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The question of language in school has an educational dimension of considerable social interest in Spain since a strong process of immersion in regional languages might be affecting students' performance depending on their linguistic and socio-cultural background. In this context, the paper's aim is to analyse the relations between economic, social, and cultural status (ESCS); the percentage of students who speak a different language at school than at home (language) and school performance in PISA (performance); and in particular to measure the predictive power of the second variable with respect to the third, from a territorial perspective. A methodology was developed based on bivariate linear regression analysis and structural equation modelling, and was applied to data regarding these three variables from the PISA 2015 and PISA 2022 databases. These secondary analyses have confirmed: (a) the importance of the predictive power of ESCS on performance consistently in both 2015 and 2022; (b) the intensification of the association between the two variables in that period; and (c) the emergence of a moderate but significant association of the language variable as a predictor of Performance at the territorial level. The impact of regional ESCS differences on performance increased significantly between 2015 and 2022, which is compatible with an increase in other territorial divides described in the literature. Moreover, the strong linguistic immersion models display significant differences between territories in terms of performance. For example, for this reason alone, Catalonia's delay compared to Madrid is approximately one school year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this article was to explore the use of the virtual tool “Alphabetics” in improving the academic performance of basic education children with dyslexia. The need for the use of technology in children with dyslexia was raised so that the level of help of the program in question can be demonstrated. Access to children identified with dyslexia from the Ministry of Health of Ecuador in the province of Guayas was used, numbering 30, who were enrolled in an online language course. After applying the descriptive study, it was found that there is a significant difference in the means of both groups, with the group that used Alphabetics showing a greater improvement in their academic performance scores. The average grade rose from 8,400 when the tool was not used to 9,367 with its use, and the grade ranges were exceeded from between 7.98 - 8.82 to 9.18 - 9.55. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The improvement of arithmetic calculation skills in General Basic Education (EGB) students is fundamental for their academic and cognitive development. The present study investigated the impact of a strategy based on active learning on the development of arithmetic skills in students in the fourth year of General Basic Education (EGB). A sample of 25 students and five teachers from the "15 de Abril" Intercultural Bilingual Community Education Center of Basic Education was selected. A pretest-posttest analysis was carried out to evaluate emotional and motivational elements of learning, as well as the students' performance before and after the implementation of the strategy. Tests of the relationship between variables were applied using IBM SPSS Statistic software. The results indicated a significant increase in students' motivation and satisfaction, as well as in their arithmetic calculation skills. As a complement, a survey of teachers was conducted to evaluate their perception of the usefulness and viability of the strategy in the classroom. The teachers' assessment revealed a positive perception regarding the relevance of the proposed strategy to promote active learning and the development of arithmetic and higher order cognitive skills in students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The active participation of families in the pedagogical support of students is crucial for their academic success. The objective of this study is the elaboration of a manual of good practices to strengthen the pedagogical accompaniment of the family in the fulfillment of homework by students in the fourth year of general basic education (EGB). The sample consisted of 20 students in the fourth year of a multigrade school, with representatives of their 12 families and a teacher. A single-group quasi-experimental design was used, combining student and family surveys, teacher interviews and documentary analysis. This is a mixed type of study, since qualitative and quantitative elements were combined, which made it possible to better understand in depth the importance of pedagogical support to the family for the fulfillment of school duties in students of the fourth year of EGB. Methods used were interviews with families and fourth grade students of the Héctor Lara Zambrano school, systematic observation, and specialists' criteria. Mathematical statistics with percentage analysis were also used. The results revealed significant improvements in family pedagogical accompaniment and homework fulfillment after the implementation of the manual. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Educational assessment in elementary education can be an effective tool for transforming traditional pedagogical practices by promoting more meaningful learning adapted to the individual needs of students in a dynamic and constantly evolving educational context. This study investigates the impact of educational assessment on the academic performance and motivation of students in the fourth year of Elementary General Basic Education in a rural Ecuadorian educational unit. Deficiencies were identified in traditional evaluative practices, which focused on memorization and did not encourage critical thinking and creativity. A formative evaluation strategy was designed and implemented based on playful and participatory activities, such as role-playing, contests, and field expeditions, focused on self-evaluation and feedback. The sample included 20 students, 7 teachers, and a director of the Intercultural Bilingual Educational Unit "Hercilio Pianchiche Orejuela". Pretest and posttest results were compared using nonparametric tests, which provided statistical evidence of significant improvements in students' motivation and academic performance, with a notable increase in the "Consistent" and "Advanced" levels. The expert evaluation validated the feasibility, relevance and flexibility of the strategy, with a concordance coefficient of 0.9, although improvements in gamification and the use of local materials were suggested. The study concluded that the implementation of innovative and participatory educational assessments can significantly improve students' motivation and academic performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to analyze the factors that influence the academic performance of students in Colombia, considering both individual characteristics and factors related to the educational institution. Methodology: a hierarchical econometric model was used to nest the data at different levels, and the individual results of the Saber 11° tests of the Colombian Institute for the Evaluation of Education were used for both semesters of 2021. Results: indicate that the nature of the school (public or private) is a key factor in student performance, explaining almost 11% of the differences between schools, despite the fact that students attending public schools have lower socioeconomic, cultural and social conditions than those attending private schools, there is still a significant gap in academic performance that cannot be fully explained. Conclusion: private schools were found to have more variability in their effect on student performance, indicating that the unique characteristics of private schools, such as admission fees and incentives granted to teachers, may influence student academic performance more randomly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of professional skills is a constant in education, schools, colleges and universities constantly seek the development of learning methodologies to obtain better results in the teaching process, however, the socioeconomic conditions of the students have an influence on the success or failure, access to technology and educational resources is critical in the digital age. The lack of adequate access to the internet and technological devices limits opportunities for learning and academic participation, negatively affecting performance. Additionally, household stability and food security are essential to students' well-being and academic success. Leveling students at the Technical University of Quevedo (UTEQ) are