis (Pic, 1893) comb. nov., M. bruckii (Kiesenwetter, 1870) comb. nov., M. brunneipes (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. caeruleicolor (Pic, 1906) comb. nov., M. callima (Baudi di Selve, 1877) comb. nov., M. comes (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. cordata (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. curticeps (Pic, 1923) comb. nov., M. dichrous (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. doderoi (Pic, 1902) comb. nov., M. erythraea (Pic, 1899) comb. nov., M. erythrodera (Marseul, 1878) comb. nov., M. feai (Pic, 1907) comb. nov., M. fugax (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. fugiens (Marseul, 1876) comb. nov., M. garze (Telnov, 2018) comb. nov., M. gigas (Pic, 1899) comb. nov., M. gravida (Krekich- -Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. harmandi (Pic, 1899) comb. nov., M. hauseri (Pic, 1906) comb. nov., M. henoni (Pic, 1892) comb. nov., M. heydeni (Marseul, 1879) comb. nov., M. himalayana (Pic, 1909) comb. nov., M. hummeli (Pic, 1933) comb. nov., M. immaculipennis (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. inabsoluta (Telnov, 2003) comb. nov., M. indeprensa (Telnov, 2000) comb. nov., M. kabyliana (Pic, 1896) comb. nov., M. kejvali (Telnov, 1999) comb. nov., M. kham (Telnov, 2018) comb. nov., M. kocheri (Pic, 1951) comb. nov., M. kuluensis (Pic, 1914) comb. nov., M. lepidula (Marseul, 1876) comb. nov., M. longiceps (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. longicornis (Uhmann, 1983) comb. nov., M. manifesta (Pic, 1907) comb. nov., M. martinezi (Pic, 1932) comb. nov., M. muguensis (Telnov, 2000) comb. nov., M. nigrocyanella (Marseul, 1877) comb. nov., M. nigrofusca (Telnov, 2000) comb. nov., M. nigroterminata (Pic, 1909) comb. nov., M. notatipennis (Pic, 1909) comb. nov., M. olivierii (Desbrochers des Loges, 1868) comb. nov., M. optabilis LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. paganettii (Pic, 1909) comb. nov., M. phungi (Pic, 1926) comb. nov., M. picea (LaFerté-Sénec tère, 1849) comb. nov., M. plagiostola (Bonadona, 1958) comb. nov., M. plicatipennis (Pic, 1936) comb. nov., M. posthuma (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. postimpressa (Pic, 1938) comb. nov., M. postluteofasciata (Pic, 1938) comb. nov., M. prolatithorax (Pic, 1899) comb. nov., M. proterva (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. ragusae (Pic, 1898) comb. nov., M. semidepressa (Pic, 1893) comb. nov., M. separatithorax (Pic, 1914) comb. nov., M. shibatai (Nomura, 1962) comb. nov., M. schrammi Pic, 1913) comb. nov., M. sikkimensis (Pic, 1907) comb. nov., M. sinensis (Pic, 1907) comb. nov., M. spinipennis (Pic, 1898) comb. nov., M. sporadica (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. striaticollis (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. subpicea (Pic, 1914) comb. nov., M. tersa (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. tonkinensis (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1928) comb. nov., M. truncatella (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. turgida (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1928) comb. nov., M. uhagoni (Pic, 1904) comb. nov., M. uniformis (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. variabilis (Telnov, 2003) comb. nov., M. weigeli (Telnov, 2000) comb. nov., M. versicolor (Kiesenwetter, 1866) comb. nov., M. wuyishanensis (Nardi, 2004) comb. nov., and Nitorus niger (Uhmann, 1996) comb. nov., all from Clavicomus Pic, 1894. Microhoria agriliformis (Pic, 1893) comb. nov., M. alfi erii (Pic, 1923) comb. nov., M. angelinii (Degiovanni, 2012) comb. nov., M. babaulti (Pic, 1921) comb. nov., M. barnevillei (Pic, 1892) comb. nov., M. armeniaca (Pic, 1899) comb. nov., M. bonnairii (Fairmaire, 1883) comb. nov., M. cyanipennis (Grilat, 1886) comb. nov., M. depressa (LaFerté- Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. dolichocephala (Baudi di Selve, 1877) comb. nov., M. duplex (Nardi, 2004) comb. nov., M. edmondi (Pic, 1893) comb. nov., M. escalerai (Pic, 1904) comb. nov., M. fi nalis (Telnov, 2003) comb. nov., M. fuscomaculata (Pic, 1893) comb. nov., M. insignita (Pic, 1906) comb. nov., M. luristanica (Pic, 1911) comb. nov., M. meloiformis (Reitter, 1890) comb. nov., M. mesopotamica (Pic, 1912) comb. nov., M. ocreata (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1847) comb. nov., M. olivacea (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. ottomana (LaFerté- Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. pallicra (Dufour, 1849) comb. nov., M. paralleliceps (Reitter, 1890) comb. nov., M. paupercula (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1847) comb. nov., M. platiai (Degiovanni, 2000) comb. nov., M. siccensis (Normand, 1950) comb. nov., M. subaerea (Reitter, 1890) comb. nov., M. subcaerulea (Pic, 1906) comb. nov., M. subsericea (Pic, 1898) comb. nov., M. tarifana (Pic, 1904) comb. nov., M. tibialis (Waltl, 1835) comb. nov., M. velox (LaFerté- Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. viridipennis (Pic, 1899) comb. nov., and M. viturati (Pic, 1893) comb. nov., all from Tenuicomus Pic, 1894. Microhoria decolorata (Pic, 1897) comb. nov. and M. truncata (Pic, 1895) comb. nov. from Stricticomus Pic, 1894. Microhoria truncatipennis (Pic, 1897) comb. nov. from Anthelephila Hope, 1833. (v) Lectotype designations. Lectotypes are designated for the following species: Anthicus depressus LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849, A. edmondi Pic, 1893, A. luristanicus Pic, 1911, A. merkli Pic, 1897, A. mouzafferi Pic, 1910, A. pietschmi Pic, 1938, A. pinicola Reitter, 1889, A. posthumus Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931, and A. spinosus Pic, 1912. