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This research was conducted during the state of emergency in response to coronavirus pandemic with the aim to further examine the relationships between attachment dimensions - attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance - and affect and to test the mediating role of psychological flexibility in these relationships. The sample which was obtained by using the snowball sampling method consists of 1515 adults (70.4% females) from the Republic of Srpska, entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina, aged between 18 and 65 who filled a relatively short form of an online. Attachment dimensions were measured by the Relationship Questionnaire (RQ), affect by the Negative and Positive Affect Scale (NAPAS), and psychological flexibility by the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ-II). The results indicate that attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance correlate positively with the negative affect and correlate negatively with the positive affect. Furthermore, the results showed that the relationships between attachment dimensions and negative affect can be explained through psychological flexibility - higher values of attachment dimensions contribute to lower psychological flexibility, which then leads to higher negative affect. The mediatory role of psychological flexibility is not determined in the relation between attachment dimensions and positive affect. The obtained findings have been considered in the light of theoretical and practical importance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was conducted with the aim of testing the relations of positive and negative beliefs about human nature (i.e. trust in people and cynical beliefs about people) with loneliness, preferred solitude and satisfaction with social relations in adulthood. Loneliness was described as an unpleasant and emotionally disturbing experience that appears as a response to a difference between desired and achieved level of social contacts, while preferred solitude is defined as a person's desire to be alone while experiencing positive, not negative, emotions. 300 people - 25 to 75 years old (M= 50.5 years) from different regions of Croatia participated in the study. Relevant constructs were measured by: Cynicism and trust scale (Cubela Adoric and Tucak, 2006), adapted short version of UCLA loneliness scale (Lackovic-Grgin, Penezic and Nekic, 2002), Adapted scale of preferred solitude (Lackovic-Grgin and Nekic, 2002), and by one item assessing satisfaction with social relations. Contrary to results of some previous studies among Croatian subjects, which demonstrated that cynicism and belief in human good nature did not correlate significantly, the results of this study showed that these two fundamental beliefs about human nature correlate, although modestly, significantly and negatively. Trust in people did not correlate significantly either with loneliness, or with preferred solitude, while it correlated positively with satisfaction with social relations. On the other hand, cynical beliefs about people correlated significantly and positively with loneliness, and negatively with satisfaction in social relations, while their relation with preferred solitude was not significant. Relations between loneliness, preferred solitude and satisfaction with social relations, as well as sex and age differences in examined constructs were also considered in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]