affected by the socioeconomic conditions of their environment, family income, parents' educational level, access to educational and technological resources, family environment, among others. The present research is focused on identifying how socioeconomic factors affect the academic performance of students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emotional intelligence has been associated with academic achievement, which entails that improving emotional intelligence could lead to better academic achievement. However, the mechanisms of this relationship are not well known. This paper focuses on assessing relevant factors associated with academic achievement (emotional well-being, motivation, and learning strategies) as potential mediators of this link. A cross-sectional study with a sample of 96 high school students was conducted. They were assessed using the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test, the Psychological Well-being Questionnaire, the Learning Strategies and Motivation Questionnaire, and their final grades. Results of a serial mediation analysis revealed that emotional intelligence is not directly associated with academic achievement but through mediating factors. Serial indirect effects show that emotionally intelligent students have higher levels of emotional well-being, which predicts better learning strategies and is, in turn, associated with academic achievement. Emotional intelligence also predicts greater motivation and better learning strategies (without the mediation of emotional well-being), which is ultimately also associated with academic achievement. Theoretical and instructional implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Self-control, a pivotal determinant in the regulation of human behavior, has consistently demonstrated a strong association with a plethora of advantages, particularly notable in the context of academic accomplishments. This scholarly article presents a comprehensive literature review that delves deeply into the multifaceted construct of self-control, shedding light on its intricate psychological underpinnings. Furthermore, it offers an extensive descriptive study with the principal objective of scrutinizing the interrelationship between self-control and academic performance, as assessed by academic grades, within a carefully selected sample of 161 students pursuing degrees in business engineering. The evaluation hinges on the deployment of the Abbreviated Self-Control Scale. The research findings divulge a moderately robust and positively significant correlation between these key variables, characterized by a Spearman's rs coefficient of 0.317, signifying statistical significance at a 99% confidence level. These outcomes undeniably substantiate a meaningful connection between self-control and academic performance, thereby contributing to an enhanced understanding of the profound impact of self-control on academic success. This study constitutes a valuable addition to the existing body of knowledge and paves the way for future research endeavors within this domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Executive functions (EF) are important cognitive skills for regulating behavior and achieving goals efficiently, especially in the educational context, where they act as mediating variables in various issues. This study explored the relationship between academic procrastination (AP), social media addiction (SMA), academic achievement (AA), and executive functions (EF) in 132 Mexican adolescents, employing a quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional design with descriptive and correlational scope. Significant correlations were identified, revealing that lack of emotional control and inhibition could foster SMA by driving unreflective usage, seeking instant gratification, and hindering reflection on consequences, thus increasing dependence and inability to resist impulses. Furthermore, it was observed that higher SMA was associated with increased academic procrastination, as these platforms offer distractions that contribute to postponing academic responsibilities. It was also identified that AP was linked to difficulties in EF related to planning and organization, which are essential for efficiently structuring time and activities. Lastly, better performance in the assessed EF correlated with improved AA, confirming that these cognitive skills enable students to adapt to various academic demands. In conclusion, the findings underscore the importance of implementing strategies to strengthen EF and prevent negative consequences associated with AP, SMA, and low AA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effective connection between schools and families is a crucial aspect of the educational success of students. This study focused on designing and evaluating educational workshops to strengthen this link in the General Basic Education School Rotary International in Canton Mocache. The design of the workshop system was based on a thorough review of the literature on school-family bonding, as well as on the specific needs identified in the educational community. Workshops were developed that addressed topics such as effective communication, parental involvement in school activities, and strategies to support learning at home. These workshops were designed taking into account cultural diversity and variations in family expectations and values. The mixed methodology employed included exploratory surveys to teachers, as well as pre-test and post-test to 35 families and 37 students respectively, along with a validation by expert criteria. Results revealed significant improvements in school-family communication, parental involvement in school activities, and student academic achievement. These findings suggest that the designed educational workshops have a positive impact on strengthening the school-family bond, thus contributing to improve the educational quality and academic development of students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fostering motivation in the classroom is crucial to improve students' academic performance. The objective of this study was to design a guide of motivational didactic strategies adapted to the school context and to evaluate their impact on the academic performance of second grade students in the EEB Mocache. A single-group quasi-experimental design with a mixed approach was used to collect both quantitative and qualitative data. The target population included all second grade students and teachers at the educational institution, constituting a total of 3 teachers and 30 students. Surveys were conducted with students to assess their level of motivation, semi-structured interviews with teachers to obtain qualitative information, and a pretest and posttest were conducted to measure students' academic performance. Statistical techniques such as analysis of central tendency, normality tests (Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk) and Wilcoxon signedrank test were used to analyze the data. The results show a significant improvement in academic performance after the implementation of the motivational strategies, supporting their effectiveness in the school context. In addition, educational experts, who provided feedback to improve its consistency and effectiveness, validated the guide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of the family environment on students' educational performance has been a growing topic of interest in educational research. This study set out to investigate how the family can positively influence the academic performance of children in the second year of General Basic Education. A quasi-experimental study was carried out in the Unidad Educativa Ambato, where workshops designed to improve parental involvement in their children's educational process were implemented. The sample consisted of 26 students and their parents, who participated in eight workshops during the second semester of 2023. Various methods and techniques, such as pretest/posttest analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA), related samples t-tests, Wilcoxon tests and regression analysis, were used to assess changes in academic performance, motivation and classroom behaviour before and after the intervention. The results obtained indicated significant improvements in grades, as well as in academic motivation and classroom behaviour, after participation in the workshops. In addition, regression analysis revealed that both intrafamilial communication and workshop attendance were significant predictors of academic performance, with an overall model fit of R² = 0.45 (p < 0.001). These findings highlight the importance of parents‘ active involvement in their children's educational process and underline the