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A critical and annotated catalogue of 309 types of Chrysididae belonging to 144 species, subspecies, and taxonomically available variations housed in the Natural History Museum Vienna is given. The neotypes of Chrysis austriaca Fabricius, 1804, Chrysis radians Harris, 1776, Chrysis socia Dahlbom, 1854, Holopyga gloriosa var. caucasica Mocsáry, 1889 and the lectotypes of the following fifteen taxa are designated: Chrysis albipennis Dahlbom, 1854, Chrysis araxana Mocsáry, 1893, Chrysis circassica Mocsáry, 1893, Chrysis kaeufeli Zimmermann, 1944, Chrysis kohli Mocsáry, 1889, Chrysis priesneri Zimmermann, 1959, Chrysis procera Zimmermann, 1954, Chrysis pyrocoelia Mocsáry, 1889, Chrysis succincta var. pannonica Hoffmann, 1935, Chrysis valenciana Hoffmann, 1935, Gonochrysis mochii Zimmermann, 1938, Cleptes mutilloides Ducke, 1902, Hedychridium adventicium Zimmermann, 1962, Hedychridium luteum Zimmermann, 1940, and Holopyga ignicollis Eversmann, 1858. Previous lectotype designations of Amisega mocsaryi Ducke, 1902, Chrysis callosa Mocsáry, 1889, Chrysis falsifica du Buysson, 1891, Chrysogona alfkeni Ducke, 1902, and Cleptes mutilloides Ducke, 1902 are considered as invalid. Six new synonymies are proposed: Chrysis germari ssp. aeneibasalis Linsenmaier, 1987 syn.n. of C. germari ssp. calviensis Kusdas, 1974; Chrysis persephone Semenov & Nikolskaya, 1954 syn.n. of Chrysis picticornis Mocsáry, 1887; C. succincta var. pannonica Hoffmann, 1935 syn.n. of C. frivaldszkyi Mocsáry, 1882; C. stanleyana Schletterer, 1891 syn.n. of C. senegalensis Mocsáry, 1887; Holopyga pulchella Mocsáry, 1893 syn.n. of Hedychridium jakowlewi Semenov, 1892; Holopyga ignicollis Eversmann, 1858 syn.n. of Holopyga chrysonota (Förster, 1853). Chrysis anthea Zimmermann, 1963 sp.rev., Chrysis picticornis Mocsáry, 1887 sp.rev., Chrysis sodalis Mocsáry, 1893 sp.rev., Chrysis separanda Mocsáry, 1889 sp.rev., Chrysis seyrigi Zimmermann, 1961 sp.rev., Chrysis valenciana Hoffmann, 1935 sp.rev. are restored from synonymy. Pictures of 78 types are presented. The case of Holopyga ovata var. h Dahlbom, 1854 (= Holopyga ignicollis) is discussed: the first author who used the name ignicollis as a valid name is Eversmann (1858), who is therefore the author of this taxon. The type of Holopyga chrysonota (Förster, 1853) was found in the Berlin museum and matches both the lectotype of Holopyga ignicollis and the interpretation of Holopyga ignicollis sensu Linsenmaier (1959). As a consequence, Holopyga ignicollis Eversmann, 1858 is synonymised with Holopyga chrysonota (Förster, 1853). The first available name for Holopyga chrysonota sensu Linsenmaier (1959) is Holopyga similis Mocsáry, 1889. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The genus Crematogaster is one of the most species-rich and widespread groups of ants. Despite their often- high local abundance and important ecological interactions, the taxonomy of the genus is fragmentary and in great need of modern revisionary studies. As a first step towards a revision for the Arabian fauna of Crematogaster, a review of all known species with synoptic species accounts is provided. Seventeen species are recognized and illustrated from the Arabian Peninsula, of which two new species are described: C. jacindae Sharaf & Hita Garcia, sp. nov. from the Dhofar Governorate, Oman, and C. gryllsi Sharaf & Hita Garcia, sp. nov. from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) based on the worker caste. Crematogaster jacindae sp. nov. is easily separated from the remainder of the Arabian Crematogaster fauna due to its complete lack of propodeal spines, slit-shaped propodeal spiracles, and its distinct bicoloration, whereas C. gryllsi sp. nov. is readily distinguished by its unlobed postpetiolar dorsum. Furthermore, new country records are presented: C. acaciae Forel for the KSA and Yemen, and C. delagoensis Forel and C. jehovae Forel for the KSA C. antaris for Qatar, whereas C. luctans Forel is excluded from the Arabian fauna. In addition, on the basis of morphological examination of original type material, C. affabilis Forel is proposed as junior synonym of C. chiarinii Mayr, and C. striaticeps is elevated to species rank stat. nov. Furthermore, a new identification key for the Arabian species is provided, as well as distribution maps for all species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three new species of Noteolethaeus Woodward et Slater, 1962 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Rhyparochromidae: Rhyparochrominae: Lethaeini) are described: N. pallens Zámbó et Kondorosy, sp. n., N. vasarhelyii Zámbó et Kondorosy, sp. n. and N. banari Zámbó et Kondorosy, sp. n. The new species are in transitional position between Noteolethaeus Woodward et Slater, 1962 and Sweetolethaeus Slater, 1972, rendering the genus-level differentiation of the above two genera impossible. However, because the type species of the two genera are rather dissimilar, Sweetolethaeus is retained as subgenus of Noteolethaeus (stat. n.). The following new combinations are accordingly proposed: Noteolethaeus (Sweetolethaeus) macchiaensis (Slater, 1972), comb. n. and Noteolethaeus (Sweetolethaeus) termiticolus (Slater, 1972), comb. n. Noteolethaeus leeui Woodward et Slater, 1962 is recorded for the first time from Tanzania. A key to the identification of the species of Noteolethaeus is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pheidole comprises approximately 1,000 extant species distributed worldwide, being particularly diverse in the New World. In addition to its high diversity and ecological prevalence, the genus is also characterized by the predominantly intraspecific dimorphism, with major and minor workers. Currently, five fossil species are known, all of which are represented only by minor workers. A new species, †Pheidole anticua sp. nov., is described from Dominican amber, based on a major worker. Additionally, the identity of the currently known fossil species in Pheidole is discussed and †P. cordata from Baltic amber is considered as incertae sedis, resulting in no Pheidole species currently recognized for Baltic amber. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clubiona Latreille, 1804, with more than 500 named species, is one of the largest genera of Araneae. The genus has 15 synonyms, most of which are not listed in the World Spider Catalog (2018) and unknown to many arachnologists. The most comprehensive survey of Clubiona sensu lato by Wunderlich (2011) also lacked a few synonyms. In this paper all genus group names described in Clubiona are listed with their type species. Most of these names correspond to the species groups recognised in Clubiona sensu lato. We agree that Porrhoclubiona Lohmander, 1944 (= Clubiona genevensis-group) deserves a status of a separate genus and provide the diagnosis of this taxon. Three species of Porrhoclubiona that occur in Central Asia are surveyed, and two of them are described as new to science: P. laudata (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885), comb. n. (♂♀, Xinjiang, Tibet, China), P. bosmansi sp. n. (♂♀, Tajikistan), and P. moradmandi sp. n. (♂♀, Fars, Iran). It seems that all records of P. genevensis L. Koch, 1866 from China refer to P. laudata. The records of Clubiona vegeta Simon, 1918 from Tajikistan and Iran refer to P. bosmansi sp. n. and P. moradmandi sp. n., respectively. The following new combinations have been established: Porrhoclubiona decora (Blackwall, 1859), comb. n., P. diniensis (Simon, 1878), comb. n., P. leucaspis (Simon, 1932), comb. n., P. minor (Wunderlich, 1987), comb. n., P. pseudominor (Wunderlich, 1987), comb. n., P. pteronetoides (Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001), comb. n., P. vegeta (Simon, 1918), comb. n., P. viridula (Ono, 1989), comb. n., and P. wunderlichi (Mikhailov 1992), comb. n. (all ex. Clubiona). SEM study of the structure considered earlier as scopula in Clubiona and Porrhoclubiona reveals that it is represented by several lateral rows of movable macrosetae (spines) with a locking mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trachusa pubescens (Morawitz, 1872) s. l. has a distribution extending from south-eastern Europe over Anatolia and the Caucasus to Iran and Turkmenistan, and was formerly regarded as a species with high intraspecific variation. By means of an examination of 208 specimens from all parts of the distribution area, covering structural features of the head (mandibles, clypeus), the apical terga and the genitalia, the colouration pattern as well as a morphometric analysis of 26 body measurements with multivariate statistical methods (Principal Component Analysis, Discriminant Analysis), it was possible to assign the material to five species of which two are new to science (Trachusa balcanica sp. n. and T. hakkariensis sp. n.). Two taxa which had previously been described as "variations" or subspecies are elevated to species rank: T. verhoeffi (Mavromoustakis, 1955), stat. n. and T. maxima (Friese, 1931), stat. n. Additionally, some populations can be distinguished by their colouration pattern or by subtle differences in size or body shape, but these features are apparently of no taxonomic significance at the species level. Trachusa balcanica sp. n. and T. verhoeffi have distribution areas which do not overlap with any of the other members of the species group and can thus be characterised as allospecies. By contrast, the distribution areas of the other three species, T. pubescens, T. maxima and T. hakkariensis sp. n., overlap to a certain extent and they co-exist at least to some degree in sympatry. While they have been found in the same region, they have so far never been found together at exactly the same location and it is suggested that species divergence occurred in parallel with ecological differentiation. Niche partitioning such as flower preferences is a mechanism which may be invoked to explain this. Some specimens with intermediate characters were found, particularly in contact zones, and it is thought that some hybridisation may occur. A partly melanistic individual of T. balcanica sp. n. was found, which is probably the first described melanistic individual in the tribe Anthidiini. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A taxonomic description of all castes of Colobopsis explodens Laciny & Zettel, sp. n. from Borneo, Thailand, and Malaysia is provided, which serves as a model species for biological studies on "exploding ants" in Southeast Asia. The new species is a member of the Colobopsis cylindrica (COCY) group and falls into a species complex that has been repeatedly summarized under the name Colobopsis saundersi (Emery, 1889) (formerly Camponotus saundersi). The COCY species group is known under its vernacular name "exploding ants" for a unique behaviour: during territorial combat, workers of some species sacrifice themselves by rupturing their gaster and releasing sticky and irritant contents of their hypertrophied mandibular gland reservoirs to kill or repel rivals. This study includes first illustrations and morphometric characterizations of males of the COCY group: Colobopsis explodens Laciny & Zettel, sp. n. and Colobopsis badia (Smith, 1857). Characters of male genitalia and external morphology are compared with other selected taxa of Camponotini. Preliminary notes on the biology of C. explodens Laciny & Zettel, sp. n. are provided. To fix the species identity of the closely related C. badia, a lectotype from Singapore is designated. The following taxonomic changes within the C. saundersi complex are proposed: Colobopsis solenobia (Menozzi, 1926), syn. n. and Colobopsis trieterica (Menozzi, 