positive impact that family awareness programmes can have on students’ academic performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although there is evidence of the relationship between stress and academic performance, the possible moderating role of resilience in this association has been investigated to a lesser extent. This study aimed to evaluate the role of resilience in the relationship between stressful life events and academic performance in undergraduate university students. The Life Events Questionnaire and the Adult Resilience Scale were administered to 389 undergraduates aged 18-29. Regressions were performed. Results showed that life event stress predicted low academic performance, while resilience predicted better academic performance and lower life event stress. Two resilience factors moderated the impact of stressful life events on academic performance: family cohesion and social support. Correlation and variance values were low but significant. The results suggest that university programs could improve academic performance by promoting greater student resilience and strengthening other significant factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study evaluated the pedagogical academic impact of the teaching of Ohm's Law in a professional technical high school, with professional figure in electricity, using an electrical module versus the traditional method for the teaching-learning process of Ohm's Law. The results of 38 students in two trimesters of the second year of high school were analyzed by means of Student's t-test and a table of achievements in the evaluation of learning, as well as a student survey. The statistical and qualitative analyses revealed that the use of the electrical module as a tool for the Ohm's Law teaching-learning process is more effective in improving academic performance, student acceptance, mastery and achievement of learning required by the teacher. The challenge we are trying to solve with this study is to overcome the difficulty generated in students to assimilate technical knowledge without adequate pedagogy, as it can limit the performance and interest of students in fundamental subjects for a technical, technological or engineering career. Effective teaching should promote the understanding of previous concepts, foster interest and raise the motivation of adolescents who are currently crossing the baccalaureate education courses The specific objectives of the study were to statistically and qualitatively evaluate the academic pedagogical impact of teaching Ohm's Law using an electrical module versus the traditional method. It was determined that the teaching method with the greatest effectiveness both statistically and qualitatively is the use of the electrical module. In conclusion, the teaching of Ohm's Law using an electrical module in a technical-professional high school with professional figure in electricity is more effective than the traditional method in improving academic performance, student acceptance, mastery and achievement of required learning. The implementation of this method can contribute to the immediate academic and longterm professional success of students in the field of industrial technical engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study about the evaluation of academic performance is to understand the factors that influence during the learning process. The objective is to identify the evaluation process and its impact on school performance in natural sciences, examining the contributions of educational research to improve these processes. A sample of 25 students from the sixth year of the President Jaime Roldós Aguilera School in the Huaquillas canton. The research was carried out through surveys directed at students and interviews with the teacher and the director of the institution. This made it possible to collect information for an analysis that aimed to understand how the natural sciences subject is taught, how students absorb it, and what teaching resources are used. The results of the survey show that a significant number of students experience difficulties in the subject, despite the use of various teaching resources and pedagogical strategies by the teacher. Objective tests are used to evaluate the learning process, but deficiencies in supervision and monitoring at home are identified as possible factors that affect academic performance. It was proposed to establish proposals to improve the academic performance of students. Feedback, review and group work strategies are also mentioned as measures to improve performance. In addition, teaching resources such as the workbook and direct observation (by teachers) are mentioned as important tools for learning in the classroom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the impact of continuous formative assessment on the teaching of calculus in professional education, focusing on how student motivation and academic performance are related. Using a qualitative approach, groups of students undergoing formative assessments were compared with control groups, complemented by qualitative interviews with teachers to delve into implementation and perceptions of calculus teaching and learning. The findings revealed significant improvements in the motivation and academic performance of students exposed to formative assessment practices, highlighting the positive valuation of immediate and constructive feedback. These findings are discussed in accordance with related literature, highlighting the contribution of the study to educational practices in calculus and the importance of continuous teacher training to overcome the rejection of change. In conclusion, the study confirms the effectiveness of continuous formative assessment as a pedagogical and didactic tool to enrich calculus learning, emphasizing the need for pedagogical innovation and institutional commitment for its effective implementation. Formative assessment is proposed as a key to improve teaching and learning in calculus, preparing students for future academic and professional challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In Argentina, nursing education shows progress, but it still does not improve the quantitative deficit of the group, nor the distribution by regions. The analysis of academic trajectories makes it possible to identify the path taken by the student in the study plan and to plan remedial measures for those aspects considered deficient. Objective: To analyze the academic trajectories of students of the bachelor's degree in nursing at the National University of Tucumán, through the analysis of academic performance indicators in the period 2015-2019. Methodes: Descriptive, retrospective, and quantitative study. The population was constituted by the total number of students of the bachelor's degree in nursing in the period 2015-2019. Results: The average GPA of the career is 6.35 out of 10 and the average actual duration of the career is 13.35 years, exceeding the expected duration of 5 years. A failure rate was found in 57% of the subjects of the first cycle and 38% of the second cycle. Conclusions: The academic performance of nursing students has decreased in the last decades, which can be seen in the decrease of the grade point average and the increase of the actual duration of the course. These results show the existing decoupling between the academic trajectories of nursing students in relation to those expected by the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite improved higher education accessibility in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), challenges persist in student drop-out, especially for socio-economically disadvantaged students. While machine learning models have enhanced our understanding of this challenge by predicting academic performance, many studies overlook LMIC-specific institutional factors or focus on specific courses, limiting their generalizability and policy uses. To address these issues, the authors compiled a comprehensive database using administrative and census data to predict undergraduate academic performance at the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru (PUCP). The study found that the most effective models were tree-based ensembles, particularly Random Forest, with key predictors including prior secondary school performance and university admission test scores. They present a high-performing model using only ten features that can predict future academic performance and potentially aid in reducing student drop-out at PUCP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of the family environment on the academic performance of seventh grade students acquires significant importance in the educational field. In order to address this fundamental relationship, this study set out to design an educational strategy to improve the family environment in the Intercultural Bilingual Educational Unit "Inka Samana". Through a mixed approach, surveys and interviews with students, parents and teachers were used. The sample of 56 students, 56 parents and 5 teachers provided a significant representation of the school community. The surveys explored family structure, parental involvement, communication about studies and study practices, while the teacher interviews provided insights into the relationship between family environment and academic performance. The assessment of the educational strategy by a select panel of experts provided valuable insights and suggestions, which were seen as valuable insights for its further development. These contributions contributed to a more solid and successful implementation of the strategy in the educational environment. The partial implementation of the educational strategy revealed its significant contribution to the achievement of the achievement of the planned objectives. The evaluations made by parents, parents' representatives and teachers demonstrated its significant contribution to the achievement of the planned objectives. Parents, representatives and teachers showed a high level of significance of the educational strategy in improving the family environment and the academic performance of the students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The implementation of the ExeLearning platform in the language teaching process in the fifth year of Héroes del Cenepa school has proven to be an effective tool in improving students' academic performance. This platform offers a variety of interactive and dynamic resources that facilitate learning and understanding of the curriculum. Additionally, it allows teachers to create personalized activities tailored to the specific needs of each student, fostering more meaningful and motivating learning experiences. The methodology employed in this research involved gathering valuable information through surveys, interviews, and analysis of academic performance. The results revealed that the use of technology in language teaching has had a positive impact on the development of linguistic skills, text comprehension, and oral and written expression among students. Furthermore, the implementation of interactive mental games in language teaching has significantly contributed to the learning process, promoting creativity, concentration, and critical thinking skills among students. The objective of the investigation was to evaluate the impact of implementing the ExeLearning platform in virtual teaching, specifically in language education for fifth-year students. The methodology utilized was descriptive, incorporating both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Questionnaires were used for surveys with educators and students, along with interviews with administrative staff. The data collected from these methods provided insights into the effectiveness of the platform in enhancing the teaching and learning process. In conclusion, the integration of "ExeLearning" has proven to be beneficial in the language education of fifth-grade students, offering an innovative approach to teaching and learning. The results suggest that the platform has facilitated better comprehension of language concepts and improved academic performance. Overall, the findings highlight the potential of technology-enhanced learning tools in optimizing educational outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study addresses the critical problem of seventh grade students of basic general education in terms of problem-solving skills in Mathematics. Recognizing the importance of these skills in comprehensive education, the objective was to design and implement a strategy based on Problem-Based Learning (PBL) at the Ángel Polivio Chávez School in Cuenca. The sample, composed of 120 seventh grade students, was subjected to pre- and post-test evaluations, surveys and standardized tests. The strategy was designed in three phases: preparation, implementation and evaluation, and adjustment, covering teacher training, development of meaningful problems and assessments aligned with PBL. Pretest results revealed notable deficiencies, with 62.5% of students scoring 0-4. Following the implementation of the ABP, posttest results exhibited substantial improvements, most notably with 62.5% achieving levels of 6-10. The qualitative assessment showed specific improvements in problem comprehension, logical reasoning, application of concepts, and aptitude for dealing with novel situations. These results suggest that the PBL strategy emerged as an effective tool to strengthen problem-solving skills in mathematics in seventh grade students, which evidences its relevance in improving academic performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent decades, self-regulated learning (SRL) has been a growing and fruitful field of research in educational psychology. According to an initial review of the literature, the construct, since its early appearances with a meaning similar to the current one, has been the subject of a growing number of investigations. The construct has evolved towards increasingly comprehensive conceptions, comprising cognitive, metacognitive, affective/motivational processes, as well as behaviors aimed at controlling these and environmental factors. Likewise, the construct has been differentiated from other related concepts, such as metacognition, autonomous learning, strategic learning, self-directed learning, and independent learning. Part of the current understanding of the concept is that SRL is logically subordinate to intentional learning and self-regulation, being that it is a particular case of these: only intentional learning is self-regulated, and self-regulation can fall on processes other than learning, like the emotional ones. A previous review of the literature has determined that the processes that constitute the SRL can: a) be executed before, during, and after the learning task; b) fall on cognition, motivation, affections, own behavior and the context; c) occur at a general or macro level and at the level of a specific task. On the construct, in the literature there is a variety of theoretical models, with common and complementary aspects. Most of these models conceive the construct from a complex perspective, including a variety of subjective and behavioral aspects, as well as its interaction with environmental factors. For example, there is the cyclical model (Pintrich, 2004; Zimmerman, 2013), the layer model of Boekaers (2017), the dual processing model by the same author (Boekaerts, 2011), the COPES model (conditions, operations, products, evaluation, and standards) of Winne (2017), the Metacognitive and Affective Model of Self-Regulated Learning, by Efklides (2011), and the socially shared regulation of learning by Hadwin et al. (2018). However, the complexity of the construct and its relationships with others and with external factors is not exhaustively included in any of the models. Based on this progress and this limitation of the research on the SRL, the purpose of the investigation was to analyze the theoretical, contextual, and methodological dimensions of the SRL, just as the specialized literature has addressed this construct. The inquiry consisted of a qualitative content analysis of current and relevant academic documents, using the technique of conceptual mapping. This technique, as proposed by Sergio Tobón (2013), is based on complex thinking and is made up of eight analytical axes: Notion, Categorization, Characterization, Differentiation, Classification, Linking, Methodology, and Exemplification. To this set of axes, the author of this article added a ninth axes -Causation-, aimed at analyzing the causal relationships in which the SRL participates. The article presents the results in two of the nine axes of the technique: causation and linkage. The results lead to: a) identify and describe the reciprocal influences between the SRL construct and a set of subjective variables (such as self-concept, task perception, motivation, and self-efficacy), behavioral (such as learning strategies, volitional control, and setting of the environment) and contextual (such as the type and difficulty of the task, teaching strategies); b) identify and describe the links of the SRL topic with a set of theoretical topics (such as epistemology and the learning approach), curricular topics (such as competency-based education) and social topics (such as sustainable social development). The article concludes that the SRL is in a complex network of recursive relationships, which gives empirical support to comprehensive theoretical proposals on the construct, the