1926), syn. n. are synonymized with Colobopsis corallina Roger, 1863, a common endemic species of the Philippines. Colobopsis saginata Stitz, 1925, stat. n., hitherto a subspecies of C. badia, is raised to species level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Memecylon petiolatum TRIMEN EX ALSTON, an endemic species of Sri Lanka is recorded from India for the first time. Its taxonomic status is discussed here with proper circumscription. M. petiolatum is treated as variety of M. edule ROXB. Justification of the varietal rank under M. edule is discussed. A detailed description of the taxon supplemented by botanical illustration together with its flowering‐fruiting time, type details, etc. are provided to aid its correct and easy identification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the publication of the ground-breaking "Catalogue of the scorpions of the world (1758-1998)" (Fet et al. 2000) the number of species in the scorpion genus Buthus Leach, 1815 has increased 10-fold, and this genus is now the fourth largest within the Buthidae, with 52 valid named species. Here we revise and update the available information regarding Buthus. A new combination is proposed: Buthus halius (C. L. Koch, 1839), comb. n. from Portugal and Spain. B. halius is removed from junior synonymy with Buthus occitanus (Amoreux, 1789), and proposed as a senior synonym of B. ibericus Lourenço & Vachon, 2004, syn. n. Moreover, following I.C.Z.N. article 23.9.2 we propose to maintain as valid B. ibericus (nomen protectum) and to consider the disued B. halius as a nomen oblitum. Buthus europaeus tridentatus Franganillo, 1918 is proposed as a junior synonym of B. occitanus (Amoreux, 1789), syn. n. Buthus sabulicola Touloun, 2012 is proposed as a junior synonym of Buthus bonito Lourenço & Geniez, 2005, syn. n. Buthus occitanus tunetanus neeli Gysin, 1969 is proposed as an informal senior synonym of Buthus tassili Lourenço, 2002, informal syn. n. Two taxa are rised to species rank, Buthus nigrovesiculosus Hirst, 1925, stat. n. and Buthus parroti Vachon, 1949, stat. n.. We further confirm the restricted distribution of B. occitanus that is confined to southeastern France and northwestern Iberian Peninsula and does not occur in North Africa. Additionally, Androctonus barbouri (Werner, 1932), comb. n. from the Agadir region of Morocco, is hereby transferred to the genus Androctonus. We summarize and provide a critical appraisal of the diagnostic characters currently in use for the genus. The catalogue section considers the names for species, subspecies and varieties that have been used for Buthus scorpions. Information about types, including collection numbers and localities are included when available. Finally, an annotated listing of synonymies and an updated bibliography are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The known species of Macrocoma from the Canary Islands are reviewed and the aedeagi illustrated. Macrocoma pelikani n. sp. is described from Gran Canaria, Barranco de Guayadeque. M. franzi Palm, 1976 is downgraded to subspecies of M. splendidula (Wollaston, 1862) and the following nomenclatural changes are proposed: M. splendidula ssp. franzi Palm, 1976 n. stat., M. splendidula ssp. palmaensis Palm, 1977 n. stat. a key to species identification and a catalogue with new locality data are also provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on specimens (Natural History Museum Vienna, Cambodian Entomology Initiatives at the Royal University of Phnom Penh, private collection of fourth author) and based on literature, we provide a first species list of aquatic Hemiptera (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) of Cambodia. We studied 38 species (37 identified) and added three reliable species records from the literature. In total, we report on 41 species in 25 genera and 11 families (Belostomatidae, Gerridae, Hebridae, Helotrephidae, Hydrometridae, Mesoveliidae, Micronectidae, Naucoridae, Nepidae, Notonectidae, Veliidae). Most of these taxa are recorded from Cambodia for the first time. We describe two species as new to science:Microvelia falcatasp. n. (Veliidae) andRanatra cardamomensissp. n. (Nepidae). Subspecific rank is given forCylindrostethus costalis malayensisPolhemus, 1994 stat. n. (Gerridae) that was formerly described as a distinct species. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C95441BD-C817-42BA-87CA-01070A4B7F17 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lepisiota omanensissp. nov. is described and illustrated based on the worker caste collected in Jebel Qahwan Oman, and Ain Al Waal, United Arab Emirates. The new species belongs to theL. gracilicornisgroup and is separated easily from all ArabianLepisiotaspecies, and other species in thegracilicornisgroup, by the exceptionally long, acute and strongly curved propodeal spines.Lepisiota elegantissimaCollingwood & van Harten is recorded for the first time from Oman.Lepisiota simplex(Forel) stat rev. is recognised at species rank. Ecological and biological observations are provided. A revised key to the Arabian species ofLepisiotais given. A checklist of the ArabianLepisiotaspecies is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The subgenus Gelaeus Waterhouse, 1905 of Chrysodema Laporte & Gory, 1835 is revised based on comparative study of extensive material including types of all described taxa. The subgenus is restricted to the Lesser Sunda Islands and Selayar Islands, Indonesia. Three new species and six subspecies are described: Chrysodema (Gelaeus) katka sp. nov. from Timor Island, C. (G.) oborili oborili sp. nov. from Yamdena Islands, C. (G.) oborili laratensis subsp. nov. from Larat Island, C. (G.) sara sp. nov. from Babar Island, C. (G.) walkeri bilyi subsp. nov. from Selaru Island, C. (G.) walkeri horaki