sociocognitive approach to learning and the relational epistemological approach, and shows the relevance of the SRL theme in the competency-based education and the promotion of sustainable social development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mentoring programs have been proposed to reduce dropout and increase academic performance. We analyzed the effect of peer mentoring on university dropout and academic performance in the context of Spain. We applied a quasi-experimental posttest-only control group design with 3,774 students (mentees, n = 1,887; control, n = 1,887). Mentees had participated in a peer mentoring program. We apply the student's t-test, Cohen's d, phi statistic, and chi-square statistic. Mentees exhibited lower dropout than controls and showed higher academic performance regardless of the area of knowledge. Results support the implementation of mentoring programs in Spanish universities with the goal of reducing student dropout and increasing academic performance. The research provides empirical evidence for theory building in higher education studies, developmental relationships, and integration programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to understand the meaning of spiritual intelligence (SI) in the praxis of citizenship competencies (CC) of students at all educational levels; it is based on a literature review of these variables. The methodology used for the review and research was focused on searching for published articles related to the study in indexed journals inside databases such as Scielo and Redalyc, considering an antiquity of no more than 20 years, in English or Spanish. In the reading of 20 selected articles, it was observed as a result that the meaning of SI does have a positive effect on the acquisition and/or improvement of skills in the praxis of CC; therefore, it is concluded that these aspects are linked to the academic performance of the students and with their development as a citizen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Higher education can be hugely transformative for students and has an important role in empowering human capital, innovation, and society's social, cultural, and environmental development. The expansion of higher education has promoted access for a more heterogeneous mix of students, but ensuring access does not guarantee academic success. This paper aims to analyse predictors of academic achievement in 447 first-year students in their 1st and 2nd semesters, considering variables including sex, age, parents' educational level and grades on entering higher education, along with levels of students' academic engagement and self-efficacy after some weeks at university. Results show statistically significant paths for sex, age, and GPA to 1st-semester achievement, for parent's educational levels to perceived self-efficacy, for students' academic engagement to 1stsemester achievement, and 1st-semester achievement to 2nd-semester achievement. Students' academic engagement also had an indirect effect on the 2nd-semester achievement. The correlation between academic engagement and self-efficacy was positive, strong, and statistically significant. The model explained 35.2% of the variance in 2nd-semester achievement and 15.0% of the variance in 1st-semester achievement. Knowledge about predictors of academic achievement and the importance of engagement and self-efficacy will support timely interventions, promoting success and preventing failure and dropout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Learning strategies represent an important tool in the teaching process for students and teachers. A quantitative descriptive-correlational study was carried out that aimed to describe and analyze the use of learning strategies through an instrument and correlate them with academic performance, in a sample of students from seventh primary to eleventh secondary at a school in Chile. (N=408). The results show a low use of the four strategies at all school levels, observing a strong and significant correlation obtained through the Pearson coefficient between academic performance and all strategies in the eleventh secondary. The need to generate psychoeducational spaces that allow both teachers and students to learn to use learning strategies is discussed. The role of the support strategy in generating a positive learning climate is highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Applying a three-level meta-analysis, the goal of our investigation was to examine the relationship between parental homework involvement and students' achievement, and to investigate whether certain study features could have resulted in the inconsistent results relating to this relationship from prior studies. Method: We identified a total of 28 studies (32 independent samples) with 252 effect sizes for a total of 378222 participants. Results: Our meta-analysis revealed an overall weak negative relationship between parental homework involvement and students' achievement (r = -0.064, p < 0.001). The overall relationship was moderated by the dimension of parental homework involvement. Specifically, students' achievement was positively related to autonomy support, but largely unrelated to content support, parental control, frequency, and mixed. Additionally, the overall relationship was moderated by achievement measure, grade level, and parent gender. Conclusions: Given that parental autonomy support was the only dimension that was positively related to students' achievement, it would be important to conduct qualitative research that provides longitudinal descriptions of parent-child interactions relating to homework tasks as children make their transition from elementary to middle and high school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To construct a model of relationship between stress, academic coping and anxiety variables with academic performance and the possible impact of sociodemographic control variables in university students of the Universidad Tecnológica del Chocó “Diego Luis Córdoba”. Methodology: The research was of a quantitative nature, analytical-transversal cut, which by means of a covariance structure model evaluates a causal model on the influence of stress on academic performance. The sample was selected by convenience sampling and consisted of 292 students (57 % female, 42,8 % male), aged between 16 and 48 years, enrolled in undergraduate programs at the Universidad Tecnológica del Chocó Diego Luis Córdoba. Results: The results obtained show that the variables of control, age, semester studied and stratum have an influence on academic performance. Regarding neuroticism and Psychoticism it is stated that they have a negative influence on the academic performance of students at a confidence level of 99,9 % and are negative because of their negative coefficient (-0,217). Conclusions: According to the analyses carried out on the evaluation of academic stress and its effects. on performance in university students, it was evident that students who depend economically on their parents present better academic performance compared to those who subsist on their own income. On the other hand, the analysis between sex and academic average showed that these variables are correlated; therefore, the women in this study presented better academic averages than the men with standard deviations (0,44, 0,46) showing little dispersion of the data between the averages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: academic performance is influenced by numerous factors, some personal and others contextual in nature, which also have a close relationship with the health of students. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the relationship and influence of lifestyle habits, various physical and psychosocial health indicators, and sociodemographic variables on academic performance. Method: the study was carried out on a sample of 761 students (14.51 ± 1.63 years old) from 25 educational centers in a region of northern Spain. Academic performance was assessed, as well as health-related quality of life, self-esteem, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, hours of nocturnal sleep, level of physical activity, environment for the practice of physical activity, participation in extra-curricular sports activities, maximum oxygen consumption, body mass index, and various sociodemographic factors. Results: being male, having immigrant origins, as well as having a low/medium socioeconomic level, a cardiorespiratory capacity in the risk zone, lower adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and lower health-related quality of life indices were associated with lower academic performance, explaining up to 14 % of its variance according to the regression analysis. Likewise, adolescents with higher self-esteem, lower body mass index, females, those who lived in a favorable environment for physical activity practice, engaged in extra-curricular physical activity, and had a higher number of hours of nocturnal sleep showed higher levels of academic performance. Conclusions: interventions aimed at combating academic failure should take into account the aforementioned associated factors, with special emphasis on the most vulnerable groups such as males, those with lower socioeconomic status, and those who follow unhealthy lifestyle habits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research has established the effect of emotions on academic performance and on development of autonomy in undergraduate students in the virtual modality, based on a mixed study with descriptive approach performed in three Higher Education Institutions in Colombia. This study consulted 1,628 students, as follows: freshmen (first semester), in fourth and fifth semesters, and seniors (seventh, eighth and ninth semester). The study regarded the variable duration of each program (between eight and ten semesters) in each institution. The data for each group of students was collected simultaneously. Research results evinced that academic performance and development of autonomy, overall, are affected by emotions, specifically by the lack of control of mood, frustration, fear of expressing ideas and disillusion with learning results, largely because it entails selfcontrol, establishing good interpersonal relationships and assertive communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article titled "Study habits based on audiovisual resources as mediators of academic performance in university students" highlights the importance of using strategies and audiovisual means to improve study habits in university students. The research was conducted with a sample of 287 university students aged between 16 and 25, who were administered questionnaires to assess study habits and perception of academic performance. The analyses indicated significant correlations and demonstrated that the use of audiovisual resources improves the conditions of academic performance. This study emphasizes the importance of implementing audiovisual resources in learning to achieve higher academic performance in university students. [Extracted from the article]

Emotional intelligence is a psychological variable that affects personal well-being and transcends the educational field. It is known that learning music provides emotional benefits for people and that emotional intelligence varies by age and gender. Based on these principles, we propose this research with the following objectives: to measure the perceived emotional intelligence of adolescent students of obligatory secondary education from Valencia, to compare by the variables of musician-non-musician and gender; and to explore the effect of music on the perceived emotional intelligence of young musicians considering gender as a variable. The final sample comprised a total of 409 adolescents of between 11 and 16 years of age. The data collection tools were an ad hoc sociodemographic questionnaire and the Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS-24). The results of the statistical analyses displayed significant differences by gender in emotional attention; a positive correlation between age and attention, which increases with progress through adolescence; and a significant effect that reveals greater emotional clarity in musicians. This effect occurs independently of the gender of the subject, and so it benefits boys and girls equally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of game-related assessments (GRAs) in personnel selection is increasing. However, the type of GRA under investigation should be considered. This study focuses on game-based assessments, which closely resemble leisure-oriented videogames. We specifically examined a serious game that assesses personality traits (assertiveness, sociability, tolerance, and rules). We analyzed its predictive validity, applicant reactions, and the impact of personal and job-related factors on scores. The study included 182 participants who played the GRA and completed a Big Five questionnaire. Findings revealed that the game predicts adaptive performance, offering incremental value over the Big Five (ΔR2 =.107). Additionally, candidates reacted more positively to the GRA in terms of comfort and fit, although the effect size was small (d = -0.1757 and -0.3119, respectively). Relating to personal and job-related characteristics, only job experience significantly affected the assertiveness score, albeit with a small effect size (d = -0.3870). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the present study was to relate learning styles, emotional and multiple skills to academic performance in first-year students of the physical education teaching career at a university in Santiago de Chile. Methodology: quantitative, non-experimental cross-sectional type. The sample consisted of 84 students (20 women and 64 men). To assess learning styles, the CHAEA-36 and the Herrmann Brain Dominance Instrument were used. The Multiple Intelligences Inventory (IAMI-R), the Emotional Intelligence Inventory were also applied, and for academic performance, the transcript of grades from the subjects taken in the first semester by the students was used. Results: low to medium correlations were found between the active learning style and academic performance (r=-0.235), and dominance B is positively related to grades (r=0.270). Conclusions: Future studies with a longitudinal and experimental design are necessary, as there are some key skills for a comprehensive teacher that should be addressed from the first years of training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Foundation: in the university pedagogy field, the teaching model adopts a new vision: developer learning and educational evaluation; in this context, the portfolio has emerged in recent years. Objective: to assess the perception of teachers and students about the use of the portfolio as a learning tool in the Health Prevention subject. Methods: educational research, at the Cienfuegos Medical Sciences University in the first period of the 2022 academic year, a universe made up of the total number of second-year students who took the subject and the professors who served as tutors. The sample was randomly selected, 64 students and 36 teachers, who agreed to participate in the research respecting ethical principles. The interview technique was used, a semi-structured questionnaire was designed, exploring the opinion of students and teachers. Results: the teachers considered the portfolio useful for learning, as it allowed objectifying and documenting the competencies, achieving dynamism and stimulating reflection, they claimed disagreement in the evaluation, stating that it requires a lot of time. The students received guidance on the portfolio, which allowed them to prepare for their profession, organize and self-evaluate. As a weakness, they highlighted industriousness, considering it stressful, referring to the responsibility and the time available and insufficient motivation provided by the tutors. Conclusions: the portfolio is an instrument focused on learning competencies, with student participation and a type of evaluation that stimulates responsibility by applying real-life knowledge in medical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to establish which parenting style is associated with optimum outcomes among adolescents of Spanish families considering adolescents with low vs. high self-efficacy. Although classical studies identify the authoritative parenting style (based on warmth and strictness) as the best parental strategy, emerging research seriously questions the benefits of parental strictness. Additionally, the impact of parenting on the adolescent’s psychosocial competence has been studied for years, but less is known about whether it might vary depending on individual characteristics of the adolescent (e.g., self-efficacy). Participants were 1029 Spanish adolescents, 453 males (44%), aged 12-17 years. Families were classified in one of the parenting styles groups (authoritative, authoritarian, indulgent, or neglectful), and adolescents were grouped by low vs. high self-efficacy. Adolescent psychosocial competence was examined through emotional and academic self-concept, psychological maladjustment (hostility/aggression, negative self-esteem, emotional responsivity, instability, and negative view of the world), and academic performance (grade point average and number of failing grades). Main and interaction effects of parenting style and adolescent self-efficacy were tested. Main effect results