subsp. nov. from Leti Island, C. (G.) walkeri kubani subsp. nov. from Romang Island, C. (G.) walkeri nigriventris subsp. nov. from Moa Island, and C. (G.) walkeri rejzeki subsp. nov. from Alor Island. Chrysodema (G.) wetteriana (Théry, 1935) stat. nov. is raised to species rank (formely subspecies of C. (G.) walkeri (Waterhouse, 1892)). Chrysodema moluensis Novak, 2010 is assigned to Gelaeus and downgraded to subspecies C. (G.) iris moluensis Novak, 2010, stat. nov. Chrysodema (G.) cupriventris (Kerremans, 1898), stat. restit. is removed from synonymy of C. (G.) walkeri. Chrysodema (G.) florensis Lansberge, 1880, assign. nov. and C. (G.) cyanicollis Kerremans, 1900, assign. nov. are transferred from the nominotypical subgenus to Gelaeus. Lectotypes are designated for following taxa to ensure their correct application and recognition in future: Chrysodema (G.) florensis Lansberge, 1880, C. (G.) foraminifera Lansberge, 1879, C. (G.) iris (Kerremans, 1898), C. (G.) walkeri (Waterhouse, 1892), and C. (G.) wetteriana (Théry, 1935). All herein included taxa are illustrated with colour habitus photographs as is the male aedeagus when available. A key to all taxa is given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cylominae Zaitzev, 1908 is established as a valid subfamily name for Rygmodinae Orchymont, 1916, syn. nov., due to the recent transfer of Cyloma Sharp, 1872 to the subfamily. The history of nomenclature of the subfamily is reviewed and an updated overview of family-group and genus-group names currently assigned to the subfamily is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sixteen species of Echinopla Smith, 1857 distributed west of Weber's Line are treated, including eight species described as new: E. madli sp. n. from southern Thailand and Borneo, E. wardi sp. n. from West Malaysia, E. fisheri sp. n., E. circulus sp. n., E. mezgeri sp. n., and E. subtilis sp. n. from Borneo, E. brevisetosa sp. n. and E. angustata sp. n. from the Philippines. Lectotypes are designated for E. lineata Mayr, 1862 and E. senilis Mayr, 1862, stat. rev., and differences between the two species are pointed out. New records are presented for E. melanarctos Smith, 1857 (West Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo), E. pallipes Smith, 1857 (Borneo), E. tritschleri Forel, 1901 (West Malaysia, Borneo), E. cherapunjiensis Bharti & Gul, 2012 (Laos, West Malaysia), E. lineata Mayr, 1862 (Singapore, Borneo), E. cf. pseudostriata Donisthorpe, 1943 (Philippines), and E. cf. vermiculata Emery, 1898 (Philippines). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is based on a comparative analysis of extensive material of Carabus (Archiplectes) satyrus Kurnakov, 1962, its various forms and related taxa recently collected by the authors and some other collectors in Abkhazia. The status or specific affiliations of several subspecies are changed and a subspecies is described. Carabus (A.) besleticus Kurnakov, 1972, stat. n. is treated as a separate species housing six hitherto established subspecies in addition to the nominal type: C. (A.) besleticus mtsaranus Kurnakov, 1972, C. (A.) besleticus duripshensis Kurnakov, 1972, C. (A.) besleticus napraensis Belousov & Zamotajlov, 1993, C. (A.) besleticus dsychvensis Kurnakov, 1972, C. (A.) besleticus adzinbai Retezar, 2013, and C. (A.) besleticus resheviensis subsp. n. Carabus (A.) satyrus is treated as monotypical while the specific status of C. (A.) pseudopshuensis Zamotajlov, 1991, earlier proposed by Fominykh and Zamotajlov (2012), is confirmed based on the morphological and morphometric data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The type material of Epeorella borneonia Ulmer, 1939, the sole species of the genus Epeorella Ulmer, 1939 is reinvestigated and a lectotype (male imago) is designated. Based on several morphological structures, the synonymy with Epeorus Eaton, 1881 (Rhithrogeninae) is rejected. Epeorella stat. prop., known only at the winged stages, belongs to the subfamily Ecdyonurinae, and is a probable endemic of the island of Borneo. The newly erected genus Darthus Webb & McCafferty, 2007, also endemic to Borneo and only known by one species at the nymphal stage, is shown to be a junior subjective synonym of Epeorella. The new combination Epeorella vadora (Webb & McCafferty, 2007) is proposed for the species. The distribution of known heptageniid species from the Sunda Islands is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All Fabrician types of Cassidinae found at the Natural History Museum, London were revised. The following new taxonomic changes were made: species status of Basiprionota bipuncticollis (Boheman, 1856) stat. restit., Chelymorpha multipunctata (Olivier, 1790) stat. restit., Eugenysa decussata (Fabricius, 1775) stat. restit., and Aspidimorpha (Aspidimorpha) calligera Boheman, 1854, stat. restit., are restored. The identities of Cassida cincta Fabricius, 1781, stat. nov., Cassida dorsata Fabricius, 1787, stat. nov., and Cassida octopunctata Fabricius, 1787, stat. nov., are corrected based on examination of type material. The following new synonymies are proposed: Aspidimorpha isparetta Boheman, 1854 = Cassida cincta Fabricius, 1781, syn. nov., Aspidimorpha calligera = A. dorsata sensu auctt., Basiprionota bipuncticollis = B. privigna (Boheman, 1862) syn. nov. = B. octopunctata sensu auctt., Basiprionota octopunctata (Fabricius, 1787) = B. privigna sensu auctt., Cassida dorsata Fabricius, 1787 = Aspidomorpha fuscopunctata Boheman, 1854, syn. nov. = A. rubrodorsata Boheman, 1854,syn. nov., Cassida decussata Fabricius, 1775 = C. venosa Fabricius, 1798, syn. nov., Cassida mar- ginella Fabricius, 1775 = Charidotis punctatostriata Boheman, 1855, syn. nov. = Charidotis herbida Boheman, 1855, syn. nov., Coccinella cassidea Fabricius, 1775 = Cassida cribraria