indicated that adolescents with low self-efficacy were always associated with the worst psychosocial competence. Consistently, the main effect findings indicated that adolescents from indulgent and authoritative families were associated with better results than those from neglectful and authoritarian families. However, the indulgent parenting style yielded the best results. The impact of parenting might not be the same for adolescents in all cultural contexts. Contrary to findings from classical studies, parental strictness seems to be unnecessary or even detrimental for adolescents with low and high self-efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective if this study was to determine the relation that exists between the predominant tendency of the learning style, according to the Felder-Silverman model, and partial and final academic performance of the students attending the subject Morphology and Function I. A transversal study was carried out among 231 college students who joined the Faculties of Health and Education during the first term of 2019. They received the Index of Learning Styles Questionnaire and it was correlated with the mark of the theoretical test n°1, the practical evaluation n° 1 and the final average of the course. Results showed that 53.4 % of the total numbers of students assessed are visual, for these pupils the Spearman correlation coefficient was -0.378 for the theoretical test (p<0.001), -0.467 for the practical evaluation (p<0.001) and -0.500 for the final average (p<0.001). Visual students have higher average marks in the theoretical test and the final average contrasted with the active ones (p<0.05). We concluded that the predominant tendency is the visual style. For these students there is an inverted and statistically significant correlation with the academic performance. Besides, they show significantly higher average marks than the other tendencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following article presents the results of the research carried out on children with dysgraphia and its impact on academic performance, self-esteem and socioemotional environment in the teaching and learning process. The objective of the research was to analyze the impacts of dysgraphia on the learning of children in General Basic Education at "Coronel Héctor Espinosa" educative unit of Cotopaxi Province. The research population made up of 4 children, 2 boys and 2 girls, with a dysgraphia diagnosis. A qualitative approach was applied, with a descriptive bibliographic study observation cards were applied on the dimensions: academic performance, self-esteem and socioemotional environment to children between 8 and 9 years. The research concluded that the dimensions: academic performance, self-esteem and socioemotional environment, have a higher presence with children who develop this writing disorder. The work carried out shows the importance of analyzing the problems that arise in children with this writing difficulty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effective school-family-community collaboration is a critically important factor in improving students' academic achievement, and this study focused on assessing and strengthening these relationships in the context of teaching Social Studies to seventh grade GBS students. The key objectives of the research included assessing the quality of these partnerships, developing a best practices manual to guide collaboration, and then validating it by experts in education and Social Studies. The study sample consisted of 32 seventh grade students from a Community Fiscal Education Unit in the canton of La Mana, as well as their parents or representatives, Social Studies teachers and community members. The methodology employed was of a mixed nature, using quantitative and qualitative methods to obtain a holistic understanding of the relationships studied. Questionnaires were administered to students, parents and teachers, interviews were conducted with community members and education experts, and a best practices manual was developed based on the literature review and identified best practices. The results revealed that collaboration among these actors has a positive impact on students' academic performance, highlighting the need to strengthen these relationships for the benefit of Social Studies education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cuban higher education demands the use of methodologies that encourage active participation of students in their training process and provide knowledge, skills, values and study habits that facilitate their insertion into the professional environment. This research aimed to describe the contributions of Project Based Learning in the subject Database Systems II in the third year of the Faculty of Educational Technology of the University of Computer Sciences. A descriptive research was carried out using the survey technique with a sample of 83 students. The main results were superior academic performance in terms of passes and grade quality, greater student satisfaction with their teaching process and a positive influence of some study habits initially diagnosed, which confirms the relevance of its use for train more prepared, independent and committed professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of the variables that influence the performance of students with dyslexia has generally favored cognitive variables, while the influence of non-cognitive variables has been less explored. This study analyzed the importance of self-concept, causal attributions and goal orientation on performance in the Spanish Language subject of students with dyslexia, taking into account their gender. A sample of 84 students with dyslexia (46 boys and 38 girls) from 6th grade of primary education was selected. Students were enrolled in 1academic performance1 public elementary schools from Tenerife (Spain). All of them were of Spanish nationality and had been diagnosed in 3rd grade with dyslexia by specialized professionals dependent on the Ministry of Education. The following instruments were used to evaluate the motivational variables: AF-5 Multidimensional Self-Concept Scale, Sydney Attribution Scale and Goal Orientation Scale. And the measurement of academic performance was obtained from the final grade for the Spanish language subject. Results showed that girls with dyslexia perform better than boys, and that the relationship and influence of the variables on performance in the Spanish Language subject is different between girls and boys. The girls obtained significantly higher scores in academic self-concept, while the boys had a significantly higher score in mastery-avoidance orientation and in attributing success to external causes. Therefore, the gender perspective is a factor that should be taken into account in the school treatment of dyslexia to maximize the educational achievements of these students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research was to analyze how the stimulation of learning improves the academic performance and personal growth of the students of the Faculty of Pedagogy of the "Luis Vargas Torres" Technical University of Esmeraldas. Therefore, the methodology used to carry out this research was the historical-logical method, structural, empirical system and the techniques of documentary analysis of researchers and the survey of 200 students and 20 teachers with closed questions. The results show that a large percentage of students, despite the difficulties, are clear about the goals they want to achieve. It is concluded that teachers should not lose heart in their eagerness to apply new strategies that allow instruction and motivation to reach students in the best way and not drop out of the university. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children with mental health problems at school are more likely to present lower school performance and, in turn, different forms of bullying are an important risk factor for advancing academically. The objective was to determine the association between affective and behavioral alterations and the school experience in the student population of public schools in Caldas-Colombia. A cross-sectional analytical observational study was carried out in individuals between the ages of four and 17, carried out in the second semester of 2019 in 17 public schools in Manizales and Aranzazu (Caldas). Affective-behavioral alterations were determined using the Child Behavior Checklist 4-18 (CBCL/4-18), and the school experience was evaluated according to academic performance, bullying and play time. The sample consisted of 1533 children. 