Fabricius, 1775, syn. nov. The species generally referred to as Aspidimorpha cincta (sensu auctt.) is left without a name, and is described here as Aspidimorpha (Aspidimorpha) innominata Sekerka sp. nov. A neotype is designated for Coccinella cassidea Fabricius, 1775 as the original type specimen is presumed lost. Lectotypes are designated for Cassida cincta Fabricius, 1781, C. cribraria Fabricius, 1775, C. dorsata Fabricius, 1787, C. marginella Fabricius, 1775 and C. miliaris Fabricius, 1775 to avoid further misinterpretations and to stabilize the current usage of the names. No type material of Cassida sinuata Fabricius, 1792 could be traced. Colour photographs of type specimens are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Matayba livescens stat. nov. is segregated from Matayba guianensis f. Livescens; it is raised to species level, and placed in sect. Matayba. Distinguishing characteristics of related species are discussed. Description, diagnosis, illustration and comments on geographic distribution are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An up-to-date checklist of the Italian Dermestidae is provided. The presence of 95 species in Italy is confirmed, while further 5 species (Dermestes (Dermestes) vorax Motschulsky, 1860, Thorictus pilosus Peyron, 1857, T. wasmanni Reitter, 1895, Attagenus (Attagenus) simonis Reitter, 1881 and Globicornis (G.) breviclavis (Reitter, 1878)) and 1 subspecies (A. (A.) tigrinus pulcher Faldermann, 1835) are excluded from the Italian fauna. Attagenus (Attagenus) calabricus Reitter, 1881 and A. (A.) lobatus Rosenhauer, 1856 are for the first time recorded from Abruzzi and Tuscany respectively; A. (A.) silvaticus Zhantiev, 1976 is recorded for the first time from mainland Italy (Apulia); Anthrenus (Anthrenus) angustefasciatus Ganglbauer, 1904 is new to northern Italy (Friuli-Venezia Giulia), central Italy (Tuscany), Apulia and Basilicata; A. (A.) munroi Hinton, 1943 is new to central Italy (Elba Island); A. (A.) delicatus Kiesenwetter, 1851 is for the first time recorded from Apulia; Globicornis (Globicornis) fasciata (Fairmaire & Brisout de Barneville, 1859) is new to southern Italy (Basilicata); G. (Hadrotoma) sulcata (C.N.F. Brisout de Barneville, 1866) is for the first time recorded from central Italy (Abruzzi), Campania and Sicily, while Trogoderma inclusum LeConte, 1854 is new to Apulia. Seven species (Dermestes (Dermestes) peruvianus Laporte de Castelnau, 1840, D. (Dermestinus) carnivorus Fabricius, 1775, D. (Dermestinus) hankae Hava, 1999, D. (Dermestinus) intermedius intermedius Kalik, 1951, D. (Dermestinus) szekessyi Kalik, 1950, Anthrenus (Anthrenops) coloratus Reitter, 1881 and Trogoderma angustum (Solier, 1849)) recently recorded from Italy (without further details) are discussed. The lectotype and a paralectotype are designated for Attagenus (A.) calabricus Reitter, 1881 from Calabria. Attagenus pellio (Linnaeus, 1758) var. pilosissimus Roubal, 1932 is removed from synonymy with A. (A.) pellio and recognized as a valid species (stat. prom.); it is known from Lombardy, Apulia and Calabria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following taxonomic or nomenclatural changes are proposed: Themus (s.str.) regalis (Gorham, 1889) nom. rest.; T. (s.str.) scutulatus Wittmer, 1983 = T. (s.str.) hmong Kazantsev, 2007, syn. n.; T. (Telephorops) coelestis (Gorham, 1889) = T. violetipennis Wang & Yang, 1992, syn. n.; T. (Telephorops) uniformis Wittmer, 1983, stat. n. = T. (Telephorops) cribripennis Wittmer, 1983, syn. n.; T. (Haplothemus) licenti Pic, 1938, stat. rev., resurrected from synonymy with T. coriaceipennis (Fairmaire, 1889); Lycocerus aenescens (Fairmaire, 1889) = L. tcheonanus (Pic, 1922), syn. n.; L. asperipennis (Fairmaire, 1891) = L. wangi (Švihla, 2004), syn. n.; L. borneoensis nom. n. for Athemellus atricolor (Wittmer, 1972); L. bilineatus (Wittmer, 1995) = L. amplus (Wittmer, 1995), syn. n.; L. fairmairei nom. n. et stat. rev. for Athemus dimidiaticrus (Fairmaire, 1889), originally in Telephorus, resurrected from synonymy with L. orientalis (Gorham, 1889); L. confossicollis (Fairmaire, 1891), comb. n. hereby transferred from Cantharis = L. multiimpressus (Wittmer, 1997), syn. n.; L. inopaciceps (Pic, 1926) = Athemus (Athemellus) bimaculicollis (Švihla, 2005), syn. n.; L. nigratus nom. n. for L. nigricolor (Wittmer, 1972), originally in Podabrinus; L. plebejus (Kiesenwetter, 1874) = L. brunneonotaticeps (Pic, 1922), syn. n. = Cantharis rufonotaticeps Pic, 1921, syn. n.; L. swampingatus (Pic, 1916), comb. n., hereby transferred from Cantharis. The neotypes of Themus violetipennis Wang & Yang, 1992 and Athemus (s.str.) maculithorax Wang & Yang, 1992 are designated respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species of water scorpion, Ranatra raffl esi, is described from Singapore and neighbouring Indonesian islands (Bintan and Batam). This new species is similar morphologically to R. malayana from Sulawesi and R. natunaensis from Natuna Island, its closest putative relatives. In addition, based on an analysis of male paramere character states, we elevate Ranatra longipes thai Lansbury to full species status as R. thai Lansbury, new status. Illustrations are provided for key characters separating R. raffl esi from other similar species occuring in Southeast Asia, including the structures of the male forelegs, parameres, and phallotheca, as well as the fi ne details of male paramere structure for R. longipes longipes and R. thai. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All new names and nomenclatural acts affecting the taxonomy of the extant Hydrophiloidea (s. str.) since the publication of the first World Catalogue update in 2006 are reviewed. Additional citations relating to the phylogeny, immature stages, and fossil taxa of the superfamily are also provided. Four changes to family-group names are introduced, all affecting Hydrophilini: the subtribe Globulosina is synonymized with Acidocerina, and the three resulting subtribes of the Hydrophilini sensu HANSEN (1991) are each elevated to tribal rank: Acidocerini stat. nov., Hydrobiusini stat. nov., and Hydrophilini sensu nov. Five new genus-group synonymies are made: Agnaeformia Shatrovskiy, 1989, syn. nov. = Pacrillum d'Orchymont, 1941; Aschnaia Makhan, 2007, syn. nov. = Allocotocerus Kraatz, 1883; Gemelus García, 2000, syn. nov. = Methydrus Rey, 1885; Guaramacalus García, 2000, syn. nov. = Hugoscottia Knisch, 1922; Quasiparacymus Marjanian, 2009, syn. nov. = Paracymus Thomson, 1867. Eight new combina- tions are proposed, most resulting from the new generic synonymies: Allocotocerus soesilae (Makhan, 2007) comb. nov. (from Aschnaia), Enochrus andinus (García, 2000) comb. nov. (from Guaramacalus), Enochrus emeritensis (García, 2000) comb. nov. (from Guaramacalus), Enochrus pallidus (García, 2000) comb. nov. (from Gemelus), Laccobius flaveolus (Hebauer & Wang, 1998) comb. nov. (from Oocyclus Sharp, 1882), Oosternum amrishi (Makhan, 2009) comb. nov. (from Motonerus Hansen, 1989), Oosternum rishwani (Makhan, 2009) comb. nov. (from Motonerus), and Pacrillum lucidum (Shatrovskiy, 1989) comb. nov. (from Agnaeformia). Three replacement names for secondary junior homonyms are introduced: Anacaena ovatides Newton, 2011 for Anacaena ovata (Gentili, 2002); Anacaena striatides Newton, 2011 nom. nov. for Anacaena striata (Gentili, 2002); and Laccobius manalicus Short & Fikácek, 2011 nom. nov. for Laccobius inermis (Hebauer & Wang, 1998). The total number of valid, extant species in the Hydrophiloidea now stands at 3335 species in 176 genera. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By studying the political, economical and social realities that played an important role at the civil war, given the weakness of the troops sent from Spain, culminated in the rise of New States and the problems faced by these States reorganizing the colonial order, this article analyzed the independency revolution as a process conducted by a minority who, on behalf of the whole population, looked for their own benefit more than the common welfare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An account of the tribes Mormiini and Paramormiini (Psychodidae: Psychodinae) from Malaysia is given, including the description of a new paramormiine genus Perakomyia gen. nov. and the second record of the genus Saximormia Ježek, 1984 in the Oriental Region. The subgenera Nototelmatoscopus Satchell, 1953 and Oscoreopus Ježek, 1989 (substitute name for Oreoscopus Quate & Quate, 1967) of the genus Telmatoscopus Eaton, 1904, unjustly synonymized with the genus Peripsychoda Enderlein, 1935 in the past, are recognized as valid. Nototelmatoscopus is raised to generic rank. It includes the subgenera Nototelmatoscopus s. str., Oscoreopus and Jozifekia subgen. nov. The following new combination for species originally included in Telmatoscopus are given: Nototelmatoscopus (Nototelmatoscopus) obscurus (Satchell, 1953) comb. nov., N. (N.) appendiculatus (Quate & Quate, 1967) comb. nov., N. (N.) baitabagensis (Quate & Quate, 1967) comb. nov., N. (N.) centraceps (Quate & Quate, 1967) comb. nov., N. (N.) confragus (Quate & Quate, 1967) comb. nov., N. (N.) cracentus (Quate & Quate, 1967) comb. nov., N. (N.) crassepalpis (Satchell, 1953) comb. nov., N. (N.) dimorphus (Tonnoir, 1953) comb. nov., N. (N.) empheres (Quate & Quate, 1taxa967) comb. nov., N. (N.) festivus (Satchell, 1953) comb. nov., N. (N.) gregsoni (Tonnoir, 1953) comb. nov., N. (N.) nicholsoni (Satchell, 1953) comb. nov., N. (N.) obtusalatus (Quate & Quate, 1967) comb. nov., N. (N.) reburrus (Quate & Quate, 1967) comb. nov., N. (N.) sisyphus (Quate & Quate, 1967) comb. nov., N. (N.) tridentatus (Quate & Quate, 1967) comb. nov., N. (N.) viduatus (Tonnoir, 1953) comb. nov., N. (Oscoreopus) wauensis (Quate & Quate, 1967) comb. nov., N. (O.) ambalatus (Quate & Quate, 1967) comb. nov., N. (O.) globalaris (Quate & Quate, 1967) comb. nov., and Perakomyia kalabakensis (Quate, 1962) comb. nov. Three new species are described: Saximormia jelineki sp. nov., Nototelmatoscopus (Jozifekia) sasakawai sp. nov. and Perakomyia sifneri sp. nov. Important diagnostic characters and differential diagnoses are given and many characters illustrated for all mentioned taxa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pedicularis oederi Vahl var. heteroglossa Prain (Orobanchaceae) is raised to species rank and lectotypified, and an emended description provided. This taxon has pink or purplepink corollas rather than the yellow colour otherwise typical for the Pedicularis oederi group of taxa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the Spanish Antarctic expeditions 'Bentart' 1994, 1995 and 2003, a number of trichobranchid (Annelida: Polychaeta) specimens were collected and identified initially as Terebellides stroemii kerguelensis McIntosh, 1885, the only known species of the genus widely recognised as valid in Antarctic waters. In the framework of a worldwide revision of the genus Terebellides, a reconsideration of the taxonomic status of this subspecies of the boreal Terebellides stroemii Sars, 1835 is done through the examination of the syntypes of T. s. kerguelensis compared with recent descriptions of the nominal species from Norwegian waters and material from Icelandic waters. Thus, T. s. kerguelensis is regarded as a valid species, T. kerguelensis stat. nov., and redescribed designating a lectotype and paralectotypes. The species is mainly characterised by the presence of an anterior branchial extension (fifth lobe), lateral lappets in five anterior thoracic chaetigers, segmental organs in chaetigers 1, 4 