18.2% of the children had academic problems, 15.3% attended special classes and 28.9% repeated courses. The subjects that showed the worst performance were mathematics and language, in addition a statistically significant relationship was found between academic performance and alterations in CBCL domains. The percentiles for CBCL syndromes were higher in bullied children. It is concluded that the school experience has a relationship with internalizing and externalizing symptoms in the student population, it is necessary to apply strategies to carry out early detection and intervention of affective-behavioral alterations in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Foundation: the learning styles and approaches allow us to know how the student faces this process and the way in which they process the information that must be assimilated. Objective: to identify the learning styles and approaches used by Dentistry students and their relationship with academic performance in the Pharmacology discipline. Methods: a descriptive-cross-sectional study, with a qualitative-quantitative approach, carried out from November 2021 to January 2022. The non-probabilistic sample consisted of 28 students (90.3%) in the second year of the Dentistry course taught at the Havana Dentistry Faculty. Two instruments were applied to the participants: the Honey and Alonso questionnaire on learning styles and the Approaches and Inventory of Student Study Skills questionnaire. The dimensions of academic performance were excellent, good, and regular. Results: the very high/high preference predominated in the theoretical style (67.86%) and the moderate preference in the reflective style (67.86%). A significant relationship was found between the number of very high/high preference learning styles and academic performance (p=0.044), and between the reflective style and academic performance (p=0.024). Also, a significant relationship was found between academic performance and the strategic learning approach (p=0.008) and the preference for the transmission of information (p=0.028). Conclusions: there are learning styles and approaches among students that are related to academic performance in Pharmacology; Aspects that should be considered for the improvement of the teaching process of this discipline in Dentistry are shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presented below is focused on performance variables and academic tasks with the aim of investigating the impact of high school performance on the application of academic tasks. The issue of education is essential in a country, today it is invested to see a better tomorrow personally and collectively, it is important that the field of education focuses on the development of better methods towards teaching content to students. Academic performance is a topic of global importance, nowadays more attention is being paid to the academic performance of high school graduates, due to the degree of knowledge with which they attend the university and this affects the development of tasks academics taking place. The present investigation is of a descriptive type, it has a quantitative and qualitative approach, with respect to the characteristic of the type of approach, it is given by the collection of data from the leveling students through a survey with closed questions, from such a survey it was obtained that the majority of students if they want an academic reinforcement plan, because they do not feel qualified to develop academic tasks, with which they go to the university center. Where it has been shown that there is a great shortcoming in the application of autonomous and collaborative task methodologies in the various learning activities that take place within higher education institutes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to determine the relationships between Reading comprehension (Rc), Learning styles (Ls) and Academic Performance (Ap). The population consisted of 48 undergraduate students in Psychology from a Mexican university, the distribution was 36 (75%) women and 12 (25%) men, with an average age of 19.95 years. An ad hoc questionnaire was applied to them to evaluate the socio-academic characteristics, the Honey and Alonso Questionnaire of Learning Styles and the Reading comprehension Instrument for College students. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis through non-parametric tests. From the results, globally in terms of Ls the group is located in the category "bad" and "regular" (47.9%); the literal level predominates in the "good" category and a predominantly reflective Ls (57.9%). It is concluded that there is a positive and significant relationship between Rc, the reflective Ls (rs = .323, p= .025) and Ap (rs = .399, P= .005). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to present a test to assess spelling competence (TCORT) in incoming Spanish university students and to obtain validity evidence to support its use. The starting point was a bank of 73 items covering the most relevant spelling areas of the Spanish language, and the 37 most representative items were selected from the information provided by six experts. Afterwards, a pilot study of the TCORT was carried out with 602 students. The final version consisted of 31 items, with sufficient internal consistency (a = .90; ? = .89) and an invariant unidimensional structure between sexes. It also correlated significantly with other variables, such as previous performance (r = .37, p <.01), verbal reasoning (r = .27, p <.01) and spelling, measured with another tool not adapted to the target population (r = .45, p <.01). Validity evidence based on the test content, internal structure and relations to other variables supported the use of the test to assess spelling competences in incoming university students. The usefulness of TCORT in providing relevant data to facilitate the creation of university policies aimed at promoting spelling competence training in university students is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Learning to learn (LtL) is a key competence that the European Commission has identified for education systems (Recommendation of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2006 on key competences for lifelong learning; Council Recommendation of 22 May 2018 on key competences for lifelong learning). It is usually assumed that students will already handle it well when they start university and that their use of it will improve during their university studies, but this assumption needs testing. The aim of this article is to establish the level of management of this competence as well as possible profiles of how university students use it and their relationship to academic achievement. To this end, we worked with a sample of 1,234 students from three universities in Valencia (Spain) in different study years and study areas, applying the QELtLCUS questionnaire, which evaluates the competence. We performed descriptive analyses, cluster analysis, analyses of differences, and multiple linear regression analyses. The sample subjects displayed an acceptable level of management, albeit with low scores in some important dimensions of LtL. We found two groups with two management profiles: one with a high competence level and another with a lower competence level. The students in the first group had better scores than those in the second group, with statistically significant results. We also found differences that were not statistically significant by gender, with a higher level of competence in women, with those relating to year and study area being larger. We believe that this research provides relevant data that may be of interest to researchers. It also includes guidance to help teachers work on this competence in university studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Executive functions are established as vital in learning, as well as in the development of psycholinguistic skills crucial to learning a second language. The present study analyzes relationships between variables linked to executive functioning and to academic achievement in English as a foreign language (EFL). The participants were 519 primary school students between the ages of 10 and 12. The results show a tendency to greater sustained and selective attention and consequently better attention control and concentration on task when academic achievement in English was higher. Our discriminant analysis verifies that sustained and selective attention, attention deficit, and concentration on task explain and predict group membership in EFL achievement groups (low, medium, and high achievement). It is important to plan activities to develop executive functioning, alongside the regular curriculum content, in order to improve learning and acquisition of psycholinguistic skills, the foundation for bilingualism or second-language learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]