and 5, and first thoracic acicular neurochaetae sharply bent with pointed tips. The biological role of the segmental organs, the presence and disposition of cilia in branchial lamellae and the finding of new structures located in dorsal part of thoracic notopodia are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A taxonomic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the generic group Anaphothrips are presented. Several genera in Central America are closely related to this generic group. Based on the analysis of characters and its possible evolution, the new genus Nakaharathrips has been segregated from Anaphothrips, and the taxonomic status of the subspecies of Aurantothrips has been changed to the species level. The phylogenetic analysis shows a close relationship between the genera Anaphothrips, Ranjana, Nakaharathrips n.gen., Aurantothrips, Nicolemma n.gen., Ameranathrips, Baileyothrips and Gonzalezya n.gen., where the first lineage is formed by the genera (Ranjana (Aurantothrips+Nicolemma)) and the second lineage contains the genera [(Anaphothrips+Nakaharathrips)(Baileyothrips (Ameranathrips+Gonzalezya)]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The furva species group of the genus Nomada in Japan is taxonomically revised and the following three species are recognized: N. okubira Tsuneki, 1973, stat. nov., N. pulawskii Tsuneki, 1973, and N. taicho Tsuneki, 1973. Nomada okubira is raised to species rank, and N. etigonis Tsuneki, 1986, is synonymized under N. okubira. Detailed illustrations of male terminalia are provided for N. okubira and N. taicho. A key to the Japanese species is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dicranota (Paradicranota) cineraseens Lackschewitz, 1940, originally described as a form of D. (P.) pallens Lackschewitz, 1940, is established as a valid species, and lectotypes of both species are designated. Redescriptions are given and male and female terminalia illustrated for D. (P.) cinerascens and D. (P.) pallens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taxonomy of the genus Cordulegaster Leach in Brewster, 1815 in the Eastern part of the Western Palaearctic is poorly resolved. A two-step approach was applied: sequences of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA fragments were used to sort specimens; poorly known or new taxa with their phenotypic variation were described. The existence of two traditional groups (boltonii- and bidentata-group) was confirmed. Cordulegaster coronata Morton, 1916, however, belongs to a different group. Molecular-analysis supported three known and one new species (C. heros Theischinger, 1979, C. picta Selys, 1854, C. vanbrinkae Lohmann, 1993, and C. kalkmani sp. nov.) in the boltonii-group. In the bidentata-group, all specimens from West-Turkey belonged to C. insignis Schneider, 1845, all specimens further east to a complex of four closely related species, which we name charpentieri-complex (C. amasina Morton, 1916, stat. rev., C. mzymtae Bartenev, 1929 C. charpentieri (Kolenati, 1846), stat. rev. and C. cilicia sp. nov.). The following taxa: C. insignis nobilis Morton, 1916, syn. nov., C. nachitschevanica Skvortsov and Snegovaya, 2015, syn. nov. C. plagionyx Skvortsov and Snegovaya, 2015, syn. nov. and the Caucasian subspecies C. insignis lagodechica Bartenev, 1930, syn. nov., were synonymized with C. charpentieri. Finally, we provide a key for all Western Palaearctic Cordulegaster. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: The classification of click beetles is revisited with newly sequenced mitochondrial genomes of eight species belonging to seven different subfamilies. The genus Hapatesus Candèze, 1863, is herein excluded from Dentrometrinae and designated as a type genus of Hapatesinae, a new subfamily. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that Eudicronychinae is a terminal lineage in Elaterinae. Consequently, we propose Eudicronychini, a new status. The deep mtDNA-based split between Elaterinae and the clade of other click beetle subfamilies agrees with the results of phylogenomic analyses and mitochondrial genomes provide a sufficient signal for inference of shallow splits. Elateridae is a taxon with very unstable classification and a number of conflicting phylogenetic hypotheses have been based on morphology and molecular data. We assembled eight complete mitogenomes for seven elaterid subfamilies and merged these taxa with an additional 22 elaterids and an outgroup. The structure of the newly produced mitogenomes showed a very similar arrangement with regard to all earlier published mitogenomes for the Elateridae. The maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses indicated that Hapatesus Candèze, 1863, is a sister of Parablacinae and Pityobiinae. Therefore, Hapatesinae, a new subfamily, is proposed for the Australian genera Hapatesus (21 spp.) and Toorongus Neboiss, 1957 (4 spp.). Parablacinae, Pityobiinae, and Hapatesinae have a putative Gondwanan origin as the constituent genera are known from the Australian region (9 genera) and Neotropical region (Tibionema Solier, 1851), and only Pityobius LeConte, 1853, occurs in the Nearctic region. Another putative Gondwanan lineage, the Afrotropical Morostomatinae, forms either a serial paraphylum with the clade of Parablacinae, Pityobiinae, and Hapatesinae or is rooted in a more terminal position, but always as an independent lineage. An Eudicronychinae lineage was either recovered as a sister to Melanotini or as a deep split inside Elaterinae and we herein transfer the group to Elaterinae as Eudicronychini, a new status. The mitochondrial genomes provide a sufficient signal for the placement of most lineages, but the deep bipartitions need to be compared with phylogenomic analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]